CN114982488B - Self-adaptive diameter-variable roller and chopping hob - Google Patents

Self-adaptive diameter-variable roller and chopping hob Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN114982488B
CN114982488B CN202210639116.4A CN202210639116A CN114982488B CN 114982488 B CN114982488 B CN 114982488B CN 202210639116 A CN202210639116 A CN 202210639116A CN 114982488 B CN114982488 B CN 114982488B
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
diameter
variable
rod
supporting
mounting
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
CN202210639116.4A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Other versions
CN114982488A (en
Inventor
王德成
王海翼
尤泳
惠云婷
金峤
王天一
李芳旭
张国锐
刘照启
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
China Agricultural University
Original Assignee
China Agricultural University
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by China Agricultural University filed Critical China Agricultural University
Priority to CN202210639116.4A priority Critical patent/CN114982488B/en
Publication of CN114982488A publication Critical patent/CN114982488A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN114982488B publication Critical patent/CN114982488B/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01F—PROCESSING OF HARVESTED PRODUCE; HAY OR STRAW PRESSES; DEVICES FOR STORING AGRICULTURAL OR HORTICULTURAL PRODUCE
    • A01F29/00—Cutting apparatus specially adapted for cutting hay, straw or the like
    • A01F29/02—Cutting apparatus specially adapted for cutting hay, straw or the like having rotating knives with their cutting edges in a plane perpendicular to their rotational axis
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01F—PROCESSING OF HARVESTED PRODUCE; HAY OR STRAW PRESSES; DEVICES FOR STORING AGRICULTURAL OR HORTICULTURAL PRODUCE
    • A01F29/00—Cutting apparatus specially adapted for cutting hay, straw or the like
    • A01F29/09—Details
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01F—PROCESSING OF HARVESTED PRODUCE; HAY OR STRAW PRESSES; DEVICES FOR STORING AGRICULTURAL OR HORTICULTURAL PRODUCE
    • A01F29/00—Cutting apparatus specially adapted for cutting hay, straw or the like
    • A01F29/09—Details
    • A01F29/095—Mounting or adjusting of knives
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01F—PROCESSING OF HARVESTED PRODUCE; HAY OR STRAW PRESSES; DEVICES FOR STORING AGRICULTURAL OR HORTICULTURAL PRODUCE
    • A01F29/00—Cutting apparatus specially adapted for cutting hay, straw or the like
    • A01F29/09—Details
    • A01F29/14—Drives
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
    • Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Transmission Devices (AREA)
  • Retarders (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a self-adaptive diameter-variable roller and a chopping hob, belonging to the technical field of agricultural machinery; the roller comprises a cam connecting rod type diameter adjusting device, a supporting device, a folding reducing amplitude rod, a hydraulic system, a control system and a tool setting system. The invention can realize synchronous self-adaptive diameter changing and double self-locking of the roller, has the cutter setting function, adjusts working parameters such as sharpening angle, sliding cutting angle, clamping angle, moving and fixed cutter configuration relation and the like of the harvester or the test bed cutting device in the traditional livestock industry in real time, solves the problems of poor sharpening, poor reliability, high power consumption, poor feed quality and the like of the cutting device, and saves the cost. The self-adaptive diameter-variable roller and the shredding hob utilize the stepless speed regulating capability of the diameter-variable wheel set and the supporting function of the supporting amplitude rod, are beneficial to realizing stepless diameter change of the roller and the hob, reduce the mass of the whole machine, and finally achieve the purposes of saving labor and time and being convenient and fast in parameter adjustment, thereby reducing the energy consumption of the whole machine and improving the operation efficiency and quality.

Description

Self-adaptive diameter-variable roller and chopping hob
Technical Field
The invention relates to a self-adaptive diameter-variable roller and a chopping hob, and belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery.
Background
Currently, silage forage is an important high-quality feed source for cattle and sheep raising industry, and a large self-propelled silage corn harvester is one of important high-end agricultural machinery equipment used in the mechanized production of forage for animal husbandry. Along with the rapid development of the economy in China and the change of the dietary structure of urban and rural residents, the requirements on livestock products such as beef and mutton and dairy products are higher and higher, and the large-scale self-propelled silage harvester has a broad market development prospect. The market of large green fodder harvesters in China is basically monopoly of foreign products, such as Class, john diel, nenetherlands and the like. The domestic large-scale green fodder harvester also has the problems of small horsepower, low operation efficiency, poor adaptability of the harvesting hob, large parameter adjustment difficulty and the like, and the gap is larger in the aspect of intelligent control, such as automatic tool setting, hob parameter automatic adjustment and the like, and the problems become short plates for restricting the performance of the domestic green fodder harvester.
Therefore, research and development of silage grass harvesting machinery can effectively relieve the contradiction between rapid development of animal husbandry and shortage of silage in recent years, and shredding is used as a key link in the silage grass harvesting process, and is closely related to the harvesting efficiency and the feed quality. The shredding hob is a main device for shredding forage grass in the forage grass processing process. Most of the existing shredding hobs are fixed solid rollers externally connected with a plurality of flat straight cutters, the rollers drive the blades to rotate to shred raw materials, the overall reliability of the shredding hobs is poor, the control technology is relatively backward, the uniformity of cutting is poor, the transmission is complex, the energy consumption is high, and the quality of the produced silage is poor. Therefore, the invention designs the self-adaptive diameter-changing roller and the shredding hob, and the shredding hob is formed by the whole roller and the external cutter. In the operation process, when the feeding quantity fluctuates greatly, the roller completes synchronous self-adaptive diameter adjustment and double self-locking under the cooperation of each system, has the automatic tool setting function, adjusts working parameters such as sharpening angles, sliding cutting angles, clamping angles, moving and fixed tool configuration relations and the like of the existing harvester or test bed shredding device in the livestock industry in real time, solves the problems of poor sharpening edges, poor reliability, high power consumption, poor feed quality and the like of the shredding device, and saves the cost. The self-adaptive diameter-variable roller and the shredding hob utilize the stepless speed regulating capability of the diameter-variable wheel set and the supporting function of the supporting amplitude rod, are beneficial to realizing stepless diameter change of the roller and the hob, reduce the mass of the whole machine, and finally achieve the purposes of saving labor and time and being convenient and fast in parameter adjustment, thereby reducing the energy consumption of the whole machine and improving the operation efficiency and quality.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the harvesting and shredding problems of high-quality main forage grass feeds such as whole silage corns, and provides the self-adaptive diameter-changing roller and the shredding hob, which have the advantages of simple structure, simple and convenient operation, economy and applicability, low cost and high intelligent degree, and can quickly, accurately and effectively adjust working parameters such as sharpening angles, slip cutting angles, clamping angles, moving and fixed cutter configuration relations and the like of a shredding device in real time in the shredding process, thereby stably adapting to various main stream models and solving the problems of easiness in abrasion of cutters, uneven cutting length, poor reliability, high energy consumption and the like in the shredding process of silage forage grass.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: in a first aspect, the invention provides a self-adaptive variable-diameter roller, which comprises a cam connecting rod type diameter adjusting device, a supporting device, a folding variable-diameter amplitude rod, a hydraulic system, a control system and a tool setting system;
the cam connecting rod type diameter adjusting device is a self-adaptive variable-diameter roller surface layer mechanism, and a main body is arranged on the transmission main shaft 7 and is used for adjusting the diameter of the roller under the drive of the hydraulic motor 6 and the middle supporting web 19; the supporting device is arranged on the front base 9 and the rear base 30 of the cam connecting rod type diameter adjusting device and plays roles of supporting and reinforcing the roller; the diameter-variable sliding rod 1407 of the folding diameter-variable width rod is arranged in the supporting device, two ends of the folding diameter-variable width rod are arranged on the front mounting width disc 25 and the rear mounting width disc 13, and the diameter-variable width rod 14 of the folding diameter-variable width rod is embedded in the lower bottom surface of the diameter-variable cam 1, so that the cam connecting rod type diameter-variable device, the supporting device and the folding diameter-variable width rod are connected into a whole; a hydraulic motor 6 of the hydraulic system is connected with a reducing driving wheel coupler 4 of the cam connecting rod type diameter adjusting device; the hardware of the control system is arranged on the surface of the middle supporting web 19, and the torque type flow sensors 35 are symmetrically arranged on the transmission main shaft 7; the hydraulic system, the control system and the tool setting system share a single-chip microcomputer controller 3309 which is arranged on the front base 9 and is responsible for receiving and transmitting signals and instructions, and hardware of the tool setting system is arranged in an installation panel of the supporting device and integrally arranged on the front base 9.
