CN110410053B - Coal mine roof pressure relief method based on eyelet supporting - Google Patents

Coal mine roof pressure relief method based on eyelet supporting Download PDF

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CN110410053B
CN110410053B CN201910809164.1A CN201910809164A CN110410053B CN 110410053 B CN110410053 B CN 110410053B CN 201910809164 A CN201910809164 A CN 201910809164A CN 110410053 B CN110410053 B CN 110410053B
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expansion
pressure relief
pipe column
expansion pipe
string
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CN110410053A (en
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曲海
刘营
胡誉双
唐世茂
张硕
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Chongqing University of Science and Technology
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Chongqing University of Science and Technology
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B17/00Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/25Methods for stimulating production
    • E21B43/26Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Drilling And Exploitation, And Mining Machines And Methods (AREA)
  • Pipe Accessories (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a coal mine roof pressure relief method based on eyelet supporting, which is carried out according to the following steps: firstly, drilling a top plate above a coal seam to form a pressure relief hole, then putting an expansion pipe column into the pressure relief hole and expanding the expansion pipe column to support the hole wall of the pressure relief hole, and then carrying out pressure testing, perforation and fracturing. The invention has the advantages that the expansion pipe column is utilized to support the hole wall of the pressure relief hole, the hole wall collapse is effectively prevented, and stable conditions are provided for subsequent perforation and fracturing construction, so that the long hole is allowed to be drilled to perform large-range earth top plate pressure relief, the danger of rock burst is reduced, and the safety of subsequent mining is improved.

Description

Coal mine roof pressure relief method based on eyelet supporting
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of coal mining construction, and particularly relates to a coal mine roof pressure relief method based on eyelet supporting.
Background
Rock burst is a phenomenon that elastic deformation potential energy accumulated in a rock mass is suddenly and violently released under a certain condition to cause the rock to be rapidly damaged. In the coal mining process, a thick and hard sandstone roof above a coal seam is one of main factors influencing the occurrence of rock burst, and has great threat to mines, underground personnel and equipment. The top plate is broken by adopting the modes of super pilot tunnel, wide roadway tunneling, blasting, drilling, coal seam water injection or fracturing and the like, so that the energy generated by stress concentration released by the top plate is reduced, the impact vibration of the coal seam and a support caused by the fracture of the top plate due to mining influence and time effect is reduced, and the danger of rock burst can be effectively reduced.
The top plate pressure relief in hydraulic fracturing is a new development technology developed in recent years, and the fracturing technology for oil and gas wells is applied to the top plate pressure relief. The basic process is similar to fracturing production of oil and gas wells, namely, drilling a perforation to a top plate layer and then putting a perforation and fracturing tool for perforation fracturing. The different points are that the hole is smaller than a common oil-gas well, so that concrete cementing can not be carried out after drilling is finished, the stress of a top plate changes along with time, the hole wall is easy to collapse to cause hole blockage, a perforating tool can not be arranged or perforation is forced to be interrupted, and subsequent pressure relief construction can not be continued. Particularly after long holes are drilled, due to the fact that partial collapse easily occurs, a perforating tool is usually arranged on the drilled holes immediately after the holes are drilled in the prior art, multiple-point perforating is needed in the holes, and the threat of collapse of the holes in the process is always existed. Therefore, there is a need for a top plate pressure relief method that prevents collapse of the perforation to facilitate subsequent perforation and fracturing.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a coal mine roof pressure relief method based on eyelet supporting.
The technical scheme is as follows:
the coal mine roof pressure relief method based on the eyelet support is characterized by comprising the following steps:
drilling holes, namely drilling holes in a top plate above a coal seam to form pressure relief holes;
step two, supporting the pressure relief hole, namely putting an expansion pipe column into the pressure relief hole and expanding the expansion pipe column to support the hole wall of the pressure relief hole;
step three, pressure testing is carried out, and the expansion pipe column is determined to be well sealed;
fourthly, perforating, namely placing a perforating tool to a pre-perforating position for perforating;
and step five, fracturing.
By adopting the method, the expansion pipe column is placed in the pressure relief hole and expanded to support the hole wall, so that the hole wall collapse is effectively prevented, stable conditions are provided for subsequent perforation and fracturing construction, the expansion pipe tool and the expansion process adopted by the hole support are the prior art, the expansion pipe column with smaller original diameter is convenient to place in the pressure relief hole, and the expansion pipe column is expanded after being placed in the pressure relief hole to form stable support for the pressure relief hole.
