CN1149902C - 基于矩阵结构的led阵列 - Google Patents
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Abstract
一种基于矩阵结构的发光二极管阵列,其包括:多个输入电阻,这多个输入电阻并联到电流源的一端;和多个输出电阻,其并联到电流源的另一端。接着发光二极管用于连接每个输入电阻到每个输出电阻。按照这样布置,没有两个发光二极管并联,这样任何一个发光二极管的故障不能熄灭其余任何一个发光二极管。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种发光系统,尤其是涉及一种改进的发光二极管阵列结构,其用作照明源。
背景技术
发光二极管(LED)是一种半导体装置,特别是一种p-n结型,其依据电流传入而发射电磁辐射。典型地,发光二极管包含一种半导体材料,磷砷化镓化合物是其合适的选择。通过改变磷和砷的比例,由发光二极管发射的光的波长可以得到调节。
随着半导体材料和光学技术的进步,发光二极管被逐增地用于照明目的。例如,基于铝铟镓磷和铟镓氮技术的高亮度发光二极管目前用于汽车信号、交通灯和信号、大屏幕显示器等等。
在许多上述应用中,在一个阵列结构里连接多个发光二极管来产生较高的流明量。图1图解了一种典型的发光二极管D(1)-D(n)串联的电路。电源1经由电阻R1释放电流信号给发光二极管,这控制了二极管中的电流量。连接成这样的发光二极管通常导致电源高效率和低热应力。
有时候,一个LED可能发生故障。LED的故障可以是断路故障或者短路故障。例如,在短路故障的状态中,发光二极管D(2)假设短路,允许电流穿过发光二极管D(2)(其不能发光)从发光二极管D(1)流到发光二极管D(3)。另一方面,在断路故障状态中,发光二极管D(2)假设断路,这样导致整个图1阵列熄灭。
为了对付这种情形,已经提出其它发光二极管电路。例如,图2A图解了另一个典型的发光二极管电路,其由多个发光二极管支路10、12、14和16并联构成。每个支路包含如图1中串联的发光二极管。在图2A中,支路10包含串联的发光二极管D1(1)-D1(n);支路12包含发光二极管D2(1)-D2(n);支路14包含发光二极管D3(1)-D3(n);和支路16包含发光二极管D4(1)-D4(n)。电源2经由电阻R2提供电流信号给支路10、12、14和16。
这样连接的发光二极管比根据图1中所示电路连接的发光二极管具有更高的可靠性。在断路故障状态中,一个分支中的发光二极管的故障导致该分支中所有发光二极管熄灭,并不明显地影响其余支路中的发光二极管。然而,在一个特殊的支路中,由于一单个发光二极管的断路故障而造成所有发光二极管熄灭的事实仍不是一个理想的结果。在短路故障中,与其余分支相比,第一个分支中的发光二极管的故障可以导致该分支具有较高电流量。与其余分支中的发光二极管相比,通过一单个分支的增加的电流量可以导致其余发光二极管以不同的水平发光。这也不是理想的结果。
还有其它发光二极管电路已经提出来改善这个问题。例如,图2B图解了另一个典型的发光二极管电路,如在先技术的发光系统使用的一样。图2B电路实质上类似于图2A的电路,除了被连接在相邻的发光二极管支路之间的分路。特别是,分路4布置在发光二极管D1(1)/D1(2)、D2(1)/D2(2)、D3(1)/D3(2)和D4(1)/D4(2)之间,并且把支路10、12、14和16相互连接在一起。分路5和6类似地被布置在支路10、12、14和16中的各自的发光二极管之间,并把支路相互连接在一起。
连接成这样的发光二极管比根据图1或2A中所示的电路连接的发光二极管具有更高的可靠性。其结果是因为,在一个断路故障状态中,一个整体支路不因为该支路中的一单个发光二极管的故障而熄灭。反而,经由分路的电流绕过故障的发光二极管。
然而,在一个短路故障状态中,发生故障的发光二极管两端没有电压,由此导致所有电流流经包含故障发光二极管的支路。例如,如果发光二极管D(1)短路,电流将流经上部支路。这样,在图2B中所示的电路中,当一单个发光二极管短路时,在其余每个支路中相应的发光二极管D2(1)、D3(1)和D4(1)也将熄灭。
在图2B所示的电路也存在其它问题。例如,为了确保该电路中的所有发光二极管具有同样的亮度,该电路需要并联的发光二极管已匹配正向电压特性。例如,并联的发光二极管D1(1)、D2(1)、D3(1)和D4(1)必须已紧紧匹配正向电压特性。否则,流经发光二极管的电流信号将变化,导致发光二极管具有不同的亮度。
为了避免亮度变化问题,每个发光二极管的正向电压特性在它使用之前必须得到检测。另外,具有类似电压特性的成套的发光二极管必须被拣到紧密成群的组(也就是说,正向电压特性几乎相同的成套的发光二极管)。紧密分组的成套发光二极管接着必须相互并联安装在发光二极管电路中。该分拣程序是昂贵的、费时的和无效的。
本发明的概述
本发明的一个目的是提供一种改良的发光二极管阵列,其中在一个发光二极管出现故障情况下,其余发光二极管保持照亮。
