CN114982878A - Multifunctional feed additive for reducing cadmium accumulation in aquatic animal and application thereof - Google Patents
Multifunctional feed additive for reducing cadmium accumulation in aquatic animal and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114982878A CN114982878A CN202210509715.4A CN202210509715A CN114982878A CN 114982878 A CN114982878 A CN 114982878A CN 202210509715 A CN202210509715 A CN 202210509715A CN 114982878 A CN114982878 A CN 114982878A
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- aquatic animals
- feed additive
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- cadmium accumulation
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/80—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/163—Sugars; Polysaccharides
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
- A23K20/28—Silicates, e.g. perlites, zeolites or bentonites
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
- A23K20/30—Oligoelements
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C11/00—Other nitrogenous fertilisers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
- Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Birds (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Feed For Specific Animals (AREA)
Abstract
The multifunctional feed additive for reducing the cadmium accumulation in aquatic animals is prepared from the following raw materials: rare earth chitosamine chelate salt, nano-selenium, zinc methionine, amino acid chelate calcium and carrier zeolite powder. The invention also comprises the application of the feed additive in feed. The feed additive can reduce the accumulation of cadmium in aquatic animals, and effectively reduce the concentration of cadmium ions in the aquatic animals; meanwhile, the feed additive has the functions of promoting the growth of aquatic animals, improving the yield of the aquatic animals and enhancing the immunity of the aquatic animals.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a feed additive and application thereof, in particular to a multifunctional feed additive capable of reducing the accumulation of cadmium in aquatic animals, promoting the growth of the aquatic animals and enhancing the immunity of the aquatic animals and application thereof.
Background
Due to the development of modern industry and agriculture, the water quality pollution is increasingly serious, and the problem that the heavy metal in the water body exceeds the standard is particularly obvious. Heavy metals such as cadmium are extremely harmful, belong to highly toxic substances, and have toxic effects on various systems and organs of a human body. If a human body eats the food polluted by cadmium for a long time, excessive cadmium is accumulated in the body, so that the function of glomeruli is damaged, protein in the body is lost from urine, and chondropathy and spontaneous fracture are formed in the long term. In addition, cadmium may distort human chromosomes.
Fishes and shellfishes can accumulate cadmium in water, and aquatic animals such as crustaceans, gastropods, cephalopods and the like and products thereof are easy to accumulate high-level cadmium. As the aquatic organisms have strong enrichment capacity on cadmium, cadmium becomes an important factor influencing the edible safety of aquatic products. A series of measures are taken by the administrative departments of fishery industries at all levels to improve the quality of aquatic products, and the problem that how to promote heavy metals to be metabolized in animal bodies of input products such as fishery drugs, feeds and the like is mainly solved so far.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of overcoming the defects in the prior art and provide the multifunctional feed additive which can reduce the cadmium accumulation in aquatic animals, effectively reduce the cadmium concentration in the aquatic animals, promote the growth of the aquatic animals and enhance the immunity of the aquatic animals.
The invention adopts the technical scheme that the multifunctional feed additive for reducing the cadmium accumulation in aquatic animals is prepared from the following raw materials: rare earth chitosamine chelate salt, nano-selenium, zinc methionine, amino acid chelate calcium and carrier zeolite powder.
Further, the raw materials comprise the following components in percentage by weight: 10-20% of rare earth chitosamine chelate salt, 5-15% of nano selenium, 15-25% of zinc methionine, 15-25% of amino acid chelate calcium and the balance of carrier zeolite powder.
Further, the weight percentage of the raw materials is as follows: 13-17% of rare earth chitosamine chelate salt, 7-9% of nano-selenium, 18-22% of zinc methionine, 18-20% of amino acid chelate calcium and the balance of carrier zeolite powder.
Further, the rare earth refers to rare earth element cerium and/or lanthanum.
The application of the multifunctional feed additive for reducing the cadmium accumulation in aquatic animals in feed.
Further, the use method of the multifunctional feed additive for reducing the cadmium accumulation in the aquatic livestock comprises the following steps: the multifunctional feed additive for reducing the cadmium accumulation in the aquatic animals is added into a complete formula feed according to the proportion of 0.8-1.0 kg/ton for use, or the multifunctional feed additive for reducing the cadmium accumulation in the aquatic animals is directly sprinkled according to the proportion of 300-500 g/mu of water body.
