CN115005058B - Three-dimensional compound planting irrigation system - Google Patents

Three-dimensional compound planting irrigation system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115005058B
CN115005058B CN202210742876.8A CN202210742876A CN115005058B CN 115005058 B CN115005058 B CN 115005058B CN 202210742876 A CN202210742876 A CN 202210742876A CN 115005058 B CN115005058 B CN 115005058B
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China
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water
cavity
pipe body
magnet
pressure
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CN115005058A (en
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任长江
张红梅
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Nanchang Institute of Technology
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Nanchang Institute of Technology
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Priority to NL2034117A priority patent/NL2034117B1/en
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G25/00—Watering gardens, fields, sports grounds or the like
    • A01G25/02—Watering arrangements located above the soil which make use of perforated pipe-lines or pipe-lines with dispensing fittings, e.g. for drip irrigation
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G29/00—Root feeders; Injecting fertilisers into the roots
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/22—Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Water Treatment By Electricity Or Magnetism (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a three-dimensional composite planting and irrigating system, which comprises a shallow layer irrigating device, a middle layer irrigating device and a deep layer irrigating device, wherein the shallow layer irrigating device comprises a high-pressure converter, and a water outlet of the high-pressure converter is communicated with a water spraying piece; the middle layer watering device is arranged below the shallow layer watering device and comprises a middle pressure converter, a water inlet of the middle pressure converter is communicated with a water supply pipe, and a water outlet of the middle pressure converter is communicated with a water dropping piece; the deep layer irrigation device is arranged below the middle layer irrigation device, the deep layer irrigation device comprises a low-pressure converter, a water inlet of the low-pressure converter is communicated with a water supply pipe, and a water outlet of the low-pressure converter is communicated with a water seepage part.

Description

Three-dimensional compound planting irrigation system
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural irrigation, in particular to a three-dimensional composite planting and irrigation system.
Background
The composite planting refers to planting two or more plants together in a sleeved mode, wherein in the composite planting mode, a fruit-agricultural-vegetable composite planting mode is widely applied in recent years, and fruit trees, crops and vegetables are organically combined in the fruit-agricultural-vegetable planting mode, so that surface evaporation can be reduced, soil organic matters, microbial communities and enzyme activity are increased, and land productivity and water resource utilization rate are improved. Compared with single planting, the fruit-pesticide-vegetable composite can store water and preserve soil moisture and prevent and treat soil erosion while obtaining larger output and benefit.
In the fruit-agricultural-vegetable composite planting mode, the root systems of fruit trees, crops and vegetables are positioned in soil layers with different depths, obvious space difference exists among the root systems of different layers when moisture is absorbed, and in addition, the root systems of the crops and the fruit trees have larger difference in irrigation quantity and irrigation time. The irrigation objects of the existing irrigation parts are always limited to single deep roots or shallow roots, and for the fruit-agricultural-vegetable composite planting modes, single irrigation modes such as drip irrigation, micro-spray irrigation and the like are easy to cause water shortage of the deep roots or the shallow roots, so that water stress is caused.
The irrigation objects of the existing irrigation parts are always limited to single deep roots or shallow roots, irrigation space layering property and irrigation time difference exist in the irrigation process of fruit trees, crops and vegetables aiming at a composite planting mode, and the traditional single irrigation mode is difficult to simultaneously realize irrigation of the deep roots of the fruit trees and the shallow roots of interplanted crops.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problem that the traditional single irrigation mode is difficult to simultaneously realize irrigation of deep roots of fruit trees and shallow roots of interplanted crops, and provides a three-dimensional composite planting and irrigation system.
The invention provides a three-dimensional composite planting and irrigation system, which comprises a water supply pipe and further comprises:
the water inlet of the high-pressure converter is communicated with the water supply pipe;
the water spraying piece is provided with a water inlet communicated with a water outlet of a high-pressure converter, and the high-pressure converter is used for supplying high-pressure water in a water supply pipe to the water spraying piece;
The water inlet of the low-pressure converter is communicated with the water supply pipe;
the water seepage piece is arranged below the water spraying piece, the water inlet of the water seepage piece is communicated with the water outlet of the low-pressure converter, and the low-pressure converter is used for supplying low-pressure water in the water supply pipe to the water seepage piece.
Preferably, the device further comprises a medium-voltage converter, wherein the water inlet of the medium-voltage converter is communicated with the water supply pipe; the water dripping piece is arranged between the water spraying piece and the water seepage piece, the water inlet of the water dripping piece is communicated with the water outlet of the medium-pressure converter, and the medium-pressure converter is used for supplying medium-pressure water in the water supply pipe to the water dripping piece.
