CN114991532A - Residential building with ladder rooms and entrances and exits arranged on at least two sides of each unit - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of residential buildings, in particular to a residential building with a ladder room and an entrance and exit arranged on at least two sides of each unit. The residential building comprises a residential main body, an inner ladder room, an outer ladder room and/or a spacing ladder room. The technical scheme is as follows: the method comprises the following steps that at least any two surfaces of outer walls are arranged in the interior of each unit residential building and/or the exterior of a residential main body, and each surface is provided with an inner ladder room, an outer ladder room and/or a spacing ladder room and a corresponding entrance and exit; the external stairwell and/or the interval stairwell are/is also provided with outdoor open type aerial courtyards, and the courtyards are used for connecting the corresponding external walls where the residential main body access is located with the corresponding external stairwell and/or the interval stairwell access is located. Each household of the residential building is provided with an entrance and an exit at least on two sides, so that evacuation and escape are facilitated; the external elevator rooms and/or the spacing elevator rooms are arranged, so that a common elevator can run in case of fire, the public stall area of a high-rise residential building is reduced, epidemic prevention and epidemic prevention are facilitated, and each household has an outdoor exclusive courtyard.

Description

Residential building with ladder rooms and entrances and exits arranged on at least two sides of each unit

First, technical field and some word meanings in this application

The invention relates to the field of residential buildings, in particular to a residential building with a ladder room and an entrance and exit arranged on at least two sides of each unit.

Unit type residential building refers to a unit type building for people to live and comprises a plurality of residential units. Including apartment houses, dormitories, or residential buildings for the elderly. The unit residential building of the present invention includes any number of floors.

Living unit refers to a living building basic unit including a living body, an elevator room and/or a staircase room and the like.

The living body refers to a space in a living building, which comprises a bedroom, a living room, a dining room, a kitchen, a toilet and the like or a part of the living building, and does not comprise a public elevator room and/or a public stairway room. Including several households.

The elevator room and the staircase room are collectively called as the elevator room for short, and the elevator room and the staircase room are arranged together and comprise the elevator room inside, the elevator room outside and the elevator room at intervals according to the arrangement positions.

The inner elevator hall refers to a hall which is arranged in a residential building room, is arranged outside or indoors and outdoors, and is provided with a local part, and the entrance door is arranged in the residential building room, is called as the inner hall for short, and comprises an inner elevator hall and/or an inner staircase.

The external stairwell is arranged outside the living body, is connected with the living body (the stairwell and the living body share a wall, and the shared wall belongs to an inner wall), is arranged on the outer wall of the stairwell, and is a stairwell access (which is not necessarily an access door, and is described in detail later) required by the entrance, and is communicated with the entrance of the living body through an outdoor open type aerial courtyard, namely, the external stairwell for short, and comprises an external elevator well and/or an external stairwell.

The compartment is a compartment which is arranged outside the living body and is not connected with the living body, a compartment access required for entering a house (not necessarily an entrance door, which will be described in detail later) is arranged on the outer wall of the compartment, and the compartment access is communicated with the living body access through an outdoor open-type aerial courtyard, is referred to as a compartment, and comprises a compartment elevator room and/or a compartment stairway.

Second, background Art

The existing unit type residential building is centrally provided with an internal ladder room in a residential building room; each house is only provided with an entrance door which is only 1 and enters from the interior of the residential building; the ordinary elevator in the elevator room can not run in case of fire and can not be used for evacuation and escape; particularly, the total height of the building exceeds a certain height (hereinafter referred to as a high-rise building), and each unit needs to be provided with two stairs or an evacuation path equivalent to the two stairs, so that the shared area is too large; there is no separate outdoor isolated space between the inner ladder room and each indoor room, and there is no separate outdoor courtyard (advanced courtyard and rear indoor courtyard) for each indoor room like the united villa.

The existing unit type residential building has the following defects in different degrees:

1. evacuation escape and fire rescue are not facilitated in case of fire, an ordinary elevator in the fire cannot operate, and the stall area of the high-rise residential building is too large. The residential building fire is mostly caused by a residential subject, and in the existing residential building fire, a resident can only escape from the room through the only 1 indoor entrance door of the residential building and then run to the first floor outdoor through the internal stairwell to reach a safe area, and the process and the time are long; however, since the interior staircases are easy to be spread by fire and can not pass through, unfavorable residents, especially unfavorable residents at high floors, evacuate and escape, and once only 1 indoor entrance door or the interior staircases can not pass through due to fire spread, the residents have no place to escape.

Because the easy quilt conflagration that is stretchs between inside ladder can not pass through, can not be used as the fire rescue passageway, the fire fighter can only go to the floor that needs the rescue of putting out a fire through the aerial ladder of fire control, not only wastes time and energy, and the degree of difficulty is dangerous greatly, because the aerial ladder of fire control can not reach the floor that surpasss the take the altitude in addition, leads to it to not get the rescue of putting out a fire.

Because inside ordinary elevator is located the residential architecture indoor, face multiple danger during the conflagration, lead to ordinary elevator can not the operation, can not be used for the resident family to evacuate and flee, this problem is urgently needed to be solved.

Each unit of the high-rise residential building needs to be provided with two stairs or an evacuation path equivalent to the two stairs, so that the shared area is too large.

2. The unfavorable epidemic prevention and disease control. The existing residential building resident arrives the resident floor through the internal elevator room, and directly enters the resident room through the entrance door in the residential building room, because there is not outdoor isolation space for each household between the internal elevator room and the resident room, the virus is not only disadvantageously avoided from spreading to the resident room from the internal elevator room during epidemic situation, but also there is no space for setting the facility for outdoor cleaning and disinfection before the resident enters the resident room.

3. There is no outdoor exclusive courtyard (a courtyard that advances indoors after entering an advanced courtyard) indoors, as in a villa.

Third, the invention

The technical problem to be solved is as follows: the defects of the existing unit type residential building are improved.

