CN114961724A - Small-aperture flexible pipeline integral pushing hydraulic fracturing construction method - Google Patents
Small-aperture flexible pipeline integral pushing hydraulic fracturing construction method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114961724A CN114961724A CN202210758453.5A CN202210758453A CN114961724A CN 114961724 A CN114961724 A CN 114961724A CN 202210758453 A CN202210758453 A CN 202210758453A CN 114961724 A CN114961724 A CN 114961724A
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000008235 industrial water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C37/00—Other methods or devices for dislodging with or without loading
- E21C37/06—Other methods or devices for dislodging with or without loading by making use of hydraulic or pneumatic pressure in a borehole
- E21C37/12—Other methods or devices for dislodging with or without loading by making use of hydraulic or pneumatic pressure in a borehole by injecting into the borehole a liquid, either initially at high pressure or subsequently subjected to high pressure, e.g. by pulses, by explosive cartridges acting on the liquid
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
- E21B33/10—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells in the borehole
- E21B33/12—Packers; Plugs
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
- E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
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- Drilling And Exploitation, And Mining Machines And Methods (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a small-aperture flexible pipeline integral push hydraulic fracturing construction method, which comprises the following steps: (1) connecting fracturing equipment and a pipeline; (2) carrying out small-bore drilling construction in the roadway, wherein the number of the small-bore drilling holes is at least 1; (3) carrying out string pushing on fracturing equipment; (4) sealing holes with high-pressure water; (5) performing first rock mass fracturing; (6) the integral retreating fracturing equipment string continuously fractures the rock body; (7) repeating the step (6) until 3 groups of hydraulic fractures are manufactured in the small-aperture drilling hole; (8) integrally withdrawing the fracturing equipment string and the flexible pipeline from the small-aperture drilling hole to complete all rock fracturing construction of a single drilling hole; (9) and (3) repeating the step (2) to the step (8), fracturing a plurality of small-aperture drilled holes, having the advantages of small equipment volume, convenient installation and high construction speed, and being beneficial to reducing the potential safety hazard of a mine and improving the production efficiency of a working face.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of underground coal mine construction, and particularly relates to an integral propelling hydraulic fracturing construction method for a small-aperture flexible pipeline.
Background
The hydraulic fracturing technology originates from the field of oil exploitation, and is widely applied in the directions of top coal fracturing, gob-side entry retaining roof cutting, primary roof caving, final mining roof cutting pressure relief and the like since the hydraulic fracturing technology is introduced into coal mines. When applied in coal mines, the main purposes of hydraulic fracturing are: the coal bed and the rock stratum are pretreated, hydraulic fractures are manufactured in advance, the strength of a coal rock body is reduced, and the coal bed gas permeability is increased or the roof collapse is promoted. Compared with the traditional energy-gathered blasting technology, the main consumption material of the hydraulic fracturing construction is underground industrial water, no additional pollution gas is generated in the fracturing process, the fracturing range is large, the engineering quantity is small, the cost is low, and the application prospect is wide.