Preferably, the high voltage converter includes:
A first housing, comprising: the cylinder is internally provided with a first cavity, the bottom of the first cavity is provided with a second cavity, the diameter of the second cavity is smaller than that of the first cavity, the bottom of the cylinder is provided with a water inlet communicated with the inside of the second cavity, and the top of the cylinder is provided with a water outlet communicated with the inside of the first cavity; the first magnet is fixedly arranged on the inner top wall of the first cavity;
high pressure end cap sets up in the inside of first casing, and it includes:
The first baffle is arranged in the first cavity, and the diameter of the first baffle is smaller than that of the first cavity and larger than that of the second cavity;
The first pipe body is arranged in the first cavity, the lower end of the first pipe body is fixedly connected with the top of the first baffle, the upper end of the first pipe body is fixedly provided with a second magnet which repels the first magnet, the peripheral surface of the first pipe body is provided with a water permeable hole, and the upper end of the first pipe body is provided with a water permeable hole which is communicated with the water outlet and the first pipe body;
The second pipe body is arranged in the second cavity in a sliding way, the outer diameter of the second pipe body is matched with the inner diameter of the second cavity, the upper end of the second pipe body is fixedly connected with the bottom of the first baffle, and the peripheral surface of the second pipe body is provided with a water permeable hole.
Preferably, the medium voltage converter comprises:
the second shell is identical to the first shell in structure;
the middling pressure end cap sets up in the inside of second casing, and it includes:
The second baffle is arranged in the first cavity, and the diameter of the second baffle is smaller than that of the first cavity and larger than that of the second cavity;
The third pipe body is arranged in the second cavity in a sliding way, the outer diameter of the third pipe body is matched with the inner diameter of the second cavity, the upper end of the third pipe body is fixedly connected with the bottom of the second baffle, and the outer peripheral surface of the third pipe body is provided with a water permeable hole;
The third magnet is fixedly arranged at the top of the second baffle plate and is repelled with the first magnet;
the first elastic block is fixedly arranged at the top of the third magnet and used for blocking the water outlet.
Preferably, the low voltage converter includes:
The third shell is the same as the first shell in structure;
the low pressure end cap sets up in the inside of third casing, and it includes:
the third baffle is arranged in the first cavity, and the diameter of the third baffle is smaller than that of the first cavity and larger than that of the second cavity;
The fourth pipe body is arranged in the first cavity, the lower end of the fourth pipe body is fixedly connected with the top of the third baffle, the upper end of the fourth pipe body is fixedly provided with a fourth magnet which is repelled with the first magnet, and the peripheral surface of the fourth pipe body is provided with a water permeable hole;
The fifth pipe body is arranged in the second cavity in a sliding way, the outer diameter of the fifth pipe body is matched with the inner diameter of the second cavity, and the upper end of the fifth pipe body is fixedly connected with the bottom of the second baffle;
the second elastic block is fixedly arranged at the top of the fourth magnet and is used for blocking the water outlet;
and the third baffle is provided with a water permeable hole communicated with the fourth pipe body and the fifth pipe body.
Preferably, the water spraying piece comprises a spray head, and a water inlet of the spray head is communicated with a water outlet of the high-pressure converter.
Preferably, the water dropping piece comprises a water dropping pipe, and a water inlet of the water dropping pipe is communicated with a water outlet of the medium-voltage converter.
Preferably, the water seepage piece comprises a water seepage pipe, and a water inlet of the water seepage pipe is communicated with a water outlet of the low-pressure converter.
Preferably, the first magnet and the second magnet are ring magnets.
Preferably, a third elastic block is arranged at the top of the second magnet, the lower end of the third elastic block is fixedly connected with the second magnet, and the diameter of the outer peripheral surface of the third elastic block is matched with the inner diameter of the water outlet.
Compared with the prior art, the three-dimensional composite planting and irrigating system provided by the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. The three-dimensional composite planting and irrigation system integrates sprinkling irrigation, infiltrating irrigation and the like, can simultaneously realize irrigation of deep roots of fruit trees and shallow roots of interplanted crops, is simple to operate and wide in application range, saves the pipeline laying cost, and greatly improves the irrigation efficiency.