(II) technical scheme

The invention relates to a residential building with a ladder room and an entrance and exit arranged on at least two sides of each unit, which comprises a residential main body and the ladder room, and is characterized in that: every unit indoor of residential building and/or outdoor edge of residential subject at least arbitrary two sides of outer wall, every side all sets up inside terraced room, outside terraced room and/or interval terraced room, and every unit corresponding every indoor of residential building and/or every family of residential subject outer wall all sets up corresponding main part access & exit, every family sets up corresponding terraced access & exit in the corresponding inside terraced room inner wall, outside terraced room outer wall and/or every family of interval terraced room outer wall, and every family sets up 2 main part access & exits and 2 terraced room access & exits on two sides at least altogether.

Preferably, the interior, exterior and/or partition spaces including an elevator are provided on at least any one side of the exterior walls along at least any two sides of the interior and/or exterior of the residential building and the exterior of the residential subject, and the interior, exterior and/or partition spaces including a staircase are provided on at least any other side of the exterior walls.

Preferably, the external ladder rooms and/or the spacing ladder rooms are arranged on the outer wall of at least any side of the outdoor edge of each unit of the living body; the residential building also comprises an outdoor open type aerial courtyard, wherein the courtyard is arranged outside the residential main body, the external staircases and/or the separation staircases and connects and communicates the main body entrance and exit of the residential main body and the outer wall where the main body entrance and exit are located with the external staircases and/or the staircases entrance and exit and the outer wall where the staircases are located; and arranging the main body entrance and exit at each household on the outer wall of each corresponding living main body unit, arranging the ladder room entrance and exit at each household on the outer wall of the corresponding external ladder room and/or the partition ladder room, and arranging an entrance door or an entrance courtyard door at each household on the corresponding main body entrance and exit, the ladder room entrance and exit or the courtyard connected and communicated with the ladder room entrance and exit.

Preferably, the exterior wall along at least any two sides is arranged outside each unit of the living body, and each side is provided with the exterior ladder rooms and/or the spacing ladder rooms; the courtyards are arranged on each side; and each household on each side of the outer wall of the corresponding living main body unit is provided with the main body entrance and exit, each household on each side of the outer wall of the corresponding external stairway and/or the outer wall of the interval stairway is provided with the stairway entrance and exit, and each household on each side is provided with an entrance door or an entrance courtyard door on each corresponding main body entrance and exit, the stairway entrance and exit or the courtyard connected and communicated with the stairway entrance and exit.

Preferably, the inner stairwell, the outer stairwell and/or the partition stairwell are provided on each side of the outer wall along one of the front and back sides, both side surfaces or the front and back sides and one side surface of the residential building interior and/or the residential body exterior per unit.

Preferably, the interior of the residential building and/or the exterior of the residential body per unit is provided with the inner staircase, the outer staircase and/or the partition staircase including an elevator on one of the two sides, and the inner staircase, the outer staircase and/or the partition staircase including a staircase on the other of the two sides, along the outer wall of one of the front and back sides, both the side surfaces or both the front and back sides, and one side surface.

Preferably, the inner room, the outer room and/or the partition room including an elevator are provided on one of the front and rear sides of the residential building interior and/or the residential subject outdoor unit, and the inner room, the outer room and/or the partition room including a staircase are provided on the opposite side thereof.

Preferably, the inner room, the outer room and/or the partition room including an elevator are provided in each unit of the residential building interior including at least 2 units and/or the residential body exterior along one of the front and back outer walls, and the inner room, the outer room and/or the partition room including a staircase are provided in common in each of at least 2 units on the opposite side thereof.

Preferably, the inner staircase, the outer staircase and/or the partition staircase including an elevator are provided between every two households and/or on the side of each household along the outer wall of one of the front and back sides of each unit of the interior of the residential building and/or the exterior of the residential body, and the inner staircase, the outer staircase and/or the partition staircase including a staircase are provided between every two households and/or on the side of each household on the opposite side thereof.

Preferably, the inner stairwell, the outer stairwell and/or the partition stairwell including an elevator are provided between every two households and/or on the side of each two households along the outer wall of one of the front and the back in each unit of the residential building interior and/or the residential subject exterior, and the inner stairwell, the outer stairwell and/or the partition stairwell including a staircase are provided on the side of each two households corresponding to the space between the two households and/or between each two households corresponding to the side of each two households on the opposite side of the inner stairwell, the outer stairwell and/or the partition stairwell.

Preferably, at least one outer wall along the front and/or back of each unit of the residential building indoor and/or the residential main body outdoor in a shape like Chinese character pin, I-shaped or Y-shaped is provided with the inner compartment, the outer compartment and/or the spacing compartment including an elevator or a stair, and the inner compartment, the outer compartment and/or the spacing compartment including an elevator or a stair are provided along at least one outer wall opposite to each other on two halves.

Preferably, the exterior ladder compartment and the living body share at least one wall.

Preferably, the inner ladder compartment, the outer ladder compartment and/or the separation ladder compartment, or a part thereof, is arranged to be open.

Preferably, the entrance and exit between the external ladders and/or the spaced ladders are arranged on any outer wall of the corresponding external ladders and/or the spaced ladders.

Preferably, the entrance and exit between the external ladders and/or the spaced ladders are arranged on the front, back and/or side outer walls of the corresponding external ladders and/or spaced ladders.

Preferably, the vertical distance between the entrance and the exit of the external stairway and/or the stairway of the separated stairway and the living body is not less than 2 m.

Preferably, the main body of the courtyard is provided on any surface of the corresponding outer ladder bay and/or the partition ladder bay.

Preferably, the main body of the courtyard is arranged on the front, back and/or side of the corresponding outer ladder compartment and/or the corresponding separation ladder compartment.

Preferably, at least two sides of the patio are not or not fully connected to the wall.

Preferably, the courtyard is connected and communicated with only a part of an outer wall where the main body access opening or the ladder room access opening is located.

Preferably, the residential building further comprises an outdoor empty space, and the residential main body, the external ladder rooms, the partition ladder rooms and/or the courtyard, or a space enclosed by a part of the residential main body, the external ladder rooms, the partition ladder rooms and/or the courtyard, is set as the outdoor empty space.

