CN104742693A - Winter-summer dual-purpose type vehicle-mounted solar energy utilization device - Google Patents
Winter-summer dual-purpose type vehicle-mounted solar energy utilization device Download PDFInfo
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- CN104742693A CN104742693A CN201510121761.7A CN201510121761A CN104742693A CN 104742693 A CN104742693 A CN 104742693A CN 201510121761 A CN201510121761 A CN 201510121761A CN 104742693 A CN104742693 A CN 104742693A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/32—Cooling devices
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R16/00—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for
- B60R16/02—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements
- B60R16/03—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements for supply of electrical power to vehicle subsystems or for
- B60R16/033—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements for supply of electrical power to vehicle subsystems or for characterised by the use of electrical cells or batteries
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01P11/00—Component parts, details, or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01P1/00 - F01P9/00
- F01P11/14—Indicating devices; Other safety devices
- F01P11/20—Indicating devices; Other safety devices concerning atmospheric freezing conditions, e.g. automatically draining or heating during frosty weather
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02N19/00—Starting aids for combustion engines, not otherwise provided for
- F02N19/02—Aiding engine start by thermal means, e.g. using lighted wicks
- F02N19/04—Aiding engine start by thermal means, e.g. using lighted wicks by heating of fluids used in engines
- F02N19/10—Aiding engine start by thermal means, e.g. using lighted wicks by heating of fluids used in engines by heating of engine coolants
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Atmospheric Sciences (AREA)
- Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a winter-summer dual-purpose type vehicle-mounted solar energy utilization device. The winter-summer dual-purpose type vehicle-mounted solar energy utilization device comprises a solar energy collection unit and a storage battery component connected with the solar energy collection unit and used for storing electric energy, and further comprises a refrigeration unit used for supplying cooling to a car and a heating unit used for performing temperature control on car engine cooling liquid; the storage battery component supplies power to the refrigeration unit and the heating unit simultaneously. Compared with the prior art, the winter-summer dual-purpose type vehicle-mounted solar energy utilization device utilizes a solar energy generation board to convert solar energy to the electric energy and store the electric energy in a storage battery. In summer, the comfortable environment in the car is achieved by utilizing the electric quantity stored by the storage battery to drive a compression type refrigeration system. In winter, the engine cooling liquid is remained within a certain temperature range by utilizing the electric quantity stored by the storage battery. According to the winter-summer dual-purpose type vehicle-mounted solar energy utilization device, the solar energy and waste heat in the car running process are well utilized, the problems that an air conditioner consumes energy in summer and the car is difficult to start in winter because the battery capacity is small are solved, and very good application prospects are achieved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of car-mounted device, specifically relate to a kind of Winter-summer dual purpose type Vehicular solar and utilize device.
Background technology
Along with the fast development of China's economy, the living standard of people improves day by day, and automobile has become people and to have gone on a journey indispensable instrument, and automobile pollution and the average annual productive output of current China are all at the forefront in the world.The power of automotive operation is provided by the driving engine of automobile, and the burning of the need of work fuel oil of automotive engine.Automotive engine, according to the difference of fuel oil, can be divided into diesel motor, engine petrol, electric car engine and hybrid power engine etc.As the cardia of automobile, automotive engine has very large impact to the dynamic property of Integral automobile, economical and environment-friendly type, therefore improves the performance of driving engine for promoting that the development of automobile industry has very important significance.With regard to current technical merit, the outputting power of automotive engine only accounts for 30% ~ 42% (diesel engine) or 25% ~ 40% (spark ignition engine) of fuel oil gross calorific power, that is the energy that most fuel oil produces is wasted, and only has being utilized of fraction.Its complementary energy is all dissipated in surrounding environment as modes such as the heatings in motor vehicle exhaust emission, engine working process.The temperature of the tail gas of automobile is general all far above the temperature of environment, the exhaust temperature of such as spark ignition engine up to 400 DEG C ~ 550 DEG C, the exhaust temperature of diesel engine up to 300 DEG C ~ 400 DEG C.On the one hand; because the degree of utilization of fuel oil is lower; and the source of fuel oil mostly is petrochemical industry; the energy that this industry utilizes is non-renewable energy resources; add up according to World Energy Conference; the explored oil reserves in the world only enough exploits 30 ~ 40 years, and therefore the widespread use of automobile can aggravate current energy shock, thus threatens the sustainable development of economic society.On the other hand, because the combustion process of vehicle fuel can produce waste gas, containing hundreds of different compound in vehicle exhaust, pollutants wherein has solid aerosol, carbonic oxide, carbon dioxide, hydro-carbon, Nitrogen oxides, lead and oxygen sulfur compound etc.Vehicle exhaust is except being one of the main source of large size city PM2.5, or one of the arch-criminal of a lot of urban atmospheric pollution, and Los Angelos smog is exactly one of its major effect.Therefore, and even while the utilization strengthening waste heat of automotive exhaust gas utilize the sustainable development of sustainable energy to auto trade economic society to have very important significance.
Utilization both at home and abroad for automobile waste heat has higher enthusiasm, and the utilization of automobile waste heat, except the feature identical with other used heat, also has the unique distinction of oneself.These features mainly contain: 1) device that utilizes of automobile waste heat wants anti-vibration, shock resistance, can adapt to the different operating environment of automobile.The service condition of automobile is along with condition of road surface, and the change of traffic etc. and changing, the device on automobile can rotate along with rocking of automobile and moves, and therefore the waste heat utilization device of automobile is rocking under operating mode and should also can well work.2) device that utilizes of automobile waste heat wants structure simple, and volume is little, and efficiency is high, and car body is easily installed.Current automotive technology develops relative maturity, and the function of automobile is also more and more perfect, and the parts of automobile also get more and more, in order to keep the compact of automobile component, the parts that utilize of automobile waste heat should be simple, reliably, body is less, and is convenient to I&M on car body.3) features such as the tail gas waste heat of driving engine can intermittently be utilized.The quantity discharged of vehicle exhaust is relevant with the running state of automobile, and when car speed is comparatively slow or energy-dissipating device is few, exhaust emissions amount is few, and speed energy-dissipating device emission of many times amount is many, and when the car is stopped, does not have the discharge of tail gas.Therefore the utilization of automobile waste heat has the feature of typical intermittence and fluctuation.Utilize device must adapt to this operating mode.4) serviceability of driving engine can not be affected, do not increase the power consumption of automotive engine.The device that utilizes of automobile waste heat mainly collects the used heat of automobile, therefore therefore can not introduce this device and cause larger driving engine energy consumption.
