CN115011091A - 一种用于激光打标的聚乳酸组合物及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种用于激光打标的聚乳酸组合物及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
- C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
- C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
- C08K2003/2237—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals of titanium
- C08K2003/2241—Titanium dioxide
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
- Y02W90/10—Bio-packaging, e.g. packing containers made from renewable resources or bio-plastics
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- Thermal Transfer Or Thermal Recording In General (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种用于激光打标的聚乳酸组合物及其制备方法。该聚乳酸组合物包括聚乳酸树脂和激光打标剂,其中,按照重量百分比计算,所述激光打标剂的含量为0.05~20%,该聚乳酸组合物通过混合挤出造粒制备而成。本发明的聚乳酸组合物能够显著改善聚乳酸材料激光打标的清晰度,且其制备方法简单,适用于大规模生产。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于高分子材料技术领域,具体涉及一种用于激光打标的聚乳酸组合物及其制备方法。
背景技术
聚乳酸(PLA)是目前产业化最成熟、产量最大、应用最广泛的生物基和生物降解塑料之一。聚乳酸与传统石油基材料力学性能相当,其拉伸强度50MPa,弯曲强度90MPa,热变形温度55℃。聚乳酸具有原料来源丰富可再生、安全性强、生物相容性好和生物可降解性等诸多优点,在纺织业、装饰材料业、食品包装业、日常环保塑料制品、文体用具、医疗卫生、汽车、电子、家电、玩具等各个领域具有巨大应用前景。聚乳酸的原料乳酸可以通过玉米、木薯、秸秆等可再生生物质发酵而来,且使用后可以堆肥降解成二氧化碳和水,能够实现在自然界中的良好循环,缓解白色污染问题。
在塑料制品应用时,人们基于对产品标识、防伪等需要,通常要在材料表面进行标识。通常情况下,在树脂制品表面实施印刷的技术可以是油墨、涂料的压印,或是用激光在表面刻蚀。激光打标是利用高能量密度的激光对工件进行局部照射,使表层材料汽化或发生颜色变化的化学反应,从而留下永久性标记的一种打标方法,相对于其他印刷技术,激光打标更便宜、有效和持久。专利CN 101143958,用单层石墨烯片晶组成的单壁碳纳米管,在ABS中具有导热作用,使得激光标识时,能够清晰地进行标识。CN 106633764 A公开了一种含有石墨烯的激光标记添加剂及其制备方法与应用。但目前石墨烯价格高昂,且添加石墨烯后材料只能做成深色制品,限制了其应用。专利CN 1152911C公开了一种采用限定粒径的用氧化锡/锑涂覆的球形TiO2颗粒作为激光添加剂的方法,但是这种激光打标剂需要涂覆,制备方法繁琐。专利CN 103402693A公开了一种使用激光在制品的不止一层内产生标记来标记具有隔离层和粘合剂层的多层制品的方法。该方法需要制备多层制品,制备方法复杂。US 20020016394A1公开了一种可激光印表的组合物,其中包括热塑性聚酯,浅色颜料,激光助剂如反丁烯二酸铜、马来酸铜使得聚酯树脂在激光作用下分解已形成黑色印标,但该方法只能打出黑色印标。
目前,在聚乳酸材料表面进行激光标识鲜有研究,已有的聚乳酸材料激光标识还存在清晰度不够等缺陷。基于此,本发明在聚乳酸基础上添加合适的激光打标剂,能显著改善聚乳酸材料激光标识的清晰度,对提升聚乳酸材料的应用前景具有巨大的意义。
