CN115012060A - 一种高效电荷传输的高度连接纤维薄膜电极的制备方法 - Google Patents

一种高效电荷传输的高度连接纤维薄膜电极的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN115012060A
CN115012060A CN202210530496.8A CN202210530496A CN115012060A CN 115012060 A CN115012060 A CN 115012060A CN 202210530496 A CN202210530496 A CN 202210530496A CN 115012060 A CN115012060 A CN 115012060A
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spinning
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赖浩然
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Yangtze River Delta Research Institute of UESTC Huzhou
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Abstract

本发明涉及气纤维薄膜电极制作技术领域，尤其涉及一种高效电荷传输的高度连接纤维薄膜电极的制备方法，包括有如下步骤：将配置好的纺丝液在常温、相对湿度控制在30以下利用静电纺丝设备进行静电纺丝；通过纺丝工艺得到无纺布；将制备得亲水膨胀无纺布和亲有机膨胀无纺布分别浸渍适配得纳米级活性物质分散液，通过拉伸限制薄膜蒸发过程得收缩，经过干燥过程制备高度连接导电纤维薄膜；在s3步骤的基础上通过电泳、气相沉积或者碳化得到高度连接碳纤维薄膜电极，或者通过电镀以及化学镀的方法制备得到高度连接纤维薄膜电极，该高度连接纤维电极是制备高倍率储能、高效能电磁屏蔽以及高导热材料得优良导电集流体薄膜材料。