Application way at present for automobile waste heat mainly contains: 1) turbocharging technology.The turbocharging technology of waste gas is by the portion of energy in waste gas to improve the intake pressure of automotive engine, and then increases charge air, to improve tractive performance and the economy of automotive engine.Exhaust turbine pressuring technology is that current exhaust gas utilizes a kind of approach comparatively widely, also has certain market at commercial field.But these class methods can only utilize the portion of energy in tail gas, and be generally applicable in the driving engine of large-scale diesel.2) waste heat driven a/c system etc. is utilized.The application of this part can be divided into driving absorption refrigeration, drives absorption type refrigerating, drives ejector refrigeration three kinds of forms.Absorption refrigeration is due to needs evaporator, and the tank bodies such as producer, its applicable situation is very restricted.Absorption type system architecture is simple, and cost is low, but the COP of absorption type system is not high, and the refrigerating capacity of unit mass is little.And air conditioning for automobiles needs volume little, dependable performance, easy to operate, therefore its applicable situation is also subject to certain restrictions.Ejector refrigeration system does not have other movable parts except circulation pump, and working steam in system and refrigerant are a kind of working medium, and its structure is simple, and power consumption is few, but the noise of this device is comparatively large, affects the traveling comfort of automobile.3) waste-heat power generation is utilized.Quartz conductor generating mainly refers to and utilizes pyroelectric effect to generate electricity.Along with the progress of semi-conducting material and processing technology, thermal transition is that the efficiency of electricity is more and more higher, and making to have utilized semiconductor temperature differential generating to have on automotive engine may.The utilization of temperature difference electricity generation device makes vehicle exhaust emissions temperature reduce, and contributes to the noise reducing automotive engine.Quartz conductor generating does not simultaneously have movable parts, belongs to static energy conversion device.But its efficiency needs to be further improved.4) automobile waste heat is utilized to heat.Residual heat type warming device utilizes the heat of the waste gas produced in automotive engine working process directly to the air heating in compartment, to realize the device heated.The advantage of such device is not need to increase thermal source on automobile, does not increase again the heat exhaustion of driving engine itself.The cost of heating is lower, system economical good, uses also more for convenience.But the heat due to heating mainly comes from the tail gas of automobile, and therefore its performance is subject to the restriction of automotive engine working condition, and only can utilize the used heat of automobile when winter, remaining time then do not realize well utilizing.In addition, when utilizing heating installation, heat-exchanger rig increases the exhaust back pressure of driving engine, can affect the serviceability of driving engine to a certain extent.
As can be seen from above content, the used heat in vehicle exhaust is not well utilized, and because temperature is too low, automobile occurs that the problem of " cold start-up " all can have a huge impact the experience of automobile and service life when winter.The cold start-up problem of automobile refers to when the temperature of external environment is very low, and in such as northerly winter, because the temperature of the refrigerant fluid of driving engine is lower, automobile starting is comparatively difficult.Because oil now can't well lubricating engine parts, particularly bent axle and engine crankshaft bush, therefore now startup can shorten the service life of driving engine.Although a lot of vehicle has carried the low-temperature protection system of automotive engine at present, body has been avoided to be subject to more damage by the transmitting ratio of limiting transmission and the power stage of driving engine, along with the rising protection restriction of the temperature of body will automatically terminate.But this sacrifices the program based on other modules of automobile.Meanwhile, storage battery as parts requisite in automobile, for the startup of automobile and other consumers provide electric power support.The impact that its performance is subject to temperature is very large, and general automotive battery institute target capacity refers to the capacity 25 DEG C time, and when the environment temperature decreases, the capacity of its battery will reduce accordingly.When the temperature of the surroundings is low, the solution indiffusion in storage battery, the speed of the chemical reaction of two-stage active substance also can be slack-off.The impedance of electrolysis increases, and Battery voltage declines.Therefore, when ambient temperature is lower, the capacity of its battery there will be obvious decline.Capacity of cell when resolving winter and the cold start-up problem of driving engine have very important significance for the life-span and improvement of improving automobile body of driving.
Reduce automobile to the dependence of fossil fuel with to improve the utilization ratio of automobile waste heat be improve the most effective measures of vehicle energy saving characteristic.As the continuable energy of one, solar power has extraordinary application prospect in auto trade, is also subject to extensive concern both domestic and external in recent years.Because solar power derives from the nuclear radiation of solar interior, therefore it has pollution-free, renewable, without the need to transport, and the advantage such as inexhaustible, few, easy for installation by region resource restriction, ready access upon use.Data shows to be radiated at tellurian solar energy very huge, within about 40 minutes, is radiated at tellurian solar power, if can all utilize by actv., is enough to for the global human energy consumption of a year.The current utilization for solar power is mainly by opto-electronic conversion and photothermal conversion.Solar power is converted to heat energy and is used by the interaction between photothermal deformation mainly refers to by material, such as solar water heater, solar dryer, solar still etc.Opto-electronic conversion mainly contains two kinds of modes, and one is " photoelectricity " conversion, mainly utilizes the circuit of photodiode that solar power is converted to electric energy, and another kind is that " light-Re-electricity " transforms, and converts solar energy into thermal drivers power generation assembly and generates electricity.Typical application as solar cell, solar insect-killing light etc.China is richly stored with solar energy resources, and it is estimated, the solar radiant energy that China's top accepts every year is about 50 × 10
18kJ, all parts of the country radiation amount in solar year reaches 335 ~ 837kJ/cm
2a, intermediate value is 586kJ/cm
2a.At present, Chinese solar energy industry scale ranks first in the world, and be the maximum country of global solar water heater productive output and use amount and important photovoltaic producing country, Solar use prospect is very wide.