Further, before the multifunctional feed additive for reducing the cadmium accumulation in the aquatic animals is directly sprinkled according to 500g of water per mu of 300-.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) metallothionein (MT) is protein capable of chelating heavy metal in the body in a natural state, is micromolecular protein rich in cysteine, and can strongly chelate heavy metal ions due to a sulfhydryl group (-SH) of MT; research shows that MT gene expression is regulated by zinc daily ration, the digestibility of zinc methionine is far higher than that of inorganic zinc salts such as common zinc sulfate, the synthesis of MT can be effectively promoted, and heavy metals are chelated;
(2) the rare earth element and the phagocytic function of phagocytes are in a dose response dependency relationship, calmodulin is a multifunctional protein, a plurality of directly regulated target enzymes play important roles in cell proliferation, movement and conversion, and the rare earth chitosamine chelate salt can slow down the toxic action of cadmium on animals, compensate the loss of calcium ions caused by cadmium, play a certain role in protecting the growth of aquatic animals polluted by cadmium and improve the production performance of the aquatic animals;
(3) the nano-selenium with nano-particle size can directly enter the aquatic animal body to activate
The outward-discharging molecular pathway of cadmium ions promotes the cadmium ions to be metabolized from the bodies of animals, reduces the cadmium accumulation in the bodies of aquatic animals, compensates calcium loss by matching with amino acid chelated calcium, has strong biocompatibility, can generate competitive inhibition in fish bodies, and effectively reduces the amount of cadmium ions entering the fish bodies;
(4) preferably, the feed additive is used as feed and irradiated by ultraviolet rays before being splashed
The feed additive is injected for 30-60 minutes, so that the antioxidation effect of the rare earth chitosamine chelate salt is doubled, and the growth of aquatic plants in the pond is promoted; the rare earth elements can promote the generation of plant indoleacetic acid, improve the photosynthetic efficiency, compensate calcium ion loss caused by cadmium, and slow down the toxic action of cadmium on plants, thereby improving the production performance of plants, playing a certain protection role on the growth of plants polluted by cadmium, the oxidation of the photocatalyst has the advantages of stable property, no toxicity, no secondary pollution and the like, and the electron hole pair formed in the photocatalytic process has higher recombination rate, thus leading to low quantum yield and low catalytic efficiency in the photocatalytic reaction;
(5) the feed additive of the invention can not only ensure that cadmium is not easy to chelate and accumulate in the bodies of aquatic animals and is discharged out of the bodies quickly, reduce the accumulation amount of cadmium in the bodies, but also promote the growth of the aquatic animals, improve the yield of the aquatic animals, enhance the immunity of the aquatic animals and reduce the occurrence of diseases of the aquatic animals.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following specific examples.
The rare earth (cerium and lanthanum) chitosamine chelate salt used in the embodiment of the invention has a mass content of 32%, the rare earth is cerium and lanthanum (the molar ratio of cerium to lanthanum is 1: 2), and the chitosan oligosaccharide has a mass content of 95%; the molar ratio of zinc methionine to zinc is 2:1 (by Zn) 2+ Calculated) the mass content is 17 percent; the mass content of nano selenium (calculated by Se) is 0.2 percent, and the amino acid chelated calcium (calculated by Ca) 2+ Calculated) is 15 percent. Rare earth (cerium and lanthanum) chitosamine chelate saltsZinc methionine and calcium amino acid chelate are purchased from Dabang, Hunan, Depont, Biotech, Inc., nano-selenium is purchased from Shanghai, four-way, nanotechnology, Port, Inc., and other components in the nano-selenium are carriers.
Examples 1 to 3
Examples 1-3 the raw material ratio of the multifunctional feed additive for reducing the accumulation of cadmium in aquatic animals is shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 EXAMPLES 1 TO 3 raw material ratios of multifunctional feed additives for reducing cadmium accumulation in aquatic animals
Preparation: weighing the raw materials according to the weight ratio, and uniformly mixing to obtain the product.
The application comprises the following steps: the feed additive for reducing the cadmium enrichment in the aquatic animals in the embodiments 1-3 is added into a complete formula feed according to the proportion of 0.8 kg/ton for application.
The feeds (added in an amount of 0.1 wt%) to which the feed additives of examples 1 to 3 were added were used as three test groups, and the basal feed (containing Cd) to which the feed additive of the present invention was not added was used 2+ 10 mg/kg) was used as a control group, and 3 replicates were set for each group. The feeding objects of each group of experiments are all 25 pelteobagrus fulvidraco with uniform tail body mass (10.84 +/-0.32 g), the test time is 8 weeks, the pelteobagrus fulvidraco is fed for 2 times every day (9: 00 am and 15:00 pm), the feeding amount is 3% of the body mass, the feeding period is 12 hours of illumination, 12 hours of darkness, the water temperature is 25-30 ℃, the dissolved oxygen is more than 6.0 mg/L, the ammonia nitrogen content is less than 0.10 mg/L, the nitrite content is less than 0.05 mg/L, and the pH value of the water body is 6.5-7.5.
Influence on growth performance of pelteobagrus fulvidraco
1. Influence on the rate of weight gain
From the change situation of the weight gain rate in table 2, it is found that the weight gain rate of the pelteobagrus fulvidraco in examples 1-3 is significantly greater than that of the control group (P<0.05), wherein the weight gain rate of the pelteobagrus fulvidraco in the embodiment 2 is highest.
2. Effect on survival
As can be seen from the survival rate data in table 2, the survival rates of the pelteobagrus fulvidraco in examples 1 and 2 are both as high as 100%, and the control group is low.
