CN114995272A - Intelligent centralized control system and method for blasting and air exhaust in tunnel construction - Google Patents
Intelligent centralized control system and method for blasting and air exhaust in tunnel construction Download PDFInfo
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- CN114995272A CN114995272A CN202210470105.8A CN202210470105A CN114995272A CN 114995272 A CN114995272 A CN 114995272A CN 202210470105 A CN202210470105 A CN 202210470105A CN 114995272 A CN114995272 A CN 114995272A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
- G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
- G05B19/04—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers
- G05B19/05—Programmable logic controllers, e.g. simulating logic interconnections of signals according to ladder diagrams or function charts
- G05B19/054—Input/output
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F1/00—Ventilation of mines or tunnels; Distribution of ventilating currents
- E21F1/006—Ventilation at the working face of galleries or tunnels
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F17/00—Methods or devices for use in mines or tunnels, not covered elsewhere
- E21F17/18—Special adaptations of signalling or alarm devices
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F5/00—Means or methods for preventing, binding, depositing, or removing dust; Preventing explosions or fires
- E21F5/02—Means or methods for preventing, binding, depositing, or removing dust; Preventing explosions or fires by wetting or spraying
- E21F5/04—Spraying barriers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D27/00—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
- F04D27/004—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids by varying driving speed
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D27/00—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
- F04D27/008—Stop safety or alarm devices, e.g. stop-and-go control; Disposition of check-valves
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
- G05B2219/10—Plc systems
- G05B2219/14—Plc safety
- G05B2219/14005—Alarm
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P90/00—Enabling technologies with a potential contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
- Y02P90/02—Total factory control, e.g. smart factories, flexible manufacturing systems [FMS] or integrated manufacturing systems [IMS]
Abstract
The application provides an intelligent centralized control system and method for blasting and air exhausting in tunnel construction. In the system, a monitoring unit and a first programmable logic controller are both positioned on operating equipment for tunnel construction blasting; the monitoring unit is in communication connection with the first programmable logic controller, and can acquire environmental data of tunnel construction blasting and send the environmental data to the first programmable logic controller; the first programmable logic controller judges the environmental data based on a preset logic relationship; responding to the environment data meeting the preset logic relation, and sending a control instruction by the first programmable logic controller; the second programmable logic controller is positioned at the opening of the tunnel, is in communication connection with the first programmable logic controller and controls the variable-frequency operation of the air exhaust unit according to the received control instruction; the air exhaust units are arranged in the tunnel and are in communication connection with the second programmable logic controller. Therefore, high-precision unmanned management and control of tunnel construction are achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of tunnel construction, in particular to an intelligent centralized control system and method for blasting and air exhaust in tunnel construction.
Background
In the work progress in the tunnel, need with outside discharge holes such as dust that haulage vehicle tail gas, big gun cigarette, work progress produced, introduce fresh air in order to guarantee constructor's security and travelling comfort in the hole, personnel's in the protection hole is healthy. And reasonable ventilation system and ideal ventilation effect are important guarantees for realizing rapid tunnel construction, guaranteeing construction safety and physical and psychological health of constructors.
Therefore, it is desirable to provide a solution to the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to provide an intelligent centralized control system and method for blasting and air exhaust in tunnel construction, so as to solve or alleviate the problems in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present application provides the following technical solutions:
the application provides an intelligence centralized control system for tunnel construction blasting is aired exhaust, includes: the system comprises a monitoring unit, a first programmable logic controller, a second programmable logic controller and an exhaust unit; the monitoring unit and the first programmable logic controller are both positioned on the operation equipment for tunnel construction blasting; the monitoring unit is in communication connection with the first programmable logic controller, and can acquire environmental data of tunnel construction blasting and send the environmental data to the first programmable logic controller; the first programmable logic controller judges the environment data based on a preset logic relationship; responding to the environment data meeting the preset logic relationship, and sending a control instruction by the first programmable logic controller; the second programmable logic controller is positioned at the opening of the tunnel, is in communication connection with the first programmable logic controller, and controls the variable-frequency operation of the air exhaust unit according to the received control instruction; the air exhaust units are arranged in the tunnel, are in communication connection with the second programmable logic controller and are used for performing frequency conversion operation according to the control of the second programmable logic controller so as to exhaust air and remove dust in the tunnel.