The underground hydraulic fracturing is different from oil exploitation, and has the characteristics of limited construction space, narrow fracture range, small fracturing distance and the like, but the construction equipment of the underground hydraulic fracturing needs to meet various requirements of coal mine safety regulations, has higher fracturing density and has higher cost for fracturing rock masses with the same volume. At present, large-scale drilling machines are generally used for drilling in underground fracturing, and the hole diameter of the drilled hole is usually more than 50 mm. On one hand, a large-scale drilling machine occupies a large space, construction in a narrow roadway is inconvenient, and the adopted rigid pipeline is low in installation efficiency and low in push rod speed; on the other hand, the defects of large-aperture drilling and large-scale equipment severely restrict the construction efficiency, and the working face with insufficient mining and replacing can not meet the production requirements. Therefore, in order to ensure safe and efficient production, improvement on the current large-aperture rigid pipeline hydraulic fracturing technology is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical defects, the invention aims to provide the small-aperture flexible pipeline integral pushing hydraulic fracturing construction method which has the advantages of small equipment volume, convenience in installation and high construction speed, and is beneficial to reducing the potential safety hazard of a mine and improving the production efficiency of a working face.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a small-aperture flexible pipeline integral push hydraulic fracturing construction method, which comprises the following steps:
(1) carrying out fracturing equipment and pipeline connection: connecting the fracturing equipment string, the flexible pipeline, the water pump and the water tank sequentially through a tail connector, a pipeline front connector, a pipeline rear connector, a water pump water outlet, a water pump water inlet and a water tank water outlet to form a pumping system of fracturing fluid;
(2) carrying out small-bore drilling construction in the roadway, wherein the number of the small-bore drilling holes is at least 1;
(3) carrying out string pushing of fracturing equipment: directly sending the connected fracturing equipment string into a fracturing area at the bottom of a small-aperture drilling hole by pushing a flexible pipeline, and fixing the flexible pipeline and the internal fracturing equipment string at an orifice of the small-aperture drilling hole through a fixing device;
(4) sealing holes with high-pressure water: opening a switch of a water pump, pumping fracturing fluid in a water tank into the hole packer through the water pump and a flexible pipeline, keeping the pressure of the water pump at 8-10MPa, and enabling rubber on the surface of the hole packer to expand, expand and directly cling to the hole wall of a small-aperture drill hole to realize hole sealing;
(5) performing first rock mass fracturing: continuously increasing the pumping pressure of the water pump to enable fracturing fluid to flow out of a pressure relief hole in the middle connector of the hole packer, and when the pressure of the fracturing fluid in the hole sealing area is larger than 30MPa, damaging the rock body by the fracturing fluid to manufacture a hydraulic fracture; at the moment, the water pump is closed, and the first rock mass fracturing is completed;
(6) the whole retreating fracturing equipment string continuously fractures the rock body: integrally retreating the fracturing equipment string and the flexible pipeline for 5m to a next fracturing area, fixing the flexible pipeline and the fracturing equipment string inside the flexible pipeline through a fixing device, repeating the steps (4) to (5), completing rock fracturing of a second fracturing area, and manufacturing hydraulic fractures for the second time;
(7) repeating the step (6) until 3 groups of hydraulic fractures are manufactured in the small-aperture drilling hole;
(8) integrally withdrawing the fracturing equipment string and the flexible pipeline from the small-aperture drilling hole to complete the fracturing construction of all rock masses of a single drilling hole;
(9) and (5) repeating the step (2) to the step (8), and fracturing a plurality of small-aperture drill holes.
Preferably, the number of the small-aperture drill holes in the step (2) is more than or equal to 2, and the distance between the adjacent small-aperture drill holes is 10.0 m.
Preferably, in the step (1), the fracturing equipment string is formed by connecting a front hole packer and a rear hole packer in series through a middle connector, and the flexible pipeline is formed by connecting 2 flexible high-pressure hoses in series through a pipeline front connector and a pipeline rear connector.
Preferably, the hole packer in the step (3) is a ZL100-38 type hole packer.
Preferably, in the step (2), the construction of small-aperture drilling is carried out, pressurized air flow is injected into the drill rod after the construction is finished, and the drill bit exhausts air to clean the rock debris at the bottom of the hole so as to discharge the rock debris from the hole opening.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the small-aperture fracturing construction method has the advantages that the small-aperture fracturing construction is adopted, the used equipment is small in size, small in occupied space and convenient to install and construct, small apertures can be arranged more densely, the efficiency is higher compared with a large-aperture fracturing method, the fracturing effect is better, the construction speed can be higher, the potential safety hazard of a mine can be reduced, and the production efficiency of a working face can be improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic of a fracturing string of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a flexible circuit of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a fracturing fluid pumping system of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the small bore drilling operation of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic of a fracturing apparatus string push of the present invention;
