CN114982895A - Fermented bovine bone meal prebiotics effervescent tablet and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Fermented bovine bone meal prebiotics effervescent tablet and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114982895A CN114982895A CN202210573884.4A CN202210573884A CN114982895A CN 114982895 A CN114982895 A CN 114982895A CN 202210573884 A CN202210573884 A CN 202210573884A CN 114982895 A CN114982895 A CN 114982895A
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- bone meal
- bovine bone
- fermented
- bovine
- powder
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Images
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L2/00—Non-alcoholic beverages; Dry compositions or concentrates therefor; Their preparation
- A23L2/40—Effervescence-generating compositions
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L2/00—Non-alcoholic beverages; Dry compositions or concentrates therefor; Their preparation
- A23L2/38—Other non-alcoholic beverages
- A23L2/382—Other non-alcoholic beverages fermented
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L2/00—Non-alcoholic beverages; Dry compositions or concentrates therefor; Their preparation
- A23L2/385—Concentrates of non-alcoholic beverages
- A23L2/39—Dry compositions
- A23L2/395—Dry compositions in a particular shape or form
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L2/00—Non-alcoholic beverages; Dry compositions or concentrates therefor; Their preparation
- A23L2/52—Adding ingredients
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
- A23L33/135—Bacteria or derivatives thereof, e.g. probiotics
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L33/20—Reducing nutritive value; Dietetic products with reduced nutritive value
- A23L33/21—Addition of substantially indigestible substances, e.g. dietary fibres
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Nutrition Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Coloring Foods And Improving Nutritive Qualities (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Material From Animals Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a fermented bovine bone meal prebiotics effervescent tablet and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of food. The preparation method comprises the steps of cooking bovine bone meal for degreasing, adding papain for enzymolysis, adding sugar, vitamin E, a broth culture medium, yeast extract powder and water to prepare bovine bone meal fermentation liquid, inoculating lactobacillus paracasei and Kluyveromyces marxianus for fermentation after sterilization, compounding with inulin and fructo-oligosaccharide, and preparing the fermented bovine bone meal prebiotics effervescent tablet by adopting acid-base two-phase separate wet granulation. According to the invention, after the bovine bone meal is subjected to degreasing and enzymolysis treatment, the bovine bone meal is fermented by combining lactic acid bacteria and saccharomycetes, so that the content of free calcium is increased, the flavor of the bone meal is improved, and the fermented and dried bovine bone meal is rich in milk fragrance; secondly, the product contains prebiotics (inulin and fructo-oligosaccharide) and probiotics (lactobacillus paracasei), promotes calcium absorption of human body to a certain extent, and improves the digestion and utilization rate of the product.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of food, and particularly relates to a fermented bovine bone meal prebiotics effervescent tablet and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Calcium is one of the major elements required by the human body and is an important constituent element in the bones and teeth of the human body. How to safely and efficiently supplement calcium is still a topic of increasing concern. The long-term insufficient intake of calcium content in human body can cause metabolic bone diseases such as osteoporosis, rickets and the like. The existing calcium supplement preparations in the market have more varieties, including inorganic acid calcium, organic acid calcium and the like, but the absorption rate of human bodies is lower after eating the calcium supplement preparations, so the research and development of the calcium supplement preparations with high absorption rate of human bodies are urgently needed, and the requirements of people on calcium supplement are met.
Wangchunbo et al invented a fishbone powder effervescent tablet by using pure natural fishbone powder as main calcium source, and the invention only carries out simple degreasing treatment on fishbone, and then adds tabletting ingredients, so that the product structure is single. The ox bone is used as animal bone of ox, and contains rich nutrients, and Ca is used as calcium in bone 10 (PO 4 ) 6 (OH) 2 And CaHPO 4 In the major form, calciumThe mass ratio of the calcium to the phosphorus is close to 2:1, which is the optimal ratio of calcium to phosphorus absorbed by human body. The study of fermented bovine bone meal chewable tablet process by Zhouqi in the text proposes that the bovine bone meal is subjected to enzymolysis by adopting papain and neutral protease; two lactic acid bacteria (Lactobacillus bulgaricus and Streptococcus thermophilus) are selected for fermentation; then Chinese herbal medicines are added to carry out deodorization and seasoning treatment on the bovine bone meal; finally, the product is prepared into chewable tablets of the bovine bone meal. At present, most of the methods focus on selecting single or two lactic acid bacteria to ferment bone meal, and researches on selecting lactic acid bacteria and yeast to jointly ferment bone meal are rarely reported. In addition, how to efficiently utilize the calcium source in the bovine bone meal, improve the calcium supplement effect, promote the digestion and absorption of the product, and produce a composite product with the functions of calcium supplement and calcium absorption promotion still needs attention.