As a further scheme of the invention, the cam connecting rod type diameter adjusting device comprises a diameter adjusting cam 1, a diameter-variable driving wheel seat bearing 2, a diameter-variable driving wheel 3, a diameter-variable driving wheel coupler 4, a diameter-variable driven wheel bearing 5, a hydraulic motor 6, a diameter-variable bolt 8, a front base 9, a cam connecting rod 10, a diameter-variable driven wheel 11 and a diameter-variable sliding rail 12; the surface of the diameter adjusting cam 1 is a roller surface, and the diameter adjusting cam 1 is uniformly distributed with a plurality of component rollers around the axle center of the front base 9; the lower inner side of the front end surface of the diameter adjusting cam 1 is fixedly connected with a cam connecting rod 10, the tail end of the cam connecting rod 10 is of a tenon structure, a reducing connecting rod pin hole 1001 is formed in the tenon, and the reducing connecting rod pin hole 1001 connects the cam connecting rod 10 in a tenon groove 901 of the front base 9; the front base 9 is a cylinder, a plurality of mortises 901 corresponding to the cam connecting rods 10 are formed in the front end face of the cylinder, a variable-diameter driving wheel shaft 903 is arranged at the upper end of the end face, four bearing seat mounting holes 902 are uniformly distributed on the shaft edge, and a transmission shaft hole 904 is formed in the axial line position of the end face; the variable-diameter driving wheel belt seat bearing 2 is arranged on the surface of the front base 9 through a bearing seat mounting hole 902, the variable-diameter driving wheel 3 is arranged on the variable-diameter driving wheel shaft 903 through a key, the power output shaft of the hydraulic motor 6 is connected with the variable-diameter driving wheel 3 through a variable-diameter driving wheel coupler 4, and the variable-diameter driving wheel 3 is driven to finish diameter adjustment;
The external teeth of the variable-diameter driven wheel 11 are meshed with the variable-diameter driving wheel 3 and are arranged on the transmission main shaft 7 through the variable-diameter driven wheel bearing 5, a plurality of variable-diameter sliding rails 12 corresponding to the diameter adjustment cams 1 are uniformly distributed on the variable-diameter driven wheel 11 along the axis, variable-diameter bolts 8 tangential to the groove surfaces of the sliding rails are arranged in the variable-diameter sliding rails 12, the variable-diameter bolts 8 are fixedly connected with the cam connecting rods 10, and the variable-diameter bolts 8 drive the diameter adjustment cams 1 to finish first heavy diameter adjustment and reset under the friction action of the variable-diameter driven wheel 11;
the transmission main shaft 7 penetrates through the axis of the roller, and is provided with a variable-diameter driven wheel bearing 5, a variable-diameter driven wheel 11, a front base 9, a front mounting spoke plate seat 23, a front mounting spoke plate 25, a second middle supporting spoke plate 31, a middle supporting spoke plate 19, a first middle supporting spoke plate 32, a rear mounting spoke plate 13, a rear base 30 and a transmission belt pulley 27, wherein the variable-diameter driven wheel bearing 5, the variable-diameter driven wheel 11, the front base 9, the front mounting spoke plate seat, the middle supporting spoke plate 19, the rear mounting spoke plate 13, the rear base 30 and the rear mounting spoke plate 13 are fixedly connected through mounting screw holes 1302.
As a further aspect of the invention, the support means comprise a first intermediate support web 32, an intermediate support web 19, a second intermediate support web 31, a support bar 18; the first middle supporting web plate 32 is a triangular prism, a middle supporting rod mounting seat II 3201 is fixedly connected to the prism edge, and a plurality of rib plates are arranged in the center of the prism to reduce the quality of the supporting device; the middle supporting web 19 is a cylinder, the center of the cylinder is provided with a plurality of middle supporting rib plates 1902 and through holes for reducing the quality of the supporting device and connecting other parts, the outer edge of the cylinder is uniformly provided with a sliding rod groove 1904 and a sliding rod pin hole 1903 which are correspondingly connected with a variable-diameter sliding rod 1407 and a sliding rod pin 1408 in the folding variable-diameter web rod, the sliding rod pin 1408 is arranged in the sliding rod pin hole 1903, so that the variable-diameter sliding rod 1407 rotates in the sliding rod groove 1904 under the drive of external force, and the outer edge of the supporting rib plates is fixedly connected with a middle supporting rod mounting seat I1901; the second middle supporting web plate 31 is a triangular prism, the middle supporting rod mounting seat III 3101 is fixedly connected to the prism edge, and a plurality of rib plates are arranged in the center of the prism to reduce the quality of the supporting device; the support rods 18 are fixedly arranged on the first middle support amplitude disc and the second middle support amplitude disc respectively through a middle support rod mounting seat II 3201 and a middle support rod mounting seat III 3101, and the middle support amplitude disc 19 is movably arranged on the support rods 18 through a sleeve in the middle support rod mounting seat I1901, so that the middle support amplitude disc 19 can slide back and forth along the support rods 18; the front end and the rear end of the supporting rod 18 are respectively fixedly connected to a front supporting rod mounting seat 2502 and a rear supporting rod mounting seat 1301; the supporting webs are all axially mounted on the drum drive spindle 7 and can rotate together with the drive spindle 7.
As a further aspect of the present invention, the folding variable-diameter spoke rod includes a variable-diameter spoke rod 14, a variable-diameter spoke rod stopper pin 1401, a variable-diameter spoke rod guide seat 1402, a variable-diameter guide rod 1403, a variable-diameter link 1404, a link pin hole 1405, a link pin 1406, a variable-diameter slide rod 1407, a slide rod pin 1408, and a spoke rod fixing hole 1409;
the foldable variable-diameter width rods are respectively and axially and uniformly distributed corresponding to the diameter adjusting cams 1, the variable-diameter guide rods 1403 are symmetrically and fixedly connected to the front end face and the rear end face of the variable-diameter width rod 14, the front end face and the rear end face of the variable-diameter width rod guide rail seat 1402 are respectively and correspondingly arranged on the inner sides of the front mounting width disc 25 and the rear mounting width disc 13, the variable-diameter guide rods 1403 are integrally embedded in the variable-diameter width rod guide rail seat 1402, and the variable-diameter guide rods 1403 are transversely positioned in the sliding grooves of the variable-diameter width rod guide rail seat 1402 through the variable-diameter width rod limiting pins 1401 and play a limiting role in the sliding process; the reducing connecting rods 1404 are symmetrically arranged on two side surfaces of the reducing amplitude rod 14, the upper ends of the connecting rods are connected with the reducing amplitude rod 14 through connecting rod pin holes 1405, the lower ends of the connecting rods are connected with the reducing sliding rods 1407 through connecting rod pins 1406, and the reducing sliding rods 1407 are parallel to the reducing amplitude rod 14 in the initial state and are connected with the sliding rod pin holes 1903 through sliding rod pins 1408 at the front ends; the variable-diameter spoke rod 14 is embedded between a cam spoke rod connecting seat I101 and a cam spoke rod connecting seat II 102 on the lower bottom surface of the diameter adjusting cam 1, and a spoke rod fixing hole 1409 and a cam spoke rod connecting seat pin hole 103 are fixed through bolts; the reducing slide rod 1407 is driven by the axial movement of the middle support web 19 to rotate around the link pin 1406, and the folding reducing slide rod is driven by the reducing guide rod 1403 to complete the telescopic movement, so as to complete the second heavy diameter adjustment of the diameter adjustment device.
As a further scheme of the invention, the hydraulic system 33 comprises an oil tank 3301, a filter 3302, a hydraulic pump 3303, an overflow valve 3304, a two-position two-way electromagnetic directional valve 3305, a throttle valve 3306, a two-position three-way electromagnetic directional valve 3307, a three-position four-way electric directional valve 3308 and a single-chip microcomputer controller 3309; the oil inlet of the three-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve 3308 is directly connected with the hydraulic pump 3303, the oil outlet is connected with the oil inlet of the hydraulic motor 6, the oil return port of the three-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve 3307 is connected with the two-position three-way electromagnetic directional valve 3307, the oil inlet of the two-position three-way electromagnetic directional valve 3307 is connected with the throttle valve 3306, the oil return port is connected with the oil tank 3301, the oil inlet of the throttle valve 3306 is connected with the oil outlet of the two-position two-way electromagnetic directional valve 3305, and the hydraulic pump 3303 is directly connected with the oil inlets of the two-position two-way electromagnetic directional valve 3305 and the overflow valve 3304.