Preferably, the monitoring unit includes: the dust sensors are positioned at four corners of the operation equipment and used for collecting the real-time dust concentration of the tunnel construction blasting; the human body induction sensors are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the operation equipment and are used for inducing target personnel around the operation equipment; the temperature and humidity sensor is positioned at one end of the operation equipment, which is far away from the construction surface of the tunnel, and is used for collecting real-time temperature and real-time humidity during tunnel construction blasting; the noise sensor is arranged at the rear end of the operating equipment in parallel with the temperature and humidity sensor and is used for collecting real-time noise during tunnel construction blasting; the harmful gas sensors are arranged at four corners of the operation equipment in parallel with the dust sensors and are used for collecting the concentration of harmful gas in the tunnel construction blasting in real time; and the voltage and current sensor is connected with a general distribution box of the operation equipment and used for collecting the current of a power loop during construction of the operation equipment.
Preferably, the harmful gas sensor includes: methane transducer, carbon dioxide transducer; the range of the methane transmitter is 0-100% LEL, the precision is +/-5% FS, and the repeatability is less than or equal to +/-7%; and the carbon dioxide transmitter adopts infrared verification to measure the concentration of carbon dioxide during tunnel construction blasting.
Preferably, the human body induction sensor adopts a plurality of human body pyroelectric infrared induction modules, and the plurality of human body pyroelectric infrared induction modules are arranged in parallel at intervals of 5 meters along the circumferential direction of the operation equipment.
Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps: the alarm unit is connected with the first programmable logic controller; correspondingly, the first programmable logic controller judges that the received environmental data exceeds a set value based on a preset logic relationship, and sends an alarm instruction to the alarm unit; or, the first programmable logic controller judges that the received environment data is unchanged within a first preset time based on a preset logic relationship, and sends an alarm instruction to the alarm unit.
The embodiment of the application further provides an intelligent centralized control method for blasting and exhausting in tunnel construction, which comprises the following steps: determining whether to send a control instruction or not based on a preset logical relation according to the collected environmental data of the tunnel construction blasting; responding to the control instruction, controlling an air exhaust unit installed in the tunnel to perform variable frequency operation so as to exhaust air and remove dust in the tunnel;
wherein, the control command comprises the real-time operating frequency of the air exhaust unit, and is as follows:
determining the real-time operation frequency of the air exhaust unit; in the formula, E represents the real-time running frequency of the air exhaust unit; h represents the dust concentration in the environmental data; h min Representing a preset dust concentration lower limit; h max Representing a preset dust concentration upper limit; e max Representing a maximum operating frequency of the exhaust unit;
representing the minimum operating frequency of the exhaust unit.
Preferably, the determining whether to send a control command based on a preset logical relationship according to the collected environmental data of the tunnel construction blasting includes: and in response to the fact that the number of target personnel in the environment data is zero, the noise data in the environment data is smaller than a preset noise threshold value, and the power loop current in the environment data is smaller than a preset current threshold value within preset starting time, the exhaust system pre-starting instruction is determined to be sent out.
Preferably, the responding to the control command is sent out, and the control unit installed in the tunnel is controlled to perform variable frequency operation so as to perform air exhaust and dust removal in the tunnel, and the method includes: responding to the control instruction and controlling the exhaust unit arranged in the tunnel to perform variable frequency operation so as to exhaust air and remove dust in the tunnel when the dust concentration is increased within a second preset time; and responding to the control instruction sent out and controlling the exhaust unit installed in the tunnel to stop running when the dust concentration is unchanged within the second preset time.
Preferably, after the responding to the control command and controlling the variable frequency operation of the air exhausting unit installed in the tunnel to exhaust air and remove dust in the tunnel, the method further includes: and controlling the exhaust unit in the tunnel to stop running in response to the fact that the dust concentration is smaller than the lower limit of the preset dust concentration for a third preset time.
Preferably, the intelligent centralized control method for blasting and exhausting in tunnel construction further comprises: responding to the fact that the dust concentration exceeds the preset dust concentration upper limit and the exhaust unit reaches the maximum operation frequency, delaying a fourth preset time, and automatically starting a dust fall spraying unit for a fifth preset time; the dust fall spraying system is arranged in the tunnel;
the fifth preset time is as follows:
in the formula, t 5 Represents the fifth preset time in seconds; l is i The length of the tunnel in the ith blasting construction of the tunnel is shown in meters.