Therefore, the development of the healthy and natural bovine bone meal compound prebiotics calcium supplement product can vigorously develop animal bone resources, fully play the role of the prebiotics in organisms and further promote the development of calcium supplement preparations.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a fermented bovine bone meal prebiotics effervescent tablet and a preparation method thereof, and aims to solve the problems of single form of livestock bone development products, low calcium absorption rate of human bodies and the like in the prior art. The prepared fermented bovine bone meal prebiotics effervescent tablet not only contains natural calcium source and abundant trace elements, but also has the effects of promoting calcium absorption of human bodies and improving the digestion and utilization rate of products.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme:
the invention provides a preparation method of a fermented bovine bone meal prebiotics effervescent tablet, which comprises the following steps: degreasing and carrying out enzymolysis on the bovine bone meal, mixing the defatted and enzymolyzed bovine bone meal with sugar, vitamin E, a broth culture medium, yeast extract powder and water to prepare a bovine bone meal fermentation broth, inoculating lactobacillus paracasei and kluyveromyces marxianus to ferment, compounding a fermentation product with inulin and fructo-oligosaccharide, and carrying out wet granulation by adopting acid-base two-phase separation to prepare the fermented bovine bone meal prebiotics effervescent tablet.
Further, the method comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing the degreased bovine bone meal with water according to the proportion of 20g to 100mL to obtain a bone meal solution, adjusting the pH value of the bone meal solution to acidity, adding papain for enzymolysis, wherein the addition amount of the papain is 15g/kg of the bone meal solution, and performing enzyme deactivation treatment after the enzymolysis is finished to obtain the enzymolyzed bovine bone meal;
(2) preparing bovine bone meal fermentation liquor according to the following mass percentages: 4% of sucrose, 0.5% of vitamin E, 1% of broth culture medium, 0.5% of yeast extract powder, 74% of distilled water and 20% of enzymolysis bovine bone powder; sterilizing the bovine bone meal fermentation liquid, inoculating lactobacillus paracasei and kluyveromyces marxianus to ferment, concentrating and drying to obtain fermented bovine bone meal;
(3) mixing and compounding the fermented bovine bone powder, inulin and fructo-oligosaccharide, and further crushing to obtain compound bovine bone powder;
(4) taking compound bovine bone powder as a raw material, selecting citric acid as an acid source and sodium bicarbonate as an alkali source, matching with 95% alcohol, and performing acid-alkali two-phase separate wet granulation to obtain dry acid granules and dry alkali granules; and mixing the dry granular acid granules and the dry granular alkali granules, adding a lubricant and a sweetener, adding lactobacillus paracasei, granulating, mixing, and tabletting to obtain the fermented bovine bone meal prebiotics effervescent tablet.
Further, the preparation method of the defatted bovine bone powder in the step (1) comprises the following steps: taking bovine femur as a raw material, removing bone marrow, fascia and fat, cutting into bone blocks of 7-8 cm, and soaking in water; putting the bone blocks into a bone crusher for coarse crushing, then putting the bone blocks into a bone paste machine for secondary fine crushing, and sieving the bone blocks by a 60-mesh sieve to obtain bone powder; adding bone powder into distilled water at a liquid-to-material ratio of 5:1, steaming at 100 deg.C for 60min, removing fat, and drying in constant temperature drying oven to obtain defatted Os bovis Seu Bubali powder.
Further, adjusting the pH value of the step (1) to 6.0; the enzyme activity of the papain is 100000U/g; the temperature of the enzymolysis is 60 ℃, and the time is 4 hours; the enzyme deactivation treatment is carried out in a thermostatic water bath at 90 ℃.