FIG. 6-1 is a partial enlarged view of a fracture zone during the pushing of a fracturing apparatus string of the present invention;
FIG. 6-2 is a partial enlarged view of a fracture zone during plugging in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a close-up view of a fracture zone during a flood of fracturing fluid of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a close-up view of a fractured zone after hydraulic fracture creation according to the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram I of a secondary fractured rock mass of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a second schematic diagram of a secondary fractured rock mass of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a third schematic diagram of a secondary fractured rock mass of the present invention;
description of reference numerals:
1.0-fracturing equipment string, 1.1-front hole packer, 1.2-rear hole packer, 1.3-middle connector, 1.4-tail connector, 1.5-rubber, 1.6-pressure relief hole, 2.0-flexible pipeline, 2.1-high-pressure hose, 2.2-pipeline front connector, 2.3-pipeline rear connector, 3.0-water pump, 3.10-water pump, 3.1-water pump outlet, 3.2-water pump inlet, 4.0-water tank, 4.1-water tank outlet, 4-2-fracturing fluid, 5.0-mining drill rig, 5.1-drill rod, 5.2-drill bit, 6.0-small-aperture drill hole, 6.1-rock debris, 6.2-orifice, 7.0-fracturing area, 8.0-fixing device, 9.0 hydraulic fracture.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any creative effort based on the embodiments in the present invention, belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 11, the embodiment provides a small-bore flexible pipeline integral pushing hydraulic fracturing construction method,
the method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) the fracturing equipment and the pipeline are connected: as shown in fig. 1-fig. 3, a front hole packer 1.1 and a rear hole packer 1.2 of a ZL100-38 type hole packer are connected in series through a middle connector 1.3 to form a fracturing equipment string 1.0, a plurality of flexible high-pressure hoses 2.1 are connected in series through a pipeline front connector 2.2 and a pipeline rear connector 2.3 to form a flexible pipeline 2.0, and the fracturing equipment string 1.0, the flexible pipeline 2.0, a water pump 3.0 and a water tank 4.0 are connected in series through a tail connector 1.4, a pipeline front connector 2.2, a pipeline rear connector 2.3, a water pump water outlet 3.1, a water pump water inlet 3.2 and a water tank water outlet 4.1 to form a pumping system for fracturing fluid 4.2;
(2) constructing small-aperture drilling:
as shown in fig. 4, a mining drilling machine 5.0 is used for construction of a small-aperture drill hole 6.0 in a rock stratum in a roadway, clear water or wind is injected into a drill rod 5.1 after construction is finished, and rock debris 6.1 at the bottom of the hole is cleaned in a water discharging or air exhausting mode through a drill bit 5.2 and is discharged from an orifice 6.2;
(3) wholly push away the fracturing equipment cluster:
as shown in fig. 5-6-1, the connected fracturing equipment string 1.0 is directly sent to a fracturing area 7.0 in the small-aperture drill hole 6.0 by pushing the flexible pipeline 2.0, and the flexible pipeline 2.0 and the internal fracturing equipment string 1.0 are fixed at an orifice 6.3 of the small-aperture drill hole 6.0 through a fixing device 8.0;
(4) pumping high-pressure water for sealing holes:
as shown in fig. 6-2, a switch of a water pump 3.0 is turned on, fracturing fluid 4.2 in a water tank 4.0 is pumped into a front hole packer 1.1 and a rear hole packer 1.2 of a fracturing equipment string 1.0 through the water pump 3.0 and a flexible pipeline 2.0, so that rubber 1.5 on the surface of the hole packer expands, expands and directly clings to the hole wall of a small-aperture drill hole, and the hole sealing effect is realized;
(5) fracturing rock mass:
as shown in fig. 7-8, the pumping pressure of the water pump 3.0 is continuously increased, so that the fracturing fluid 4.2 flows out from the pressure relief hole 1.6 at the middle connector 1.3 of the hole packer, and when the pressure of the fracturing fluid 4.2 in the hole sealing area exceeds the rock fracture pressure, the fracturing fluid 4.2 will damage the rock, and a hydraulic fracture 9.0 is produced; at the moment, the water pump is closed by 3.0, and the first rock mass fracturing is completed;
(6) the whole retreating fracturing equipment string continuously fractures the rock body:
as shown in fig. 9, the fracturing equipment string 1.0 and the flexible pipeline 2.0 are integrally retreated to the next fracturing area, the flexible pipeline 2.0 and the fracturing equipment string 1.0 inside are fixed through the fixing device 8.0, the steps 4 and 5 are repeated, rock fracturing of the second fracturing area 7.0 is completed, and hydraulic fractures 9.0 are manufactured for the second time;
(7) repeatedly fracturing rock mass:
and (5) repeating the step (6) to manufacture a plurality of groups of hydraulic fractures 9.0 in the small-aperture drill holes 6.0.