本发明的另外一个目的是提供一种改良的发光二极管阵列,其中发光二极管的特性不需要紧密相配。
上述目的在一种基于矩阵结构的发光二极管阵列中得以实现,该阵列包含:一个输入端,其连接到电流源的第一端用于接收电流信号;一个输出端,其连接到所述电流源的第二端;多个输入电流调节元件,其并联到所述输入端;多个输出电流调节元件,其并联到所述输出端;和多个发光二极管(LED),其连接每个输入电流调节元件到每个输出电流调节元件,因此没有发光二极管并联。
转让给本发明受让人的共同未决的美国专利,其申请序号为09/431584,于1999年11月1日申请,它公开了一种用于照明的基于点阵结构的LED阵列来解决这个问题。特别是,如图3A所示,发光系统包括一个电源3用于驱动电流信号通过一对并联布置的、电传导支路20和22,每个支路包含多个串联发光二极管D1(1)-D1(n)和D2(1)-D2(n)。在每个支路中,每个发光二极管的正极端通过一个分路连接到相邻支路中相应的发光二极管的负极端,该分路包含其它发光二极管(DS1(1)-DS1(n)和DS2(1)-DS2(n))。这个电路允许使用具有不同正向电压特性的发光二极管,而且还保证所有发光二极管具有大体上相同的亮度。如果在一个支路中一个发光二极管发生故障,在该支路中其余的发光二极管不熄灭。图3B表示上述电路扩展到多个并联支路(20、22和24)。
申请人已经发现该电路可以扩展到更广义的结构。在Bell System Technica1 Journal第27卷379-423页中出现的由C.E.Shannon撰写的一篇文章中,公开一种信息理论中的通道模型,如图4A所示,其中输入顺序指定在左边而输出顺序指定在右边。扇形交叉线路表示一个典型的输出可能涉及的范围。申请人已经发现该通道模型可以用于发光二极管阵列,其中用发光二极管代替图4A中的线,如图4B所示。布置成这样,没有两个发光二极管相互并联,这样任何一个发光二极管或因短路或因断路的故障,不影响其余发光二极管的可操作性。
附图的简要说明
提出的上述以及其它目的和优点将出现在下文中,参考附图来描述本发明,其中:
图1表示一种公知的发光二极管串联电路;
图2A表示一种公知的发光二极管串联/并联电路,而
图2B表示图1具有与串联支路相互连接分路的电路;
图3A表示一种发光二极管的点阵电路,其具有连接到两个支路上的交互分流发光二极管,而
图3B表示图3A扩展到附加支路上的电路;
图4A表示一个通道中的输入和输出之间的关系示意图,而
图4B表示图4A用发光二极管替换的关系示意图;
图5表示本发明第一实施例,其中输入节点的数量等于输出节点的数量;
图6表示本发明第二实施例,其中输入节点的数量大于输出节点的数量;
图7表示本发明第三实施例,其中输入节点的数量小于输出节点的数量;
图8表示多个串联排列的发光二极管单元;
图9表示图8使用图5实施例的电路;和
图10表示图8使用图6和7实施例的电路。
优选实施例的详细描述
图5表示一种基于矩阵结构的发光二极管阵列的第一实施例,其中电源4提供一种电流信号给发光二极管阵列。特别是,电阻R10、R12、R14和R16并联到电源4上。在发光二极管阵列的另一边,电阻R18、R20、R22和R24并联接地。发光二极管LED接着用来连接电阻R10、R12、R14和R16中每个电阻到电阻R18、R20、R22和R24中的每个电阻。观察图5时,其是显然的,由于包含输入和输出电阻,没有两个发光二极管并联。因此,当任何一个发光二极管发生故障时,要么处于短路状态要么处于断路状态,其余所有发光二极管保持发光。
正如图4B中的图所提出的,本发明的原理可以扩展到这种情形,其中输入节点的数量不同于输出节点的数量。特别是,图6表示一种实施例,其中有4个输入节点,如电阻R30、R32、R34和R36所示,而有三个输出节点,如电阻R38、R40和R42所示。类似的如图5中所示,LED连接电阻R30、R32、R34和R36中每个电阻到电阻R38、R40和R42中的每个电阻。又没有两个发光二极管并联。
图7表示另一个实施例,其中有两个输入节点,如电阻R50和R52所示,和四个输出节点,如电阻R54、R56、R58和R60所示。又类似的如图5中所示,LED连接电阻R50和R52中每个电阻到电阻R54、R56、R58和R60中的每个电阻。正如图5和6的实施例,没有两个发光二极管并联。
而图5-7的每个实施例表示一个发光二极管单元,其具有一个发光二极管的宽度,多个这些单元可以串联在一起,如图8中图解所示。这种供应只是一个单元输出端的数量例如CELL-1必须等于下一个单元例如CELL-2输入端的数量。图9表示图5实施例的一个扩展,其中表示为CELL-1’和CELL-2’的图5的两个发光二极管单元串联布置。应该注意CELL-1’的输出电阻和CELL-2’的输入电阻不需要。
图10表示图6和7的一个扩展,其中CELL-1”是图7的发光二极管单元而CELL-2”是图6的发光二极管单元。
此处公开的这种结构的多数交替和修改对于本技术领域的技术人员来说是显而易见的。然而,可以理解上述实施例仅仅是为了阐明的目的并不解释为本发明的限定。所有没有超出本发明精神的修改将包括在附加的权利要求的保护范围内。