Further, the sterilization of the step (2) is sterilization at 121 ℃ for 20 min; the mass ratio of the lactobacillus paracasei to the Kluyveromyces marxianus is 1-3: 1, and the total inoculation amount is 3-5% of the mass of the bovine bone meal fermentation liquid; the fermentation is carried out at 32 ℃ for 18-30 h.
Further, the mass ratio of the fermented bovine bone meal to the inulin and the fructo-oligosaccharide in the step (3) is (11.43-17.14) to 1: 1; the crushing is to be crushed and pass through a 60-mesh sieve.
Further, the acid-base two-phase separate wet granulation step in the step (4) is as follows, and the steps are calculated by mass parts:
mixing 40-60 parts of compound bovine bone meal, 3.5 parts of inulin, 3.5 parts of fructo-oligosaccharide and 9.4-16.8 parts of citric acid, adding 1 part of 95% alcohol, granulating by adopting a 20-mesh sieve wet method, and drying in a 60 ℃ oven to obtain dry granular acid granules;
taking 15.6-28.2 parts of sodium bicarbonate, adding 1 part of 95% alcohol, adopting a 20-mesh sieve for wet granulation, and drying in a 60 ℃ oven to obtain dry granular alkali particles.
Further, the lubricant in the step (4) is molten polyethylene glycol (PEG 6000) added by 2-3 parts by mass, the sweetening agent is aspartame added by 1 part by mass, and lactobacillus paracasei is added by 2 parts by mass.
Further, the specification of the fermented bovine bone meal prebiotics effervescent tablet in the step (4) is 2 g/tablet.
The invention also provides a fermented bovine bone meal prebiotics effervescent tablet prepared by the preparation method.
The invention adopts natural bovine bone powder as a calcium source, and utilizes lactobacillus and saccharomycetes for combined fermentation after enzymolysis, so that the calcium-enriched bovine bone powder has higher polypeptide and soluble calcium, and is more beneficial to the absorption of nutrient components by a human body. Meanwhile, a prebiotics collocation mode of inulin and fructo-oligosaccharide is selected, so that after reaching the intestines and stomach of a human body, organic acid can be generated under the action of intestinal flora, the pH value of the intestinal tract is reduced, mineral substances in the bovine bone are promoted to be dissolved out, and the effect of promoting calcium absorption is achieved. The processed raw materials are integrated and tabletted, and compared with powder, the prepared fermented bovine bone meal prebiotics effervescent tablet is more convenient to eat, carry and store. The lactobacillus paracasei is added into the finished product to promote intestinal peristalsis and greatly improve the digestion and utilization effects of the product.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
compared with the traditional calcium supplement product, the invention utilizes natural bovine bone meal as the main calcium supply raw material, and better meets the requirements of the public on pursuing safe and natural calcium supplement products.
Secondly, the invention firstly selects the lactobacillus paracasei and the kluyveromyces marxianus to jointly ferment the bovine bone meal, utilizes the mutualistic symbiotic action of two microorganisms to enhance the fermentation effect, improves the content of free calcium in the fermentation liquid, and ensures that the calcium in the bovine bone is easily absorbed by human bodies; after combined fermentation, the beef bone flavor is improved, and the beef bone is rich in milk fragrance.
And thirdly, inulin and fructo-oligosaccharide can be used as ideal calcium absorption promoting raw materials, and the calcium absorption promoting effect of the inulin and the fructo-oligosaccharide after mixed use is far greater than that of the inulin and the fructo-oligosaccharide after single use. The invention adopts the compound form of the bovine bone meal and the prebiotics (inulin and fructo-oligosaccharide), and fully improves the absorption capacity of human body to calcium.
The finished product of the invention contains the live lactobacillus paracasei which is used as an important flora in intestinal tracts, can greatly promote the intestinal tract movement of human bodies, improve the digestion and utilization rate of products and actively play a probiotic role.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a diagram of a finished product of the fermented bovine bone meal prebiotics effervescent tablet of example 1;
figure 2 is the score of the orthogonal test result of the ingredients of the fermented bovine bone meal prebiotics effervescent tablet in example 4.