As a further scheme of the invention, the control system comprises a singlechip controller 3309, a linear displacement sensor 15, an angle encoder 16, a servo motor I17, a wireless signal transmitting module 21, a web pushing shaft 26, a servo motor coupler 28, a web pushing shaft joint 29, a wireless signal receiving module 34 and a torque type flow sensor 35; the linear displacement sensors 15 are symmetrically arranged on one side surface of the variable-diameter amplitude rod 14 respectively, the angle encoders 16 are symmetrically arranged on the connecting rod pins 1406, the wireless signal transmitting module 21 and the wireless signal receiving module 34 are arranged on the surface of the middle supporting amplitude disc 19, and the torque type flow sensor 35 is symmetrically arranged at the front end and the rear end of the transmission main shaft 7; the servo motor I17 is arranged on a corresponding mounting hole of the first middle supporting spoke plate 32, the servo motor coupler 28 is connected with a driving shaft of the servo motor I17 and the spoke plate pushing shaft 26, the spoke plate pushing shaft 26 is a screw rod and is arranged in a spoke plate pushing shaft joint 29 with a screw hole, and the spoke plate pushing shaft joint 29 is fixed in a corresponding mounting hole of the middle supporting spoke plate 19; the control electric signal ends of the two-position two-way electromagnetic directional valve 3305, the two-position three-way electromagnetic directional valve 3307 and the three-position four-way electric directional valve 3308 are respectively and electrically connected with the single-chip microcomputer controller 3309, the electric signal of the linear displacement sensor 15 is transmitted to the single-chip microcomputer controller 3309 through the wireless signal transmitting module 21, and finally is returned to the servo motor I17 through the wireless signal receiving module 34; the torque type flow sensor 35 monitors the feeding flow of the materials into the roller during the shredding operation, when the flow of the materials fluctuates, a signal is transmitted to the controller to give a diameter-changing instruction, and after the adjustment is completed, the flow sensor feeds back a feeding quantity signal to the singlechip controller.
As a further scheme of the invention, the tool setting system comprises a singlechip controller 3309, a servo motor II 20, a tool setting gear 22, a front mounting spoke plate seat 23, a tool setting rack 24 and a front mounting spoke plate 25; the singlechip controller 3309 integrates Bluetooth and WiFi functions, is arranged on the front base 9, and receives or sends out electric signals for controlling the electromagnetic valves, the motors and the sensors; the servo motor II 20 is arranged on a corresponding mounting hole position of the second middle supporting web disc 31, a servo motor coupler is connected with a driving shaft of the servo motor II 20 and a driving shaft of the tool setting gear 22, the tool setting gear 22 is meshed with the tool setting gear 24, the tool setting gear base 2401 is connected with the surface of the outer wall 2503 of the front mounting web disc, and a plurality of balls 2504 are uniformly distributed and embedded on the surface in the axial direction; the mechanical part of the tool setting system is arranged on a front mounting spoke plate seat 23, a ball 2504 is arranged in a ball groove 2304, the other outer wall corresponding to the surface of a front mounting spoke plate outer wall 2503 of a front mounting spoke plate 25 is connected with a tool setting gear bin outer wall 2302, a tool setting rack base 2401 is embedded and arranged on a tool setting gear bin inner wall 2305, the front mounting spoke plate base 2301 is fixedly connected with a front base 9 through a front mounting spoke plate base mounting hole 2303, and a transmission main shaft 7 is connected with the front mounting spoke plate 25 through a transmission shaft hole 2501 on the front mounting spoke plate 25.
As a further scheme of the invention, the main sectional line I1201 and the main sectional line II 1202 of the longitudinal section of the reducing slide rail 12 are bionic NUBRS curves, and the pose control relationship between the main sectional line I1201 and the main sectional line II 1202 meeting the third-order curves is as follows: p (P) AE (t)＝A*(1-t 3 )+B*3(1-t 2 )t+C*3(1-t)t 2 +D*t 3 Wherein AE is defined as main intercept ii 1202 at t= [0, e]The A, B, C, D, E are points on the main intercept line I1201 and the main intercept line II (1202), A, B, C, D is a control point, and coordinates of the points are respectively: a (lcos θ, lsin θ), B (lcos θ+h+sin θ, lsin θ+h+cos θ), C (1, d+h), D (1, D), E (lcos (θ - β), lsin (θ - β)), l is the major intercept ii 1202 radius length, h is the length of AB and CD, θ is the angle between OA and x-axis, AB and y-axis, β is the angle between OE and OA, D is the height of point D to x-axis.
In another aspect, the present invention provides a shredding cutter mounted on the adaptive variable diameter drum of the first aspect.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
the self-adaptive diameter-changing roller and the shredding hob provided by the invention are designed by adopting a bionic means based on a solid roller of the traditional livestock machinery shredding device and by taking a motion rule of a cam worm mechanism as a theoretical basis. Based on the biological motion characteristics of the gnawing of the river dogs, NURBS curves are introduced, and fitting optimization is carried out on the section curves of the variable-diameter guide rails. The self-adaptive diameter-changing roller and the shredding hob are provided, and the shredding hob is simple in structure, convenient to operate and high in intelligent degree. The invention is matched with a plurality of signal acquisition systems and intelligent control systems, can monitor the operation state of the shredding hob in real time and adaptively adjust the diameter of the roller, has a rapid, simple, convenient, accurate and effective adjustment mode, can realize the operation of changing the diameter without stopping in the working process, has stable adjustment process, double self-locking safety and reliability, is suitable for each main flow model test bench, can steplessly adjust the diameter of the roller according to the actual working condition, synchronously realizes important working or configuration parameters such as sharpening angle, slip cutting angle, clamping angle, dynamic fixed cutter configuration relation and the like of the shredding device, simultaneously reduces the quality of the whole machine compared with a solid roller, greatly improves the efficiency and reduces the power consumption.
The synchronous drive between the hydraulic motor and the servo motor can realize the diameter adjustment and double self-locking of the roller stably and synchronously, and has the advantages of hydraulic transmission, simple and convenient installation, high transmission efficiency and response speed control block. The servo motor has large torque and high control precision, can ensure that proper allowance is reserved for adjusting the diameter of the roller by being matched with the hydraulic motor, and has the advanced diameter-changing function.
When the diameter of the self-adaptive reducing valve is changed, the three-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve is positioned in the middle position, the two-position three-way electromagnetic directional valve is positioned in the right position, the two-position two-way electromagnetic directional valve is positioned in the right position and can perform self-locking, and meanwhile, the controller gives a servo motor empty instruction to cause the servo motor to perform self-locking, so that the double self-locking function of the roller after diameter adjustment can be effectively ensured, and the operation stability and the safety are ensured; the method has the advantages of saving material consumption and space, providing favorable conditions for realizing high-quality and high-efficiency harvesting of forage, greatly reducing cost and operation time, improving efficiency, having good economic and social benefits and having wide market prospect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an isometric view of an adaptive variable diameter cylinder of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an isometric view of the front mount of the adaptive variable diameter cylinder of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a front view of an adaptive variable diameter cylinder of the present invention;
FIG. 4 isbase:Sub>A section A-A of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the inner support reducing main body of the self-adaptive reducing roller of the invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the diameter adjusting cam structure of the adaptive variable diameter cylinder of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the construction of the variable diameter web lever of the adaptive variable diameter cylinder of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is an isometric view of the present invention with the adaptive variable diameter cylinder support guide mounted inside the front mounting web;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the structure of the front mounting web tray of the adaptive variable diameter roller of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the structure of the adaptive variable diameter drum front mounted web tray and tool setting device of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the structure of the supporting web inside the adaptive variable diameter cylinder of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of the hydraulic system of the adaptive variable diameter cylinder of the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a principal cut-line schematic diagram of an adaptive variable diameter roller reducing skid of the present invention;
fig. 14 is an external shredding hob of the adaptive variable diameter drum of the present invention.