Has the advantages that:
according to the intelligent centralized control scheme for tunnel construction blasting air exhaust, environmental data of tunnel construction blasting are collected and sent to a first programmable logic controller through a monitoring unit located on an operation device, the first programmable logic controller also located on the operation device judges according to the collected environmental data based on a preset logic relationship, when the environmental data meet the preset logic relationship, the first programmable logic controller sends a control instruction to a second programmable logic controller located at a tunnel portal, the second programmable logic controller controls an air exhaust unit installed in a tunnel to perform variable frequency operation according to the control instruction, and air exhaust and dust removal are performed in the tunnel. Therefore, when tunnel blasting construction is carried out, the exhaust unit is automatically started, operated and stopped, intelligent exhaust and dust removal are carried out on blasting construction in the tunnel, high-precision unmanned management and control of tunnel construction are achieved, manpower and material resources are saved, construction efficiency is improved, construction stability is high, configuration is flexible and convenient, and safety of the construction process is further enhanced.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the application and, together with the description, serve to explain the application and are not intended to limit the application. Wherein:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an intelligent centralized control system for blasting and exhausting in tunnel construction according to some embodiments of the present application;
fig. 2 is a schematic illustration of an installation of a monitoring unit on a work machine provided in accordance with some embodiments of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a logical relationship diagram of pre-activation of an exhaust unit provided in accordance with some embodiments of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a schematic logic diagram of the start of an exhaust unit when the dust concentration is too high according to some embodiments of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an alarm in the event of an anomaly in environmental data provided in accordance with some embodiments of the present application;
fig. 6 is a schematic flow chart of an intelligent centralized control method for blasting and exhausting in tunnel construction according to some embodiments of the present application.
Detailed Description
The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings. The various examples are provided by way of explanation of the application and are not limiting of the application. In fact, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications and variations can be made in the present application without departing from the scope or spirit of the application. For instance, features illustrated or described as part of one embodiment, can be used with another embodiment to yield a still further embodiment. It is therefore intended that the present application cover the modifications and variations of this invention provided they come within the scope of the appended claims and their equivalents.
Tunnel construction excavation operation includes drilling, the powder charge, the blasting, ventilate, slag tap etc, in current work progress, drilling, after the powder charge, personnel withdraw, start the blasting, use the intercom to inform entrance to a cave personnel start exhaust system, wait for a period of time and wait for the dust to blow off the back, start dust fall spraying system, whole artifical participation control, can not know the inside actual conditions of tunnel construction face after the blasting, along with stretching into of construction, the blind pipe (can't solve and carry out construction management under the construction face condition) can inevitable cause the construction progress slow, it airs exhaust, spraying system start-up time overlength or short, can cause the energy extravagant, the unable real-time detection in tunnel internal environment sends, there is constructor potential safety hazard.
In order to achieve an ideal ventilation effect through a reasonable ventilation system in tunnel construction, particularly railway tunnel construction (a railway tunnel has a long continuous mileage and a narrow construction space, high data monitoring difficulty and complex geological conditions), so as to accelerate tunnel construction progress and ensure construction safety and physical and mental health, the applicant provides an intelligent centralized control technology for tunnel blasting and air exhaust.
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the intelligent centralized control system for blasting and discharging powder in tunnel construction comprises: the device comprises a monitoring unit, a first programmable logic controller, a second programmable logic controller, an exhaust unit and a dust fall spraying unit. The detection unit and the first programmable logic controller are both positioned on the operation equipment for tunnel construction blasting; the monitoring unit is in communication connection with the first programmable logic controller, and can acquire environmental data of tunnel construction blasting and send the environmental data to the first programmable logic controller; the first programmable logic controller judges the environmental data based on a preset logic relationship; responding to the environment data meeting the preset logic relation, and sending a control instruction by the first programmable logic controller; the second programmable logic controller is positioned at the tunnel portal, is in communication connection with the first programmable logic controller, and controls the variable-frequency operation of the air exhaust unit and/or the dust fall spraying unit according to the received control instruction; the air exhaust unit and the dust fall spraying unit are installed in the tunnel, are in communication connection with the second programmable logic controller and are used for performing variable frequency operation according to control of the second programmable logic controller so as to exhaust air and remove dust in the tunnel.
In this application, install the monitoring unit at the operation equipment of tunnel construction blasting, for example, on the operation platform truck, realize the real-time supervision to the site environment of the face of blasting construction, in time, effectual site conditions with the blasting construction reflects, realizes the site management of blasting construction through the remote control end, realizes the high accurate management and control of job site, reduces the potential safety hazard, improves constructor's construction safety.