Detailed Description
In the invention, the lactobacillus paracasei and the kluyveromyces marxianus are conventional commercial strains.
The preparation method of defatted bovine bone powder is as follows: taking bovine femur as a raw material, removing bone marrow, fascia and fat, cutting into bone blocks of 7-8 cm, and soaking in water; putting the bone blocks into a bone crusher for crushing, then putting the bone blocks into a bone paste machine for secondary crushing, and sieving the bone blocks by a 60-mesh sieve to obtain bone powder; adding bone powder into distilled water at a liquid-to-material ratio of 5:1, steaming at 100 deg.C for 60min, and drying to obtain defatted Os bovis Seu Bubali powder.
Example 1
(1) Mixing defatted bovine bone powder with water according to a ratio of 20g:100mL to obtain a bone powder solution, adjusting the pH of the bone powder solution to 6, adding papain (enzyme activity is 100000U/g) in an amount of 15g/kg of the bone powder solution, carrying out enzymolysis for 4h at 60 ℃, and carrying out enzyme deactivation treatment in a constant-temperature water bath at 90 ℃ to obtain enzymolysis bovine bone powder;
(2) preparing bovine bone meal fermentation liquor according to the following mass percentages: 4% of sucrose, 0.5% of vitamin E, 1% of MRS broth culture medium, 0.5% of yeast extract powder, 74% of distilled water and 20% of enzymolysis bovine bone powder; sterilizing the bovine bone meal fermentation liquid at 121 ℃ for 20min, cooling, simultaneously inoculating lactobacillus paracasei and kluyveromyces marxianus, wherein the mass ratio of the lactobacillus paracasei to the kluyveromyces marxianus is 2:1, the total inoculation amount is 3% of the mass of the bovine bone meal fermentation liquid, fermenting at 32 ℃ for 18h, and drying to obtain fermented bovine bone meal;
(3) mixing and compounding the fermented cattle bone powder with the inulin and the fructo-oligosaccharide, wherein the mass ratio of the fermented cattle bone powder to the inulin to the fructo-oligosaccharide is 11.43:1:1, and crushing and sieving by a 60-mesh sieve to obtain the compounded cattle bone powder;
(4) the acid-base two-phase separated wet granulation method comprises the following steps of:
mixing 40 parts of compound bovine bone meal, 3.5 parts of inulin, 3.5 parts of fructo-oligosaccharide and 9.4 parts of citric acid, adding 1 part of 95% alcohol, performing wet granulation by adopting a 20-mesh sieve, and drying at 60 ℃ to obtain dry granular acid granules;
taking 15.6 parts of sodium bicarbonate, adding 1 part of 95% alcohol, adopting a 20-mesh sieve for wet granulation, and drying at 60 ℃ to obtain dry granular alkali particles.
And mixing the dry granular acid granules and the dry granular alkali granules, adding 3 parts of molten polyethylene glycol and 1 part of aspartame, adding 2 parts of lactobacillus paracasei, granulating, mixing and tabletting to obtain the fermented bovine bone meal prebiotics effervescent tablet with the specification of 2 g/tablet.
Through measurement, each bovine bone meal composite effervescent tablet has the calcium conversion rate of 23.52 percent, the disintegration time of 156s, the foaming amount of 8mL and the pH value of 5.88.