2. According to the invention, the magnet is used for replacing the metal spring as a pressure conduction member, the pipeline pressure is transmitted to the elastic block in a non-contact mode, so that the opening/closing adjustment of the water outlet of the converter is realized, the ferrite magnet or the neodymium-iron-boron magnet has the functions of pressure resistance and acid-base resistance, rust is not easy to occur, and compared with the mode of adjusting the opening/closing of the water outlet elastic block in a metal spring mode, the mode prolongs the service life of the converter, and the pressure adjusting range is wide.
3. According to the invention, the water flow mainly flows through the middle gap of the plug, the diameter of the plug is slightly smaller than that of the second cavity of the converter, and the plug can move smoothly in the second cavity of the converter.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional composite planting irrigation system according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 (a) is a schematic view of a sprinkler according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 (b) is a schematic view of a drip member according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 (c) is a schematic view of the water permeable member according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 (a) is a schematic view of a low pressure plug according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 (b) is a schematic diagram of a medium voltage plug according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 (c) is a schematic view of a high pressure plug according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a first housing according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 (a) is a schematic diagram illustrating a first use state of the low voltage converter according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 (b) is a schematic diagram illustrating a second use state of the low voltage converter according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 (a) is a schematic diagram illustrating a first use state of the medium voltage converter according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 (b) is a schematic diagram illustrating a second use state of the medium voltage converter according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 (c) is a schematic diagram illustrating a third use state of the medium voltage converter according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 (a) is a schematic diagram illustrating a first use state of the high voltage converter according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 (b) is a schematic diagram illustrating a second use state of the high voltage converter according to the present invention;
Fig. 7 (c) is a schematic diagram illustrating a third use state of the high-voltage converter according to the present invention.
Reference numerals illustrate:
1. A water supply pipe; 2. a high voltage converter; 201. a water spraying member; 202. a first baffle; 203. a second tube body; 204. a second magnet; 205. a first tube body; 206. a third elastic block; 207. a first cavity; 208. a second cavity; 209. a first magnet; 210. a first housing; 211. a water outlet pipe; 212. a nipple; 3. a medium voltage converter; 301. a water dropping member; 302. a second baffle; 303. a third tube body; 304. a third magnet; 305. a first elastic block; 4. a low voltage converter; 401. a water seepage member; 402. a third baffle; 403. a fifth pipe body; 404. a fourth magnet; 405. a fourth pipe body; 406. and a second elastic block.
Detailed Description
Specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to fig. 1 to 7, but it should be understood that the scope of the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments.
It should be noted that: the invention relates to a three-dimensional composite planting and irrigation system, and irrigation objects are fruit trees, crops and vegetables. The position A shown in figure 1 represents a fruit tree, which can be an apple tree, a peach tree, a citrus tree, a loquat tree, a waxberry tree, a litchi tree, a longan tree, a banana tree, a pineapple tree, a grape tree, a persimmon tree, a pear tree, a kiwi tree and a jujube tree; the crop represented at B in fig. 1 may be wheat, barley, rye, oat, corn, sorghum, millet, cotton, beans, potato, highland barley, fava beans, etc.; the vegetable C shown in FIG. 1 is selected from radix Raphani, chinese cabbage, herba Apii Graveolentis, folium Allii tuberosi, bulbus Allii, herba Alii Fistulosi, radix Dauci Sativae, fructus Benincasae, flos Nelumbinis, jerusalem artichoke, semen Canavaliae, herba Coriandri, caulis et folium Lactucae Sativae, daylily, capsici fructus, fructus Cucumidis Sativi, fructus Lycopersici Esculenti, herba Coriandri, etc. The invention does not limit fruit trees, crops and vegetables.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the three-dimensional composite planting and irrigating system provided by the invention comprises a water supply pipe 1, a shallow layer irrigating device for irrigating shallow layer root systems and a deep layer irrigating device for irrigating deep layer root systems.
The shallow water filling device comprises a high-pressure converter 2, wherein a water inlet of the high-pressure converter 2 is communicated with a water supply pipe 1, a water outlet of the high-pressure converter 2 is communicated with a water spraying piece 201, the high-pressure converter 2 is used for supplying high-pressure water in the water supply pipe 1 to the water spraying piece 201, and the water spraying piece 201 selects a spray head;
The deep water filling device is arranged below the shallow water filling device and comprises a low-pressure converter 4, a water inlet of the low-pressure converter 4 is communicated with the water supply pipe 1, a water outlet of the low-pressure converter 4 is communicated with a water seepage piece 401, the low-pressure converter 4 is used for supplying low-pressure water in the water supply pipe 1 to the water seepage piece 401, and the water seepage piece 401 selects a water seepage pipe.