Preferably, water supply, power supply and/or ventilation facilities which are provided independently of the living body and can be used independently are provided in the inner stairway, the outer stairway and/or the partition stairway.

The living body, the entrance and exit of the ladder rooms and the ladder rooms, the outside ladder rooms and the spacing ladder rooms, the outdoor open-type aerial courtyard, the outdoor open space, the entrance door and the entrance courtyard door are respectively explained as follows:

1. living body and body doorway

The orientation of the residential building or the residential subject is not limited, the north and south faces in the south-north direction are called front faces or back faces, and the other faces are called side faces; the other orientations are analogized.

The main body entrance/exit is provided on an outer wall of a living body (including any outer wall of a living body communicating with an external stairwell and/or a partition stairwell through a yard), and is an entrance/exit for the living body to/from the courtyard, which is not necessarily an entrance door, as will be described later.

2. Between ladders, entrance and exit between ladders, between external ladders and between spaced ladders

In the interior ladder room, the exterior ladder room and/or the spacing ladder room, water supply, power supply and/or ventilation facilities which are independent from the living body and can be used independently are arranged, so that the independent power supply is arranged in the ladder room during fire disaster, the elevator can run, the independent water supply can be used for fire fighting and fire extinguishing, and the independent ventilation is favorable for evacuation and escape.

The entrance and exit between ladders refers to the indoor and outdoor entrances which are arranged on the outer wall of the external ladders and/or the partition ladders and lead to the courtyard in the external ladders and/or the partition ladders, and are not necessarily doors for entering the house, which will be described in detail later. The access opening between the external ladders and/or the ladders between the interval ladders can be arranged on any external wall of the external ladders or arranged on the front, back and/or side external walls of the external ladders. The exit and entrance of the staircase should be spaced from the living body by a certain distance, and should be arranged at a position far away from the living body as far as possible, so as to be beneficial to evacuation and escape, and the larger the distance, the better, the vertical distance between the exit and entrance of the staircase and the living body should be not less than 2 meters as far as possible.

A hoistway may be a single hoistway, a single stairwell or a single stairwell, or a combination of the above. The ladder room can be closed or opened.

The external ladder rooms and/or the spacing ladder rooms can be arranged at any position outside the living body, the surface back to or corresponding to the front surface or the back surface of the living body is called a front surface, the opposite surface is called a back surface, and the other surfaces are called side surfaces; and so on for other cases.

Regarding the number of bays. The elevator room and the stairway are respectively arranged on the two sides and each surface of each unit, which is equivalent to the situation that one building elevator room which is arranged in a centralized way for each unit of the existing residential building is divided into one elevator room and one stairway, so that the number of the elevator rooms is not increased.

In connection with elevator operation. The common elevator in the existing residential building is positioned in a residential building room, so that the elevator cannot run due to various dangers in case of fire and cannot be used for evacuation and escape. The outdoor elevator room and/or the partition elevator are arranged outside the living body, the entrance and exit of the elevator room are arranged on the outer wall of the living body, a certain distance is reserved between the entrance and the exit, and the outdoor open type hollow courtyard arranged between the outdoor open type hollow courtyard and the living body is equivalent to an outdoor fire control front room.

Relates to a high-rise residential building. The existing high-rise residential building needs to be provided with two evacuation stairs or an evacuation path equivalent to the two stairs per unit, so that the public stall area of the high-rise residential building is too large. The invention sets at least 2 main body entrances and exits, 2 outdoor courtyards and 2 external staircases and/or separation staircases for each household at least on two sides of each unit of living body outdoor different directions, as mentioned above, the external elevator and/or separation elevator in the fire disaster can be used for evacuation and escape like the external staircases and/or the separation staircases, therefore, the external elevator and/or the separation elevator can replace one evacuation stair, the courtyard can replace a fire control antechamber, therefore, the arrangement of two evacuation stairs and the fire control antechamber is not needed, one external staircase or separation staircase and one external elevator or separation elevator room are equivalent to the evacuation path of two evacuation stairs, and the public stall area of the high-rise living building can be obviously reduced.

With respect to the communal area. The public stall area mainly comprises an inter-ladder area, a public traffic area and a fire-fighting front room area; the number of the ladders is not necessarily increased, so that the area of the ladders is not necessarily increased; the courtyard is equivalent to the public traffic space and the fire control front room of the existing residential building, so that the areas of the public traffic space and the fire control front room are saved; for high-rise residential buildings, the area of a stair is saved, so that the area of a public stall is not increased.

In the invention, the saved area and the area of the balcony are set as the area of the courtyard or the exclusive courtyard, so that the area of each household or public stall is not increased by the courtyard or the exclusive courtyard.

When the elevator room is only an elevator room, the elevators are arranged in groups as much as possible, so that maintenance personnel can take other elevators to reach a public space required by maintenance and can not enter a resident room for maintenance as much as possible when any 1 elevator is damaged and can not run.

When at least 2 units are combined, the ladder rooms of all units can be changed into ladder rooms shared by at least 2 units, and shared ladder rooms can be additionally arranged.

3. Outdoor open type air courtyard and outdoor open space

Outdoor open-type aerial courtyard, sometimes referred to as courtyard for short in this application, refers to connecting and communicating living main body, outside ladder rooms and/or spacing ladder rooms, other courtyards, including connecting and connecting main body access & exit and its place outer wall and ladder room access & exit and its place outer wall, its edge not connected with wall body sets up enclosure facilities such as railing, breast board, sets up in multilayer, many places, mainly supplies outdoor horizontal traffic and outdoor movable outdoor open-type aerial platform and/or corridor of resident family, including sharing courtyard and/or exclusive courtyard.

The independent courtyard refers to a courtyard which is only used by each user independently. Shared courtyards, refers to courtyards for at least 2 users for common use or public needs. The same courtyard needs to be divided into a common courtyard and an independent courtyard, and the courtyards can be divided by facilities such as railings. The difference between the independent courtyard and the balcony is that the balcony can only be communicated with the living body, and the independent courtyard can be communicated with the living body and the external ladder rooms and/or the spacing ladder rooms directly or through the shared courtyard.