The reference numerals in fig. 1-14: 1-diameter adjusting cam, 101-cam spoke connecting seat I, 102-cam spoke connecting seat II, 103-cam spoke connecting seat pin hole, 2-diameter driving wheel spoke seat bearing, 3-diameter driving wheel, 4-diameter driving wheel coupler, 5-diameter driven wheel bearing, 6-hydraulic motor, 7-transmission main shaft, 8-diameter bolt, 9-front base, 901-tongue and groove, 902-bearing seat mounting hole, 903-diameter driving wheel shaft, 904-transmission shaft hole, 10-cam connecting rod, 1001-diameter connecting rod pin hole, 11-diameter driven wheel, 12-diameter sliding rail, 1201-main intercept I, 1202-main intercept II, 13-rear mounting spoke disc, 1301-rear supporting rod mounting seat, 1302-mounting screw hole, 14-reducing amplitude rod, 1401-reducing amplitude rod limiting pin, 1402-reducing amplitude rod guide rail seat, 1403-reducing guide rod, 1404-reducing connecting rod, 1405-connecting rod pin hole, 1406-connecting rod pin, 1407-reducing sliding rod, 1408-sliding rod pin, 1409-amplitude rod fixing hole, 15-linear displacement sensor, 16-angle encoder, 17-servo motor I, 18-supporting rod, 19-middle supporting amplitude disc, 1901-middle supporting rod mounting seat I, 1902-middle supporting rib plate, 1903-sliding rod pin hole, 1904-sliding rod groove, 20-servo motor II, 21-wireless signal transmitting module, 22-cutter setting gear, 23-front mounting amplitude disc seat, 2301-front mounting amplitude disc seat, 2302-cutter setting gear bin outer wall, 2303-front mounting web base mounting holes, 2304-ball grooves, 2305-tool setting gear bin inner walls, 24-tool setting bars, 2401-tool setting bar bases, 25-front mounting web discs, 2501-transmission shaft holes, 2502-front support bar mounting seats, 2503-front mounting web outer walls, 2504-balls, 26-web push shafts, 27-transmission pulleys, 28-servo motor couplings, 29-web push shaft joints, 30-rear bases, 31-second intermediate support web discs, 3101-intermediate support bar mounting seats iii, 32-first intermediate support web discs, 3201-intermediate support bar mounting seats ii, 33-hydraulic systems, 3301-oil tanks, 3302-filters, 3303-hydraulic pumps, 3304-overflow valves, 3305-two-position two-way electromagnetic reversing valves, 3306-throttle valves, 3307-two-position three-way electromagnetic reversing valves, 3308-three-position four-way electric reversing valves, 3309-single-chip controllers, 34-wireless signal receiving modules, 35-torque flow sensors.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the drawings and the specific examples.
Example 1: 1-14, in a first aspect, the present invention provides an adaptive variable diameter drum, including a cam link type diameter adjusting device, a supporting device, a folding variable diameter web lever, a hydraulic system, a control system and a tool setting system;
the cam connecting rod type diameter adjusting device is a self-adaptive variable-diameter roller surface layer mechanism, and a main body is arranged on the transmission main shaft 7 and is used for adjusting the diameter of the roller under the drive of the hydraulic motor 6 and the middle supporting web 19; the supporting device is arranged on the front base 9 and the rear base 30 of the cam connecting rod type diameter adjusting device and plays roles of supporting and reinforcing the roller; the diameter-variable sliding rod 1407 of the folding diameter-variable width rod is arranged in the supporting device, two ends of the folding diameter-variable width rod are arranged on the front mounting width disc 25 and the rear mounting width disc 13, and the diameter-variable width rod 14 of the folding diameter-variable width rod is embedded in the lower bottom surface of the diameter-variable cam 1, so that the cam connecting rod type diameter-variable device, the supporting device and the folding diameter-variable width rod are connected into a whole; a hydraulic motor 6 of the hydraulic system is connected with a reducing driving wheel coupler 4 of the cam connecting rod type diameter adjusting device; the hardware of the control system is arranged on the surface of the middle supporting web 19, and the torque type flow sensors 35 are symmetrically arranged on the transmission main shaft 7; the hydraulic system, the control system and the tool setting system share a single-chip microcomputer controller 3309 which is arranged on the front base 9 and is responsible for receiving and transmitting signals and instructions, and hardware of the tool setting system is arranged in an installation panel of the supporting device and integrally arranged on the front base 9.
As shown in fig. 1 and 6, the cam connecting rod type diameter adjusting device comprises a diameter adjusting cam 1, a diameter-variable driving wheel belt seat bearing 2, a diameter-variable driving wheel 3, a diameter-variable driving wheel coupler 4, a diameter-variable driven wheel bearing 5, a hydraulic motor 6, a diameter-variable bolt 8, a front base 9, a cam connecting rod 10, a diameter-variable driven wheel 11 and a diameter-variable sliding rail 12; the surface of the diameter adjusting cam 1 is a roller surface, and the diameter adjusting cam 1 is uniformly distributed with a plurality of component rollers around the axle center of the front base 9; the lower inner side of the front end surface of the diameter adjusting cam 1 is fixedly connected with a cam connecting rod 10, the tail end of the cam connecting rod 10 is of a tenon structure, a reducing connecting rod pin hole 1001 is formed in the tenon, and the reducing connecting rod pin hole 1001 connects the cam connecting rod 10 in a tenon groove 901 of the front base 9; the front base 9 is a cylinder, a plurality of mortises 901 corresponding to the cam connecting rods 10 are formed in the front end face of the cylinder, a variable-diameter driving wheel shaft 903 is arranged at the upper end of the end face, four bearing seat mounting holes 902 are uniformly distributed on the shaft edge, and a transmission shaft hole 904 is formed in the axial line position of the end face; the variable-diameter driving wheel belt seat bearing 2 is arranged on the surface of the front base 9 through a bearing seat mounting hole 902, the variable-diameter driving wheel 3 is arranged on the variable-diameter driving wheel shaft 903 through a key, the power output shaft of the hydraulic motor 6 is connected with the variable-diameter driving wheel 3 through a variable-diameter driving wheel coupler 4, and the variable-diameter driving wheel 3 is driven to finish diameter adjustment;
The external teeth of the variable-diameter driven wheel 11 are meshed with the variable-diameter driving wheel 3 and are arranged on the transmission main shaft 7 through the variable-diameter driven wheel bearing 5, a plurality of variable-diameter sliding rails 12 corresponding to the diameter adjustment cams 1 are uniformly distributed on the variable-diameter driven wheel 11 along the axis, variable-diameter bolts 8 tangential to the groove surfaces of the sliding rails are arranged in the variable-diameter sliding rails 12, the variable-diameter bolts 8 are fixedly connected with the cam connecting rods 10, and the variable-diameter bolts 8 drive the diameter adjustment cams 1 to finish first heavy diameter adjustment and reset under the friction action of the variable-diameter driven wheel 11;
as shown in fig. 5, the transmission main shaft 7 penetrates along the axis of the drum, and is provided with a variable-diameter driven wheel bearing 5, a variable-diameter driven wheel 11, a front base 9, a front mounting frame plate seat 23, a front mounting frame plate 25, a second middle supporting frame plate 31, a middle supporting frame plate 19, a first middle supporting frame plate 32, a rear mounting frame plate 13, a rear base 30 and a transmission belt wheel 27, which are sequentially arranged on the transmission main shaft 7 from front to rear, and the rear base 30 is fixedly connected with the rear mounting frame plate 13 through a mounting screw hole 1302.
As shown in fig. 5 and 10, the supporting device comprises a first middle supporting web 32, a middle supporting web 19, a second middle supporting web 31 and a supporting rod 18; the first middle supporting web plate 32 is a triangular prism, a middle supporting rod mounting seat II 3201 is fixedly connected to the prism edge, and a plurality of rib plates are arranged in the center of the prism to reduce the quality of the supporting device; the middle supporting web 19 is a cylinder, the center of the cylinder is provided with a plurality of middle supporting rib plates 1902 and through holes for reducing the quality of the supporting device and connecting other parts, the outer edge of the cylinder is uniformly provided with a sliding rod groove 1904 and a sliding rod pin hole 1903 which are correspondingly connected with a variable-diameter sliding rod 1407 and a sliding rod pin 1408 in the folding variable-diameter web rod, the sliding rod pin 1408 is arranged in the sliding rod pin hole 1903, so that the variable-diameter sliding rod 1407 rotates in the sliding rod groove 1904 under the drive of external force, and the outer edge of the supporting rib plates is fixedly connected with a middle supporting rod mounting seat I1901; the second middle supporting web plate 31 is a triangular prism, the middle supporting rod mounting seat III 3101 is fixedly connected to the prism edge, and a plurality of rib plates are arranged in the center of the prism to reduce the quality of the supporting device; the support rods 18 are fixedly arranged on the first middle support amplitude disc and the second middle support amplitude disc respectively through a middle support rod mounting seat II 3201 and a middle support rod mounting seat III 3101, and the middle support amplitude disc 19 is movably arranged on the support rods 18 through a sleeve in the middle support rod mounting seat I1901, so that the middle support amplitude disc 19 can slide back and forth along the support rods 18; the front end and the rear end of the supporting rod 18 are respectively fixedly connected to a front supporting rod mounting seat 2502 and a rear supporting rod mounting seat 1301; the supporting webs are all axially mounted on the drum drive spindle 7 and can rotate together with the drive spindle 7.
