CN110145293B - Poly-generation well-free underground coal gasification method - Google Patents
Poly-generation well-free underground coal gasification method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110145293B CN110145293B CN201910537465.3A CN201910537465A CN110145293B CN 110145293 B CN110145293 B CN 110145293B CN 201910537465 A CN201910537465 A CN 201910537465A CN 110145293 B CN110145293 B CN 110145293B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B35/00—Methods or apparatus for preventing or extinguishing fires
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/295—Gasification of minerals, e.g. for producing mixtures of combustible gases
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/30—Specific pattern of wells, e.g. optimizing the spacing of wells
- E21B43/305—Specific pattern of wells, e.g. optimizing the spacing of wells comprising at least one inclined or horizontal well
Abstract
The invention discloses a poly-generation well-free underground coal gasification method, which comprises drilling operation, well cementation operation, gas extraction operation, underground coal gasification operation, combustion space area treatment operation and CO2And sealing and storing operation and the like. The poly-generation well-free underground coal gasification method can greatly reduce the drilling engineering quantity, can realize the sequential completion of gas extraction operation, underground coal gasification operation, goaf treatment operation, gas sealing operation and hole sealing operation through the pumping and injecting integrated multi-purpose pipe assembly based on a single drilling construction process, greatly improves the utilization rate of drilled holes, realizes the reduction of production cost while realizing the underground coal gasification operation of poly-generation, can realize the reutilization of underground waste space, can effectively overcome the defects of low drilling utilization rate, high production cost and the like in the prior art, and is particularly suitable for underground coal gasification operation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an underground coal gasification method, in particular to a poly-generation well-free underground coal gasification method suitable for underground coal mines, and belongs to the technical field of development and utilization of coal resources.
Background
Underground coal gasification is used as an exploratory underground in-situ fluidized coal mining process, and comprises a well type underground gasification process and a non-well type underground gasification process, wherein the non-well type underground gasification process is communicated through underground drill holes to form a gasification furnace for gasification, and can be used for recovering coal resources which cannot be mined manually and are not economical to mine. The shaft-free underground coal gasification is efficient and economical, realizes underground unmanned operation, and ensures the safety of the production process. But because a large number of drill holes need to be drilled from the ground to the coal seam and communicated, the drilling engineering amount is large. And at present, a large number of drill holes are only used in the coal gasification process and cannot be fully utilized, so that the drill hole utilization rate is low, and resource waste is caused.
The existing drilling extraction method is generally applied to the extraction process of resource gases such as coal bed gas, shale gas and the like, and mainly adopts the processes of directional drilling, deep fracturing and pumping and the like. For some coal resources with complete occurrence, because a large amount of originally occurring gas in the coal seam affects the gasification process, the gasification effect and the like, before underground gasification is carried out, the original gas needs to be extracted. After the coal gasification process is finished, residual coal and fire zones still exist under the ground, gas explosion and large-area underground fire can be caused, serious potential safety hazards are generated, and meanwhile, the underground environment is polluted, so that the problem of how to effectively extinguish the fire zones of the gasification furnace is prominent. After coal is gasified and recycled, underground waste space can appear, and how to utilize the space resource is a problem to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides a poly-generation well-free underground coal gasification method, which can realize poly-generation underground coal gasification operation on the premise of greatly improving the utilization rate of drilled holes, further realize reduction of production cost, realize reutilization of underground waste space, and is particularly suitable for underground coal gasification operation.