Preferably, in the first step, a hole is drilled into the roof plate from the coal mine roadway in an inclined upward direction, and the hole is continuously drilled into the roof plate in a horizontal direction.
By adopting the method, most of the formed pressure relief holes are positioned at the proper depth of the top plate, so that the top plate is conveniently damaged by subsequent fracturing.
Preferably, the horizontal section of the pressure relief hole is located in the middle of the top plate in the vertical direction.
By adopting the design, the fracturing fracture penetrates through the top plate as far as possible in the vertical direction.
Preferably, the design depth of the pressure relief holes is larger than 300 m.
By adopting the design, the subsequent fracturing range is large due to the large depth of the pressure relief hole, and the pressure relief hole is more stable after the expansion pipe supporting operation is introduced, so that the deeper pressure relief hole is allowed to be drilled, and the drilling frequency in the fracturing process is reduced.
As a preferred technical scheme, in the second step, an expansion system is arranged;
the expansion system comprises an expansion pipe column, an expansion cone and an expansion plug;
the expansion pipe column is formed by sequentially connecting at least two sections of expansion pipes to a designed length along the same linear direction;
the expansion cone enters from any free end of the expansion pipe column and is nested in the expansion pipe column, the free end of the expansion cone is the head part of the expansion pipe column, and the other end of the expansion pipe column is the tail part;
the expansion plug comprises a plug seat and a plugging ball, the plug seat is fixedly arranged at the head of the expansion pipe column, the plug seat is positioned in front of the expansion cone, and the plugging ball is reserved;
the expansion cone is also connected with a coiled tubing, the free end of the coiled tubing is connected with the expansion cone, and the fixed end of the coiled tubing extends out of the tail part of the expansion pipe column;
the expanded string is then placed into the pressure relief bore through the coiled tubing and expanded.
By adopting the design, the expansion pipe column is convenient to place and expand.
Preferably, the expansion string is extended into the pressure relief hole until the head of the expansion string reaches the bottom of the pressure relief hole, and then pulled back to the predetermined bracing position.
By adopting the design, the position of the expansion pipe column in the pressure relief hole can be conveniently determined according to the depth of the pressure relief hole and the length of the coiled tubing extending into the pressure relief hole.
As a preferred technical scheme, after the expansion pipe column is placed in the pressure relief hole, the plugging ball is thrown from the wellhead end of the coiled tubing, a small amount of liquid is injected, the plugging ball passes through the inner hole of the expansion cone and then is seated on the plug seat to form the sealed expansion plug, and an expansion cavity is formed in an inner cavity of the expansion pipe column between the expansion plug and the expansion cone;
and injecting high-pressure liquid into the expansion cavity through the coiled tubing so as to expand the expansion pipe column corresponding to the expansion cavity, wherein the high-pressure liquid pushes the expansion cone to move towards the tail part of the expansion pipe column, and meanwhile, the coiled tubing is retracted, so that the expansion pipe column is gradually expanded from the head part to the tail part so as to support the inner wall of the pressure relief hole.
By adopting the design, the expansion technology of the expansion pipe is mature.
Preferably, the coiled tubing is used for placing a perforation tool to a pre-perforation position in the expansion pipe column, high-pressure abrasive water is pumped from the coiled tubing for perforation, and then the perforation tool is pulled back to perforate at a plurality of positions along the direction from the bottom to the outlet of the pressure relief hole.
By adopting the method, the pressure relief holes are perforated in a segmented mode.
As a preferred technical scheme, after perforation is finished, the perforation tool is pulled out, the coiled tubing is used for placing a fracturing string into the expansion string, two ends of the fracturing string are respectively provided with a hydraulic packer, the two hydraulic packers are connected with the same liquid supply conduit, and the liquid supply conduit is arranged along the coiled tubing;
firstly, placing the fracturing string to a perforation position at the bottom of the pressure relief hole, pressurizing the fracturing string to two hydraulic packers through the liquid supply conduit, expanding the hydraulic packers and respectively seating the hydraulic packers on the inner wall of the expansion string in front of and behind the perforation position, and then injecting fracturing liquid into the fracturing string to complete fracturing of one interval;
and releasing the pressure to enable the hydraulic packer to contract, dragging the fracturing string back to the next perforation position, and repeating the fracturing process to complete the staged fracturing of the whole pressure-releasing hole.