As shown in fig. 7, the folding variable-diameter spoke rod includes a variable-diameter spoke rod 14, a variable-diameter spoke rod stopper pin 1401, a variable-diameter spoke rod guide seat 1402, a variable-diameter guide rod 1403, a variable-diameter link 1404, a link pin hole 1405, a link pin 1406, a variable-diameter slide rod 1407, a slide rod pin 1408, and a spoke rod fixing hole 1409;
as shown in fig. 8 and 9, the number of the foldable variable-diameter width rods is several, the variable-diameter guide rods 1403 are uniformly distributed along the axial direction corresponding to the diameter adjustment cams 1, the variable-diameter guide rods 1403 are symmetrically and fixedly connected to the front end face and the rear end face of the variable-diameter width rod guide seat 1402, the front end face and the rear end face of the variable-diameter width rod guide seat 1402 are respectively and correspondingly mounted on the inner sides of the front mounting width disc 25 and the rear mounting width disc 13, the variable-diameter guide rods 1403 are integrally embedded in the variable-diameter width rod guide seat 1402, and the variable-diameter guide rods 1403 are positioned in the sliding grooves of the variable-diameter width rod guide seat 1402 in a crossing manner through the variable-diameter width rod limiting pins 1401 and play a limiting role in the sliding process; the reducing connecting rods 1404 are symmetrically arranged on two side surfaces of the reducing amplitude rod 14, the upper ends of the connecting rods are connected with the reducing amplitude rod 14 through connecting rod pin holes 1405, the lower ends of the connecting rods are connected with the reducing sliding rods 1407 through connecting rod pins 1406, and the reducing sliding rods 1407 are parallel to the reducing amplitude rod 14 in the initial state and are connected with the sliding rod pin holes 1903 through sliding rod pins 1408 at the front ends; the variable-diameter spoke rod 14 is embedded between a cam spoke rod connecting seat I101 and a cam spoke rod connecting seat II 102 on the lower bottom surface of the diameter adjusting cam 1, and a spoke rod fixing hole 1409 and a cam spoke rod connecting seat pin hole 103 are fixed through bolts; the reducing slide rod 1407 is driven by the axial movement of the middle support web 19 to rotate around the link pin 1406, and the folding reducing slide rod is driven by the reducing guide rod 1403 to complete the telescopic movement, so as to complete the second heavy diameter adjustment of the diameter adjustment device.
As shown in fig. 12, the hydraulic system 33 includes an oil tank 3301, a filter 3302, a hydraulic pump 3303, an overflow valve 3304, a two-position two-way electromagnetic directional valve 3305, a throttle valve 3306, a two-position three-way electromagnetic directional valve 3307, a three-position four-way electric directional valve 3308, and a single-chip microcomputer controller 3309; the oil inlet of the three-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve 3308 is directly connected with the hydraulic pump 3303, the oil outlet is connected with the oil inlet of the hydraulic motor 6, the oil return port of the three-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve 3307 is connected with the two-position three-way electromagnetic directional valve 3307, the oil inlet of the two-position three-way electromagnetic directional valve 3307 is connected with the throttle valve 3306, the oil return port is connected with the oil tank 3301, the oil inlet of the throttle valve 3306 is connected with the oil outlet of the two-position two-way electromagnetic directional valve 3305, and the hydraulic pump 3303 is directly connected with the oil inlets of the two-position two-way electromagnetic directional valve 3305 and the overflow valve 3304.
As shown in fig. 4, the control system includes a single-chip microcomputer controller 3309, a linear displacement sensor 15, an angle encoder 16, a servo motor i 17, a wireless signal transmitting module 21, a disc pushing shaft 26, a servo motor coupling 28, a disc pushing shaft joint 29, a wireless signal receiving module 34 and a torque type flow sensor 35; the linear displacement sensors 15 are symmetrically arranged on one side surface of the variable-diameter amplitude rod 14 respectively, the angle encoders 16 are symmetrically arranged on the connecting rod pins 1406, the wireless signal transmitting module 21 and the wireless signal receiving module 34 are arranged on the surface of the middle supporting amplitude disc 19, and the torque type flow sensor 35 is symmetrically arranged at the front end and the rear end of the transmission main shaft 7; the servo motor I17 is arranged on a corresponding mounting hole of the first middle supporting spoke plate 32, the servo motor coupler 28 is connected with a driving shaft of the servo motor I17 and the spoke plate pushing shaft 26, the spoke plate pushing shaft 26 is a screw rod and is arranged in a spoke plate pushing shaft joint 29 with a screw hole, and the spoke plate pushing shaft joint 29 is fixed in a corresponding mounting hole of the middle supporting spoke plate 19; the control electric signal ends of the two-position two-way electromagnetic directional valve 3305, the two-position three-way electromagnetic directional valve 3307 and the three-position four-way electric directional valve 3308 are respectively connected with the electric signal end of the singlechip controller 3309, the electric signal of the linear displacement sensor 15 is transmitted to the singlechip controller 3309 through the wireless signal transmitting module 21, and finally is returned to the servo motor I17 through the wireless signal receiving module 34; the torque type flow sensor 35 monitors the feeding flow of the materials into the roller during the shredding operation, when the flow of the materials fluctuates, a signal is transmitted to the controller to give a diameter-changing instruction, and after the adjustment is completed, the flow sensor feeds back a feeding quantity signal to the singlechip controller.
As shown in fig. 5, 8 and 10, the tool setting system includes a single-chip microcomputer controller 3309, a servo motor ii 20, a tool setting gear 22, a front mounting web disc seat 23, a tool setting rack 24 and a front mounting web disc 25; the singlechip controller 3309 integrates Bluetooth and WiFi functions, is arranged on the front base 9, and receives or sends out electric signals for controlling the electromagnetic valves, the motors and the sensors; the servo motor II 20 is arranged on a corresponding mounting hole position of the second middle supporting web disc 31, a servo motor coupler is connected with a driving shaft of the servo motor II 20 and a driving shaft of the tool setting gear 22, the tool setting gear 22 is meshed with the tool setting gear 24, the tool setting gear base 2401 is connected with the surface of the outer wall 2503 of the front mounting web disc, and a plurality of balls 2504 are uniformly distributed and embedded on the surface in the axial direction; the mechanical part of the tool setting system is arranged on a front mounting spoke plate seat 23, a ball 2504 is arranged in a ball groove 2304, the other outer wall corresponding to the surface of a front mounting spoke plate outer wall 2503 of a front mounting spoke plate 25 is connected with a tool setting gear bin outer wall 2302, a tool setting rack base 2401 is embedded and arranged on a tool setting gear bin inner wall 2305, the front mounting spoke plate base 2301 is fixedly connected with a front base 9 through a front mounting spoke plate base mounting hole 2303, and a transmission main shaft 7 is connected with the front mounting spoke plate 25 through a transmission shaft hole 2501 on the front mounting spoke plate 25.
As shown in fig. 13, the main section line i 1201 and the main section line ii 1202 of the longitudinal section of the reducing slide rail 12 are bionic NUBRS curves, and the pose control relationship between the main section line i 1201 and the main section line ii 1202 satisfying the third-order curve is as follows: p (P) AE (t)＝A*(1-t 3 )+B*3(1-t 2 )t+C*3(1-t)t 2 +D*t 3 Wherein AE is defined as main intercept ii 1202 at t= [0, e]The A, B, C, D, E are points on the main intercept line I1201 and the main intercept line II (1202), A, B, C, D is a control point, and coordinates of the points are respectively: a (lcos θ, lsin θ), B (lcos θ+h+sin θ, lsin θ+h+cos θ), C (1, d+h), D (1, D), E (lcos (θ - β), lsin (θ - β)), l is the major intercept ii 1202 radius length, h is the length of AB and CD, θ is the angle between OA and x-axis, AB and y-axis, β is the angle between OE and OA, D is the height of point D to x-axis.
In another aspect, the present invention provides a shredding cutter mounted on the adaptive variable diameter drum of the first aspect.
In the embodiment, the self-adaptive diameter-changing roller and the shredding hob are designed by adopting a bionic means based on a solid roller of the traditional livestock machinery shredding device and by taking a motion rule of a cam worm mechanism as a theoretical basis. Based on the biological motion characteristics of the gnawing of the river dogs, NURBS curves are introduced, and fitting optimization is carried out on the section curves of the variable-diameter guide rails. The self-adaptive diameter-changing roller and the shredding hob are provided, and the shredding hob is simple in structure, convenient to operate and high in intelligent degree. The invention is matched with a plurality of signal acquisition systems and intelligent control systems, can monitor the operation state of the shredding hob in real time and adaptively adjust the diameter of the roller, has a rapid, simple, convenient, accurate and effective adjustment mode, can realize the operation of changing the diameter without stopping in the working process, has stable adjustment process, double self-locking safety and reliability, is suitable for each main flow model test bench, can steplessly adjust the diameter of the roller according to the actual working condition, synchronously realizes important working or configuration parameters such as sharpening angle, slip cutting angle, clamping angle, dynamic fixed cutter configuration relation and the like of the shredding device, simultaneously reduces the quality of the whole machine compared with a solid roller, greatly improves the efficiency and reduces the power consumption.