The method comprises the steps that in the process of construction in a tunnel, environment data such as working conditions of constructors, power supply conditions of equipment, dust concentration generated by blasting construction, temperature and humidity of construction environment in the tunnel, noise, concentration of harmful gas and the like are monitored in real time through an acquisition unit, and the environment data are logically judged through a logic relation set in a first programmable logic controller installed in operating equipment, so that the actual conditions of a construction site are intelligently judged; and the control instruction made according to the actual conditions is transmitted to a second programmable logic controller positioned at the tunnel entrance through a network system in the tunnel, the second programmable logic controller controls an air exhaust unit arranged in the tunnel according to the control instruction, and the variable frequency operation is carried out according to the actual conditions of tunnel section construction, so that the intelligent and high-precision unmanned control on air exhaust and dust removal in the tunnel is realized, the manpower and material resources are saved, the construction efficiency is improved, the construction stability is high, the configuration is flexible and convenient, and the safety of the construction process is further enhanced.
The monitoring unit includes: the dust sensors are positioned at four corners of the operation equipment and used for collecting the real-time dust concentration of tunnel construction blasting; the human body induction sensors are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the operation equipment and are used for inducing target personnel around the operation equipment; the temperature and humidity sensor is positioned at one end of the operation equipment, which is far away from the construction surface of the tunnel, and is used for collecting real-time temperature and real-time humidity during blasting of the Soviet tunnel construction; the noise sensor and the temperature and humidity sensor are arranged at the rear end of the operation equipment in parallel and are used for collecting real-time noise during tunnel construction blasting; the harmful gas sensors and the dust sensors are arranged at four corners of the operation equipment in parallel and are used for collecting the concentration of harmful gas in real time during tunnel construction blasting; and the voltage and current sensor is connected with a main distribution box of the operation equipment and is used for collecting the current of a power loop during construction of the operation equipment.
In this application, dust sensor, human body induction sensor, temperature and humidity sensor, noise sensor, harmful gas sensor, voltage current sensor adopt 485 bus lines forms with data transmission to a programmable logic controller who gathers. The voltage and current sensor is connected with a main distribution box of the operation equipment, and the first programmable logic controller is used for carrying out reference judgment on whether the blasting construction operation is finished or not by collecting the power loop current during the construction of the operation equipment.
The dust sensor can adopt a sensor with PM2.5 and PM10, and the measuring range is 0-1000 mu g/m 3 Resolution of 1. mu.g/m 3 The consistency reaches +/-10%, and the dust sensor has the advantages of double-frequency data acquisition and automatic calibration of the air quality transmitter, and meanwhile, the dust sensor also has the laser anti-attenuation function, so that the long-term stable work of the dust sensor in the severe environment in the tunnel is ensured.
The harmful gas sensor includes: methane transducer, carbon dioxide transducer, carbon monoxide transducer. The range of the methane transmitter is 0-100% (LEL), the precision is +/-5% FS, and the repeatability is less than or equal to +/-7%. Wherein LEL is a unit of measurement of methane, 10% LEL 5000ppm 0.5% VOL; repeatability refers to the error of data measured at different times under the same environment.
The carbon dioxide transmitter adopts infrared verification to measure the concentration of carbon dioxide during tunnel construction blasting. Therefore, the rapid and sensitive measurement of the concentration of the carbon dioxide in the tunnel is realized, and the problem that the traditional electrochemical sensor has drift at the end of service life and in long-term use is solved. The measuring range of the carbon dioxide transmitter is 0-10000ppm, the temperature step length is carried by the carbon dioxide transmitter, and the influence of the temperature is small.
The human body induction sensor adopts a plurality of human body pyroelectric infrared induction modules which are arranged in parallel at intervals of 5 meters along the axial direction of the operation equipment. The human body induction sensor has the advantages of high detection sensitivity, wide detection range, reliable work, long service life, no influence of temperature, humidity, noise, air flow, dust, optical fibers and the like, and can work in severe environment in the tunnel. It should be noted that the human body induction sensor adopts switching value transmission.
The temperature and humidity sensor adopts a wide voltage range of 10-30V for power supply and a particle sintering probe sheath, so that the precision and the reliability of temperature and humidity acquisition are ensured.