Through setting up shallow layer watering device and deep watering device, can give consideration to the irrigation of the dark root of fruit tree and interplanted crop shallow root simultaneously.
In order to further increase the multi-stage irrigation mode, the device also comprises a middle-layer irrigation device which is arranged between the shallow-layer irrigation device and the deep-layer irrigation device, and the device comprises a medium-pressure converter 3, wherein a water inlet of the medium-pressure converter 3 is communicated with a water supply pipe 1, a water outlet of the medium-pressure converter 3 is communicated with a water dropping piece 301, and the water dropping piece 301 is a water dropping pipe.
When in use, a user divides the root system water absorption area into a shallow root system, a middle root system and a deep root system shown in the figure 1 according to the main water absorption areas of the root systems of fruit trees, crops and vegetables from top to bottom. Then the spray head shown in the figure 2 (a), the drip pipe shown in the figure 2 (b) and the water seepage pipe shown in the figure 2 (c) are respectively placed at the corresponding heights. The number is according to the fruit tree the row spacing and plant spacing of crops and vegetables are reasonably arranged. In the present invention, the water inlets of the irrigation members of fig. 2 (a), 2 (b) and 2 (c) may be directly connected to the water outlets of the corresponding pressure converters, in which case a larger number of pressure converters are required; the irrigation members of fig. 2 (a), 2 (b) and 2 (c) may be connected to the capillary tube or branch tube of the water supply pipe 1, and only the pressure converters on the capillary tube or branch tube are needed, so that the water supply control of the whole irrigation system can be completed theoretically only by three pressure converters.
As shown in fig. 7, in the present embodiment, the high-voltage converter 2 includes a first housing 210, and a high-voltage plug, and as shown in fig. 4, the first housing 210 includes: a column; a first cavity 207 formed inside the column; the second cavity 208 is formed at the bottom of the first cavity 207, the diameter of the second cavity 208 is smaller than that of the first cavity 207, and the first cavity 207 is communicated with the second cavity 208; the first magnet 209 is fixedly arranged on the inner top wall of the first cavity 207; the bottom of the column is provided with a water inlet communicated with the interior of the second cavity 208, the water inlet is connected with a screwed pipe 212, the top of the column is provided with a water outlet communicated with the interior of the first cavity 207, the water outlet is connected with a water outlet pipe 211, and in order not to block the water outlet of the water outlet, the first magnet 209 is provided as a ring magnet;
The high-pressure bulkhead is provided inside the first case 210, as shown in fig. 3 (c), and includes: a first baffle 202 disposed inside the first cavity 207, the diameter of which is smaller than the diameter of the first cavity 207 and larger than the diameter of the second cavity 208; the first pipe body 205 is arranged in the first cavity 207, the lower end of the first pipe body is fixedly connected with the top of the first baffle 202, the upper end of the first pipe body is fixedly provided with a second magnet 204 which repels the first magnet 209, the peripheral surface of the first pipe body 205 is provided with a water permeable hole, and the upper end of the first pipe body 205 is provided with a water permeable hole which is communicated with the water outlet and the first pipe body 205; the second pipe 203 is slidably disposed in the second cavity 208, and has an outer diameter matching with an inner diameter of the second cavity 208, an upper end fixedly connected to the bottom of the first baffle 202, and a circumferential surface provided with water permeable holes.
In order to enable the upper end of the first pipe body 205 to be communicated with the water outlet, the second magnet 204 is also arranged as an annular magnet, an annular third elastic block 206 is arranged at the top of the second magnet 204, the lower end of the third elastic block 206 is fixedly connected with the second magnet 204, and the diameter of the outer peripheral surface of the third elastic block 206 is matched with the inner diameter of the water outlet.
When the first baffle 202 is pushed by water pressure to move upwards, the water permeable holes on the peripheral surface of the second pipe body 203 move out of the second cavity 208 and are communicated with the first cavity 207.
Principle of operation of the present embodiment
Let x be the distance between the two magnets in the first cavity 207; the repulsive force between the two magnets is RF (Repulsive force), and the upper limit of the pressure during low-pressure operation is LP (Lower pressure).
When the elastic block is completely attached to the top water outlet groove of the first cavity 207 in fig. 4, the distance between the two magnets in the first cavity 207 is denoted as L, and the repulsive force reaches the maximum, denoted as RF max; when the baffle is completely attached to the bottom plate of the first cavity 207 in fig. 4, the distance between the two magnets is S, and the repulsive force is minimized, which is denoted as RF min; the pipeline water pressure is h, and the gravitational acceleration constant is g.