Further investigation reveals that, existing patent documentation is attempted the energy regenerating in automobile waste heat and by Solar use in onboard system.Recovery patent documentation for automobile waste heat has: publication number is the regenerative apparatus that the patent documentation of CN103982280A proposes a kind of vehicle exhaust preheating, utilize Thermophotovoltaic, energy in vehicle exhaust is used for generating and interior is heated, but the efficiency generated electricity due to current quartz conductor is lower, this device is also lower to the organic efficiency of waste heat of automotive exhaust gas.Publication number be the patent documentation of CN103884128A propose a kind of utilize automobile waste heat to drive absorption and compressed mixed refrigerated air-conditioning system, this device comprises compressor, evaporator, condenser, flow regulating valve, adsorbent bed, water-circulating pump, water collector, electrothermal module etc.Although this device can be good at the used heat utilized in vehicle exhaust, device is too complicated, simultaneously owing to there is the liquid containers such as water collector in system, when the reliability of the unstable timing system of operation conditions of automobile is lower.Patent documentation for the utilization of solar power has: publication number is that the patent documentation of CN104085363A proposes solar energy collecting to get up and to power to such as the car light etc. of the circuit component on automobile, this patent documentation reduces the demand of automobile to oil-fired power generating by introducing solar power, add the energy conservation characteristic of automobile to a certain extent, but the degree of utilization of solar power is low, and do not solve the cold start-up problem of automobile targetedly.Notification number is the preheating device that the patent documentation of CN203730199U proposes a kind of automobile, by storage of solar energy in storage battery, utilize storage battery to heat the liquid in liquid container, utilize the liquid of high temperature to carry out preheating to the refrigerant fluid of automobile, to improve the cold start-up problem of automobile.This patent documentation can be good at the preheating realizing automobile cooling, but the heat transfer of device needs heating rod to liquid, and liquid, to twice diabatic process of refrigerant fluid, adds the loss in diabatic process.Meanwhile, this device relies on the energy of solar power to maintain the temperature of automobile cooling completely, does not use the energy in vehicle exhaust.In addition, the degree of utilization of solar power is lower, only just can use when winter.And sun in summer can more plentiful in be not used.
Summary of the invention
In prior art, the storage battery capacity when winter that carries of automobile obviously diminishes and causes the difficulty in starting of automobile, and the energy of motor vehicle fuel exists very large wasting phenomenon simultaneously.In order to solve the problem of cold-starting automobile, and improve the efficiency of energy utilization of automobile, the present invention proposes a kind of Winter-summer dual purpose type Vehicular solar based on solar power and utilize device, this device can by solar power for providing cold environment in compartment when summer, can avoid the problem of cold-starting automobile by actv. when winter by the heating of storage battery.
A kind of Winter-summer dual purpose type Vehicular solar utilizes device, comprises solar energy collection unit, and is connected the accumulator cell assembly being used for store electrical energy with solar energy collection unit, also comprise:
Automobile is carried out to the refrigeration unit of cooling;
Temperature controlled heating unit is carried out to automobile engine cooling liquid;
Described accumulator cell assembly is powered to described refrigeration unit and heating unit simultaneously.
As preferably, described Winter-summer dual purpose type Vehicular solar utilizes device also to comprise:
Be enclosed in the housing of described accumulator cell assembly outside, between this housing and accumulator cell assembly, form the cavity of sealing;
Be filled in the heat accumulating in described cavity;
Be arranged on the heat exchanger tube in heat accumulating, this heat exchanger tube has the outlet and entrance of stretching out described housing.
By heat accumulating and heat exchanger tube, accumulator cell assembly temperature can be maintained suitable temperature, ensure the overall performance of accumulator cell assembly.
As preferred further, described heat exchanger tube is around accumulator cell assembly snakelike heat exchange tube circumferentially.Employing snakelike heat exchange tube can further improve the heat exchange efficiency to heat accumulating in cavity, ensures that the bulk temperature of accumulator cell assembly is harmonious.The pipe diameter size of snakelike heat exchange tube and tube pitch can adjust according to application example.
In order to reduce the heat exchange amount between battery and surrounding environment, as preferably, described housing is the vaccum case of sandwich structure.Adopt this technical scheme, layout vacuum interlayer around storage battery, main heat exchange mode can be become thermal radiation from heat convection by this this layer, thus greatly reduces the capacity of heat transmission between battery and environment.
As preferably, described solar energy collection unit comprises the solar panel for solar power being converted to electric energy; Described solar panel is by being connected with the charging inlet of described accumulator cell assembly with the one way circuit of master cock with diode.
As preferably, described solar panel is arranged on the roof glass of automobile, side glass, when this application of installation is on truck, can be arranged on the top of lorry compartment, side.The internal placement of solar panel has photoelectric conversion array.
As preferably, described solar energy collection unit also comprises and being connected between solar panel and accumulator cell assembly, and the solar power relay indicating light in parallel with described diode and master cock.Preferably, described master cock, solar power relay indicating light all can be arranged in operator's compartment, and when solar electrical energy generation circuit ON, solar power relay indicating light is bright.Simultaneously in order to increase comfort feature during device of solar generating application, this master cock controls by remote controller, and command range is not less than 50m.
As preferably, storage battery used in this device is plumbic acid rechargeable battery, nickel-hydrogen chargeable cell, lithium ion battery or Ni-Cd nickel-cadmium.The service life of battery is no less than 2 years.Its capacitance is not less than 90% of normal capacity 0 DEG C time.
As preferably, described refrigeration unit comprises for compression-type refrigerating system, and compression-type refrigerating system inner compressor is powered by described accumulator cell assembly.Compression-type refrigerating system generally comprises and connects successively and the compressor of formation C/LOOP, condenser, flow regulating valve and evaporator composition.Refrigeration system herein also can utilize the existing refrigeration system by driving engine Direct driver of automobile, when automotive engine does not work and needs to realize refrigeration, connects storage battery driving circuit by control circuit.