It should be noted that other types of sensors can be arranged on the operation equipment, so that different complex and variable tunnel construction environments can be monitored, the safety of tunnel blasting construction is improved, the risk of constructors is reduced, and the physical and mental health of the constructors is improved.
In some optional embodiments, the intelligent centralized control system for blasting and exhausting in tunnel construction further comprises: the alarm unit is connected with the first programmable logic controller; correspondingly, the first programmable logic controller judges that the received environmental data exceeds a set value based on a preset logic relationship, and sends an alarm instruction to an alarm unit; or the first programmable logic controller judges that the received environmental data is unchanged within first preset time based on the preset logic relationship, and sends an alarm instruction to the alarm unit.
It can be understood that, in one case, when any one of the ambient temperature, the humidity and the harmful gas concentration in the tunnel is greater than the preset temperature value, the preset humidity value and the preset gas concentration value, the alarm is immediately started, and an alarm instruction is sent to the alarm unit. In another case, if the first programmable logic controller judges that the environmental data acquired by the monitoring unit does not change within the specified time, the first programmable logic controller considers that the exhaust system has a fault and sends an alarm instruction to the alarm unit. After the first programmable logic controller sends out an alarm instruction, the first programmable logic controller can also send related alarm information to the remote client through the network so as to timely and effectively take counter measures.
Here, in being arranged in tunnel construction blasting air exhaust's intelligent centralized control system, still include: the maintenance switch is in a normally open state, and the maintenance switch, the first programmable logic controller, the second programmable logic controller and the air exhaust unit form open-loop control; when the maintenance switch is closed, the second programmable logic controller disconnects the control of the air exhaust unit.
In this application, dust sensor has a plurality ofly, and first programmable logic controller adds and the average calculation to the data that a plurality of dust sensors gathered after receiving the data that a plurality of dust sensors gathered, acquires the average dust concentration in the tunnel, and the dust concentration that the dust concentration sensor that here indicates gathered all indicates the average of a plurality of dust sensors' data collection.
The first programmable logic controller finds out the maximum value of the concentration of the harmful gas from the data collected by the plurality of harmful gas sensors after receiving the data collected by the plurality of harmful gas sensors. The concentrations of the harmful gas collected by the harmful gas sensors referred to herein each refer to the maximum value of the concentrations of the harmful gas collected by the plurality of harmful gas sensors.
In this application, through the real-time environment data acquisition during tunnel blasting construction, the unit automatic start of control airing exhaust, operation, stop, carry out intelligence to blasting construction in the tunnel and air exhaust, remove dust, realize the unmanned management and control of high accuracy of tunnel construction, practice thrift manpower and materials, improve the efficiency of construction, and construction stability is strong, and the configuration is nimble convenient, has further strengthened the security of work progress.
As shown in fig. 6, the intelligent centralized control method for blasting and exhausting in tunnel construction provided by the present application includes:
s101, determining whether to send a control instruction or not based on a preset logic relation according to collected environment data of tunnel construction blasting;
in the blasting process of tunnel construction, if the exhaust system is restarted after blasting, the exhaust time is prolonged, especially when the tunnel construction is longer and longer, the exhaust system is restarted after the dust exceeds the standard, a long time is delayed, and the tunnel construction period is seriously influenced. In the application, whether a control instruction, namely an instruction for pre-starting an exhaust system, is sent is determined by judging the collected environmental data of tunnel construction blasting according to a preset logical relationship. The method has the advantages that the judgment and control time for starting the exhaust system is shortened, the current construction environment in the tunnel construction process is improved through the advance setting of the pre-starting of the exhaust system, and the control precision of the tunnel implosion construction is improved.
Specifically, in response to that the number of target persons in the environmental data is zero, the noise data in the environmental data is smaller than a preset noise threshold value, and the power loop current in the environmental data is smaller than a preset current threshold value within a preset starting time, a pre-starting instruction of the exhaust system is determined to be sent. That is, according to the construction experience of the current team of tunnel blasting construction, the preset starting time is input into the first programmable logic controller at each blasting interval time, and in the preset starting time, if the acquired noise data is smaller than the preset noise threshold value, the human body induction sensor does not induce the constructors, namely, all the constructors withdraw from the blasting construction site; and if the current of the power loop of the operation equipment is smaller than the preset current threshold value, the blasting construction operation is considered to be finished, and the exhaust system can be started according to the set preset starting time.