The repulsive force between the two magnets in the first cavity 207 satisfies the following formula:
When the elastic block is completely attached to the top water outlet groove in the first cavity 207, the repulsive force between two adjacent magnets reaches the maximum, and the maximum repulsive force is:
When the baffle is completely attached to the inner bottom surface of the first cavity 207, the repulsive force between the two magnets in the first cavity 207 reaches the minimum, and the minimum repulsive force is:
In the above formula, K, b, c are respectively a repulsive force coefficient, an exponent, and a constant, RF max is a maximum repulsive force, and RF min is a minimum repulsive force.
High pressure-spray irrigation mode:
① When the line water pressure h is less than the sum of the repulsive force RF min and the high-pressure plug mass M 3 ×g of fig. 3 (c), i.e., h < RF min+M3 ×g:
As shown in fig. 7 (c), the first baffle 202 is closely attached to the bottom surface of the first cavity 207, and at this time, the water flow in the second cavity 208 cannot enter the first cavity 207 through the first baffle 202, the water flow channel is closed, and the water supply is stopped.
② When the line water pressure h is greater than RF min+M1 ×g and less than RF max+M1 ×g, i.e. RF min+M1*g<h<RFmax+M1 ×g (L < x < S):
As shown in fig. 7 (a), the water pressure pushes the first baffle 202 upward, the water flows through the water permeable holes on the peripheral surface of the second pipe 203 into the first cavity 207, the water flows from both sides of the first baffle 202 into the upper part of the first baffle 202 in the first cavity 207, and then the water flows into two water flows: one water stream passes through the water permeable hole at the upper end of one baffle plate 202 and flows out of the water outlet, and the other water stream bypasses the gap between the third elastic block 206 and the top wall of the first cavity 207 and flows out of the water outlet.
As the pressure increases, the distance x between the first magnet 209 and the second magnet 204 decreases, and the cross-sectional area of the water decreases, so the water outlet flow decreases.
③ When the line water pressure h is greater than the sum of the repulsive force RF max and the high-pressure plug mass M 1 ×g of fig. 3 (c), i.e., h > RF max+M1 ×g:
As shown in fig. 7 (b), the third elastic block 206 is completely attached to the top water outlet of the first cavity 207 at the position of the groove, and at this time, water can only enter the water permeable hole on the upper side of the first baffle 202 from the water permeable hole on the peripheral surface of the second pipe 203 on the lower side of the first baffle 202, and then flows out from the water outlet through the water permeable hole on the top of the first pipe 205, at this time, the water flow section is unchanged, and the water outlet flow is stable.
Example 2
In this embodiment, unlike the above embodiment, when the middle layer root system needs to be irrigated, the automatic conversion of the irrigation area is realized by the medium-voltage converter, as shown in fig. 6, where the medium-voltage converter includes a second housing 310 and a medium-voltage plug, and the second housing 310 has the same structure as the first housing 210;
The medium-pressure plug is disposed inside the second housing 310, as shown in fig. 3 (b), and the medium-pressure plug includes a second baffle 302 disposed inside the first cavity 207, the diameter of the second baffle 302 being smaller than the diameter of the first cavity 207 and larger than the diameter of the second cavity 208; the third pipe 303 is slidably arranged in the second cavity 208, the outer diameter of the third pipe is matched with the inner diameter of the second cavity 208, the upper end of the third pipe is fixedly connected with the bottom of the second baffle 302, and the outer circumferential surface of the third pipe is provided with a water permeable hole; the third magnet 304 is fixedly arranged on the top of the second baffle 302 and is repelled with the first magnet 209; the first elastic block 305 is fixedly arranged on the top of the third magnet 304, and when the second baffle 302 moves up to the top, the first elastic block 305 is used for blocking the water outlet.
Principle of operation of the present embodiment
Note that M 2 is the mass of the medium pressure choke of fig. 3 (b), RF max is the maximum repulsive force between the two magnets in the first cavity 207, and RF min is the minimum repulsive force between the magnets; when the elastic block is completely attached to the top water outlet groove of the first cavity 207 in fig. 4, the distance between the two magnets in the first cavity 207 is L; when the baffle is completely attached to the bottom plate of the first cavity 207 in fig. 4, the distance between the two magnets is S; g is a gravitational acceleration constant.