By adopting the method, the top plate is convenient to fracture.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the expansion pipe column is used for supporting the hole wall of the pressure relief hole, so that the hole wall collapse is effectively prevented, and stable conditions are provided for subsequent perforation and fracturing construction, and therefore the long hole is allowed to be drilled to perform large-range earth top plate pressure relief, the danger of rock burst is reduced, and the safety of subsequent mining is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of the location of a pressure relief vent;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the expansion system;
FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of the placement of an expansion string within a pressure relief bore;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a plugging ball being inserted and seated to plug a head seat;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the expansion string expanding and supporting the pressure relief vent;
FIG. 6 is a schematic illustration of placing a perforation tool into a pressure relief perforation for perforation;
FIG. 7 is a schematic illustration of staged fracturing with placement of a fracturing string into a pressure relief aperture;
fig. 8 is a schematic view of the top plate after fracturing.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples and the accompanying drawings.
A coal mine roof pressure relief method based on eyelet supporting is carried out according to the following steps:
step one, drilling a hole. As shown in fig. 1, a hole is drilled from the top of a coal mine roadway a to a top plate c above a coal seam b in an inclined upward manner, the drilling angle is 30-60 degrees, the hole is continuously drilled in the top plate c in a horizontal direction, a pressure relief hole 1 is formed, and the inner diameter of the pressure relief hole 1 is about 50 mm. In the vertical direction, the horizontal section of the pressure relief vent 1 is located in the middle layer of the top plate c.
And step two, supporting by using a hole. An expansion string 21 is placed into the pressure relief borehole 1 and expanded to support the wall of the pressure relief borehole 1.
Specifically, an expansion system is provided, as shown in fig. 2, and includes an expansion string 21, an expansion cone 22 and an expansion plug 23.
The expansion pipe column 21 is formed by sequentially connecting at least two sections of expansion pipes to a designed length along the same linear direction; the expansion cone 22 enters from any free end of the expansion pipe string 21 and is nested in the expansion pipe string 21, the free end of the expansion cone 22 is the head part of the expansion pipe string 21, and the other end of the expansion pipe string 21 is the tail part; the expansion plug 23 comprises a plug seat 23a and a plugging ball 23b, the plug seat 23a is fixedly arranged at the head of the expansion pipe column, the plug seat 23a is positioned in front of the expansion cone 22, and the plugging ball 23b is reserved.
The expansion cone 22 is further connected with a coiled tubing 3, the free end of the coiled tubing 3 is connected with the expansion cone 22, and the fixed end of the coiled tubing 3 extends out of the tail part of the expansion string 21. The expansion string 21 is placed into the pressure relief borehole 1 through the coiled tubing 3 and the expansion string 21 is expanded.
As shown in fig. 3, the expansion string 21 is run into the pressure relief borehole 1 until its head reaches the bottom of the pressure relief borehole 1, and then the expansion string 21 is pulled back to the predetermined bracing position. And then the blocking ball 23b is thrown in from the wellhead end of the continuous oil pipe 3, and a small amount of liquid is injected, so that the blocking ball 23b passes through the inner hole of the expansion cone 22 and then is seated on the plug seat 23a to form the sealed expansion plug 23, and the expansion cavity 4 is formed in the inner cavity of the expansion pipe column 21 between the expansion plug 23 and the expansion cone 22. This time as shown in figure 4.
Then, high-pressure liquid is injected into the expansion cavity 4 through the coiled tubing 3 to expand the expansion pipe column 21 corresponding to the expansion cavity 4, and the high-pressure liquid pushes the expansion cone 22 to move towards the tail part of the expansion pipe column 21, and meanwhile, the coiled tubing 3 is retracted, so that the expansion pipe column 21 gradually expands from the head part to the tail part to support the inner wall of the pressure relief hole 1. The expanded tubular string 21 is shown in figure 5 after completion of expansion. Expansion of the expansion pipe may also use plain tubing instead of the coiled tubing 3.
And step three, testing the pressure. And injecting water through the continuous oil pipe 3 for pressure maintaining, wherein the pressure testing pressure is lower than the internal pressure resistance strength of the expansion pipe column 21 so as to ensure that the expansion pipe column 21 is well sealed and prepare for fracturing for subsequent packing well sections.