Example 2
(1) Mixing the degreased bovine bone meal with water according to a ratio of 20g:100mL to obtain a bone meal solution, adjusting the pH of the bone meal solution to 6, adding papain (the enzyme activity is 100000U/g) and the addition amount of the papain is 15g/kg of the bone meal solution, carrying out enzymolysis for 4h at 60 ℃, and carrying out enzyme deactivation treatment in a constant-temperature water bath at 90 ℃ to obtain enzymolyzed bovine bone meal;
(2) preparing bovine bone meal fermentation liquor according to the following mass percentages: 4% of sucrose, 0.5% of vitamin E, 1% of MRS broth culture medium, 0.5% of yeast extract powder, 74% of distilled water and 20% of enzymolysis bovine bone powder; sterilizing the bovine bone meal fermentation liquid at 121 ℃ for 20min, cooling, simultaneously inoculating lactobacillus paracasei and kluyveromyces marxianus, fermenting at 32 ℃ for 24h, and drying to obtain fermented bovine bone meal, wherein the mass ratio of the lactobacillus paracasei to the kluyveromyces marxianus is 1:1, and the total inoculation amount is 3% of the mass of the bovine bone meal fermentation liquid;
(3) mixing and compounding the fermented bovine bone powder, the inulin and the fructo-oligosaccharide, wherein the mass ratio of the fermented bovine bone powder to the inulin to the fructo-oligosaccharide is 14.29:1:1, and crushing and sieving by a 60-mesh sieve to obtain the compounded bovine bone powder;
(4) the acid-base two-phase separated wet granulation method comprises the following steps of:
mixing 50 parts of compound bovine bone meal, 3.5 parts of inulin, 3.5 parts of fructo-oligosaccharide and 13.1 parts of citric acid, adding 1 part of 95% alcohol, performing wet granulation by adopting a 20-mesh sieve, and drying at 60 ℃ to obtain dry granular acid granules;
taking 21.9 parts of sodium bicarbonate, adding 1 part of 95% alcohol, adopting a 20-mesh sieve for wet granulation, and drying at 60 ℃ to obtain dry granular alkali particles.
And mixing the dry granular acid granules and the dry granular alkali granules, adding 2.5 parts of molten polyethylene glycol and 1 part of aspartame, adding 2 parts of lactobacillus paracasei, granulating, mixing and tabletting to obtain the fermented bovine bone meal prebiotics effervescent tablet with the specification of 2 g/tablet.
Through measurement, the calcium conversion rate of each bovine bone meal composite effervescent tablet is 27.30%, the disintegration time is 180s, the foaming amount is 9mL, and the pH value is 5.96.
Example 3
(1) Mixing defatted bovine bone powder with water according to a ratio of 20g:100mL to obtain a bone powder solution, adjusting the pH of the bone powder solution to 6, adding papain (enzyme activity is 100000U/g) in an amount of 15g/kg of the bone powder solution, carrying out enzymolysis for 4h at 60 ℃, and carrying out enzyme deactivation treatment in a constant-temperature water bath at 90 ℃ to obtain enzymolysis bovine bone powder;
(2) preparing bovine bone meal fermentation liquor according to the following mass percentages: 4% of sucrose, 0.5% of vitamin E, 1% of MRS broth culture medium, 0.5% of yeast extract powder, 74% of distilled water and 20% of enzymolysis bovine bone powder; sterilizing the bovine bone meal fermentation liquid at 121 ℃ for 20min, cooling, simultaneously inoculating lactobacillus paracasei and kluyveromyces marxianus, fermenting at 32 ℃ for 18h, and drying to obtain fermented bovine bone meal, wherein the mass ratio of the lactobacillus paracasei to the kluyveromyces marxianus is 1:1, and the total inoculation amount is 4% of the mass of the bovine bone meal fermentation liquid;
(3) mixing and compounding the fermented bovine bone powder, the inulin and the fructo-oligosaccharide, wherein the mass ratio of the fermented bovine bone powder to the inulin to the fructo-oligosaccharide is 17.14:1:1, and crushing and sieving by a 60-mesh sieve to obtain the compounded bovine bone powder;
(4) the acid-base two-phase separated wet granulation method comprises the following steps of:
taking 60 parts of compound bovine bone meal, 3.5 parts of inulin, 3.5 parts of fructo-oligosaccharide and 16.8 parts of citric acid, mixing, adding 1 part of 95% alcohol, adopting a 20-mesh sieve for wet granulation, and drying at 60 ℃ to obtain dry granular acid granules;
taking 28.2 parts of sodium bicarbonate, adding 1 part of 95% alcohol, adopting a 20-mesh sieve for wet granulation, and drying at 60 ℃ to obtain dry granular alkali particles.
And mixing the dry granular acid granules and the dry granular alkali granules, adding 2 parts of molten polyethylene glycol and 1 part of aspartame, adding 2 parts of lactobacillus paracasei, granulating, mixing and tabletting to obtain the fermented bovine bone meal prebiotics effervescent tablet with the specification of 2 g/tablet.