Medium pressure-drip irrigation mode:
① When the line water pressure h is less than RF min+M2 ×g, i.e. h < RF min+M2 ×g:
As shown in fig. 6 (b), the second baffle 302 is tightly attached to the lower bottom surface of the first cavity 207, and since the water permeable holes on the peripheral surface of the third pipe 303 are located below the second baffle 302, water cannot enter the first cavity 207 from the third pipe 303, and the water flow channel is closed, and water supply is stopped.
② When the line water pressure h is greater than M 2 ×g and less than RF max+M2 ×g, i.e., RF min+M2*g<h<RFmax+M2 ×g (L < x < S):
at this time, as shown in fig. 6 (a), the second baffle 302 is pushed upward by the water pressure, and the water flows into the first chamber 207 through the water permeable holes on the circumferential surface of the third pipe 303 and then flows out of the water outlet.
As the pressure increases, the distance x between the first magnet 209 and the second magnet 204 decreases, and the cross-sectional area of the water decreases, so the water outlet flow decreases.
③ When the line water pressure h is greater than the sum of RF max+M2 ×g, i.e. h > RF max+M2 ×g:
As shown in fig. 6 (c), the water pressure pushes the second baffle 302 to move upwards, and the first elastic block 305 is completely stuck to the groove position of the water outlet at the top of the first cavity 207, at this time, the water flow channel is closed, and the water supply is stopped.
Example 3
In this embodiment, unlike the above embodiment, when irrigation of the deep root system is required, low-pressure water is required to be supplied to the water seepage pipe through the low-pressure transducer, as shown in fig. 5, the low-pressure transducer includes a third housing 410, a low-pressure plug: the third casing 410 has the same structure as the first casing 210;
The low-pressure stopper is provided inside the third case 410, as shown in fig. 3 (a), and includes: a third baffle 402 disposed within the first cavity 207, the third baffle 402 having a diameter smaller than the diameter of the first cavity 207 and larger than the diameter of the second cavity 208; the fourth pipe body 405 is arranged in the first cavity 207, the lower end of the fourth pipe body 405 is fixedly connected with the top of the third baffle 402, the upper end of the fourth pipe body is fixedly provided with a fourth magnet 404 which is repulsed from the first magnet 209, and the peripheral surface of the fourth pipe body 405 is provided with a water permeable hole; the fifth pipe body 403 is slidably disposed in the second cavity 208, and has an outer diameter matching the inner diameter of the second cavity 208, and an upper end fixedly connected to the bottom of the second baffle 302; the second elastic block 406 is fixedly arranged on the top of the fourth magnet 404, and is used for blocking the water outlet when the third baffle 402 moves to the uppermost position; the third baffle 402 is provided with water permeable holes for communicating the fourth pipe body 405 and the fifth pipe body 403.
Principle of operation of the present embodiment
Gauge M 1 is the mass of the low pressure plug of FIG. 3 (a); RF max is the maximum repulsive force between the two magnets in the first cavity 207; RF min is the minimum repulsive force between the two magnets; when the elastic block is completely attached to the top water outlet groove of the first cavity 207 in fig. 4, the distance between the two magnets in the first cavity 207 is L; when the baffle is completely attached to the bottom plate of the first cavity 207 in fig. 4, the distance between the two magnets is S; g is a gravitational acceleration constant.
Low pressure-infiltrating mode:
① When the line water pressure h is less than the sum of the repulsive force RF min and the low-voltage converter plug mass M 1 ×g of fig. 3 (a), i.e. h < RF min+M1 ×g:
as shown in fig. 5 (a), the third baffle 402 is tightly attached to the inner bottom surface of the first cavity 207, at this time, the water flow in the second cavity 208 enters the first cavity 207 through the water permeable holes on the third baffle 402, and then flows out from the water outlet, at this time, the water flow area is unchanged, and the water outlet flow is stable under the given pressure condition.
② When the line water pressure h is greater than RF min+M1 ×g and less than RF max+M1 ×g, i.e., RF min+M1*g<h<RFmax+M1 ×g (L < x < S):
at this time, as shown in fig. 5 (a), the water in the second cavity 208 can still enter the first cavity 207 through the water permeable holes on the third baffle 402, and then flows out from the water outlet.
As the pressure increases, the distance x between the first magnet 209 and the second magnet 204 decreases, and the cross-sectional area of the water decreases, so the water outlet flow decreases.