The surface of the roller is a variable-diameter cam surface, a cam connecting rod type diameter adjusting device is provided with a cam connecting rod 10 which is arranged in a guide rail of a front mounting seat under the connection of a variable-diameter bolt, and the diameter of the roller is adjusted steplessly by the cam connecting rod type diameter adjusting device; the supporting device is positioned at the inner sides of the bases at two sides of the roller; the folding variable-diameter amplitude rod is arranged on the inner sides of the two side mounting amplitude discs of the roller and fixedly connected with the cam amplitude rod connecting seat on the bottom surface of the variable-diameter cam; the hydraulic motor transmits power to the diameter adjusting device and realizes first heavy self-locking; the control system controls the servo motor 1 to adjust the variable-diameter amplitude rod through real-time feedback signals of the angle encoder and the linear displacement sensor, so that synchronous movement of the variable-diameter wheel and the amplitude disc push shaft is ensured, real-time synchronous adjustment of the diameter of the roller is realized, and secondary self-locking is completed; the whole drum is driven by an external power source through a belt wheel, and the tool setting system controls the servo motor 2 to complete the whole self-rotation of the drum to a proper position according to the signals of the angle encoder. The synchronous drive between the hydraulic motor and the servo motor can realize the diameter adjustment and double self-locking of the roller stably and synchronously, and has the advantages of hydraulic transmission, simple and convenient installation, high transmission efficiency and response speed control block. The servo motor has large torque and high control precision, can ensure that proper allowance is reserved for adjusting the diameter of the roller by being matched with the hydraulic motor, and has the advanced diameter-changing function.
The three-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve 3308 is a main control valve and directly drives the hydraulic motor 5. When the hydraulic system is started, the singlechip controller firstly outputs a control signal of the two-position two-way electromagnetic directional valve 3305, so that high-pressure oil enters a control oil way. And then, according to the angle and displacement signals received by the singlechip controller 3309, a control signal of the three-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve 3308 is output to drive the hydraulic motor to adjust the cam connecting rod type diameter adjusting device. The speed of the servo motor for driving the middle supporting web 19 is slower, and the system needs response time, so that errors exist in the adjustment action speed and adjustment quantity of the hydraulic motor, a two-position two-way electromagnetic directional valve 3305 and a throttle valve 3306 are additionally arranged in the hydraulic system, stable flow and small adjustment error in the diameter adjustment process are ensured, a singlechip controller outputs a control signal of the two-position three-way electromagnetic directional valve 3305, high-pressure oil flows back to an oil tank through the throttle valve 3306, the hydraulic motor is stable and accurate in action, and meanwhile oil leakage is prevented when the roller is self-locked. The main function of the overflow valve 3304 is to ensure the safety and oil pressure stability of the system oil circuit; when the diameter of the self-adaptive reducing valve is changed, the three-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve is positioned in the middle position, the two-position three-way electromagnetic directional valve is positioned in the right position, the two-position two-way electromagnetic directional valve is positioned in the right position and can perform self-locking, and meanwhile, the controller gives a servo motor empty instruction to cause the servo motor to perform self-locking, so that the double self-locking function of the roller after diameter adjustment can be effectively ensured, and the operation stability and the safety are ensured;
The specific working process of the self-adaptive variable-diameter roller is as follows: when the diameter of the roller is required to be adjusted according to the material feeding flow condition of the roller monitored by the torque type flow sensor 35 in the working process of the green fodder harvester or the test bench and the like, an electric signal is transmitted to the singlechip controller to give a diameter-changing instruction, the electric signal output by the singlechip controller 3309 controls the positions of the three-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve 3308, the two-position three-way electromagnetic directional valve 3307 and the two-position two-way electromagnetic directional valve 3305 in the hydraulic system, the opening of the three-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve 3308 is continuously adjusted, the input and output flow of the hydraulic motor 6 is controlled, the diameter-changing driving wheel 3 is driven to rotate, the diameter-changing driven wheel 11 is driven to rotate to generate a driven diameter-changing bolt 8 to slide along the diameter-changing sliding rail 12, and the cam connecting rod 10 is driven to slide in the mortise 901 to complete diameter adjustment; meanwhile, an electric signal output by the singlechip controller 3309 is transmitted to a servo motor I17 through a wireless signal receiving module 34, the servo motor I17 drives a web disc pushing shaft 26 so as to push a middle supporting web disc 19 to slide forwards along a supporting rod 18, a variable-diameter sliding rod 1407 rotates around a connecting rod pin 1406 under the driving of the axial movement of the middle supporting web disc 19, and the folding variable-diameter web rod is driven by a variable-diameter guide rod 1403 to complete telescopic movement so as to complete second diameter adjustment of the diameter adjustment device; the first heavy diameter adjustment and the second heavy diameter adjustment are kept synchronous overall, and the two diameter adjustment paths synchronously drive the diameter adjustment device to extend or retract under the cooperation of the control system and the hydraulic system; when the linear displacement sensor 15 detects forward deviation, an electric signal of the linear displacement sensor 15 and a PWM signal of the angle encoder 16 are transmitted to the singlechip controller 3309 through the wireless signal transmitting module 21, the singlechip controller 3309 processes the PWM signal of the angle encoder 16 and then outputs the electric signal to the three-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve 3308 in the hydraulic system, and then the opening of the three-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve 3308 is increased proportionally until the linear displacement sensor 15 detects no deviation, and the opening of the three-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve 3308 is closed to an un-increased state in initial working; when the linear displacement sensor 15 detects backward deviation, the electric signal of the linear displacement sensor 15 and the PWM signal of the angle encoder 16 are transmitted to the singlechip controller 3309 through the wireless signal transmitting module 21, the singlechip controller 3309 processes the PWM signal of the angle encoder 16 and outputs the electric signal to the wireless signal receiving module 34, and then the electric signal is returned to the servo motor I17 through the wireless signal receiving module 34, the servo motor I17 accelerates the driving of the web disc pushing shaft 26 to finish the variable acceleration diameter adjustment, and the rotating speed of the servo motor I17 is restored to an un-accelerated state when the linear displacement sensor 15 detects no deviation; when the diameter of the roller is required to be locked after the diameter of the roller is adjusted, the three-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve 3308 is in the middle position, the two-position three-way electromagnetic directional valve 3307 is in the right position, the two-position two-way electromagnetic directional valve 3305 is in the right position, so that an oil way is not communicated and self-locking is performed, and meanwhile, the controller issues a servo motor empty instruction to cause the servo motor to be self-locked, so that the double self-locking function of the roller after the diameter is adjusted can be effectively ensured, and the operation stability and the safety are ensured; when the cutter is worn or the position and the posture of the roller are required to be adjusted, an electric signal output by the singlechip controller 3309 is transmitted to the servo motor II 20 through the wireless signal receiving module 34, the servo motor II 20 drives the cutter setting gear 22 and drives the cutter setting gear 24 to finish cutter setting and position changing of a cutter setting system, after cutter setting is finished, the wireless signal transmitting module 21 transmits a cutter setting finishing signal to the singlechip controller 3309, and the singlechip controller 3309 gives an empty instruction to the servo motor II 20 to finish self-locking.
The method has the advantages of saving material consumption and space, providing favorable conditions for realizing high-quality and high-efficiency harvesting of forage, greatly reducing cost and operation time, improving efficiency, having good economic and social benefits and having wide market prospect.
The specific embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various modifications and combinations can be made within the knowledge of those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the modifications and combinations are still within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. The utility model provides a self-adaptation variable diameter cylinder which characterized in that: the device comprises a cam connecting rod type diameter adjusting device, a supporting device, a folding reducing amplitude rod, a hydraulic system, a control system and a tool setting system;
the cam connecting rod type diameter adjusting device is a self-adaptive variable-diameter roller surface layer mechanism, and a main body is arranged on a transmission main shaft (7) and is used for adjusting the diameter of a roller under the drive of a hydraulic motor (6) and an intermediate supporting web disc (19); the supporting device is arranged on a front base (9) and a rear base (30) of the cam connecting rod type diameter adjusting device and plays roles of supporting and reinforcing the roller; the diameter-variable sliding rod (1407) of the folding diameter-variable amplitude rod is arranged in the supporting device, two ends of the folding diameter-variable amplitude rod are arranged on the front mounting amplitude disc (25) and the rear mounting amplitude disc (13), and the diameter-variable amplitude rod (14) of the folding diameter-variable amplitude rod is embedded in the lower bottom surface of the diameter adjusting cam (1), so that the cam connecting rod type diameter adjusting device, the supporting device and the folding diameter-variable amplitude rod are connected into a whole; a hydraulic motor (6) of the hydraulic system is connected with a reducing driving wheel coupler (4) of the cam connecting rod type diameter adjusting device; the hardware of the control system is arranged on the surface of the middle supporting web disc (19), and the torque type flow sensors (35) are symmetrically arranged on the transmission main shaft (7); the hydraulic system, the control system and the tool setting system share a single-chip microcomputer controller (3309) which is arranged on the front base (9) and is responsible for receiving and sending signals and instructions, and hardware of the tool setting system is arranged in an installation panel of the supporting device and integrally arranged on the front base (9).