As preferably, the circuit between described accumulator cell assembly discharge connector and refrigeration unit is provided with cond, realizes filtering.Described cond can be the one in Leaded Ceramic Disc Capacitor, electric capacity of the dacron, chemical capacitor, tantalum electric capacity.Simultaneously in order to strengthen the application flexibility of the electric energy that storage battery exports, the circuit between accumulator cell assembly discharge connector and refrigeration unit can arrange matching circuit; The output of matching circuit can regulate, and its voltage exports identical with the operating voltage of compressor.
Can be good to make this battery-driven compacting air-conditioning system being well coupled with the a/c system of automobile engine starting, as preferably, driving circuit arranges master cock, this switch, battery discharging too high at battery temp completely etc. can disconnect storage battery driving circuit under occasion, and this master cock can be controlled by remote controller.
As preferably, in the present invention, accumulator cell assembly can be provided with one or more charging connector, discharge connector.The electric energy that charging connector transforms for receiving solar panel.Wherein at least one discharge connector is used for operating mode in summer, after matching circuit adjustment, drives a set of compression-type refrigerating system.This compression-type refrigerating system is made up of compressor, condenser, flow regulating valve and evaporator.Wherein evaporator and condenser adopt air-cooled heat exchange, and its form can be shell-and-tube heat exchanger, parallel flow heat exchanger etc.The working medium used of compression system can be R34a, the environmental protection refrigerants such as R161 and mixed refrigerant.
Due to when operating mode in summer, accumulator cell assembly is when driving compacting air-conditioning system, certain heat can be produced, this heat can have influence on the normal work of accumulator cell assembly, therefore preferably, the first branch road air (being generally cold air) in automobile bodies being delivered to described heat exchanger tube is also comprised; During summer, lowered the temperature to it by the cold air passing into interior in first road direction snakelike heat exchange tube road, its heat loss in the course of the work also can be collected by the latent heat of phase change of heat accumulating, to avoid the rising of its temperature.
For when ensureing winter, automotive engine can journey start, as preferably, described heating unit comprises:
By the heating rod that described accumulator cell assembly is powered;
Be arranged on the electromagnetic valve in heating rod feed circuit;
Described engine coolant is carried out to the data acquisition instrument of temperature detection;
To the data handler that data acquisition instrument image data processes;
Receive data handler signal and the PLC that described electromagnetic valve is controlled.
In the present invention, the another one discharge connector of accumulator cell assembly is used for operating mode in winter, and solar power mainly heats the refrigerant fluid of automotive engine at the Land use systems in winter.Heated heating rod by electric discharge interface, heating rod is arranged in the refrigerant fluid with automotive engine.Temperature acquisition instrument gathers the temperature of an engine coolant every the regular hour, such as, when the temperature of engine coolant is lower than 0 DEG C, open the electromagnetic valve in heating rod feed circuit by PLC, connect heating rod circuit to heat it, to improve its temperature.When the temperature spot that temperature acquisition instrument collects is higher than 20 DEG C, controls and disconnect electromagnetic valve, stopping heating it.And so forth, to ensure that the temperature of engine coolant is not less than 0 DEG C.
Due to when operating mode in winter, accumulator cell assembly due to ambient temperature lower, its capacitance obviously declines, and in order to ensure the capacity of battery, is furnished with heat accumulating at battery ambient, and in heat accumulating, be embedded with snakelike heat exchange pipeline.As preferably, the present invention also comprises the second branch road be transported to by the high-temperature tail gas of driving engine in heat exchanger tube.When automobile normally runs, the high-temperature tail gas of driving engine is introduced in snakelike heat exchange tube road by the second branch road, and its heat is stored in heat accumulating.When the temperature of heat accumulating exceedes operating temperature, by the valve closing of the second branch road.Ensure that storage battery equal temperature within the regular hour is not less than 0 DEG C by the heat stored by heat accumulating.
For realizing automatic control, as preferably, the present invention includes:
Air in automobile bodies is delivered to the first branch road in heat exchanger tube;
The high-temperature tail gas of driving engine is delivered to the second branch road in heat exchanger tube;
Sensor, for detecting the temperature of engine coolant temperature, and by this temperature signal transmission PLC;
Described PLC, according to the temperature signal received, controls conducting and the closedown of described first branch road and the second branch road.
By technique scheme, the control of heat exchanging tube fluid can be realized in Various Seasonal, realize the abundant recovery of energy.
As preferably, described heat accumulating can be fatty acid phase-change material, salt phase-change material, paraffin base composite phase-change material or carbohydrate phase-change material, and its working temperature range is 0 DEG C ~ 30 DEG C.Its latent heat of phase change is not less than 80kJ/kg.
The Vehicular solar of a kind of Winter-summer dual purpose proposed by the invention utilizes the principle of work of device to be: when summer, by being contained in the solar panel on automobile top glass or compartment, change solar power into electric energy, and be stored in storage battery.Storage battery is connected with a compression-type refrigerating system with power regulation circuit by electric discharge interface.Refrigeration working medium (as R134a) is through the condensation of condenser under the effect of compressor, and the reducing pressure by regulating flow of flow regulating valve, the evaporation endothermic process in evaporator, falls the temperature of the air in compartment, adds the traveling comfort in compartment.Meanwhile, heating functioin when considering battery operated, the cold air of interior to be also incorporated in snakelike heat exchange tube road by a pipeline and to lower the temperature to battery by the present invention.During winter, the electric energy being stored in internal storage battery is utilized to heat heating rod, to improve the temperature of engine coolant.Simultaneously when the temperature of the engine coolant that temperature collecting device collects exceedes certain value, disconnect electromagnetic valve by PLC circuit.When the cooling-liquid temperature of driving engine is lower than another setting value, valve connects circuit again, heats heating rod.