③ When the line water pressure h is greater than the sum of the repulsive force RF max and the low-pressure plug mass M 1 ×g of fig. 3 (a), i.e., h > RF max+M1 ×g:
as shown in fig. 5 (b), the second elastic block 406 moves up to a position completely stuck to the water outlet groove at the top of the first cavity 207 to block the water outlet, and at this time, the water flow passage is closed and the water supply is stopped.
In the present invention, the first magnet 209, the second magnet 204, the third magnet 304, and the fourth magnet 404 are ferrite magnets or neodymium-iron-boron magnets. Ferrite magnet or neodymium iron boron magnet has the functions of pressure resistance and acid and alkali resistance, and is not easy to rust.
It should be noted that: the shallow root system D, the middle root system E and the deep root system F shown in fig. 1 are opposite and have no strict scale range, and meanwhile, the water spraying piece for the shallow root system, the water dripping piece for the middle root system and the water penetrating piece for the deep root system of the present invention are not intelligent for irrigating vegetables, crops and fruit trees, but the corresponding water filling pieces are selected according to the relative root system depth. For example, persimmon tree, apple tree and grape tree have different root systems with different water absorption areas, and the irrigation system shown in figure 1 can be used; in addition, the optionally matched fruit-agricultural-vegetable planting modes can also have vegetable root systems larger than crop root systems or crop root systems larger than fruit tree root systems, for example, chinese yam root systems are larger than wheat root systems, at this time, the wheat irrigation mode can be selected for sprinkling irrigation, and the Chinese yam irrigation mode can be selected for drip irrigation. The wheat and yam are not listed here at the same sowing time, but are merely illustrative of the flexible combination possible when using the irrigation system of the present invention.
In conclusion, the three-dimensional composite planting and irrigation system integrates sprinkling irrigation, infiltrating irrigation and the like, can simultaneously realize irrigation of deep roots of fruit trees and shallow roots of interplanted crops, is simple to operate and wide in application range, saves the pipeline laying cost, and greatly improves the irrigation efficiency. In the invention, the first magnet, the second magnet, the third magnet and the fourth magnet are all ferrite magnets or neodymium-iron-boron magnets. The ferrite magnet or the neodymium iron boron magnet has the functions of pressure resistance and acid and alkali resistance, is not easy to rust, and compared with a metal spring mode for adjusting the opening/closing of the water outlet elastic block, the mode improves the service life of the converter, and has a wide pressure adjusting range. According to the invention, the water flow mainly flows through the middle gap of the plug, the diameter of the plug is slightly smaller than that of the second cavity of the converter, and the plug can move smoothly in the second cavity of the converter.
The foregoing disclosure is merely illustrative of preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto, and any variations within the scope of the present invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art.

Claims (8)

1. The utility model provides a three-dimensional compound planting irrigation system, includes delivery pipe (1), its characterized in that still includes:
A water inlet of the high-pressure converter (2) is communicated with the water supply pipe (1);
a water spraying member (201) having a water inlet communicating with a water outlet of the high-pressure transducer (2), the high-pressure transducer (2) being configured to supply high-pressure water in the water supply pipe (1) to the water spraying member (201);
a low-pressure converter (4) with a water inlet communicated with the water supply pipe (1);
the water seepage piece (401) is arranged below the water spraying piece (201), the water inlet of the water seepage piece is communicated with the water outlet of the low-pressure converter (4), and the low-pressure converter (4) is used for supplying low-pressure water in the water supply pipe (1) to the water seepage piece (401);
The device also comprises a medium-voltage converter (3), and a water inlet of the medium-voltage converter is communicated with the water supply pipe (1); a water dropping member (301) disposed between the water spraying member (201) and the water seepage member (401), a water inlet of the water dropping member being communicated with a water outlet of the medium-pressure converter (3), the medium-pressure converter (3) being configured to supply medium-pressure water in the water supply pipe (1) to the water dropping member (301);
The high-voltage converter (2) comprises:
A first housing (210) comprising: the cylinder is internally provided with a first cavity (207), the bottom of the first cavity (207) is provided with a second cavity (208), the diameter of the second cavity (208) is smaller than that of the first cavity (207), the bottom of the cylinder is provided with a water inlet communicated with the interior of the second cavity (208), and the top of the cylinder is provided with a water outlet communicated with the interior of the first cavity (207); a first magnet (209) fixedly arranged on the inner top wall of the first cavity (207);
a high pressure plug disposed inside a first housing (210), comprising:
A first baffle plate (202) arranged inside the first cavity (207) and having a diameter smaller than the diameter of the first cavity (207) and larger than the diameter of the second cavity (208);
The first pipe body (205) is arranged in the first cavity (207), the lower end of the first pipe body is fixedly connected with the top of the first baffle (202), the upper end of the first pipe body is fixedly provided with a second magnet (204) which is repulsed with the first magnet (209), the peripheral surface of the first pipe body (205) is provided with a water permeable hole, and the upper end of the first pipe body (205) is provided with a water permeable hole which is communicated with the water outlet and the first pipe body (205);
the second pipe body (203) is arranged in the second cavity (208) in a sliding manner, the outer diameter of the second pipe body is matched with the inner diameter of the second cavity (208), the upper end of the second pipe body is fixedly connected with the bottom of the first baffle (202), and water permeable holes are formed in the peripheral surface of the second pipe body.