And step four, perforating. As shown in fig. 6, the coiled tubing 3 is used to place a perforation tool 5 to a pre-perforated location within the expanded string 21, high pressure abrasive water is pumped from the coiled tubing 3 to perforate, and then the perforation tool 5 is pulled back to perforate at multiple locations along the bottom to exit direction of the pressure relief vent 1. After the perforation is completed, the perforation tool 5 is pulled out.
And step five, fracturing. As shown in fig. 7, a fracturing string 6 is placed into the expansion string 21 by using the coiled tubing 3, hydraulic packers 7 are respectively arranged at two ends of the fracturing string 6, two hydraulic packers 7 are connected with a same liquid supply conduit 7a, and the liquid supply conduit 7a is arranged along the coiled tubing 3. Firstly, placing the fracturing string 6 to a perforation position at the bottom of the pressure relief hole 1, manually pressurizing the fracturing string through the liquid supply conduit 7a until two hydraulic packers 7 are expanded and are respectively sealed on the inner wall of the expansion string 21 in front of and behind the perforation position, and then injecting fracturing fluid into the fracturing string 6 through a high-pressure pump to enable a top plate c to expand along the perforation position to form a crack 8, so that fracturing of one interval is completed. And releasing the pressure to enable the hydraulic packer 7 to contract, dragging the fracturing string 6 back to the next perforation position, and repeating the fracturing process to complete the staged fracturing of the whole pressure-releasing hole 1. The structure of the top plate c after fracturing is shown in fig. 8.
Hydraulic perforation and fracturing techniques are well established prior art and are described in detail in several publications, such as patent documents CN201210096577 and CN 109931062A.
When the hydraulic fracturing method is adopted to relieve the pressure of the top plate in the prior art, in order to ensure the safety of the pressure relief holes, the drilling depth is shallow and is mostly 10-20 m, the pressure relief range is small, and the distance between two adjacent pressure relief holes 1 is 10-15 m along the direction of a roadway a. However, the expansion pipe technology for patching the oil and gas well casing is creatively used for supporting the pressure relief hole, the design depth of the pressure relief hole 1 is generally more than 20m, even more than 300-400 m, after the support is carried out, the subsequent perforation and fracturing construction can be carried out orderly, the smooth operation of perforation and fracturing operation is greatly ensured, and the pressure relief of the top plate can be carried out in a large range by one-time perforation and fracturing. Therefore, the distance between two adjacent pressure relief holes 1 along the direction of the roadway a can be increased to 20m or more.
Finally, it should be noted that the above-mentioned description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make various similar representations without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. A coal mine roof pressure relief method based on eyelet supporting is characterized by comprising the following steps:
drilling holes, and drilling a top plate (c) above a coal seam (b) to form a pressure relief hole (1);
step two, supporting the pressure relief hole, namely putting an expansion pipe column (21) into the pressure relief hole (1) and expanding the expansion pipe column (21) to support the hole wall of the pressure relief hole (1) so as to prevent the hole wall from collapsing;
testing pressure, namely determining that the expansion pipe column (21) is well sealed;
fourthly, perforating, namely placing the perforating tool (c) to a pre-perforating position for perforating;
step five, fracturing;
in the first step, holes are drilled from the coal mine roadway (a) to the top plate (c) in an inclined upward mode, the drilling angle is 30-60 degrees, and the holes are drilled in the top plate (c) in a continuous extending mode along the horizontal direction;
in the vertical direction, the horizontal section of the pressure relief hole (1) is positioned in the middle of the top plate (c);
in the second step, an expansion system is arranged;
the expansion system comprises an expansion pipe column (21), an expansion cone (22) and an expansion plug (23);
the expansion pipe column (21) is formed by sequentially connecting at least two sections of expansion pipes to a designed length along the same linear direction;
the expansion cone (22) enters from any free end of the expansion pipe column (21) and is nested in the expansion pipe column (21), the free end of the expansion cone (22) is the head of the expansion pipe column (21), and the other end of the expansion pipe column (21) is the tail;
the expansion plug (23) comprises a plug seat (23a) and a plugging ball (23b), the plug seat (23a) is fixedly arranged at the head of the expansion pipe column, the plug seat (23a) is positioned in front of the expansion cone (22), and the plugging ball (23b) is reserved;
the expansion cone (22) is also connected with a coiled tubing (3), the free end of the coiled tubing (3) is connected with the expansion cone (22), and the fixed end of the coiled tubing (3) extends out of the tail part of the expansion pipe column (21);
the expansion string (21) is then placed into the pressure relief borehole (1) through the coiled tubing (3), and the expansion string (21) is expanded.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises: the design depth of the pressure relief hole (1) is more than 300 m.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises: the expansion pipe string (21) is extended into the pressure relief hole (1) until the head of the expansion pipe string reaches the bottom of the pressure relief hole (1), and then the expansion pipe string (21) is pulled back to a preset supporting position.