As can be seen from above principle of work, the Vehicular solar of a kind of Winter-summer dual purpose proposed by the invention utilizes device to have following obvious advantage:
1) ensure that the reliability Work of this device storage battery.The storage battery institute problems faced of current automobile mainly contains two aspects: during summer, the cal val of battery self can not well scatter and disappear away, causes the hydraulic performance decline of battery.During winter, because the temperature of inside battery is lower, the solution indiffusion in storage battery, the speed of the chemical reaction of two-stage active substance also can be slack-off, and the impedance of electrolysis increases, and the quantity of electric charge that storage battery can store obviously reduces.The Vehicular solar that the present invention proposes a kind of Winter-summer dual purpose utilizes device, in order to ensure that this device can work normally when summer and winter, respectively for summer operating mode and winter operating mode under battery problems faced take effective measures.Under summer operating mode, in order to reduce the temperature of storage battery self, utilizing the snakelike heat exchange tube road be embedded in phase-change material, the cold air of interior being incorporated in heat exchange pipeline, to take away the cal val of battery.Simultaneously, the phase-change material around arranged also can the cal val of storage batteries, and after storage battery quits work, cold air still connects heat exchange pipeline, so that the heat be stored in phase-change material is taken away, the storage battery therefore under operating mode in summer in this device can work normally.Under winter operating mode, utilize the snakelike heat exchange tube road be embedded in phase-change material, the tail gas of the high temperature of being discharged by driving engine is incorporated in heat exchange pipeline, utilizes the heat of tail gas to be incubated battery.And by the heat storage of a part in phase-change material, after automobile is out of service, utilize the heat stored by phase-change material to continue the temperature maintaining battery.In sum, because the present invention has carried out unique design to the structure of storage battery periphery, therefore, it is possible to ensure the reliable operation of battery when summer and winter.
2) can be good at during summer utilizing solar power, reduce the energy consumption of automobile and the discharge of tail gas.In the market, the compressor of partial automobile air-conditioning is directly driven by automotive engine, and therefore when air conditioning for automobiles works, the horsepower output of automotive engine becomes large, also can increase the exhaust emissions amount of automobile while adding consumption of fuel.The Vehicular solar of a kind of Winter-summer dual purpose proposed by the invention utilizes device, utilizes the energy of solar power to drive a set of compression-type refrigerating system, lower the temperature within the regular hour to the air of interior by photoelectric conversion device.Therefore utilization of the present invention can reduce the demand of automobile to fuel to a certain extent, and also can realize the cooling of air in a car compartment when automotive engine does not work, and Long-Time Service also has very important significance to environmental protection.
3), during operating mode in winter, actv. avoids the problem of cold-starting automobile.During winter, cold start-up to having a huge impact the service life of automobile, even can cause the damage of automobile transmission part.The Vehicular solar of a kind of Winter-summer dual purpose proposed by the invention utilizes device, the energy of solar power is utilized to heat heating rod by photoelectric conversion device, this heating rod is arranged in the refrigerant fluid of automotive engine, when the temperature of automobile cooling is lower than 0 DEG C, connect heating rod heater circuit, heat to automobile cooling.When the temperature of automobile cooling stops heating higher than when 30 DEG C, the temperature acting as maintenance automobile cooling of whole module is between 0 DEG C ~ 30 DEG C.As can be seen here, design plan of the present invention can avoid the cold start-up problem of automobile by actv..
Compared with prior art, Winter-summer dual purpose type Vehicular solar of the present invention utilizes device, and this device utilizes solar panel to convert solar energy into electrical energy and is collected in storage battery.During summer, the electricity stored by storage battery is utilized to drive a compression-type refrigerating system to realize the comfortable environment of automotive interior.Meanwhile, the cold air of automotive interior is utilized to cool battery, to ensure the normal work of battery.During winter, utilize the refrigerant fluid of the electricity stored by storage battery to driving engine to heat, and the refrigerant fluid maintaining driving engine is in certain range of temperatures.This device well make use of the used heat in solar power and car running process, and solve air-conditioning power consumption in summer automobile batteries capacity in winter little, the problem of difficulty in starting, has extraordinary application prospect.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The Vehicular solar of Fig. 1 Winter-summer dual purpose of the present invention utilizes the structural representation of device;
The Vehicular solar of Fig. 2 Winter-summer dual purpose of the present invention utilizes device operating mode in summer schematic diagram;
The Vehicular solar of Fig. 3 Winter-summer dual purpose of the present invention utilizes device operating mode in winter schematic diagram;
The Vehicular solar of Fig. 4 Winter-summer dual purpose of the present invention utilizes the layout schematic diagram of the middle snake pipe of storage battery in device.
In above-mentioned accompanying drawing:
1, solar panel, 2, diode, 3, master cock, 4, solar power relay indicating light, 5, battery charge interface, 6, storage battery, 7, 25, battery discharging interface, 8, electromagnetic valve, 8 ', compartment cool air inlet, 8 ", automobile high-temperature tail gas entrance, 9, snakelike heat exchange tube road, 10, heat accumulating, 11, vaccum case, 12, cond, 13, master cock, 14, matching circuit, 15, compressor, 16, condenser, 17, flow regulating valve, 18, evaporator, 19, remote controller, 20, electromagnetic valve, 21, PLC, 22, data handler, 23, data acquisition instrument, 24, engine coolant, 26, heating rod.
Detailed description of the invention
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention proposes a kind of Winter-summer dual purpose type Vehicular solar and utilize device, this device is by solar panel 1, diode 2, master cock 3, solar power relay indicating light 4, battery charge interface 5, storage battery 6, battery discharging interface 7 and electric discharge interface 25, electromagnetic valve 8, snakelike heat exchange tube road 9, heat accumulating 10, vaccum case 11, cond 12, master cock 13, matching circuit 14, compressor 15, condenser 16, flow regulating valve 17, evaporator 18, remote controller 19, electromagnetic valve 20, PLC 21, data handler 22, data acquisition instrument 23, engine coolant 24, heating rod 26 forms.
Wherein on solar panel 1 Windshield that is arranged in car body or roof glass, there is solar energy photoelectric conversion array its inside, for solar power is converted to electric energy.For the ease of the control of chaufeur to system, master cock 3, relay indicating light 4 are all arranged in operator's compartment, and wherein master cock 3 can manually control and remote controller 18 Long-distance Control break-make.The cavity that vaccum case 11 surrounds is furnished with around storage battery 6, the heat accumulating 10 be made up of phase-change material is contained with in cavity, and snakelike heat exchange tube road 9 is buried in advance underground in cavity, for introducing the Cryogenic air of interior during this pipeline inherent summer, then introduce the tail gas of the high temperature that automobile discharges when winter.In the outside of phase-change material, be also furnished with vaccum case 11.