2. A stereoscopic composite planting and watering system according to claim 1, characterized in that the medium voltage converter (3) comprises:
a second housing (310) having the same structure as the first housing (210);
a medium pressure bulkhead disposed inside a second housing (310), comprising:
the second baffle plate (302) is arranged inside the first cavity (207), and the diameter of the second baffle plate (302) is smaller than that of the first cavity (207) and larger than that of the second cavity (208);
The third pipe body (303) is arranged in the second cavity (208) in a sliding manner, the outer diameter of the third pipe body is matched with the inner diameter of the second cavity (208), the upper end of the third pipe body is fixedly connected with the bottom of the second baffle (302), and the outer circumferential surface of the third pipe body is provided with a water permeable hole;
A third magnet (304) fixedly arranged on the top of the second baffle (302) and repulsive to the first magnet (209);
the first elastic block (305) is fixedly arranged at the top of the third magnet (304) and is used for blocking the water outlet.
3. A stereoscopic composite planting and watering system according to claim 1 wherein the low voltage converter (4) comprises:
a third housing (410) having the same structure as the first housing (210);
A low pressure plug disposed inside a third housing (410), comprising:
A third baffle (402) disposed within the first cavity (207), the third baffle (402) having a diameter smaller than the diameter of the first cavity (207) and larger than the diameter of the second cavity (208);
the fourth pipe body (405) is arranged in the first cavity (207), the lower end of the fourth pipe body is fixedly connected with the top of the third baffle (402), the upper end of the fourth pipe body is fixedly provided with a fourth magnet (404) which is repulsed from the first magnet (209), and the peripheral surface of the fourth pipe body (405) is provided with a water permeable hole;
The fifth pipe body (403) is arranged in the second cavity (208) in a sliding manner, the outer diameter of the fifth pipe body is matched with the inner diameter of the second cavity (208), and the upper end of the fifth pipe body is fixedly connected with the bottom of the second baffle (302);
the second elastic block (406) is fixedly arranged at the top of the fourth magnet (404) and is used for blocking the water outlet;
and the third baffle plate (402) is provided with water permeable holes communicated with the fourth pipe body (405) and the fifth pipe body (403).
4. A stereoscopic composite planting and irrigating system according to claim 1, wherein the water spraying member (201) comprises a spray head, and the water inlet of the spray head is communicated with the water outlet of the high-pressure converter (2).
5. A stereoscopic composite planting and irrigating system according to claim 1, wherein the water seepage member (401) comprises a water seepage pipe, and the water inlet of the water seepage pipe is communicated with the water outlet of the low-pressure converter (4).
6. A stereoscopic composite planting and watering system according to claim 1, characterized in that the drip member (301) comprises a drip pipe, the water inlet of which is in communication with the water outlet of the medium voltage converter (3).
7. The stereoscopic composite planting irrigation system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first magnet (209) and the second magnet (204) are ring magnets.
8. The three-dimensional composite planting and irrigating system according to claim 7, wherein a ring-shaped third elastic block (206) is arranged at the top of the second magnet (204), the lower end of the third elastic block (206) is fixedly connected with the second magnet (204), and the diameter of the outer peripheral surface of the third elastic block (206) is matched with the inner diameter of the water outlet.
CN202210742876.8A 2022-06-28 2022-06-28 Three-dimensional compound planting irrigation system Active CN115005058B (en)

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CN202210742876.8A CN115005058B (en) 2022-06-28 2022-06-28 Three-dimensional compound planting irrigation system
NL2034117A NL2034117B1 (en) 2022-06-28 2023-02-08 Three-dimensional irrigation system for companion planting

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CN202210742876.8A CN115005058B (en) 2022-06-28 2022-06-28 Three-dimensional compound planting irrigation system

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