Claims (10)
1、一种基于矩阵结构的发光二极管阵列,其用于照明,包含:
一个输入端,其连接到电流源的第一端用于接收电流信号;
一个输出端,其连接到所述电流源的第二端;
多个输入电流调节元件,其并联到所述输入端;
多个输出电流调节元件,其并联到所述输出端;和
多个发光二极管(LED),其连接每个输入电流调节元件到每个输出电流调节元件,因此没有发光二极管并联。
2、根据权利要求1所述的基于矩阵结构的发光二极管阵列,其中每个所述发光二极管(LED)具有:一个正极,其连接到所述多个输入电流调节元件(R10、R12、R14、R16)中的一个上;和一个负极,其连接到所述多个输出电流调节元件(R18、R20、R22、R24)中的一个上。
3、根据权利要求1所述的基于矩阵结构的发光二极管阵列,其中多个输入电流调节元件在数量上等于多个输出电流调节元件。
4、根据权利要求1所述的基于矩阵结构的发光二极管阵列,其中多个输入电流调节元件在数量上不同于多个输出电流调节元件。
5、根据权利要求1所述的基于矩阵结构的发光二极管阵列,其中所述多个输入和输出电流调节元件(R10、R12、R14、R16、R18、R20、R22、R24)是电阻。
6、一种发光二极管电路包含:
一个输入端,其连接到电流源(4)的第一端用于接收电流信号;
一个输出端,其连接到所述电流源的第二端;
多个输入电流调节元件(R10、R12、R14、R16),其并联到所述输入端;
多个输出电流调节元件(R18、R20、R22、R24),其并联到所述输出端;和
多个基于矩阵结构的发光二极管阵列(CELL-1’、CELL-2’),其在所述多个输入和输出电流调节元件(R10、R12、R14、R16、R18、R20、R22、R24)之间串联布置,每个所述的基于矩阵结构的发光二极管阵列(CELL-1’、CELL-2’)包含多个发光二极管(LED),其连接所述阵列每个输入节点到所述阵列的每个输出节点,其中在任何一个所述阵列中的输出节点的数量等于下一个所述阵列的输入节点的数量,和其中在所述串联布置的多个基于矩阵结构的发光二极管阵列的第一个阵列中的输入节点的数量等于所述多个输入电流调节元件(R10、R12、R14、R16)的数量,和在所述串联布置的多个基于矩阵结构的发光二极管阵列(CELL-1’、CELL-2’)的最后一个阵列中的输出节点的数量等于所述多个输出电流调节元件(R18、R20、R22、R24)的数量。
7、根据权利要求6所述的发光二极管电路,其中多个输入电流调节元件(R10、R12、R14、R16)在数量上等于多个输出电流调节元件(R18、R20、R22、R24)。
8、根据权利要求6所述的发光二极管电路,其中多个输入电流调节元件(R30、R32、R34、R36)在数量上大于多个输出电流调节元件(R38、R40、R42)。
9、根据权利要求6所述的发光二极管电路,其中多个输入电流调节元件(R50、R52)在数量上小于多个输出电流调节元件(R54、R56、R58、R60)。
10、根据权利要求6所述的发光二极管电路,其中所述多个输入和输出电流调节元件(R10、R12、R14、R16、R18、R20、R22、R24)是电阻。
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2000
- 2000-03-24 US US09/534,210 patent/US6288497B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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- 2001-02-21 CN CNB018006264A patent/CN1149902C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-02-21 WO PCT/EP2001/001964 patent/WO2001073735A2/en active IP Right Grant
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EP1194918A2 (en) | 2002-04-10 |
JP2003529190A (ja) | 2003-09-30 |
EP1194918B1 (en) | 2007-08-15 |
WO2001073735A2 (en) | 2001-10-04 |
CN1365594A (zh) | 2002-08-21 |
WO2001073735A3 (en) | 2001-12-20 |
US6288497B1 (en) | 2001-09-11 |
TW480754B (en) | 2002-03-21 |
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