This device has two kinds of mode of operations, under summer mode of operation: storage battery 6 is connected with compression-type refrigerating system after being discharged by electric discharge interface 7 after overmatching circuit 14, and this system is by compressor 15, and condenser 16, flow regulating valve 17 and evaporator 18 form.The working medium that this refrigeration system adopts is R134a, R161 or mix refrigerant.Matching circuit is herein mainly in order to the output characteristic of matched batteries 6 and the input requirements of compressor 15.Its function mainly comprises the coupling of voltage, the coupling of electric current, the coupling etc. of frequency.When compressor 15 self does not have control and protection device, also should comprise compressor relay in this matching circuit to detect the fluctuation of three-phase electricity, the three phasevoltage in particularly compressor 15 unloading phase, can adopt existing product.
And under winter mode of operation, storage battery 6 is heated by electric discharge interface 25 pairs of heating rods 26.Meanwhile, the temperature of engine coolant 24 is also gathered by temperature acquisition instrument 23, when the temperature value collected is higher than 30 DEG C, disconnects the heater circuit of heating rod 26, stops heating refrigerant fluid.And when the temperature of refrigerant fluid is lower than 0 DEG C, reclose heating rod 26 heater circuit to raise the temperature of engine coolant 24.Because this heating rod 26 is arranged in engine coolant 24 temperature detection loop, therefore this device can maintain the temperature of engine coolant 24 in certain scope by actv..
Further illustrate the embody rule of technique scheme below, technique scheme be described further simultaneously:
Embodiment 1
During summer, solar radiation ability is comparatively strong, and its density of heat flow rate is also higher.Store by converting solar energy into electrical energy, and its actv. is used in the air regulation of automotive interior and temperature-fall period can save a large amount of energy, while improving vehicle energy saving effect, also can provide comfortable environment for compartment.The present embodiment illustrates that a kind of Winter-summer dual purpose type Vehicular solar proposed by the invention utilizes the embody rule of device mode of operation in summer.
As shown in Figure 2, solar energy impinges is on the solar panel 1 installed on car body, and through photoelectric conversion device, solar panel 1 converts solar energy into electrical energy, and by being stored in storage battery 6 with the one way circuit of diode 2.Storage battery 6 is connected with matching circuit 14 by electric discharge interface 7, and the electricity consumption requirement of matching circuit 14 match compressor 15 and the electric discharge of storage battery 6 connect 7 mouthfuls.After compressor 15 normally runs, the refrigerant vapor compression of the low-temp low-pressure that air suctiton inlet 15a sucks in by compressor 15 becomes the refrigerant gas of High Temperature High Pressure, after this gas enters condenser 16, carry out heat exchange with surrounding environment, become the refrigerant liquid of middle temperature high pressure.This liquid enters flow regulating valve 17 subsequently, becomes gas-liquid two-phase and enters evaporator 18, become gas at the refrigerant suction heat of evaporator 18 after experiencing an isenthalpic process, is sucked enter next circulation by the air suctiton inlet of compressor 15.
Meanwhile, because storage battery 6 can produce certain heat in the course of the work, if this heat can not scatter and disappear away timely, the work efficiency of storage battery 6 greatly can be reduced.Now the cold air of interior is introduced snakelike heat exchange tube road 9 through compartment cool air inlet 8 ' and electromagnetic valve 8, with cooling accumulator 6, phase-change material around storage battery 6 also can collect the cal val of battery, ensures that the temperature traverse in storage battery 6 is operationally little.
In order to better illustrate a kind of Winter-summer dual purpose type Vehicular solar that this invention proposes utilize device summer mode of operation validity and practicality, illustrate below by calculating: suppose that the radiant heat flux density of solar power during summer is 1000W/m
2, the face area of the solar panel 1 of automobile external is 1.5m
2, the efficiency of opto-electronic conversion is 20%.The energy that sun the subject of knowledge and the object of knowledge can provide is 300W.The charge capacity of storage battery 6 is 50AH.Internal resistance is 20m Ω, and charging valtage is 12V.The output voltage of storage battery 6 is the operating voltage of compressor 15, and the refrigerating capacity of compression-type refrigerating system is 2400W, COP value is 2.4.After this compression-type refrigerating system work, the temperature of the air in compartment is 20 DEG C.The coefficient of heat transfer total after air enters snakelike heat exchange tube road 9 and between battery is 30W/ (m
2k).The diameter being embedded in the snakelike heat exchange tube road 9 of heat accumulating inside is 8mm, and total length is 0.9m.The Outside Dimensions of storage battery 6 housing is 150mm × 250mm × 200mm.Due to the ambient temperature in summer higher (setting the temperature of battery ambient wall as 40 DEG C), therefore the heat storage capacity of phase-change material is deteriorated, and battery cal val in the course of the work is is mainly scattered and disappeared by the cooling of air.In addition, the specific heat capacity of battery is taken as 1000J/ (kgK), and the quality of battery is 12kg.When the temperature of battery is more than 55 DEG C, is disconnected by control circuit and stopping power supply.Then:
The total time utilizing solar panel 1 storage battery 6 to be full of electricity is:
Storage battery 6, after being full of electricity, can drive the time of compression-type refrigerating system to be:
Storage battery 6 is when normally working, and the cal val of internal resistance is:
Air in compartment due to ambient temperature higher, and its inside is a confined space, therefore supposes that the initial temperature of its inner air is 50 DEG C.In this case, its temperature is higher than the temperature of battery, and the starting stage therefore utilizing storage battery to drive refrigeration air-conditioner, do not utilize the cold air of interior to carry out precooling battery, now the net calorific power of battery is 138.9W.Suppose that the air in compartment is reduced to 35 degrees Celsius over the course of 15 mins, battery temperature is increased to 47 DEG C simultaneously.The heat exchange pipeline now again cold air being introduced battery cools storage battery, and Air flow to 28 DEG C in time interior compartment thereafter, battery temperature is increased to 55 degrees Celsius.Heat exchange amount in this process is:
q＝hA(Δt)＝30×π×0.008×0.9×19.5＝13.22W
Clean quantity of heat production then during storage battery driving compression system is:
Q'＝Q-q＝138.9-13.22＝125.78W
Due to the heating of storage battery self, battery temp is made from the time that 47 DEG C are elevated to required for 55 DEG C to be:
Therefore the air in compartment is reduced to 28 DEG C after 27.6min, and the temperature of battery is then elevated to 55 DEG C from 40 DEG C, and cut off, complete the precooling of interior air.This embodiment is in embody rule process, and can remote control equipment (RCE) be utilized to open mode of operation in summer by about 27.6min before preparation into the car, when entering in car, the air themperature in compartment be chilled to 28 DEG C in advance.Disconnect connecting of compacting air-conditioning system and this battery circuit subsequently, use automotive engine driving refrigerated air-conditioning system instead.