发明内容
针对常规聚乳酸材料激光标识清晰度不够的问题,本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种用于激光打标的聚乳酸组合物及其制备方法。该聚乳酸组合物能够显著改善聚乳酸材料激光打标的清晰度,且其制备方法简单,适用于大规模生产。
为解决以上技术问题,本发明采用的技术方案是,
一种用于激光打标的聚乳酸组合物,所述聚乳酸组合物包括聚乳酸树脂和激光打标剂,其中,按照重量百分比计算,所述激光打标剂的含量为0.05~20%。
进一步的,所述聚乳酸组合物还包括填充增强材料、其他高分子树脂、以及加工助剂中的一种或多种,按照重量百分比计算,各组分的具体含量为:
所述的各组分相加的重量百分比为100%。
优选的,所述的聚乳酸组合物,各组分具体含量如下:
进一步的,所述聚乳酸树脂为左旋聚乳酸、右旋聚乳酸或立构复合聚乳酸。
进一步的,所述激光打标剂为金属盐或金属氧化物。
优选的,所述金属盐为硫酸盐、硅酸盐、以及钛酸盐中一种或者两种以上;更优选的,所述金属盐为钛酸钾、硫酸镁、硅酸铝中一种或者两种以上。
优选的,所述金属氧化物为含锑、锡、铁、铜、钕、铋、钛中的一种或者两种以上;更优选的,所述金属氧化物为三氧化二锑、二氧化钛中一种或者两种。
进一步的,所述填充增强材料为碳纤维、E玻璃纤维、B玻璃纤维、聚芳酰胺纤维、硅灰石纤维、陶瓷纤维、碳化硅晶须、二氧化硅、氧化硅、二氧化钛、滑石、硅灰石、硅藻土、蒙脱土、粘土、球状玻璃、云母、纤维素、半纤维素、木质素、淀粉、石膏、氧化铁、氧化镁和氧化锌中的任意一种或几种的混合物。
进一步的,所述其他高分子树脂为聚己内酯、聚乙二酸丁二醇酯、聚丁二酸丁二醇酯、聚己二酸对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯、聚乙醇酸、羟甲基糠醛、聚羟基丙酸、聚对苯二甲酸对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯、聚乙烯、聚氯乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚酰胺和聚碳酸酯中的任意一种或几种的混合物。
进一步的,所述加工助剂为增韧剂、相容剂、冲击改性剂、抗静电剂、紫外吸收剂、着色剂、抗氧剂、脱模剂、热稳定剂、光稳定剂、抗水解剂、阻燃剂、润滑剂、成核剂、酯交换抑制剂、开口剂、界面改性剂、塑化剂和扩链剂中的任意一种或几种的混合物。
本发明还提供一种所述的用于激光打标的聚乳酸组合物的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)将原料中的树脂连同其他各组分混合而得到预混物;所述树脂为经干燥处理后的树脂;
(2)将预混物经螺杆挤出机挤出造粒。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果主要体现在:
1、本发明通过在聚乳酸材料中添加激光打标剂,能够显著改善聚乳酸激光打标的清晰度。
2、本发明的聚乳酸组合物能够同时适用于单一聚乳酸基体和聚乳酸与其他树脂的混合物基体,适用性广。
3、本发明的用于激光打标的聚乳酸组合物的制备方法简单易得,适用于大规模生产。
具体实施方式
以下将对本发明作进一步的描述,需要说明的是,本实施例以本技术方案为前提,给出了详细的实施方式和具体的操作过程,但本发明的保护范围并不限于本实施例。
实施例1
一种用于激光打标的聚乳酸组合物,该聚乳酸组合物的组成为左旋聚乳酸树脂78.5g、激光打标剂钛酸钾20g、加工助剂增韧剂1g、加工助剂润滑剂0.5g。经过干燥处理;将上述成分混合后得到预混物,将预混物经螺杆挤出机挤出造粒得到所述聚乳酸组合物。
对比例1
相较与实施例1未添加激光打标剂钛酸钾,左旋聚乳酸树脂98.5g,其余组成和制备方法相同。
实施例2-8、对比例2-8的制备方法与实施例1相同,具体组成配比列于表1中。
关于实施例1-8、对比例1-8组成的进一步说明:
其他高分子树脂为:PBAT和/或PBS;所述其他高分子树脂经过干燥处理;
填充增强材料为:滑石粉和/或淀粉;
加工助剂为:润滑剂和/或增韧剂;增韧剂为巴斯夫ADR4300;润滑剂为:PETS。
实施例9