The courtyards are arranged among the living main body, the external ladder rooms, the spacing ladder rooms and/or other courtyards and are connected with each other; the courtyard directly connected with the external ladders and/or the spacing ladders can be arranged on any surface of the external ladders and/or the spacing ladders or on the front surface, the back surface and/or the side surfaces of the external ladders and/or the spacing ladders.

The courtyard is connected with the living main body, the external ladder rooms and/or the spacing ladder rooms, can be connected with only a part of outer walls where the main body access opening or the ladder room access opening is located, and is spaced from other outer walls at a proper distance.

The size, the area and the like of the courtyard can be randomly arranged; when the dimensions, area, etc. are converted into the area of the courtyard or the exclusive courtyard together with the area of the balcony and the aforementioned saved public stall of the existing residential building, the construction cost is equivalent to that of the existing residential building, and therefore, the construction cost is not necessarily increased. When the size and the area are set to be larger, the use function can be increased, and a small increase in the manufacturing cost is also worth the cost.

The courtyard is open as much as possible, and one courtyard is open as much as possible, including an independent courtyard or a courtyard which is independent and comprises the independent courtyard and a shared courtyard, wherein more than two sides of the courtyard are not connected with or not connected with the wall body completely.

The outdoor open space is an outdoor open space which is enclosed by a living body, an external ladder room and/or a spacing ladder room and a courtyard on the living building plane or is vertically open.

4. Entrance door and entrance courtyard door

The entrance door (comprising an entrance door arranged on a wall body and an entrance courtyard door arranged on a courtyard) refers to a door for communicating the inside and the outside of a household. When a shared courtyard or a public space is arranged outside the entrance and exit of the main body, the entrance and exit are indoor and outdoor boundary lines of a household and are entrance doors; when the exclusive courtyard is arranged outside the entrance and exit of the main body, the exclusive courtyard is not a boundary line between the inside and the outside of a house, is only a boundary line between the inside and the outside of the house, and is a door for entering and exiting the inside of the house; the door arranged on the boundary line of the independent courtyard and the shared courtyard or the public space is an entrance door.

When only the independent courtyards are arranged between the living main body and the external staircases and/or the spacing staircases, the corresponding external staircases and/or the external walls of the spacing staircases are the indoor and outdoor boundary lines, and the corresponding exit and entrance of the exterior staircases and/or the spacing staircases are the entrance doors.

The house courtyard door refers to a door which is communicated with the independent courtyard of a resident, a shared courtyard or a public space. When the independent courtyard, the shared courtyard or the public space is arranged between the living body and the external stairway and/or the spacing stairway in sequence, the separation facilities of the independent courtyard and the shared courtyard or the public space are the indoor and outdoor boundary lines of a household, and the door arranged on the separation facilities is an entrance door.

(III) advantageous effects

The invention has the advantages that different terraces are arranged on the indoor surface and/or the outdoor surface of the residential building of each unit, the beneficial effects of different degrees are obtained, the effect of spacing the terraces is the best, the space is superior to the external terraces, and the external terraces are superior to the internal terraces.

1. The elevator in the fire disaster can be operated, thus being beneficial to evacuation and escape and fire rescue in the fire disaster and reducing the public stall area of the high-rise residential building.

When the external elevator room and/or the spacing elevator room are arranged, the external elevator room and/or the spacing elevator room are arranged outside the living body, the entrance and exit of the elevator room are arranged on the outer wall of the external elevator room and are spaced from the living body by a certain distance, and an outdoor open type air courtyard arranged between the external elevator room and the living body is equivalent to an outdoor fire control front room, so that the external elevator room and/or the spacing elevator room are not easy to spread by fire during fire, the external elevator room and/or the spacing elevator room are outdoor safe areas, power supply facilities which are arranged independently from the living body and can be used independently are arranged in the external elevator room and the spacing elevator room, and the common elevator can be independently powered to run during fire and can be used for evacuation and escape like the external elevator room and/or the spacing elevator room.

When the external stairwell and/or the separation stairwell are arranged, at least two sides of each unit of living main body are arranged in different directions outside the room, each household is provided with at least 2 main body entrances and exits, 2 outdoor courtyards and 2 external stairwells and/or separation stairwells, the courtyards are equivalent to outdoor fire-fighting front rooms, as mentioned above, the external stairwells and/or the separation stairwells in the fire disaster can be used for evacuation and escape like the external stairwells and/or the separation stairwells, so each household is provided with 2 evacuation and escape routes, and when 1 of the external stairwells is spread by the fire disaster and cannot pass through the evacuation and escape routes, the other 1 of the household can be evacuated and escaped, and the situation that the household cannot escape is avoided.

In case of fire, the resident can enter the outside stairwell and/or the separation stairwell from the living main body to the outdoor courtyard (through the main body entrance and exit or the outdoor window in the courtyard), namely, the resident can safely and further keep away from the outdoor safety area, evacuation and escape can be conveniently and rapidly completed on the floor, the process and time are short, and the evacuation and escape condition is obviously better than that of the existing residential building.

Set up between outside ladder and/or interval ladder time, be difficult for being stretched by the conflagration between outside ladder and/or interval ladder when the conflagration, be outdoor safe region, can be used as the fire rescue passageway, the fireman accessible it conveniently goes to arbitrary floor fast and implements the rescue of putting out a fire, include also can implement the higher floor that the aerial ladder of fighting can not reach, than aerial ladder labour saving and time saving, reduce the degree of difficulty and danger. When water supply, power supply and/or ventilation facilities which are mutually independent from the living main body and can be independently used are arranged between the external ladders and/or the spacing ladders, independent water supply can be used for fire fighting and extinguishment during fire, independent power supply can be used for running of the ladders, independent ventilation is provided, evacuation and escape are facilitated, and evacuation and escape and fire rescue are more convenient.