Description

一种高效电荷传输的高度连接纤维薄膜电极的制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及气纤维薄膜电极制作技术领域，尤其涉及一种高效电荷传输的高度连接纤维薄膜电极的制备方法。
背景技术
纳米纤维构成的多孔集流体如碳纤维布、碳纤维气凝胶、纤维素纤维气凝胶等，其较大的表面积使其成为活性物质的优良集流体或载体，然而其内部结构之间并未形成有效的导电通路，例如碳布，其导电纤维之间并未形成有效的连接，进而使得电子传输路径变长，其组装的储能器件变现为较低的倍率行为。高度连接的导电纤维网络具有快速传输电荷的，为了制备高度连接的纤维现有的技术有碳化高度连接纤维模版法和纤维外延生长技术，但这两种技术适用范围较窄、工艺复杂，很难用于大面积快速制备高度连接的导电纤维网络，为了解决上述问题，我们提供了一种高效电荷传输的高度连接纤维薄膜电极的制备方法。
发明内容
(一)要解决的技术问题
解决现有的技术有碳化高度连接纤维模版法和纤维外延生长技术，但这两种技术适用范围较窄、工艺复杂，很难用于大面积快速制备高度连接的导电纤维网络的问题，提供了一种高效电荷传输的高度连接纤维薄膜电极的制备方法。
(二)技术方案
本发明开发出亲水膨胀纤维和亲有机溶剂膨纤维，将纤维浸渍在导电物质分散液中，由于纤维的亲水或者亲有机溶剂的作用，纤维直径就会膨胀，直径膨胀带来长度的收缩，当固定薄膜自由收缩时，纤维直径膨胀和长度收缩带来的纤维拉直都会打破纤维之间空间距离的阻碍，加上纳米导电物质的附着，高度链接的纤维电极会在干燥过程后形成。该制备亲水膨胀和亲有机溶剂膨胀得纤维制备方法可适用于静电纺丝、熔融纺丝、离心纺丝以及微流控纺丝。以静电纺丝为例，亲水膨胀和亲有机溶剂纤维制备以及制备高度连接纤维电极的制备方案如下：
一种高效电荷传输的高度连接纤维薄膜电极的制备方法，包括有如下步骤：
s1、将配置好的纺丝液在常温、相对湿度控制在30以下利用静电纺丝设备进行静电纺丝；
s2、通过纺丝工艺得到无纺布；
s3、将制备得亲水膨胀无纺布和亲有机膨胀无纺布分别浸渍适配得纳米级活性物质分散液，通过拉伸限制薄膜蒸发过程引起的自由收缩，经过干燥过程制备高度连接导电纤维薄膜；
s4、在s3步骤的基础上通过电泳、气相沉积或者碳化得到高度连接碳纤维薄膜电极，或者通过电镀以及化学镀的方法制备得到高度连接纤维薄膜电极。
一种纺丝液的配置包括如下步骤：
s1、选择合适的高分子和膨胀添加剂的选择；
s2、按照亲水和亲有机溶剂的分别配置纺丝液；
s3、通过能否得到亲水或亲有机溶剂的纤维适当调整膨胀添加剂的浓度和种类。
作为优选的技术方案，纺丝液适用于微流控纺丝、熔融纺丝及离心纺丝。
作为优选的技术方案，熔融纺丝和离心纺丝将高分子和膨胀试剂加热到熔化状态惊醒纺丝。
作为优选的技术方案，活性物质分散液包括碳纳米管、导电高分子、二维层状材料。
作为优选的技术方案，无纺布其纤维直径几十纳米到几百纳米。
作为优选的技术方案，无纺布经过离心纺丝和喷容纺丝得纤维直径在几百纳米到几十微米之间。
(三)有益效果
本发明的有益效果在于：
1、本发明基于纤维内部驱动力，通过设计制备亲水膨胀纤维或者极性溶剂溶胀纤维，通过浸渍水水系或者极性溶剂使得纤维直径发生膨胀，同时限制纤维的纵向自由收缩，最终通过简单的浸渍干燥利用纤维内部驱动力实现高度连接纤维电极的制备，该方法具有适用范围广、制备工艺简单，可大面积制备的特点。
2、该高度连接纤维电极是制备高倍率储能、高效能电磁屏蔽以及高导热材料的优良导电薄膜材料。
3、该高度连接纤维电极是制备高倍率储能、高效能电磁屏蔽以及高导热材料得优良导电集流体薄膜材料。
4、利用高度连接纤维为模板可制备高度连接导电高分子纤维薄膜、高度连接的金属薄膜以及高度连接碳纤维薄膜以及复合纤维薄膜，可适用于不同场景。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为溶胀法制备高度连接纤维薄膜电极制备原理示意图；
图2为高度连接纤维薄膜截面示意图；
图3为高度连接薄膜电极快速传输电荷示意图；
具体实施方式
结合附图对本发明一种高效电荷传输的高度连接纤维薄膜电极的制备方法，做进一步说明，下面结合实施例对本发明作进一步详述：
一种高效电荷传输的高度连接纤维薄膜电极的制备方法，包括有如下步骤：
s1、将配置好的纺丝液在常温、相对湿度控制在30以下利用静电纺丝设备进行静电纺丝；
s2、通过纺丝工艺得到无纺布；
s3、将制备得亲水膨胀无纺布和亲有机膨胀无纺布分别浸渍适配得纳米级活性物质分散液，通过拉伸限制薄膜蒸发过程引起的自由收缩，经过干燥过程制备高度连接导电纤维薄膜；
s4、在s3步骤的基础上通过电泳、气相沉积或者碳化得到高度连接碳纤维薄膜电极，或者通过电镀以及化学镀的方法制备得到高度连接纤维薄膜电极。
需要说明的是，一种高效电荷传输的高度连接纤维薄膜电极的制备方法，纺丝液的配置包括如下步骤：
s1、选择合适的高分子和膨胀添加剂的选择；
s2、按照亲水和亲有机溶剂的分别配置纺丝液；
s3、通过能否得到亲水或亲有机溶剂的纤维适当调整膨胀添加剂的浓度和种类。
需要说明的是，亲水膨胀的高分子一般不溶于水，可以为聚氨酯(PU)，聚丙烯腈(PAN)，聚酰亚胺(PI)以及聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)等，亲水膨胀剂可为亲水较高的醇类、胺类以及羧酸小分子如甘油，也可为亲水高分子如纤维素、聚乙烯醇(PVA)，或聚环氧乙烷(PEO)等。亲有机溶剂的高分子不溶于膨胀剂可溶的的聚合物，其选择原则原理类似。
进一步的，纺丝液适用于微流控纺丝、熔融纺丝及离心纺丝。
进一步的，熔融纺丝和离心纺丝将高分子和膨胀试剂加热到熔化状态惊醒纺丝。
进一步的，活性物质分散液包括碳纳米管、导电高分子、二维层状材料，如MXenes、层状MoS2等。
进一步的，无纺布其纤维直径几十纳米到几百纳米。
进一步的，无纺布经过离心纺丝和喷容纺丝得纤维直径在几百纳米到几十微米之间。
上面的实施例仅仅是对本发明的优选实施方式进行描述，并非对本发明的构思和范围进行限定，在不脱离本发明设计构思的前提下，本领域普通人员对本发明的技术方案做出的各种变型和改进，均应落入到本发明的保护范围，本发明请求保护的技术内容，已经全部记载在权利要求书中。