In the present application, the preset noise threshold is 10 db; the preset current threshold is 2A. Here, it should be noted that the current monitored by the voltage/current sensor includes not only the power loop current, but also other electric devices (e.g., lighting devices), and the like.
And S102, responding to the control command, controlling the air exhaust unit arranged in the tunnel to perform variable frequency operation so as to exhaust air and remove dust in the tunnel.
The control instruction comprises the real-time operation frequency of the air exhaust unit, and the real-time operation frequency of the air exhaust unit is determined according to the formula (1). Equation (1) is as follows:
in the formula, E represents the real-time running frequency of the air exhaust unit; h represents the dust concentration in the environmental data; h min Representing a preset dust concentration lower limit; h max Representing a preset dust concentration upper limit; e max Represents the maximum operating frequency of the exhaust unit;
representing the minimum operating frequency of the exhaust unit.
In the embodiment of the application, the lower limit and the upper limit of the dust concentration during the blasting construction in the tunnel can be set in the second programmable logic controller, and meanwhile, the set lower limit and the set upper limit of the dust concentration can be adjusted according to the environmental change and the geological condition change of the blasting construction in the tunnel.
In one scene, the upper limit of the dust concentration of the air exhaust unit is 800ug/m 3 (PM10) dust concentration lower limit 400ug/m 3 (PM10), the maximum operating frequency of the exhaust unit is 50HZ, and the minimum operating frequency of the exhaust unit is 20 HZ.
And responding to the control instruction sent by the first programmable logic controller, and controlling the variable-frequency operation of the air exhaust unit arranged in the tunnel by the second programmable logic controller according to the control instruction to discharge powder and remove dust in the tunnel. Specifically, in response to the control instruction being sent and the dust concentration being increased within the second preset time, the variable frequency operation of the air exhaust unit installed in the tunnel is controlled to exhaust air and remove dust in the tunnel; and responding to the control command and controlling the air exhaust unit arranged in the tunnel to stop running when the dust concentration is unchanged within the second preset time.
After the pre-starting of the air exhaust unit is determined, the first programmable logic controller sends out a control instruction, the second programmable logic controller starts timing, in a second preset time, if the tunnel blasting construction is successful, the first programmable logic controller judges that the dust concentration in the tunnel is increased according to the collected dust concentration and a preset dust concentration threshold value, and sends out an instruction to the second programmable logic controller, at the moment, the second programmable logic controller starts the air exhaust unit to operate in a variable frequency mode according to the preset starting time to exhaust air and remove dust in the tunnel, so that the air exhaust and dust removal efficiency of the tunnel is improved, the air exhaust and dust removal in the tunnel are timely and effectively carried out, and the lag of the air exhaust and dust removal is avoided.
In the blasting process of tunnel construction, if blasting is abnormal (for example, explosive fails and the like), starting the exhaust system when reaching the second preset time; however, as the tunnel is not burst and the dust concentration is not changed within the second preset time, the second programmable logic controller controls the air exhaust unit to stop running according to the instruction, so that the energy consumption is effectively saved and the energy waste is avoided.
In some optional embodiments, after the control command is sent out, the variable frequency operation of the exhaust unit installed in the tunnel is controlled to perform exhaust dust removal in the tunnel, the method further includes: and controlling the exhaust unit in the tunnel to stop running in response to the third preset time that the dust concentration is smaller than the lowest dust concentration value.
That is to say, after the blasting is successful, the exhaust system is started at the second preset time, after the frequency conversion operation is carried out for a period of time, the dust concentration in the tunnel is reduced to the lower limit of the preset dust concentration, the first programmable logic controller sends an instruction to the second programmable logic controller according to the real-time dust concentration in the tunnel, and the second programmable logic controller controls the exhaust unit to stop running, so that the energy consumption is effectively saved, and the energy waste is avoided.
In some optional embodiments, the intelligent centralized control method for blasting and exhausting in tunnel construction further comprises: and after responding to the fact that the dust concentration exceeds the maximum value of the dust concentration and the exhaust unit reaches the maximum operation frequency, delaying the fourth preset time and automatically starting the dust fall spraying system for the fifth preset time.
The dust fall spraying system is installed in the tunnel, and the fifth preset time is determined according to a formula (2). Equation (2) is as follows:
in the formula, t 5 Represents a fifth preset time in seconds; l is i The length of the tunnel in the ith blasting construction of the tunnel is shown in meters.