Table 2 influence on growth performance and feed utilization of pelteobagrus fulvidraco
Note: the data in the same row are marked with different lower case letters to show that the difference among the groups is remarkable (P<0.05), the following are the same
(II) influence on liver index of pelteobagrus fulvidraco
As can be seen from Table 3, the contents of glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase and metallothionein all show the same trend of change, namely the contents of glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase and metallothionein in the liver of the pelteobagrus fulvidraco in examples 1-3 are obviously higher than those in a control group: (A)P<0.05), example 2 is highest. In examples 1-3, the malondialdehyde in the liver of the pelteobagrus fulvidraco is significantly lower than that in the control group (P<0.05) with malondialdehyde example 2 being the lowest; the cadmium accumulation in the whole fish is significantly lower than that in the control group, and the lower example 2 is only 45.45% of that in the control group.
TABLE 3 influence on liver index and cadmium content of whole fish
Claims (6)
1. A multifunctional feed additive for reducing cadmium accumulation in aquatic animals is characterized by being prepared from the following raw materials: rare earth chitosamine chelate salt, nano-selenium, zinc methionine, amino acid chelate calcium and carrier zeolite powder.
2. The multifunctional feed additive for reducing cadmium accumulation in aquatic animals according to claim 1, wherein the weight percentage of the raw materials is as follows: 10-20% of rare earth chitosamine chelate salt, 5-15% of nano-selenium, 15-25% of zinc methionine, 15-25% of amino acid chelate calcium and the balance of carrier zeolite powder.
3. The multifunctional feed additive for reducing cadmium accumulation in aquatic animals according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the rare earth is rare earth element cerium and/or lanthanum.
4. Use of a feed additive according to any one of claims 1 to 3 for reducing cadmium accumulation in aquatic animals in feed.
5. The use of the multifunctional feed additive for reducing cadmium accumulation in aquatic animals on feed according to claim 4, wherein the multifunctional feed additive for reducing cadmium accumulation in aquatic animals is used by the following method: the multifunctional feed additive for reducing the cadmium accumulation in the aquatic animals is added into a complete formula feed according to the proportion of 0.8-1.0 kg/ton for use, or the multifunctional feed additive for reducing the cadmium accumulation in the aquatic animals is directly sprinkled according to the proportion of 300-500 g/mu of water body.
6. The use of the multifunctional feed additive for reducing cadmium accumulation in aquatic animals as claimed in claim 5, wherein the multifunctional feed additive for reducing cadmium accumulation in aquatic animals is irradiated with ultraviolet rays for 30-60 minutes before being sprinkled directly in an amount of water of 300-500 g/mu.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210509715.4A CN114982878A (en) | 2022-05-11 | 2022-05-11 | Multifunctional feed additive for reducing cadmium accumulation in aquatic animal and application thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210509715.4A CN114982878A (en) | 2022-05-11 | 2022-05-11 | Multifunctional feed additive for reducing cadmium accumulation in aquatic animal and application thereof |
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| CN114982878A true CN114982878A (en) | 2022-09-02 |
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| CN202210509715.4A Pending CN114982878A (en) | 2022-05-11 | 2022-05-11 | Multifunctional feed additive for reducing cadmium accumulation in aquatic animal and application thereof |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102406061A (en) * | 2011-11-17 | 2012-04-11 | 南京农业大学 | Composite premixed feed for reducing heavy metal residue in animal products as well as preparation method and application thereof |
| CN104171594A (en) * | 2014-07-14 | 2014-12-03 | 集美大学 | Mixed fodder additive capable of reducing absorption and residues of fodder heavy metals in tilapia bodies |
| CN108077655A (en) * | 2018-01-15 | 2018-05-29 | 福建傲农生物科技集团股份有限公司 | A kind of feed addictive for alleviating Larimichthys crocea fatty liver and preparation method and application |
| CN109043224A (en) * | 2018-06-22 | 2018-12-21 | 浙江大学 | A kind of cleanser reducing cadmium enrichment in edible shellfish body |
| CN113519721A (en) * | 2021-06-17 | 2021-10-22 | 杭州市农业科学研究院 | Composite additive for relieving chronic cadmium stress of river crabs |
-
2022
- 2022-05-11 CN CN202210509715.4A patent/CN114982878A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102406061A (en) * | 2011-11-17 | 2012-04-11 | 南京农业大学 | Composite premixed feed for reducing heavy metal residue in animal products as well as preparation method and application thereof |
| CN104171594A (en) * | 2014-07-14 | 2014-12-03 | 集美大学 | Mixed fodder additive capable of reducing absorption and residues of fodder heavy metals in tilapia bodies |
| CN108077655A (en) * | 2018-01-15 | 2018-05-29 | 福建傲农生物科技集团股份有限公司 | A kind of feed addictive for alleviating Larimichthys crocea fatty liver and preparation method and application |
| CN109043224A (en) * | 2018-06-22 | 2018-12-21 | 浙江大学 | A kind of cleanser reducing cadmium enrichment in edible shellfish body |
| CN113519721A (en) * | 2021-06-17 | 2021-10-22 | 杭州市农业科学研究院 | Composite additive for relieving chronic cadmium stress of river crabs |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 谢祎等: "稀土壳糖胺螯合盐的生物学功能及其在动物生产中应用的研究进展", 《饲料研究》, vol. 44, no. 19, pages 146 - 149 * |
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