Through measurement, each bovine bone meal composite effervescent tablet has the calcium conversion rate of 23.99 percent, the disintegration time of 161s, the foaming amount of 10mL and the pH value of 6.19.
Comparative example 1
The difference from example 3 is that the acid and alkali two-phase wet granulation is changed to one-step granulation. The preparation method comprises the following steps of uniformly mixing 60 parts of bovine bone meal, 3.5 parts of inulin, 3.5 parts of fructo-oligosaccharide, 16.8 parts of citric acid, 28.2 parts of sodium bicarbonate, 1 part of aspartame, 2 parts of lactobacillus paracasei and 2 parts of 95% alcohol, and sieving the materials with a 20-mesh sieve for granulation. Then adding 2 parts of molten polyethylene glycol, and tabletting after total mixing, wherein the specification is 2 g/tablet, so as to obtain the fermented bovine bone meal prebiotics effervescent tablet. Compared with the effervescent tablet prepared in the example 3, the effervescent tablet prepared by the method has slightly uneven and sticky appearance, the foaming amount is 6mL, and is obviously lower than that of the effervescent tablet prepared in the example 3.
Example 4
On the basis of the embodiment 1, experimental verification is carried out by singly changing parameter conditions, and the specific contents are as follows:
table 1 shows an orthogonal design test scheme of double-bacteria combined fermented bovine bone meal:
TABLE 1
Table 2 is a table of orthogonal results of dual-bacteria combined fermentation of bovine bone meal:
TABLE 2
As seen from the 9 trials in Table 2, trial 9 was the optimum combination of levels with a calcium conversion of 27.30% and the optimum fermentation conditions were 1:1 ratio of Lactobacillus paracasei and Kluyveromyces marxianus strains, 3 inoculum size and 24 hours fermentation time. By comparing the extreme differences of the 3 factors through an orthogonal test, the conclusion can be obtained that the 3 factors have the important influence degree on the calcium conversion rate, the primary and secondary sequence is C > A > B, namely the fermentation time > the strain proportion > the inoculation amount.
Table 3 shows the orthogonal design test scheme of the ingredients of the combined fermentation bovine bone meal composite effervescent tablet:
TABLE 3
Table 4 is an orthogonal result table of ingredients of the combined fermented bovine bone meal composite effervescent tablet:
TABLE 4
Table 4 the scores of the respective indices (disintegration time, foaming amount, pH) in the test results are shown: the disintegration time accounts for 40%, the foaming amount accounts for 30%, and the pH accounts for 30% of the total score. Wherein the fraction calculation formula of the disintegration time is (the disintegration time is 100 minutes in 150s, and 0 minute in 300 s); the foaming amount calculation formula is (the foaming amount is 100 minutes for 16mL and 0 minute for 6 mL); the pH calculation formula is (the two factors of comprehensive taste and suitable growth condition of lactobacillus paracasei, the pH is 6 and 100 minutes).
From the 9 trials in table 4, trial 6 is the optimum combination of levels with a combined score of 97.28, the best effervescent tablets being 40 parts by mass bone meal, 45 parts by mass citric acid and sodium bicarbonate and PEG 60003 parts. By comparing the range of the 3 factors through an orthogonal test, the conclusion can be obtained that the 3 factors have the influence importance degree on the comprehensive score, and the primary and secondary sequence is B & gt C & gt A, namely the mass ratio of the citric acid to the sodium bicarbonate is larger than the mass ratio of PEG 6000 to the bone meal.
The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements of the technical solutions of the present invention can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the technical solutions of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention defined by the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A preparation method of fermented bovine bone meal prebiotics effervescent tablets is characterized by comprising the following steps: degreasing and carrying out enzymolysis on the bovine bone meal, mixing the defatted and enzymolyzed bovine bone meal with sugar, vitamin E, a broth culture medium, yeast extract powder and water to prepare a bovine bone meal fermentation broth, inoculating lactobacillus paracasei and kluyveromyces marxianus to ferment, compounding a fermentation product with inulin and fructo-oligosaccharide, and carrying out wet granulation by adopting acid-base two-phase separation to prepare the fermented bovine bone meal prebiotics effervescent tablet.