A kind of Winter-summer dual purpose type Vehicular solar that this invention proposes utilizes the main performance index of device under summer mode of operation to be summarized in shown in table 1.
This device main performance during table 1 operating mode in summer
Although the cooling-down effect that the sensible heat of phase-change material brings is not considered in above calculating, only relying on the precooling of air in 27.6min, to ensure that the temperature of storage battery is no more than 55 DEG C with regard to being enough to, the air themperature of interior being chilled to 28 DEG C in advance simultaneously.。Therefore this device propose a kind of Winter-summer dual purpose type Vehicular solar and utilize the work that device can be reliable and stable when summer, its serviceability meets the requirement to compartment traveling comfort.
Embodiment 2 mode of operation in winter diesel locomotive
As Fig. 3, during winter, because ambient temperature is lower, the temperature of automotive engine and the temperature of engine coolant 23 also lower, automobile starting now difficulty.Simultaneously because the charge capacity of storage battery 6 significantly reduces along with the decline of temperature, therefore now utilize the used heat of solar power and automobile to be stored by phase-change material, the temperature utilizing the heat of this part to improve automotive engine and storage battery 6 has very important significance.The present embodiment illustrates that a kind of Winter-summer dual purpose type Vehicular solar proposed by the invention utilizes the embody rule of device mode of operation in winter.
Solar energy impinges is on the solar panel 1 installed on car body, and through photoelectric conversion device, solar panel 1 converts solar energy into electrical energy, and by being stored in storage battery 6 with the one way circuit of diode 2.Storage battery 6 is connected with the heater circuit of heating rod 26 by electric discharge interface 25, and heater circuit is furnished with electromagnetic valve 20.Heating rod 26 is arranged in the coolant circuit of car engine car.In this loop, be also furnished with temperature acquisition instrument 23, the data that this instrument collects utilize the break-make of the electromagnetic valve 20 in PLC 21 control circui heating rod 26 heater circuit after being processed by data handler 22 simultaneously.When the temperature that temperature acquisition instrument 23 collects is higher than 30 DEG C, disconnects the heater circuit of heating rod 26, and when the temperature of temperature acquisition is lower than 0 DEG C, reclose the heater circuit of heating rod 26.
Simultaneously, due to when temperature is lower, now the capacity of storage battery 6 also significantly reduces, the efficiency of storage battery 6 in discharge process is also very low, and the normal work of this device must based on storage battery 6 normally work during winter, therefore the present invention arranges double-deck vaccum case 11, vaccum case 11 inside heat accumulating 10 abrim around storage battery 6, heat accumulating adopts phase-change material, and the normal working temperature of this phase-change material is 0 ~ 20 DEG C.In order to reduce the heat exchange between battery and external environment, be vacuum system in vaccum case 11.During work, by automobile high-temperature tail gas entrance 8 ", the high-temperature tail gas in engine operation process introduces in snakelike heat exchange tube road 9 by electromagnetic valve 8, phase-change material carried out to the input of heat.When inputting heat and reaching the maximum energy storage capacity of phase-change material, shut electromagnetic valve 8.Utilize the egress of heat that the energy storage capacity of phase-change material is in environment heat transfer process to make up storage battery 6, to ensure that its temperature is more than 0 DEG C.
In order to better illustrate a kind of Winter-summer dual purpose type Vehicular solar proposed by the invention utilize device winter mode of operation validity and practicality, below by calculating illustrate: suppose that the radiant heat flux density of solar power during winter is 400W/m
2, the face area of the solar panel 1 of automobile external is 1.5m
2, the efficiency of opto-electronic conversion is 20%.The energy that solar panel 1 can provide is 120W.If the voltage of charging accumulator 6 is 12V, its capacity is 50Ah.The quality of phase-change material is 3kg, and the latent heat of its phase transformation is 100kJ/kg.The diameter being embedded in the snakelike heat exchange tube road 9 of heat accumulating inside is 8mm, and total length is 0.6m.The Outside Dimensions of storage battery 6 housing is 150mm × 250mm × 200mm.Suppose that automotive exharst gas is after three grades of Catalyst process, when introducing heat accumulating, its temperature is 350 DEG C.The temperature of surrounding environment is-30 DEG C.Before automotive exharst gas is to phase-change material heating, its temperature is identical with ambient temperature, and stop preheating when the temperature of phase-change material is elevated to 30 DEG C by automotive exharst gas, when temperature starts preheating lower than when 0 DEG C, mean temperature difference is 335 DEG C.The quality of phase-change material is 3kg, and its latent heat of phase change is 100kJ/kg.Overall coefficient of heat transfer between automotive exharst gas and heat accumulating is taken as 30W/ (m
2k).Because external vacuum housing is vacuum insulation system, therefore main heat exchange amount is now radiation heat transfer, and the composite heat-exchange coefficient getting convection current and radiation heat transfer is 0.6W/ (m
2k).Then:
The time utilizing solar power storage battery 6 to be full of electricity under this operating mode is:
Heat exchange amount between waste gas and heat accumulating 9 is:
q
1＝hAΔt＝30×π×0.008×0.6×335＝151.47W
The energy of tail gas is utilized to be about the time required for phase-change material energy storage:
The heat exchange amount of this storage battery 6 casing and environment is:
q
2＝hA(t
g-t
∞)＝0.6×2×(0.15×0.25+0.15×0.2+0.25×0.2)×45＝6.36W
The ratio of heat exchange amount and storage battery 6 housing heat dissipation capacity that driving engine is supplied to phase-change material is:
Energy then stored by phase-change material can maintain the time of battery temp more than 0 DEG C and be:
t
1＝αt＝0.55h×23.81＝13.09h
As can be seen from above data, if the normal running time of automobile is more than 33min (0.55h).Phase-change material then in storage battery 6 housing just can reach maximum energy storage value.And when automobile is out of service, now there is no the tail gas preheating phase-change material of high temperature, now still can ensure in 785.4min (13.09h), ensure that the temperature of battery is more than 0 DEG C, namely can carry out charge and discharge process normally.