In order to realize the purpose, the poly-generation well-free underground coal gasification method specifically comprises the following steps:
a) drilling operation: firstly, a directional drilling technology is adopted, two inclined drill holes are obliquely constructed from the ground to the coal seam from back to front, the two inclined drill holes are respectively drilled into the coal seam, and then continuously drilled forwards for a set distance along the coal seam trend to form two coal seam drill hole sections, the two inclined drill holes and the two coal seam drill hole sections respectively form a continuous main drill hole I and a continuous main drill hole II, and then a plurality of feather-shaped branch drill holes with blind hole structures are constructed in the coal seam between the main drill hole I and the main drill hole II at set intervals on the basis of the main drill hole I and the main drill hole II;
b) well cementation operation: installing sleeves in the main drilling hole I and the main drilling hole II, wherein the installation range is from the earth surface to the end hole of the main drilling hole, the sleeves from the earth surface to the position before entering a coal seam adopt seamless sleeves, and the sleeves after entering the coal seam adopt sieve tubes; then installing a pumping and injection integrated multipurpose pipe assembly in a sleeve from the ground surface to the position before entering a coal seam; the pumping and injecting integrated multipurpose pipe assembly comprises a pumping and injecting integrated pipe and a special grouting and hole sealing pipe, wherein the bottom end of the pumping and injecting integrated pipe penetrates through a high-temperature-resistant baffle I and is positioned and erected in the sleeve through the high-temperature-resistant baffle I; cement paste is poured between the sleeve and the hole wall to fix the pipe, cement paste is poured into the sleeve to seal the extraction integrated pipe and the special grouting hole sealing pipe and position the pipes in the sleeve, and finally plugging materials are filled in the space between the high-temperature-resistant baffle I and the high-temperature-resistant baffle II through the special grouting hole sealing pipe;
c) gas extraction operation: respectively connecting a gas extraction pump with the surface end interfaces of the extraction integrated pipes in the main drill hole I and the main drill hole II on the ground, starting the gas extraction pump, and extracting coal seam gas through the main drill hole I, the main drill hole II and each branch drill hole;
d) underground coal gasification operation: after gas extraction operation is completed, taking the main drill hole I or the main drill hole II as a gas inlet well, taking the main drill hole II or the main drill hole I as a gas outlet well, drilling a construction ignition well drilled to the final hole position of the gas inlet well on the ground surface right above the final hole position of the gas inlet well in a manner of being vertical to the ground, performing well cementation operation, then connecting an air injection pump with the surface end interface of an extraction integrated pipe of the gas inlet well, connecting an air extraction pump with the surface end interface of the extraction integrated pipe of the gas outlet well, starting the air injection pump and the air extraction pump while igniting the ignition well, communicating the final hole positions of the main drill hole I and the main drill hole II by utilizing a fire communication principle to form a coal underground gasification furnace, sending a gasification agent to the coal underground gasification furnace through the gas inlet well according to a set flow rate, and pumping a gasification product out of the ground; after the working surface of the gasification furnace burns and returns to a set mining stop line position at the rear end of the coal seam drilling section, the underground coal gasification operation is completed;
e) and (3) processing operation of the combustion space area: respectively connecting a filling pump with surface end interfaces of extraction integrated pipes of a main drilling hole I and a main drilling hole II, and simultaneously injecting a removing agent, a purifying agent and a fire extinguishing agent into the combustion space area through the main drilling hole I and the main drilling hole II;
f)CO2sealing and storing operation: connecting a gas injection pump with the surface end interfaces of the extraction integrated pipes of the main drill hole I and the main drill hole II respectively, and simultaneously injecting CO into the combustion space area through the main drill hole I and the main drill hole II2Gas, and finally plugging the gas inlet well, the gas outlet well and the ignition well to CO2And (5) sealing the gas.
As a further development of the invention, in step c), CH is removed from the gas as it is4Stopping gas extraction and utilization when the concentration is reduced to 30 percent, and continuing to continuously pump and discharge until CH is reserved4And after the concentration is reduced to below 9 percent and the setting time is kept stable, the gas extraction operation is finished.
As a further improvement of the invention, the two coal seam drilling sections in the step a) are arranged in parallel.
As a further improvement of the invention, the branch drill holes in the step a) are constructed in a way of inclining forwards in the direction of the coal seam.
As a further improvement of the invention, the drilling depth of the branch drilling holes in the step a) is 20-40 m, and the distance between the branch drilling holes is 5-10 m.
As a preferable scheme of the invention, the plugging material injected into the space between the high-temperature resistant baffle I and the high-temperature resistant baffle II in the step b) is a high-water plugging fire-preventing and extinguishing material taking super absorbent resin as a base material.
Compared with the prior art, the poly-generation well-free underground coal gasification method only needs to drill three drill holes, namely the main drill hole I, the main drill hole II and the ignition well, so that the drilling engineering quantity can be greatly reduced; through installing the pump drainage integration multipurpose pipe assembly in the earth's surface to the sleeve pipe before getting into the coal seam, consequently based on single drilling work progress, can realize accomplishing gas extraction operation in proper order through pump drainage integration multipurpose pipe assembly, coal underground gasification operation, the operation is handled in the combustion space area, gas seals up and deposits operation and hole sealing operation, greatly improve the utilization ratio of drilling, realize reduction in production cost when realizing the coal underground gasification operation of polygeneration, and can realize underground abandonment space and recycle, can effectively overcome prior art drilling low-usage, manufacturing cost height etc. is not enough, be particularly useful for coal underground gasification operation.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of the installation structure of the pumping and filling integrated multipurpose tube assembly of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. the coal mining device comprises main drill holes I and 2, main drill holes II and 3, branch drill holes 4, a sleeve pipe 5, an extraction integrated pipe 6, a special grouting and hole sealing pipe 7, high-temperature-resistant baffles I and 8, high-temperature-resistant baffles II and 9, an ignition well 10, an underground coal gasification furnace 11, the ground 12, a coal bed 13 and a mining stop line.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings (hereinafter, the left side direction of fig. 1 will be referred to as the front direction).