2. The self-adaptive variable-diameter roller according to claim 1, wherein the cam connecting rod type diameter adjusting device comprises a diameter adjusting cam (1), a variable-diameter driving wheel seat bearing (2), a variable-diameter driving wheel (3), a variable-diameter driving wheel coupler (4), a variable-diameter driven wheel bearing (5), a hydraulic motor (6), a variable-diameter plug pin (8), a front base (9), a cam connecting rod (10), a variable-diameter driven wheel (11) and a variable-diameter sliding rail (12); the surface of the diameter adjusting cam (1) is a roller surface, and the diameter adjusting cam (1) is uniformly distributed with a plurality of component rollers around the axle center of the front base (9); the lower inner side of the front end surface of the diameter adjusting cam (1) is fixedly connected with a cam connecting rod (10), the tail end of the cam connecting rod (10) is of a tenon structure, a reducing connecting rod pin hole (1001) is formed in the tenon, and the reducing connecting rod pin hole (1001) is used for connecting the cam connecting rod (10) in a tenon groove (901) of the front base (9); the front base (9) is a cylinder, a plurality of mortises (901) corresponding to the cam connecting rods (10) are formed in the front end face of the cylinder, a variable-diameter driving wheel shaft (903) is arranged at the upper end of the end face, four bearing seat mounting holes (902) are uniformly distributed on the shaft edge, and a transmission shaft hole (904) is formed in the axial line position of the end face; the variable-diameter driving wheel belt seat bearing (2) is arranged on the surface of the front base (9) through a bearing seat mounting hole (902), the variable-diameter driving wheel (3) is arranged on the variable-diameter driving wheel shaft (903) through a key, a power output shaft of the hydraulic motor (6) is connected with the variable-diameter driving wheel (3) through a variable-diameter driving wheel coupling (4), and the variable-diameter driving wheel (3) is driven to finish diameter adjustment;
The external teeth of the variable-diameter driven wheel (11) are meshed with the variable-diameter driving wheel (3), the variable-diameter driven wheel is arranged on the transmission main shaft (7) through a variable-diameter driven wheel bearing (5), a plurality of variable-diameter sliding rails (12) corresponding to the diameter adjusting cams (1) are uniformly distributed on the variable-diameter driven wheel (11) along the axis, variable-diameter bolts (8) tangential to the groove surfaces of the sliding rails are arranged in the variable-diameter sliding rails (12), the variable-diameter bolts (8) are fixedly connected with the cam connecting rods (10), and the variable-diameter bolts (8) drive the diameter adjusting cams (1) to finish first heavy diameter adjustment and reset under the friction action of the variable-diameter driven wheel (11);
the transmission main shaft (7) penetrates through the axis of the roller, and a variable-diameter driven wheel bearing (5), a variable-diameter driven wheel (11), a front base (9), a front mounting spoke plate seat (23), a front mounting spoke plate (25), a second middle supporting spoke plate (31), a middle supporting spoke plate (19), a first middle supporting spoke plate (32), a rear mounting spoke plate (13), a rear base (30) and a transmission belt wheel (27) are sequentially arranged on the transmission main shaft (7), and the rear base (30) is fixedly connected with the rear mounting spoke plate (13) through a mounting screw hole (1302).
3. An adaptive variable diameter drum as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the supporting means comprise a first intermediate supporting web (32), an intermediate supporting web (19), a second intermediate supporting web (31), a supporting bar (18); the first middle supporting spoke plate (32) is a triangular prism body, a middle supporting rod mounting seat II (3201) is fixedly connected to the edge of the prism, and a plurality of rib plates are arranged at the center of the prism to reduce the quality of the supporting device; the middle supporting spoke disc (19) is a cylinder, a plurality of middle supporting rib plates (1902) and through holes are arranged in the center of the cylinder to lighten the quality of the supporting device and connect other parts, sliding rod grooves (1904) and sliding rod pin holes (1903) which are correspondingly connected with the variable-diameter sliding rods (1407) and the sliding rod pins (1408) in the folding variable-diameter spoke rods are uniformly distributed at the outer edge of the cylinder, the sliding rod pins (1408) are arranged in the sliding rod pin holes (1903), so that the variable-diameter sliding rods (1407) rotate in the sliding rod grooves (1904) under the drive of external force, and middle supporting rod mounting seats I (1901) are fixedly connected to the outer edges of the supporting rib plates; the second middle supporting web plate (31) is a triangular prism body, a middle supporting rod mounting seat III (3101) is fixedly connected to the edge of the prism, and a plurality of rib plates are arranged in the center of the prism to reduce the quality of the supporting device; the support rods (18) are fixedly arranged on the first middle support amplitude disc and the second middle support amplitude disc respectively through a middle support rod mounting seat II (3201) and a middle support rod mounting seat III (3101), and the middle support amplitude disc (19) is movably arranged on the support rods (18) through a sleeve in the middle support rod mounting seat I (1901) so that the middle support amplitude disc (19) can slide back and forth along the support rods (18); the front end and the rear end of the supporting rod (18) are respectively fixedly connected to a front supporting rod mounting seat (2502) and a rear supporting rod mounting seat (1301); the supporting web discs are axially arranged on the roller transmission main shaft (7) and can rotate together with the transmission main shaft (7).
4. The adaptive variable diameter roller according to claim 1, wherein the folding variable diameter web lever comprises a variable diameter web lever (14), a variable diameter web lever stopper pin (1401), a variable diameter web lever guide rail seat (1402), a variable diameter guide rod (1403), a variable diameter link (1404), a link pin hole (1405), a link pin (1406), a variable diameter slide lever (1407), a slide lever pin (1408), a web lever fixing hole (1409);
the foldable variable-diameter width rods are uniformly distributed along the axial direction corresponding to the diameter adjusting cams (1), variable-diameter guide rods (1403) are symmetrically and fixedly connected to the front end face and the rear end face of the variable-diameter width rod guide rail seat (1402) and are respectively and correspondingly arranged on the inner sides of the front mounting width disc (25) and the rear mounting width disc (13), the variable-diameter guide rods (1403) are integrally embedded in the variable-diameter width rod guide rail seat (1402), and the variable-diameter guide rods (1403) are transversely traversed through the variable-diameter width rod limiting pins (1401) and are positioned in the sliding grooves of the variable-diameter width rod guide rail seat (1402) and play a limiting role in the sliding process; the variable-diameter connecting rods (1404) are symmetrically arranged on two side surfaces of the variable-diameter width rod (14), the upper ends of the connecting rods are connected with the variable-diameter width rod (14) through connecting rod pin holes (1405), the lower ends of the connecting rods are connected with variable-diameter sliding rods (1407) through connecting rod pins (1406), and the variable-diameter sliding rods (1407) are parallel to the variable-diameter width rod (14) in an initial state and are connected with sliding rod pin holes (1903) through sliding rod pins (1408) at the front ends; the variable-diameter spoke rod (14) is embedded between a cam spoke rod connecting seat I (101) and a cam spoke rod connecting seat II (102) on the lower bottom surface of the diameter adjusting cam (1), and a spoke rod fixing hole (1409) and a cam spoke rod connecting seat pin hole (103) are fixed through bolts; the reducing slide rod (1407) rotates around the connecting rod pin (1406) under the drive of the axial movement of the middle supporting web disc (19), and the folding reducing web rod is driven by the reducing guide rod (1403) to complete the telescopic movement, so that the second heavy diameter adjustment of the diameter adjustment device is completed.
5. The adaptive variable diameter cylinder according to claim 1, wherein the hydraulic system (33) comprises an oil tank (3301), a filter (3302), a hydraulic pump (3303), an overflow valve (3304), a two-position two-way electromagnetic directional valve (3305), a throttle valve (3306), a two-position three-way electromagnetic directional valve (3307), a three-position four-way electric directional valve (3308), and a single-chip controller (3309); the oil inlet of the three-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve (3308) is directly connected with the hydraulic pump (3303), the oil outlet is connected with the oil inlet of the hydraulic motor (6), the oil return port of the three-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve is connected with the two-position three-way electromagnetic directional valve (3307), the oil inlet of the two-position three-way electromagnetic directional valve (3307) is connected with the throttle valve (3306), the oil return port is connected with the oil tank (3301), the oil inlet of the throttle valve (3306) is connected with the oil outlet of the two-position two-way electromagnetic directional valve (3305), and the oil inlet of the overflow valve (3304) is directly connected with the hydraulic pump (3303).