(8) Integrally withdrawing the fracturing equipment string:
as shown in fig. 10, the fracturing equipment string 1.0 and the flexible pipeline 2.0 are integrally withdrawn from the small-aperture drilling hole 6.0, and all rock fracturing construction of a single drilling hole is completed;
(9) fracturing a plurality of small-bore boreholes
As shown in fig. 11, all the devices are moved to the next small-aperture drill hole 6.0, and the steps 2 to 8 are repeated until rock fracturing construction of other small-aperture drill holes 6.0 is completed, and multiple groups of hydraulic fractures 9.0 of multiple regions are integrally manufactured in the rock stratum.
Preferably, in step (1) and step (2) of this embodiment, some or all of the fracturing equipment may be connected to the ground in advance and transported to the underground construction site, and step (3) is directly performed after step (2) is completed; step (1) and step (2) can also be performed simultaneously downhole, and step (3) can be performed directly after completion.
Preferably, in step (2), the small-bore drilling construction can be replaced by a mining air drill, a water drill or other small-sized drilling machines with the same specification, so that the rock debris in the holes can be cleaned up, and the normal pushing of the fracturing equipment string in the later stage can be ensured.
Preferably, in the step (2), the step (8) and the step (9) of this embodiment, a plurality of small-bore holes may be constructed in advance, and after the step (8) is completed, the step (2) is not required, and the steps (3) to (8) are directly repeated to continuously perform the fracturing work of the plurality of small-bore holes.
Preferably, in step (5), step (7) and step (9) of this embodiment, the fracturing points of step (7) and step (5) determine the fracturing spacing inside the same small-bore hole, the fracturing points of step (5) and step (9) determine the arrangement spacing of different small-bore holes, the fracturing spacing and the arrangement spacing can be obtained by an on-site single-bore fracturing test, and the fracturing spacing and the arrangement spacing are respectively determined to be 5.0m and 10.0m by the on-site single-bore fracturing test.
Preferably, in the step (6), flexible pipelines in the fracturing equipment string can be marked with sizes in advance, and the retreating distance and the fracturing distance can be accurately controlled when retreating.
Preferably, in the step (9), when the fracturing equipment string is withdrawn and the fracturing construction of the next small-aperture drilling is not performed, the fracturing equipment string can be directly pressurized, and whether the fracturing equipment string is damaged or not is judged according to whether the hole packer is normally expanded, and the phenomena of water leakage and pressure relief are avoided.
The length of the small-aperture drilling hole is 14.5m, the aperture is 42mm, and the angle is 40 degrees; a 28mm drill hole and a 42mm drill bit are matched for use; the rated working pressure of the water pump is 46MPa, the flow is 70L/min, a water tank is arranged, and the diameter of a water outlet is 38 mm; the model of the hole packer is ZL100-38, the length of each hole packer is 1m, the diameter of each hole packer is 38mm, the length of each assembled fracturing equipment string is 2.5m, the hole sealing pressure is 10MPa, and the rated working pressure is 50 MPa; the diameter of the high-pressure hose is 38mm, the rated working pressure is 60MPa, and each pressure is 15 m; the fracturing fluid adopts underground industrial water, and rock mass fracture pressure is 30MPa, the vertical fracturing range is 5m, and the horizontal fracturing range is 10m through an early single-hole fracturing test; the size of each connector is matched with that of the equipment.
The devices or structures used in the present embodiment are all the existing devices or structures known to those skilled in the art, and the connection or control manner between them is also the existing connection or control manner known to those skilled in the art, and will not be described in detail here.
The embodiment adopts small aperture fracturing construction, and the equipment that uses is small, and occupation space is few, and easy to assemble and construction, and the small aperture can be denser sets up, and is higher for the method efficiency of large aperture fracturing, and the fracturing effect is better, and the construction speed can be faster, helps reducing mine potential safety hazard, improves working face production efficiency.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.