The existing high-rise residential building needs to be provided with two evacuation stairs or evacuation paths equivalent to the two stairs per unit, so that the public area of the high-rise residential building is too large. When the external staircases and/or the separation staircases are arranged, at least two sides of each unit of living body in different directions outside the room are provided, at least 2 main body entrances and exits, 2 outdoor courtyards and 2 external staircases and/or separation staircases are arranged for each household, the courtyards are equivalent to outdoor fire-fighting front rooms, and as mentioned above, the external staircases and/or the separation staircases in the fire can be used for evacuation and escape like the external staircases and/or the separation staircases. Therefore, for the high-rise residential building, the external elevator room and/or the spacing elevator room can replace one evacuation stair, the courtyard can replace a fire front room, two evacuation stairs and two fire front rooms are not needed to be arranged, one external stair or spacing stair room and one external elevator room or spacing elevator room are used and are equivalent to evacuation paths of the two evacuation stairs, and the public stall area of the high-rise residential building can be obviously reduced.

Once only 1 indoor entrance door or the interior ladder room of the existing residential building is spread by fire and can not pass through, residents have no place to escape. But a fire would be wonderful if it only spread one side of the single 1 indoor entrance door or interior bay and not spread the other side, but has nothing to escape because there is no exit on the other side. When only the internal ladder room is arranged, the invention can also arrange 2 entrance doors and 2 internal ladder rooms for each house in different directions in the residential building, and has 2 evacuation escape ways during fire, at least when the fire only spreads one surface, the invention can evacuate and escape to avoid the above situation, and the evacuation escape conditions are better than the existing residential building.

2. Is favorable for epidemic prevention and epidemic prevention. When setting up outside ladder room and/or interval ladder room, the exclusive courtyard can be used as outside ladder room and/or interval ladder room and the indoor outdoor isolation space of resident family, and it is indoor not only favorable to avoid the virus to propagate to the resident family from outside ladder room and/or interval ladder room when the epidemic situation, can set up outdoor cleaning and disinfecting facility in the exclusive courtyard moreover, makes things convenient for the resident family to get into before indoor after the family returns, carries out outdoor cleaning and disinfecting earlier.

3. Each house has a unique courtyard. When the external ladder rooms and/or the spacing ladder rooms are arranged, because the external ladder rooms and/or the spacing ladder rooms are arranged outside the living main body, the entrances and exits of the ladder rooms and the entrances and exits of the main body are arranged on the respective outer walls, a certain type of communication space must be arranged between the two entrances and exits, and the communication space is utilized in an outdoor open type air courtyard form to form an outdoor courtyard; when the shared courtyard is not needed, the shared courtyard is directly used as an independent courtyard, when the shared courtyard is needed, a part of the shared courtyard close to the outer ladder rooms and/or the spacing ladder rooms can be used as the shared courtyard, and the other part of the shared courtyard close to the living body can be used as the independent courtyard. The independent courtyard is beneficial to the householders, particularly the old householders to frequently carry out indoor and outdoor activities at home, the householders' in-and-out mode is obviously different from the existing residential buildings, the householders of the existing residential buildings reach the floor through the internal stairway and directly enter the householders through the indoor entrance door, and the householders of the invention reach the floor, pass through the indoor and outdoor space of the independent courtyard after passing through the entrance door or the entrance courtyard door, and then enter the householders indoors, so that the in-and-out mode, the living situation and the like of the householders are favorably changed, and the living experience is very similar to that of a rowed villa.

Description of the drawings

In order to more clearly and completely describe the technical solution of the present invention, the drawings used in the detailed description are briefly introduced below.

FIGS. 1-36 are plan views of modular floors of single-line residential buildings according to embodiments 1-36, respectively; fig. 37 and 38 are front and rear perspective views of fig. 6, 39 and 40 of fig. 7, 42 and 43 of fig. 17, 44 and 45 of fig. 19, and 41 of fig. 12. The unit type residential building of the invention comprises any number of floors, which are only shown schematically in the figure.

In the plan view, a single solid line represents a wall body (including a window) of a living body or a ladder room, an opening is a body access or a ladder room access, the indoor plane arrangement of the living body is omitted, a single solid line small square represents a column, a double solid line represents enclosure or partition facilities of an outdoor open-type aerial courtyard, and an opening is a courtyard door. The directions of the south, the east and the west and the north are not limited in the plan view, and do not refer to the upper north, the lower south, the left west and the right east of the architectural drawing.

Reference numerals: 1-living subject, 2-single courtyard or balcony, 3-common courtyard, 4-elevator room, 5-staircase room, 6-outdoor open space, and the marked 'delta' position is an entrance door or a courtyard door.

Fifth, detailed description of the invention

The technical solution of the present invention will be more clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, which are only a part of the drawings and embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings and embodiments obtained based on the drawings and embodiments belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

The following description focuses on embodiment 1, and other embodiments are only briefly described, and are not repeated herein.

In other embodiments, each house is provided with 2 main body entrances and exits or entrance doors in different directions, and 2 corresponding inner ladders, outer ladders and/or interval ladders. Arranging external ladders and/or spacing ladders and corresponding 2 courtyards, wherein the entrances and exits of the ladders and the main bodies of the courtyards are arranged on the side surfaces of the corresponding ladders, and more than two sides of the courtyards are not or not fully connected with a wall body; can be 1 unit, also can be at least 2 units; by providing different bays on both sides of each unit of residential building in different directions and/or outside the residential subject, other embodiments achieve the same or similar advantages as embodiment 1, with the best spacing between bays being superior to the outside bays, and the outside bays being superior to the inside bays.

1. FIG. 1 is a plan view of a standard floor of a unit according to embodiment 1, in which 1 group of partitioned elevator rooms are installed on one of the front and back sides of the exterior of each unit of living body, and 1 group of partitioned stairrooms are installed on the opposite side; each household is provided with 2 main body entrances and exits on two sides of the outer wall of the living main body in different directions, the entrances and exits of the staircases between two spaced staircases on the two sides are all arranged on the outer wall of the side face of each household, 2 courtyards are all arranged on the side face of each spaced staircase, two sides of each courtyard are not connected with a wall body, a courtyard entrance courtyard door is arranged at the boundary of the shared courtyard and the independent courtyard at one side of each spaced staircase, only an independent courtyard is arranged at one side of the spaced staircase on the opposite side of each courtyard, and the entrances and exits of the staircases are entrance doors. The number of the units can be 1, and at least 2 units can be combined.