As shown in figure 1, the poly-generation well-free underground coal gasification method specifically comprises the following steps:
a) drilling operation: the method comprises the steps of firstly adopting a directional drilling technology, obliquely constructing two inclined drill holes from back to front from the ground 11 to the direction of a coal seam 12, namely, the inclined drill holes and the coal seam 12 located in front form an obtuse angle, so that the coal seam drill hole sections can be conveniently drilled in the subsequent steering mode, continuously drilling forwards for a set distance to form two coal seam drill hole sections respectively along the trend of the coal seam 12 after the two inclined drill holes respectively drill into the coal seam 12, and respectively forming a continuous main drill hole I1 and a continuous main drill hole II 2 with the two inclined drill holes respectively.
b) Well cementation operation: installing a casing 4 in the main drilling hole I1 and the main drilling hole II 2 in a range from the earth surface to the final hole of the main drilling hole, wherein the casing 4 from the earth surface to the position before entering a coal seam adopts a seamless casing, and the casing 4 after entering the coal seam adopts a sieve tube; then installing a pumping and injection integrated multi-purpose pipe assembly in the casing 4 from the ground surface to the position before entering the coal seam; as shown in fig. 2, the pumping and injecting integrated multipurpose pipe assembly comprises an extraction and extraction integrated pipe 5 and a grouting hole sealing special pipe 6, wherein the bottom end of the extraction and extraction integrated pipe 5 penetrates through a high-temperature-resistant baffle I7 and is positioned and erected in a sleeve 4 through the high-temperature-resistant baffle I7, the bottom end of the extraction and extraction integrated pipe 5 is provided with a gas collection end, the gas collection end is provided with a plurality of through gas collection through holes, the bottom end of the grouting hole sealing special pipe 6 penetrates through a high-temperature-resistant baffle II 8 and is positioned and erected on the extraction and extraction integrated pipe 5 through the high-temperature-resistant baffle II 8, and the bottom end of the grouting hole sealing special pipe 6 is positioned between the high-temperature-resistant baffle I7 and; and cement paste is poured between the sleeve 4 and the hole wall to fix the pipe, the cement paste is poured into the sleeve 4 to enable the extraction integrated pipe 5 and the special grouting hole sealing pipe 6 to be sealed and positioned in the sleeve 4, and finally, the space between the high-temperature-resistant baffle I7 and the high-temperature-resistant baffle II 8 is filled with plugging materials through the special grouting hole sealing pipe 6.
c) Gas extraction operation: after the drilling and cementing operation is finished, a gas extraction pump is respectively connected with the ground surface end ports of the extraction integrated pipe 5 in the main drill hole I1 and the main drill hole II 2 on the ground 11, the gas extraction pump is started, coal bed gas is extracted through the main drill hole I1, the main drill hole II 2 and each branch drill hole 3, and CH in the extracted gas is removed4Stopping gas extraction and utilization when the concentration is reduced to 30 percent, and continuing to continuously pump and discharge until CH is reserved4And after the concentration is reduced to below 9 percent and the setting time is kept stable, the gas extraction operation is finished.
d) Underground coal gasification operation: taking a main drilling hole I1 or a main drilling hole II 2 as a gas inlet well, taking the main drilling hole II 2 or the main drilling hole I1 as a gas outlet well, drilling a construction ignition well 9 drilled to the terminal hole position of the gas inlet well on the ground surface right above the terminal hole position of the gas inlet well perpendicular to the ground 11, performing well cementation operation, connecting an air injection pump with the ground surface end port of an extraction integrated pipe 5 of the gas inlet well, connecting an air extraction pump with the ground surface end port of the extraction integrated pipe 5 of the gas outlet well, starting the air injection pump and the air extraction pump while igniting the ignition well 9, communicating the terminal hole positions of the main drilling hole I1 and the main drilling hole II 2 by using a fire communication principle to form a coal underground gasification furnace 10, sending a gasification agent to the coal underground gasification furnace 10 through the gas inlet well according to a set flow rate, and pumping a gasification product out of the ground 11 through the gas; and stopping underground coal gasification operation after the working surface of the gasification furnace burns and retreats to the position of a set mining stop line 13 positioned at the rear end of the coal seam drilling section.