6. The adaptive variable-diameter roller according to claim 1, wherein the control system comprises a single-chip microcomputer controller (3309), a linear displacement sensor (15), an angle encoder (16), a servo motor I (17), a wireless signal transmitting module (21), a web pushing shaft (26), a servo motor coupler (28), a web pushing shaft joint (29), a wireless signal receiving module (34) and a torque type flow sensor (35); the linear displacement sensors (15) are symmetrically arranged on one side surface of the variable-diameter amplitude rod (14), the angle encoders (16) are symmetrically arranged on the connecting rod pins (1406), the wireless signal transmitting module (21) and the wireless signal receiving module (34) are arranged on the surface of the middle supporting amplitude disc (19), and the torque type flow sensor (35) is symmetrically arranged at the front end and the rear end of the transmission main shaft (7); the servo motor I (17) is arranged on a mounting hole corresponding to the first middle supporting spoke plate (32), the servo motor coupler (28) is connected with a driving shaft of the servo motor I (17) and the spoke plate pushing shaft (26), the spoke plate pushing shaft (26) is a screw rod and is arranged in a spoke plate pushing shaft joint (29) with a screw hole, and the spoke plate pushing shaft joint (29) is fixed in a mounting hole corresponding to the middle supporting spoke plate (19); the control electric signal ends of the two-position two-way electromagnetic directional valve (3305), the two-position three-way electromagnetic directional valve (3307) and the three-position four-way electric directional valve (3308) are respectively and electrically connected with the single-chip microcomputer controller (3309), the electric signal of the linear displacement sensor (15) is transmitted to the single-chip microcomputer controller (3309) through the wireless signal transmitting module (21), and finally is returned to the servo motor I (17) through the wireless signal receiving module (34); the torque type flow sensor (35) monitors the feeding flow of the materials of the roller during shredding operation, when the feeding flow of the materials fluctuates, a transmission signal is sent to the controller to give a diameter-changing instruction, and after adjustment, the feeding signal fed back by the flow sensor is fed back to the singlechip controller.
7. The self-adaptive variable-diameter roller according to claim 1, wherein the tool setting system comprises a singlechip controller (3309), a servo motor II (20), a tool setting gear (22), a front mounting rack (23), a tool setting rack (24) and a front mounting rack (25); the singlechip controller (3309) integrates Bluetooth and WiFi functions, is arranged on the front base (9), and receives or sends out electric signals for controlling the electromagnetic valves, the motors and the sensors; the servo motor II (20) is arranged on a mounting hole position corresponding to the second middle supporting web disc (31), a servo motor coupler is connected with a servo motor II (20) driving shaft and a tool setting gear (22) driving shaft, the tool setting gear (22) is meshed with the tool setting gear (24), a tool setting gear base (2401) is connected with the surface of the outer wall (2503) of the front mounting web disc, and a plurality of balls (2504) are uniformly distributed on the surface in the axial direction; the mechanical part of the tool setting system is arranged on a front mounting spoke plate seat (23), a ball (2504) is arranged in a ball groove (2304), the other outer wall corresponding to the surface of the front mounting spoke plate outer wall (2503) of a front mounting spoke plate (25) is connected with a tool setting gear bin outer wall (2302), a tool setting gear bar base (2401) is embedded and arranged on a tool setting gear bin inner wall (2305), the front mounting spoke plate base (2301) is fixedly connected with a front base (9) through a front mounting spoke plate base mounting hole (2303), and a transmission main shaft (7) is connected with the front mounting spoke plate (25) through a transmission shaft hole (2501) on the front mounting spoke plate (25).
8. The self-adaptive variable-diameter roller according to claim 2, wherein the main sectional lines i (1201) and ii (1202) of the longitudinal section of the variable-diameter sliding rail (12) are bionic NUBRS curves, and the pose control relationship between the main sectional lines i (1201) and ii (1202) satisfies a third-order curve: p (P) AE (t)＝A*(1-t 3 )+B*3(1-t 2 )t+C*3(1-t)t 2 +D*t 3 Wherein AE is defined as main section line II (1202) at t= [0, e]The A, B, C, D, E is a point on a main intercept line I (1201) and a main intercept line II (1202), A, B, C, D is a control point, and coordinates of each point are respectively as follows: a (lcos theta, lsin theta), B (lcos theta + h sin theta, lsin theta + h cos theta), C (1, D + h), D (1,d) E (lcos (θ -. Beta.), lsin (θ -. Beta.), l is the major intercept II (1202) radius length, h is the length of AB and CD, θ is the angle between OA and x-axis, AB and y-axis, β is the angle between OE and OA, D is the height of the point D to x-axis.
9. A shredding hob, characterized in that: mounted on an adaptive variable diameter cylinder as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8.
CN202210639116.4A 2022-06-08 2022-06-08 Self-adaptive diameter-variable roller and chopping hob Active CN114982488B (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202210639116.4A CN114982488B (en) 2022-06-08 2022-06-08 Self-adaptive diameter-variable roller and chopping hob

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202210639116.4A CN114982488B (en) 2022-06-08 2022-06-08 Self-adaptive diameter-variable roller and chopping hob

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN114982488A CN114982488A (en) 2022-09-02
CN114982488B true CN114982488B (en) 2023-04-25

Family

ID=83032978

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202210639116.4A Active CN114982488B (en) 2022-06-08 2022-06-08 Self-adaptive diameter-variable roller and chopping hob

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN114982488B (en)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117067234B (en) * 2023-10-11 2023-12-22 常熟理工学院 Full-coverage scanning imaging robot for smooth curvature inner wall

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4135165C2 (en) * 1991-10-24 1998-04-09 Biso Maschf Gmbh Chopper
GB2411568A (en) * 2004-03-05 2005-09-07 Cnh Belgium Nv Forage harvester blower
CN104785337A (en) * 2015-04-14 2015-07-22 南京农业大学 Two-stage adjustable branch pulverizer
CN206260300U (en) * 2016-12-12 2017-06-20 山东牧神机械有限责任公司 A kind of bract chopping and throwing mechanism of maize harvesting machine
CN108076873B (en) * 2017-12-15 2023-08-22 佳木斯大学 Shredding device of silage harvester and control method thereof
CN112189455B (en) * 2020-09-30 2021-08-03 江苏大学 Self-locking hydraulic variable-diameter threshing cylinder and combine harvester
CN113366966A (en) * 2021-05-28 2021-09-10 中国热带农业科学院农业机械研究所 Variable-shaft-diameter ridge-imitating cassava stalk crushing and returning machine

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN114982488A (en) 2022-09-02

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN114982488B (en) Self-adaptive diameter-variable roller and chopping hob
CN100567643C (en) Tire road roller energy-saving control system
CN209109829U (en) A kind of numerical control milling train
CN112189455B (en) Self-locking hydraulic variable-diameter threshing cylinder and combine harvester
CN207185262U (en) United reaper stepless speed change device
CN113099781B (en) Ditching device for tobacco leaf production
CN104026718B (en) A kind of full-time grain fodder mixing machinery of small-sized self-walking
CN207706736U (en) A kind of antifouling only formula silage harvester
CN109173767A (en) Intelligent mixed pelletization integration trommel mixer
CN113575116B (en) Triangular crawler harvester for ratooning rice
CN110894458B (en) Automatic cake microorganism solid-state aerobic fermentation equipment
CN112048440B (en) Microorganism fermentation device
CN209113069U (en) Flexible driving clamp system
CN113787508A (en) Driving mechanism of rope-driven super-redundancy robot
CN218869039U (en) Screw feeder motor drive of intelligence robot of feeding
CN109290373A (en) Numerical control milling train
CN200956743Y (en) Stepless gearing grass cutter
CN107873239A (en) A kind of antifouling only formula silage harvester and its control method
CN2692155Y (en) Fermentation pond stirring turning equipment
CN116339144A (en) Electro-hydraulic self-adaptive driving and controlling system for variable-diameter roller and control method thereof
CN219137689U (en) Sand fixing vehicle for game Long Buyu
CN204281622U (en) A kind of hydraulic crawler stack turner
CN214316136U (en) Agricultural is with pine shi device convenient to adjust
CN221203693U (en) Automatic forage pushing robot for livestock breeding
CN215035242U (en) Integrated comprehensive processing machine tool for boring and milling box body

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PB01 Publication
PB01 Publication
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
GR01 Patent grant
GR01 Patent grant