In the embodiment, two separated elevator rooms arranged on two sides are positioned outside the living body, the entrance and exit of the elevator room are arranged on the outer wall and are separated from the living body at a certain distance, and the outdoor open type aerial courtyard arranged between the outdoor open type aerial courtyard and the living body is equivalent to an outdoor fire-fighting front room, so that the separated elevator rooms are not easy to spread by fire during fire, and are outdoor safe areas, power supply facilities which are mutually independent from the living body and can be independently used are arranged in the separated elevator rooms, and the common elevator can be independently powered to run during fire and can be used for evacuation and escape like the separated elevator rooms.

In the embodiment, on two sides of each unit of living main body in different directions, 2 main body entrances and exits, 2 outdoor courtyards and 2 partition staircases are arranged in each household, and the courtyards are equivalent to outdoor fire control front rooms.

In the embodiment, in case of fire, a resident can enter the separation ladder room as long as the resident can escape from the living main body to the outdoor courtyard (whether through the main body entrance or the outdoor window in the courtyard), namely, the resident reaches an outdoor safe area, and then the resident can safely and further keep away from the outdoor safe area.

This embodiment is when the conflagration, because the interval ladder is difficult for being stretched by the conflagration, is outdoor safe region, can be used as the fire rescue passageway, and it is convenient that the firefighter accessible goes to arbitrary floor fast and implements the rescue of putting out a fire, includes also can implement the higher floor that the aerial ladder can not arrive to the fire control, compares aerial ladder labour saving and time saving, reduces the degree of difficulty and danger. When water supply, power supply and/or ventilation facilities which are independent from the living body and can be used independently are arranged between the separation ladders, independent water supply can be used for fire fighting and extinguishment during fire hazard, independent power supply can be used for the operation of the ladders, and independent ventilation is provided for facilitating evacuation and escape, so that evacuation and escape and fire rescue are facilitated.

The existing high-rise residential building needs to be provided with two evacuation stairs or evacuation paths equivalent to the two stairs per unit, so that the public area of the high-rise residential building is too large. In the embodiment, at least 2 main body entrances and exits, 2 outdoor courtyards and 2 partition staircases are arranged on two sides of each unit of living main body in different directions outdoors, and the courtyards are equivalent to outdoor fire-fighting front rooms. Therefore, for high-rise residential buildings, the separated elevator room can replace 1 evacuation stair and the courtyard can replace a fire-fighting front room, so that 2 evacuation stairs and 2 fire-fighting front rooms are not needed to be arranged, one separated elevator room and one separated elevator room are used, which is equivalent to the evacuation way of two evacuation stairs, and the public stall area of the high-rise residential buildings can be obviously reduced.

The exclusive courtyard arranged in the embodiment can be used as an outdoor isolation space between the interval ladder room and the indoor space of the householder, so that the virus is prevented from spreading to the indoor space of the householder from the interval ladder room in case of epidemic, and outdoor cleaning and disinfection facilities such as a hand basin and the like can be arranged in the exclusive courtyard, thereby facilitating the outdoor cleaning and disinfection before the householder enters the indoor space after returning home.

The compartment ladder set in this embodiment is set outside the living body, the entrance and exit of the compartment ladder and the entrance and exit of the body are set on their outer walls, a communicating space of some form must be set between the two entrances and exits, the communicating space is used in the form of outdoor open type air courtyard, and the outdoor courtyard is formed; in the present embodiment, a courtyard door is provided at a boundary between a shared courtyard and an exclusive courtyard on one side of an elevator car, only the exclusive courtyard is provided on one side of an interval staircase on the opposite side thereof, and an entrance and an exit of the staircase are the entrance doors.

The independent courtyard is beneficial to the residents, particularly the old residents to frequently carry out indoor and outdoor activities at home, the mode of the resident going in and out is obviously different from that of the existing residential building, the resident of the existing residential building reaches the floor through the internal stairway and directly enters the resident room through the indoor entrance door, the resident of the embodiment reaches the floor, passes through the indoor and outdoor space of the independent courtyard after passing through the entrance door or the entrance courtyard door and then enters the resident room, the mode of the resident going in and out, the living scene and the like are beneficially changed, and the living experience is very similar to that of a united villa.

2. Fig. 2 is a plan view of a standard floor of the unit of embodiment 2, similar to embodiment 1, with a spacer elevator car in place of a spacer elevator car.

3. FIG. 3 is a plan view of the standard layer assembly of example 3, which is a 2-cell assembly of example 1.

4. Fig. 4 is a plan view of a standard floor assembly of example 4, which is a 2-unit assembly of example 1, but only 1 part of 2 units are provided to share a staircase on the side where the staircase is provided.

5. Fig. 5 is a plan view of a standard floor assembly of example 5, which is a 2-unit assembly of example 1, but 2 units of the 2-unit shared compartment are installed on the side where the compartment is installed, and the 2 units are communicated with each other by a shared yard in the area before entering the shared compartment, and is suitable for a case where the 2-unit shared compartment is required to be communicated.

6. Fig. 6 is a plan view of a standard floor of the unit according to embodiment 6, in which 1 partitioned elevator hall is installed on one of the front and rear sides of the exterior of each unit of the living body, and 1 outside staircase is installed on the opposite side thereof, and the entrance/exit of the outside staircase is installed at a position distant from the living body.

7. Fig. 7 is a plan view of a standard floor of the unit of embodiment 7, in which 1 outside staircase is installed on one of the front and back sides of the exterior of each unit of living body, and 1 partitioned staircase is installed on the opposite side.