Here, the fourth preset time is the delayed start time of the dust fall spraying system, and after the maximum operation frequency of the air exhaust unit runs for a period of time (the fourth preset time), the dust concentration in the tunnel still cannot be reduced to the preset dust concentration upper limit, at this moment, the second programmable logic controller automatically starts the dust fall spraying unit, and the auxiliary air exhaust unit removes dust in the tunnel to rapidly reduce the dust concentration in the tunnel. For example, after the construction blasting in the tunnel is successful, the dust concentration collected by the monitoring unit is greater than the upper limit of the preset dust concentration, the exhaust unit operates at the maximum operation frequency, after 300 seconds (fourth preset time), the dust-fall spraying unit is automatically started for 300 seconds (fifth preset time), and the operation time of the dust-fall spraying unit is increased according to the length of the current construction blasting. The operating time of the dust fall spraying unit is accurately controlled in seconds, and the control precision of air exhaust and dust removal is effectively improved.
In the present application, if the dust concentration in the tunnel is not changed within the second preset time (the dust concentration is 100 μ g/m) 3 Out-of-range change), the exhaust unit is considered to be out of order, an alarm instruction is sent to the alarm unit in time, and alarm information is pushed to the remote client. It will be appreciated that the exhaust unit has a number of control modes including: local mode, remoteThe system comprises a control mode and an automatic mode, wherein a first programmable logic controller in a construction tunnel, a second programmable logic controller at a tunnel portal and a remote client can control the operation of the powder discharging unit, and the operation parameters of the air discharging unit and the like can be checked.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides an intelligence centralized control system for tunnel construction blasting is aired exhaust, its characterized in that includes: the system comprises a monitoring unit, a first programmable logic controller, a second programmable logic controller and an exhaust unit;
the monitoring unit and the first programmable logic controller are both positioned on the operation equipment for tunnel construction blasting;
the monitoring unit is in communication connection with the first programmable logic controller, and can acquire environmental data of tunnel construction blasting and send the environmental data to the first programmable logic controller;
the first programmable logic controller judges the environment data based on a preset logic relationship; wherein, in response to the environmental data satisfying the preset logical relationship, the first programmable logic controller issues a control instruction;
the second programmable logic controller is positioned at the opening of the tunnel, is in communication connection with the first programmable logic controller, and controls the variable-frequency operation of the air exhaust unit according to the received control command;
the air exhaust units are arranged in the tunnel, are in communication connection with the second programmable logic controller and are used for performing frequency conversion operation according to the control of the second programmable logic controller so as to exhaust air and remove dust in the tunnel.
2. The intelligent centralized control system for blasting and exhausting in tunnel construction according to claim 1, wherein the monitoring unit comprises:
the dust sensors are positioned at four corners of the operation equipment and used for collecting the real-time dust concentration of the tunnel construction blasting;
the human body induction sensors are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the operation equipment and are used for inducing target personnel around the operation equipment;
the temperature and humidity sensor is positioned at one end of the operation equipment, which is far away from the construction surface of the tunnel, and is used for collecting real-time temperature and real-time humidity during tunnel construction blasting;
the noise sensor is arranged at the rear end of the operating equipment in parallel with the temperature and humidity sensor and is used for collecting real-time noise during tunnel construction blasting;
the harmful gas sensors are arranged at four corners of the operation equipment in parallel with the dust sensors and are used for collecting the concentration of harmful gas in the tunnel construction blasting in real time;
and the voltage and current sensor is connected with a general distribution box of the operation equipment and used for collecting the current of a power loop during construction of the operation equipment.
3. The intelligent centralized control system for blasting ventilation in tunnel construction according to claim 2, wherein the harmful gas sensor comprises: methane transducer, carbon dioxide transducer;
the range of the methane transmitter is 0-100% LEL, the precision is +/-5% FS, and the repeatability is less than or equal to +/-7%;
and the carbon dioxide transmitter adopts infrared verification to measure the concentration of carbon dioxide during tunnel construction blasting.
4. The intelligent centralized control system for tunnel construction blasting exhaust according to claim 2, wherein the human body induction sensor is a plurality of human body pyroelectric infrared induction modules, and the plurality of human body pyroelectric infrared induction modules are arranged in parallel at intervals of 5 meters along the circumferential direction of the operation equipment.