4. The method for coal mine roof pressure relief based on hole supporting of claim 1 or 3, wherein: after the expansion pipe column (21) is placed in the pressure relief hole (1), throwing the blocking ball (23b) from the wellhead end of the coiled tubing (3), injecting a small amount of liquid, enabling the blocking ball (23b) to pass through the inner hole of the expansion cone (22) and then seat on the plug seat (23a) to form the sealed expansion plug (23), wherein the inner cavity of the expansion pipe column (21) between the expansion plug (23) and the expansion cone (22) forms an expansion cavity (4);
and injecting high-pressure liquid into the expansion cavity (4) through the coiled tubing (3) so as to expand the expansion pipe column (21) corresponding to the expansion cavity (4), wherein the high-pressure liquid pushes the expansion cone (22) to move towards the tail part of the expansion pipe column (21), and meanwhile, the coiled tubing (3) is retracted, so that the expansion pipe column (21) is gradually expanded from the head part to the tail part to support the inner wall of the pressure relief hole (1).
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises: placing a perforation tool (5) with the coiled tubing (3) to a pre-perforated location within the expanded string (21), pumping high pressure abrasive water from the coiled tubing (3) to perforate, and then pulling back the perforation tool (5) to perforate at multiple locations along the bottom to outlet direction of the pressure relief perforations (1).
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises: after perforation is finished, the perforation tool (5) is lifted out, a fracturing string (6) is placed into the expansion string (21) by using the coiled tubing (3), two ends of the fracturing string (6) are respectively provided with a hydraulic packer (7), the two hydraulic packers (7) are connected with the same liquid supply conduit (7a), and the liquid supply conduit (7a) is arranged along the coiled tubing (3);
firstly, placing the fracturing string (6) to a perforation position at the bottom of the pressure relief hole (1), pressurizing the fracturing string to the inner wall of the expansion string (21) which is expanded and sealed in front of and behind the perforation position by two hydraulic packers (7) through the liquid supply conduit (7a), and then injecting fracturing fluid into the fracturing string (6) to complete fracturing of one interval;
and releasing the pressure to enable the hydraulic packer (7) to contract, dragging the fracturing string (6) back to the next perforation position, and repeating the fracturing process to complete the segmented fracturing of the whole pressure-releasing hole (1).
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CN111270987B (en) * 2020-01-20 2020-12-25 中国矿业大学 Method for accurately preventing and controlling rock burst in remote area under coal mine
CN111810164B (en) * 2020-07-13 2022-05-31 晋能控股煤业集团有限公司 Hard roof cutting method based on perforation and hydraulic fracturing
CN117189112B (en) * 2023-11-07 2024-01-12 中国矿业大学(北京) System and method for directional drilling and reaming-different Kong Chuzha collaborative hole making and unloading control of residual coal pillar

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CN104879159A (en) * 2015-06-11 2015-09-02 河南理工大学 Gas permeability-increase extraction device and method for soft coal seam stoping face
CN107013180A (en) * 2017-06-02 2017-08-04 中国石油天然气集团公司 The solvable expansion plugging device of pit shaft
CN108386193A (en) * 2018-02-02 2018-08-10 陕西煤业化工技术研究院有限责任公司 A kind of hard integrality top plate chemically expansible pressure break pressure relief method in end
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SU1460269A1 (en) * 1987-06-23 1989-02-23 Всесоюзный научно-исследовательский институт горной геомеханики и маркшейдерского дела Roof control method
CN202531151U (en) * 2012-04-01 2012-11-14 天地科技股份有限公司 Hydraulic fracturing device for coal mine laneway pressure relief
CN104879159A (en) * 2015-06-11 2015-09-02 河南理工大学 Gas permeability-increase extraction device and method for soft coal seam stoping face
CN107013180A (en) * 2017-06-02 2017-08-04 中国石油天然气集团公司 The solvable expansion plugging device of pit shaft
CN108386193A (en) * 2018-02-02 2018-08-10 陕西煤业化工技术研究院有限责任公司 A kind of hard integrality top plate chemically expansible pressure break pressure relief method in end
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