Claims (5)
1. The small-aperture flexible pipeline integral push hydraulic fracturing construction method is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) carrying out fracturing equipment and pipeline connection: connecting a fracturing equipment string (1.0), a flexible pipeline (2.0), a water pump (3.0) and a water tank (4.0) sequentially through a tail connector (1.4), a pipeline front connector (2.2), a pipeline rear connector (2.3), a water pump water outlet (3.1), a water pump water inlet (3.2) and a water tank water outlet (4.1) to form a pumping system of fracturing fluid (4.2);
(2) carrying out small-aperture drilling (6.0) construction in the roadway, wherein the number of the small-aperture drilling (6.0) is at least 1;
(3) carrying out string pushing of fracturing equipment: directly sending the connected fracturing equipment string (1.0) into a fracturing area (7.0) at the bottom of a small-aperture drill hole (6.0) by pushing a flexible pipeline (2.0), and fixing the flexible pipeline (2.0) and the internal fracturing equipment string (1.0) at an orifice (6.3) of the small-aperture drill hole (6.0) through a fixing device (8.0);
(4) sealing holes with high-pressure water: starting a switch of a water pump (3.0), pumping fracturing fluid (4.2) in a water tank (4.0) into the hole packer through the water pump (3.0) and a flexible pipeline (2.0), keeping the pressure of the water pump at 8-10MPa, and enabling rubber (1.5) on the surface of the hole packer to expand, expand and directly cling to the hole wall of a small-aperture drill hole to realize hole sealing;
(5) performing first rock mass fracturing: the pumping pressure of the water pump (3.0) is continuously increased, so that fracturing fluid (4.2) flows out from a pressure relief hole (1.6) at the middle connector (1.3) of the hole packer, and when the pressure of the fracturing fluid (4.2) in the hole sealing area is more than 30MPa, the fracturing fluid (4.2) damages a rock mass and a hydraulic fracture (9.0) is produced; at the moment, the water pump (3.0) is closed, and the first rock mass fracturing is completed;
(6) the whole retreating fracturing equipment string continuously fractures the rock body: integrally retreating the fracturing equipment string (1.0) and the flexible pipeline (2.0) for 5m to the next fracturing area, fixing the flexible pipeline (2.0) and the fracturing equipment string (1.0) inside the flexible pipeline (2.0) through a fixing device (8.0), repeating the steps (4) and (5), completing rock fracturing of the second fracturing area (7.0), and manufacturing a hydraulic fracture (9.0) for the second time;
(7) repeating the step (6) until 3 groups of hydraulic fractures (9.0) are manufactured in the small-aperture drill hole (6.0);
(8) integrally withdrawing the fracturing equipment string (1.0) and the flexible pipeline (2.0) from the small-aperture drilling hole (6.0) to complete all rock fracturing construction of a single drilling hole;
(9) and (5) repeating the steps (2) to (8) and fracturing a plurality of small-aperture drill holes (6.0).
2. The small-aperture flexible pipeline integral push hydraulic fracturing construction method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the number of the small-aperture drill holes (6.0) is more than or equal to 2, and the distance between the adjacent small-aperture drill holes (6.0) is 10.0 m.
3. The small-aperture flexible pipeline integral push hydraulic fracturing construction method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the fracturing equipment string (1.0) is formed by connecting a front hole packer (1.1) and a rear hole packer (1.2) in series through a middle connector (1.3), and the flexible pipeline (2.0) is formed by connecting 2 flexible high-pressure hoses (2.1) in series through a pipeline front connector (2.2) and a pipeline rear connector (2.3).
4. The small-aperture flexible pipeline integral push hydraulic fracturing construction method according to claim 1, wherein the hole packer in the step (3) is a ZL100-38 type hole packer.
5. The small-aperture flexible pipeline integral push hydraulic fracturing construction method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the small-aperture drilling (6.0) is carried out, after the construction is finished, pressurized air flow is injected into the drill pipe (5.1), and the drill bit (5.2) exhausts air to clean the rock debris (6.1) at the bottom of the hole so as to discharge the rock debris from the hole opening (6.2).
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| CN112901166A (en) * | 2021-03-29 | 2021-06-04 | 中国矿业大学 | Thick coal seam hydraulic fracturing roof cutting gob-side entry retaining method |
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