5. The intelligent centralized control system for blasting and exhausting in tunnel construction according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising: the alarm unit is connected with the first programmable logic controller;
in a corresponding manner, the first and second optical fibers are,
the first programmable logic controller judges that the received environmental data exceeds a set value based on a preset logic relationship, and sends an alarm instruction to the alarm unit;
alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,
and the first programmable logic controller judges that the received environment data is not changed within first preset time based on a preset logic relationship and sends an alarm instruction to the alarm unit.
6. An intelligent centralized control method for blasting and air exhaust in tunnel construction is characterized by comprising the following steps:
determining whether to send a control instruction or not based on a preset logical relation according to the collected environmental data of the tunnel construction blasting;
responding to the control instruction, controlling an air exhaust unit installed in the tunnel to perform variable frequency operation so as to exhaust air and remove dust in the tunnel;
wherein, the control command comprises the real-time operating frequency of the air exhaust unit, and is as follows:
determining the real-time operation frequency of the air exhaust unit;
wherein E represents the real-time operating frequency of the exhaust unit; h represents the dust concentration in the environmental data; h min Indicating a predetermined dust concentrationThe lower limit of degree; h max Representing a preset dust concentration upper limit; e max Representing a maximum operating frequency of the exhaust unit;
representing the minimum operating frequency of the exhaust unit.
7. The intelligent centralized control method for blasting and exhausting in tunnel construction according to claim 6, wherein the determining whether to issue a control command based on a preset logical relationship according to the collected environmental data of blasting in tunnel construction comprises:
and in response to the preset starting time, determining that the number of target personnel in the environment data is zero, the noise data in the environment data is smaller than a preset noise threshold, and the power loop current in the environment data is smaller than a preset current threshold, and sending the pre-starting instruction of the exhaust system.
8. The intelligent centralized control method for blasting and exhausting in tunnel construction according to claim 6, wherein the controlling the variable frequency operation of the exhaust unit installed in the tunnel in response to the control command to exhaust and remove dust in the tunnel comprises:
responding to the control instruction and controlling the exhaust unit arranged in the tunnel to perform variable frequency operation so as to exhaust air and remove dust in the tunnel when the dust concentration is increased within a second preset time;
and responding to the control instruction sent out and controlling the exhaust unit installed in the tunnel to stop running when the dust concentration is unchanged within the second preset time.
9. The intelligent centralized control method for blasting and exhausting in tunnel construction according to claim 6, wherein after the controlling the variable frequency operation of the exhaust unit installed in the tunnel in response to the sending of the control command to perform the dust removal and exhaust in the tunnel, the method further comprises:
and controlling the exhaust unit in the tunnel to stop running in response to the fact that the dust concentration is smaller than the lower limit of the preset dust concentration for a third preset time.
10. The intelligent centralized control method for blasting discharge of tunnel construction according to any one of claims 6-9, wherein the intelligent centralized control method for blasting discharge of tunnel construction further comprises:
responding to the fact that the dust concentration exceeds the preset dust concentration upper limit and the exhaust unit reaches the maximum operation frequency, delaying a fourth preset time, and automatically starting a dust-settling spraying unit for a fifth preset time; the dust fall spraying system is arranged in the tunnel;
the fifth preset time is as follows:
in the formula, t 5 Represents the fifth preset time in seconds; l is a radical of an alcohol i The length of the tunnel in the ith blasting construction of the tunnel is expressed in meters.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210470105.8A CN114995272A (en) | 2022-04-28 | 2022-04-28 | Intelligent centralized control system and method for blasting and air exhaust in tunnel construction |
| PCT/CN2023/089785 WO2023165633A1 (en) | 2022-04-28 | 2023-04-21 | Intelligent centralized control system and method for tunnel construction blasting and exhaust |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210470105.8A CN114995272A (en) | 2022-04-28 | 2022-04-28 | Intelligent centralized control system and method for blasting and air exhaust in tunnel construction |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| WO2023165633A1 (en) * | 2022-04-28 | 2023-09-07 | 中铁九局集团电务工程有限公司 | Intelligent centralized control system and method for tunnel construction blasting and exhaust |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN117386434A (en) * | 2023-10-13 | 2024-01-12 | 合肥合安智为科技有限公司 | Three-dimensional GIS multi-mode green mine intelligent road dust suppression system |
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| CN114995272A (en) * | 2022-04-28 | 2022-09-02 | 中铁九局集团电务工程有限公司 | Intelligent centralized control system and method for blasting and air exhaust in tunnel construction |
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| WO2023165633A1 (en) | 2023-09-07 |
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