Claims (7)

1.一种高效电荷传输的高度连接纤维薄膜电极的制备方法，其特征在于：包括有如下步骤：
s1、将配置好的纺丝液在常温、相对湿度控制在30以下利用静电纺丝设备进行静电纺丝；
s2、通过纺丝工艺得到无纺布；
s3、将制备得亲水膨胀无纺布和亲有机膨胀无纺布分别浸渍适配得纳米级活性物质分散液，通过拉伸限制薄膜蒸发过程引起的自由收缩，经过干燥过程制备高度连接导电纤维薄膜；
s4、在s3步骤的基础上通过电泳、气相沉积或者碳化得到高度连接碳纤维薄膜电极，或者通过电镀以及化学镀的方法制备得到高度连接纤维薄膜电极。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种高效电荷传输的高度连接纤维薄膜电极的制备方法，其特征在于：所述纺丝液的配置包括如下步骤：
s1、选择合适的高分子和膨胀添加剂的选择；
s2、按照亲水和亲有机溶剂的分别配置纺丝液；
s3、通过能否得到亲水或亲有机溶剂的纤维适当调整膨胀添加剂的浓度和种类。
3.如权利要求2所述的一种高效电荷传输的高度连接纤维薄膜电极的制备方法，其特征在于：所述纺丝液适用于微流控纺丝、熔融纺丝及离心纺丝。
4.如权利要求3所述的一种高效电荷传输的高度连接纤维薄膜电极的制备方法，其特征在于：所述熔融纺丝和离心纺丝将高分子和膨胀试剂加热到熔化状态惊醒纺丝。
5.如权利要求1所述的一种高效电荷传输的高度连接纤维薄膜电极的制备方法，其特征在于：所述活性物质分散液包括碳纳米管、导电高分子、二维层状材料。
6.如权利要求1所述的一种高效电荷传输的高度连接纤维薄膜电极的制备方法，其特征在于：所述无纺布其纤维直径几十纳米到几百纳米。
7.如权利要求6所述的一种高效电荷传输的高度连接纤维薄膜电极的制备方法，其特征在于：所述无纺布经过离心纺丝和喷容纺丝得纤维直径在几百纳米到几十微米之间。
CN202210530496.8A 2022-05-16 2022-05-16 一种高效电荷传输的高度连接纤维薄膜电极的制备方法 Pending CN115012060A (zh)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20140091033A1 (en) * 2012-04-18 2014-04-03 Tec One Co., Ltd. Carbon fiber material, carbon fiber material manufacturing method, and material containing the carbon fiber material

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US20140091033A1 (en) * 2012-04-18 2014-04-03 Tec One Co., Ltd. Carbon fiber material, carbon fiber material manufacturing method, and material containing the carbon fiber material

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