This device main performance during table 2 operating mode in winter
In addition, by by calculating, the present embodiment also illustrates that storage battery is full of electric its electricity stored later and enough maintains the time of the temperature of refrigerant fluid below: set the volume of engine coolant 24 as 4.5L,
Heat interchanging area is 0.17m
2.Its main component is ethylene glycol, and its specific heat is 2.6kJ/kg, and density is 1.08g/cm
3, quality is 4.86kg, and the convection transfer rate of refrigerant fluid casing and environment is 6W/ (m
2k).Ambient temperature is-30 DEG C, and the mean temperature difference of environment and refrigerant fluid is 45 DEG C.Then:
Engine coolant 23 with the heat exchange amount of environment is:
q＝hA(t
1-t
0)＝6×0.17×45＝45.9W
Engine coolant 24 drops to 0 DEG C from 30 DEG C, and institute's liberated heat (or being elevated to 30 DEG C of heats absorbed from 0 DEG C) is:
Q＝c
pmΔt＝2.6kJ/kg×4.86kg×30＝379.08kJ
Then due to the leakage heat of environment, from 30 DEG C of times cooled to required for 0 DEG C be:
The heat that can provide heating rod 26 during storage battery 6 full capacity is:
P＝UIt＝UQ＝12V×50A×3600s＝2160kJ
The energy of this part can be to the number of times that engine coolant 24 heats:
Then this storage battery 6 maintains the time of refrigerant fluid between 0 DEG C ~ 30 DEG C of driving engine and is:
t
0＝5.7×2.29h＝13.05h
Storage battery can heat 5.7 times by heating rod 26 pairs of engine coolants 24 after being full of electricity.Therefore the refrigerant fluid that the energy that storage battery 6 accumulates is enough to maintain driving engine is not less than 0 DEG C of more than 13h.As can be seen from above computation process, well can either maintain the temperature of engine coolant higher than 0 DEG C when a kind of Winter-summer dual purpose type Vehicular solar proposed by the invention utilizes during device mode of operation in winter, the temperature of battery also can be kept to be not less than 0 DEG C.
Claims (10)
1. Winter-summer dual purpose type Vehicular solar utilizes a device, comprises solar energy collection unit, and is connected the accumulator cell assembly being used for store electrical energy with solar energy collection unit, it is characterized in that, also comprises:
Automobile is carried out to the refrigeration unit of cooling;
Temperature controlled heating unit is carried out to automobile engine cooling liquid;
Described accumulator cell assembly is powered to described refrigeration unit and heating unit simultaneously.
2. Winter-summer dual purpose type Vehicular solar according to claim 1 utilizes device, it is characterized in that, also comprises:
Be enclosed in the housing of described accumulator cell assembly outside, between this housing and accumulator cell assembly, form the cavity of sealing;
Be filled in the heat accumulating in described cavity;
Be arranged on the heat exchanger tube in heat accumulating, this heat exchanger tube has the outlet and entrance of stretching out described housing.
3. Winter-summer dual purpose type Vehicular solar according to claim 2 utilizes device, it is characterized in that, described heat exchanger tube is around accumulator cell assembly snakelike heat exchange tube circumferentially.
4. the Winter-summer dual purpose type Vehicular solar according to Claims 2 or 3 utilizes device, it is characterized in that, described housing is the vaccum case of sandwich structure.
5. Winter-summer dual purpose type Vehicular solar according to claim 2 utilizes device, it is characterized in that, described solar energy collection unit comprises the solar panel for solar power being converted to electric energy; Described solar panel is by being connected with the charging inlet of described accumulator cell assembly with the one way circuit of master cock with diode.
6. Winter-summer dual purpose type Vehicular solar according to claim 5 utilizes device, and it is characterized in that, described master cock is arranged in operator's compartment.
7. Winter-summer dual purpose type Vehicular solar according to claim 5 utilizes device, it is characterized in that, also comprises and being connected between solar panel and accumulator cell assembly, and the solar power relay indicating light in parallel with described diode and master cock.
8. Winter-summer dual purpose type Vehicular solar according to claim 2 utilizes device, it is characterized in that, described refrigeration unit comprises for compression-type refrigerating system, and compression-type refrigerating system inner compressor is powered by described accumulator cell assembly.
9. Winter-summer dual purpose type Vehicular solar according to claim 2 utilizes device, and it is characterized in that, described heating unit comprises:
By the heating rod that described accumulator cell assembly is powered;
Be arranged on the electromagnetic valve in heating rod feed circuit;
Described engine coolant is carried out to the data acquisition instrument of temperature detection;
To the data handler that data acquisition instrument image data processes;
Receive data handler signal and the PLC that described electromagnetic valve is controlled.
10. Winter-summer dual purpose type Vehicular solar according to claim 9 utilizes device, it is characterized in that, also comprises:
Air in automobile bodies is delivered to the first branch road in heat exchanger tube;
The high-temperature tail gas of driving engine is delivered to the second branch road in heat exchanger tube;
Sensor, for detecting the temperature of engine coolant, and is transferred to PLC by this temperature signal;
Described PLC, according to the temperature signal received, controls conducting and the closedown of described first branch road and the second branch road.
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