2. The method of claim 1, comprising the steps of:
(1) mixing the degreased bovine bone meal with water according to the proportion of 20g to 100mL to obtain a bone meal solution, adjusting the pH value of the bone meal solution to acidity, adding papain for enzymolysis, wherein the addition amount of the papain is 15g/kg of the bone meal solution, and performing enzyme deactivation treatment after the enzymolysis is finished to obtain the enzymolyzed bovine bone meal;
(2) preparing bovine bone meal fermentation liquor according to the following mass percentages: 4% of sucrose, 0.5% of vitamin E, 1% of broth culture medium, 0.5% of yeast extract powder, 74% of distilled water and 20% of enzymolysis bovine bone powder; sterilizing the bovine bone meal fermentation liquid, inoculating lactobacillus paracasei and kluyveromyces marxianus to ferment, concentrating and drying to obtain fermented bovine bone meal;
(3) mixing and compounding the fermented bovine bone powder, inulin and fructo-oligosaccharide, and crushing to obtain compound bovine bone powder;
(4) taking compound bovine bone powder as a raw material, citric acid as an acid source, sodium bicarbonate as an alkali source, and 95% alcohol as a matching agent, and carrying out acid-alkali two-phase separation wet granulation to obtain dry acid granules and dry alkali granules; and mixing the dry granular acid granules and the dry granular alkali granules, adding a lubricant, a sweetening agent and lactobacillus paracasei, granulating, mixing and tabletting to obtain the fermented bovine bone meal prebiotics effervescent tablet.
3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the defatted bovine bone powder of step (1) is prepared by: taking bovine femur as a raw material, removing bone marrow, fascia and fat, cutting into bone blocks of 7-8 cm, and soaking in water; putting the bone blocks into a bone crusher for crushing, then putting the bone blocks into a bone paste machine for secondary crushing, and sieving the bone blocks by a 60-mesh sieve to obtain bone powder; adding bone powder into distilled water at a liquid-to-material ratio of 5:1, steaming at 100 deg.C for 60min, and drying to obtain defatted Os bovis Seu Bubali powder.
4. The method according to claim 2, wherein the pH in the step (1) is adjusted to 6.0; the enzyme activity of the papain is 100000U/g; the temperature of the enzymolysis is 60 ℃, and the time is 4 hours; the enzyme deactivation treatment is carried out in a thermostatic water bath at 90 ℃.
5. The method according to claim 2, wherein the sterilization of the step (2) is sterilization at 121 ℃ for 20 min; the mass ratio of the lactobacillus paracasei to the Kluyveromyces marxianus is 1-3: 1, and the total inoculation amount is 3-5% of the mass of the bovine bone meal fermentation liquid; the fermentation is carried out at 32 ℃ for 18-30 h.
6. The preparation method according to claim 2, wherein the mass ratio of the fermented bovine bone meal to the inulin and the fructo-oligosaccharide in the step (3) is (11.43-17.14) to 1: 1; the crushing is to be crushed and pass through a 60-mesh sieve.
7. The preparation method according to claim 2, wherein the acid-base two-phase separate wet granulation step of step (4) is as follows, in parts by mass:
mixing 40-60 parts of compound bovine bone meal, 3.5 parts of inulin, 3.5 parts of fructo-oligosaccharide and 9.4-16.8 parts of citric acid, adding 1 part of 95% alcohol, granulating by adopting a 20-mesh sieve wet method, and drying at 60 ℃ to obtain dry granular acid granules;
taking 15.6-28.2 parts of sodium bicarbonate, adding 1 part of 95% alcohol, adopting a 20-mesh sieve for wet granulation, and drying at 60 ℃ to obtain dry granular alkali particles.
8. The preparation method according to claim 7, wherein the lubricant in the step (4) is molten polyethylene glycol, 2-3 parts by mass of the lubricant, 1 part by mass of the sweetener is aspartame, and 2 parts by mass of lactobacillus paracasei.
9. The preparation method of claim 2, wherein the fermented bovine bone meal prebiotic effervescent tablet of step (4) has a specification of 2 g/tablet.
10. A fermented bovine bone meal prebiotics effervescent tablet prepared by the preparation method of any one of claims 1-9.
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Application publication date: 20220902 |