8. FIG. 8 is a plan view of a standard floor of the unit according to embodiment 8, in which 1 external elevator car is installed on one of the front and rear sides of the exterior of each unit of the living body, and 1 partitioned stairway is installed on the opposite side; the courtyards on two sides of the separation stairwell are only connected with a part of the outer wall where the main body entrance and exit are located.

9. Fig. 9 is a plan view of a standard floor of a unit according to embodiment 9, in which 1 external cage is installed on one of the front and rear sides of the exterior of each unit of the living body, and 1 external staircase is installed on the opposite side thereof, and the entrance/exit of the external staircase is installed at a position distant from the living body.

10. Fig. 10 is a plan view of a standard floor of unit of the embodiment 10, wherein 1 partitioned elevator room and 1 partitioned stairroom are arranged on each side of the outside of the living body of each unit.

11. Fig. 11 is a plan view of a standard floor of a unit according to example 11, in which 1 partitioned elevator room and 1 partitioned stairwell are provided between opposite sides of 2 living bodies outside the room.

12. FIG. 12 is a plan view of the standard layer assembly of example 12, which is a 2-unit assembly of example 10.

13. FIG. 13 is a plan view of the combination of the standard layers in example 13, and is a combination of 2 units in example 11.

14. Fig. 14 is a plan view of a standard floor unit according to example 14, in which 1 partitioned elevator room is installed on one of the front and rear sides of the exterior of each unit housing body, and 1 partitioned stairwell is installed on each of the opposite sides thereof.

15. Fig. 15 is a plan view of a standard floor of the unit of the embodiment 15, in which the spaced elevator hall and the spaced stairwell of the embodiment 14 are replaced with each other.

16. FIG. 16 is a plan view of the standard layer assembly of example 16, which is a 2-unit assembly of example 14.

17. FIG. 17 is a plan view of a standard layer assembly of example 17, which is a 2-unit assembly of example 15.

18. FIG. 18 is a plan view of a standard floor of unit in accordance with example 18, in which 1 partitioned elevator room is installed on each of the front and back sides of the exterior of an I-shaped housing unit, and 1 partitioned stairwell is installed between the opposite exterior sides of the housing units.

19. FIG. 19 is a plan view of a modular level of the unit of example 19, similar to example 18, with a scissors-type spacer stairwell in place of the spacer stairwell.

20. Fig. 20 is a plan view of a standard floor of a unit according to embodiment 20, in which 1 external elevator shaft is provided between two houses on one of the front and back sides of the exterior of each living body unit, and 1 external stairway is provided between the two houses on the opposite side. The external ladder rooms and the living body share three wall bodies.

21. Fig. 21 is a plan view of a modular floor of the unit of embodiment 21, similar to embodiment 20, with a shared yard located at the hoistway entrance of the exterior hoistway and the exterior stairwell.

22. FIG. 22 is a plan view of the standard layer assembly of example 22, which is a 2-unit assembly of example 20.

23. Fig. 23 is a plan view of a standard floor assembly of example 23, which is a 2-unit assembly of example 20, but only 1 unit of 2 units are provided to share the outside staircase on the side where the outside staircase is provided.

24. FIG. 24 is a plan view of a standard layer assembly of example 24, which is a 2-unit assembly of example 21.

25. Fig. 25 is a plan view of a standard floor of a unit in accordance with example 25, in which 1 interior elevator shaft is provided between two floors on one of the front and rear sides of a residential building room of each unit, and 1 interior staircase is provided between two floors on the opposite side thereof.

26. Fig. 26 is a plan view of a standard floor of cells of the embodiment 26, similar to the embodiment 25, except that the number of elevators is different.

27. Fig. 27 is a plan view of a standard floor of a unit according to embodiment 27, in which 1 interior elevator hall is installed between two homes on one of the front and back sides of the interior of each residential building, and 1 exterior staircase is installed between two homes on the opposite side of the exterior of the living body.

28. Fig. 28 is a plan view of a standard floor of a unit according to embodiment 28, in which 1 external elevator car is installed between two floors on one of the front and back sides of the exterior of each unit of living body, and 1 internal staircase is installed between two floors in the interior of the living building on the opposite side.

29. Fig. 29 is a plan view of a standard floor of a unit of embodiment 29, in which 1 external elevator car is installed on each of two outdoor sides of one of the front and rear sides of the exterior of each unit of the living body; on the two outdoor sides of the opposite faces, 1 external staircase is respectively arranged on each side.

30. FIG. 30 is a plan view of a modular floor of the unit of embodiment 30, similar to embodiment 29, with the exterior stairwell facing the exterior wall of the living body flush with the exterior wall of the exterior stairwell.

31. FIG. 31 is a plan view of the standard layer assembly of example 31, which is a 2-unit assembly of example 29.

32. FIG. 32 is a plan view of a standard layer assembly of example 32, which is a 2-unit assembly of example 30.

33. Fig. 33 is a plan view of a standard floor unit in accordance with example 33, in which 1 external cage is installed between two houses on one of the front and back sides of the exterior of each unit housing body, and 1 external staircase is installed on each of the two outdoor sides on the opposite side.

34. Fig. 34 is a plan view of a standard floor of the unit of the embodiment 34, in which the external cage and the external staircase of the embodiment 33 are replaced with each other.

35. FIG. 35 is a plan view of the standard layer assembly of example 35, which is a 2-unit assembly of example 33.

36. FIG. 36 is a plan view of the combination of the standard layers in example 36, and is a combination of 2 units in example 34.

The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; modifications thereof or equivalents thereof may be made while remaining within the scope of the invention.

Claims (10)

1. A residential building with a ladder room and an entrance and exit arranged on at least two sides of each unit comprises a residential main body and the ladder rooms, and is characterized in that: every unit indoor of residential building and/or outdoor edge of residential subject at least arbitrary two sides of outer wall, every side all sets up inside terraced room, outside terraced room and/or interval terraced room, and every unit corresponding every indoor of residential building and/or every family of residential subject outer wall all sets up corresponding main part access & exit, every family sets up corresponding terraced access & exit in the corresponding inside terraced room inner wall, outside terraced room outer wall and/or every family of interval terraced room outer wall, and every family sets up 2 main part access & exits and 2 terraced room access & exits on two sides at least altogether.