利用实施例1-8和对比例1-8制备得到的聚乳酸组合物通过注塑机制备成薄片后,用红外打标机进行激光打标实验,功率为12W,打标速度为1200mm/分钟。
对实施例1-8和对比例1-8的打标清晰度进行评价,评价等级分为:清晰、模糊、难打标三类,结果一并列于表1中。
表1实施例1-8和对比例1-8的聚乳酸组合物组成配比以及激光打标结果
从上表可知,添加适当的激光打标剂,可以使聚乳酸组合物从难以打标实现标记清晰度的提升。
以上所述的实施例只是本发明的一种较佳的方案,并非对本发明作任何形式上的限制,在不超出权利要求所记载的技术方案的前提下还有其它的变体及改型。
Claims (10)
1.一种用于激光打标的聚乳酸组合物,其特征在于,所述聚乳酸组合物包括聚乳酸树脂和激光打标剂,其中,按照重量百分比计算,所述激光打标剂的含量为0.05~20%。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种用于激光打标的聚乳酸组合物,其特征在于,所述聚乳酸组合物还包括填充增强材料、其他高分子树脂、以及加工助剂中的一种或多种,按照重量百分比计算,各组分的具体含量为:
聚乳酸树脂30~99.95%;
激光打标剂0.05~20%;
填充增强材料0~50%;
其他高分子树脂0~40%;
加工助剂0~20%;
所述的各组分相加的重量百分比为100%。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种用于激光打标的聚乳酸组合物,其特征在于,所述的聚乳酸组合物,各组分具体含量如下:
聚乳酸树脂45~85%;
激光打标剂0.1~10%;
填充增强材料5~30%;
其他高分子树脂0~20%;
加工助剂0.5~5%。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种用于激光打标的聚乳酸组合物,其特征在于,所述聚乳酸树脂为左旋聚乳酸、右旋聚乳酸或立构复合聚乳酸。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种用于激光打标的聚乳酸组合物,其特征在于,所述激光打标剂为金属盐或金属氧化物。
6.根据权利要求5所述的一种用于激光打标的聚乳酸组合物,其特征在于,所述金属盐为硫酸盐、硅酸盐、以及钛酸盐中一种或者两种以上;所述金属氧化物为含锑、锡、铁、铜、钕、铋、钛中的一种或者两种以上。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种用于激光打标的聚乳酸组合物,其特征在于,所述填充增强材料为碳纤维、E玻璃纤维、B玻璃纤维、聚芳酰胺纤维、硅灰石纤维、陶瓷纤维、碳化硅晶须、二氧化硅、氧化硅、二氧化钛、滑石、硅灰石、硅藻土、蒙脱土、粘土、球状玻璃、云母、纤维素、半纤维素、木质素、淀粉、石膏、氧化铁、氧化镁和氧化锌中的任意一种或几种的混合物。
8.根据权利要求1所述的一种用于激光打标的聚乳酸组合物,其特征在于,所述其他高分子树脂为聚己内酯、聚乙二酸丁二醇酯、聚丁二酸丁二醇酯、聚己二酸对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯、聚乙醇酸、羟甲基糠醛、聚羟基丙酸、聚对苯二甲酸对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯、聚乙烯、聚氯乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚酰胺和聚碳酸酯中的任意一种或几种的混合物。
9.根据权利要求1所述的一种用于激光打标的聚乳酸组合物,其特征在于,所述加工助剂为增韧剂、相容剂、冲击改性剂、抗静电剂、紫外吸收剂、着色剂、抗氧剂、脱模剂、热稳定剂、光稳定剂、抗水解剂、阻燃剂、润滑剂、成核剂、酯交换抑制剂、开口剂、界面改性剂、塑化剂和扩链剂中的任意一种或几种的混合物。
10.一种如权利要求1-9任一项所述的用于激光打标的聚乳酸组合物的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(1)将原料中的树脂连同其他各组分混合而得到预混物;所述树脂为经干燥处理后的树脂;
(2)将预混物经螺杆挤出机挤出造粒。
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