2. The residential building of claim 1, wherein: and arranging the inner staircase, the outer staircase and/or the spacing staircase comprising an elevator on at least any one side of the outer walls along at least any two sides of the interior of each unit of the residential building and/or the exterior of the residential main body, and arranging the inner staircase, the outer staircase and/or the spacing staircase comprising a staircase on at least any other side of the outer walls.

3. The residential building of claim 1, wherein: arranging the external ladder rooms and/or the spacing ladder rooms on the outer wall of at least any side of the outdoor edge of each unit of the living body; the residential building also comprises an outdoor open type aerial courtyard, wherein the courtyard is arranged outside the residential main body and the external staircases and/or the separation staircases and connects and communicates the main body entrance and exit of the residential main body and the outer wall where the main body entrance and exit are located with the external staircases and/or the staircases entrance and exit and the outer wall where the staircases are located; and each household is provided with a main body entrance and exit at each corresponding living main body outer wall unit, each household is provided with a staircase entrance and exit at each corresponding external staircase room and/or the partition staircase room outer wall, and each household is provided with an entrance door or an entrance courtyard door at each corresponding main body entrance and exit, the staircase entrance and exit or the courtyard connected and communicated with the main body entrance and the staircase entrance and exit.

4. The residential building of claim 1, wherein: the exterior walls of at least any two sides are arranged outside each unit of the living body, and each side is provided with the exterior ladder rooms and/or the spacing ladder rooms; the courtyards are arranged on each side; and each household on each side of the outer wall of the corresponding living main body unit is provided with the main body entrance and exit, each household on each side of the outer wall of the corresponding external stairway and/or the outer wall of the interval stairway is provided with the stairway entrance and exit, and each household on each side is provided with an entrance door or an entrance courtyard door on each corresponding main body entrance and exit, the stairway entrance and exit or the courtyard connected and communicated with the stairway entrance and exit.

5. The residential building of claim 1, wherein: the inner stairway, the outer stairway and/or the partition stairway are arranged on each side of the outer wall along one of the front and back sides, the two side surfaces or the front and back sides and one side surface in each unit of the residential building interior and/or the residential main body exterior.

6. The residential building of claim 1, wherein: and an outer wall along one of the front and back sides, both side surfaces or the front and back sides and one side surface in each unit of the residential building interior and/or the residential subject exterior, wherein the inner staircase, the outer staircase and/or the partition staircase including an elevator is provided on one of the two sides, and the inner staircase, the outer staircase and/or the partition staircase including a staircase is provided on the other of the two sides.

Alternatively, the inner room, the outer room and/or the partition room including an elevator may be provided on one of the front and back sides of the residential building interior and/or the residential subject outdoor unit, and the inner room, the outer room and/or the partition room including a staircase may be provided on the opposite side thereof.

Or, the inner stairwell, the outer stairwell and/or the partition stairwell including an elevator are provided on the outer wall of one of the front and back sides in each unit of the residential building interior and/or the residential subject exterior including at least 2 units, and the inner stairwell, the outer stairwell and/or the partition stairwell including a staircase are provided in common for each of the at least 2 units on the opposite side.

Or, the inner staircase, the outer staircase and/or the separation staircase including an elevator are arranged between every two households and/or on the side of each household along the outer wall of one of the front and the back in each unit of the residential building interior and/or the residential subject exterior, and the inner staircase, the outer staircase and/or the separation staircase including a staircase are arranged between every two households and/or on the side of each household on the opposite side.

Or, the internal stairwell, the external stairwell and/or the separation stairwell including an elevator are arranged between every two households and/or on the side surface of every two households along the outer wall of one of the front surface and the back surface in each unit of the residential building interior and/or the residential body exterior, and the internal stairwell, the external stairwell and/or the separation stairwell including a staircase are arranged on the side surface of every two households corresponding to the space between every two households and/or between every two households corresponding to the side surface of every two households on the opposite surface.

Or, at least one outer wall of the front surface and/or the back surface is arranged in each unit of residential building indoor and/or residential main body outdoor in a shape of Chinese character pin, I-shaped or Y, each surface is provided with the inner elevator room, the outer elevator room and/or the spacing elevator room comprising an elevator or stairs, and the inner elevator room, the outer elevator room and/or the spacing elevator room comprising an elevator or stairs are arranged along at least one outer wall opposite to each other on two halves.

7. The residential building of claim 1, wherein: the external ladder room and the living body at least share one wall.

Alternatively, the inner ladder compartment, the outer ladder compartment and/or the separation ladder compartment, or a part thereof, is arranged to be open.

Or the entrance and exit between the external ladders and/or the spaced ladders are arranged on any outer wall between the corresponding external ladders and/or between the spaced ladders.

Or the entrance and exit between the external ladders and/or the spaced ladders are arranged on the front, back and/or side outer walls of the corresponding external ladders and/or spaced ladders.

Or the vertical distance between the outside ladder room and/or the ladder room entrance and exit of the spacing ladder room and the living body is not less than 2 meters.

8. The residential building of claim 1, wherein: the main body of the courtyard is arranged on any surface of the corresponding outer ladder room and/or the spacing ladder room.

Or the main body of the courtyard is arranged on the front, the back and/or the side of the corresponding external ladder rooms and/or the corresponding spacing ladder rooms.

Alternatively, at least two sides of the patio may not be attached or not fully attached to a wall.

Or the courtyard is only connected and communicated with a part of the outer wall where the main body access opening or the ladder access opening is positioned.

9. The residential building of claim 1, wherein: the residential building also comprises an outdoor empty space, and the residential main body, the external ladder rooms, the spacing ladder rooms and/or the courtyard, or a space enclosed by a part of the external ladder rooms and/or the courtyard, is set as the outdoor empty space.

10. The residential building of claim 1, wherein: and water supply, power supply and/or ventilation facilities which are independent from the living body and can be used independently are arranged in the inner ladder room, the outer ladder room and/or the spacing ladder room.

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