e) And (3) processing operation of the combustion space area: after the underground coal gasification operation is finished, the filling pump is respectively connected with the surface end interfaces of the extraction integrated pipes 5 of the main drill hole I1 and the main drill hole II 2, and meanwhile, a removing agent, a purifying agent, a fire extinguishing agent and the like are injected into the combustion space area through the main drill hole I1 and the main drill hole II 2, so that toxic and harmful components in ash slag in the combustion space area are removed, and the high-temperature point of the combustion space area is completely extinguished.
f)CO2Sealing and storing operation: after the processing operation of the combustion space area is finished, the gas injection pump is respectively connected with the surface end interfaces of the extraction integrated pipe 5 of the main drilling hole I1 and the main drilling hole II 2, and CO is injected into the combustion space area through the main drilling hole I1 and the main drilling hole II 22Gas, and finally plugging the gas inlet well, the gas outlet well and the ignition well 9 to CO2The gas is sealed and stored, and the combustion space area is fully utilized to improve the gas sealing and storing efficiency.
In order to facilitate the penetration of the final hole positions of the main drilling hole I1 and the main drilling hole II 2 by utilizing the fire penetration principle to form the underground coal gasification furnace 10, as a further improvement scheme of the invention, two coal seam drilling sections in the step a) are arranged in parallel.
In order to facilitate the directional drilling and turning operation to drill the branch drill hole 3, as a further improvement of the invention, the branch drill hole 3 in the step a) is constructed in a way of inclining forwards to the direction of the coal seam 12.
In order to increase the air permeability of the coal seam 12 and improve the gas extraction efficiency, the drilling depth of the branch drill holes 3 in the step a) is 20-40 m, and the distance between the branch drill holes 3 is 5-10 m.
The plugging material injected into the space between the high temperature resistant baffle I7 and the high temperature resistant baffle II 8 can be a foam fireproof plugging material taking foamed cement as a base material, and can also be a high water plugging fire prevention and extinguishing material taking super absorbent resin as a base material, and the latter can absorb water quantity which is hundreds to thousands of times of the weight of the material, can swell in a short time after contacting with water, forms gel after absorbing water, dehydrates under certain pressure, has unique high water retention capacity, and has performance far superior to that of the traditional plugging material, so the latter is preferred, namely, as a preferred scheme of the invention, the plugging material injected into the space between the high temperature resistant baffle I7 and the high temperature resistant baffle II 8 in the step b) is the high water plugging fire prevention and extinguishing material taking super absorbent resin as the base material.
The poly-generation well-free underground coal gasification method can greatly reduce the drilling engineering quantity, can realize the sequential completion of gas extraction operation, underground coal gasification operation, goaf treatment operation, gas sealing operation and hole sealing operation through the pumping and injecting integrated multi-purpose pipe assembly based on a single drilling construction process, greatly improves the utilization rate of drilled holes, realizes the reduction of production cost while realizing the underground coal gasification operation of poly-generation, can realize the reutilization of underground waste space, can effectively overcome the defects of low drilling utilization rate, high production cost and the like in the prior art, and is particularly suitable for underground coal gasification operation.
Claims (5)
1. A poly-generation well-free underground coal gasification method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a) drilling operation: firstly, a directional drilling technology is adopted, two inclined drill holes are obliquely constructed from back to front in the direction from the ground (11) to a coal seam (12), the two inclined drill holes are respectively drilled into the coal seam (12) and then continuously drilled forwards for a set distance along the trend of the coal seam (12) to form two coal seam drill hole sections, the two coal seam drill hole sections are arranged in parallel, the two inclined drill holes and the two coal seam drill hole sections respectively form a continuous main drill hole I (1) and a continuous main drill hole II (2), and then a plurality of feather-shaped blind hole structure branch drill holes (3) are constructed in the coal seam (12) between the main drill hole I (1) and the main drill hole II (2) at set intervals on the basis of the main drill hole I (1) and the main drill hole II (2);
b) well cementation operation: installing a casing (4) in the main drilling hole I (1) and the main drilling hole II (2), wherein the installation range is from the earth surface to the final hole of the main drilling hole, the casing (4) from the earth surface to the position before entering a coal seam adopts a seamless casing, and the casing (4) after entering the coal seam adopts a sieve tube; then installing a pumping and injection integrated multi-purpose pipe assembly in a casing (4) from the ground surface to the position before entering the coal seam; the pumping and injecting integrated multipurpose pipe assembly comprises a pumping and injecting integrated pipe (5) and a grouting hole sealing special pipe (6), the bottom end of the pumping and injecting integrated pipe (5) penetrates through a high-temperature-resistant baffle I (7) and is positioned and erected in a sleeve (4) through the high-temperature-resistant baffle I (7), the bottom end of the pumping and injecting integrated pipe (5) is provided with a gas collecting end, a plurality of through gas collecting through holes are formed in the gas collecting end, the bottom end of the grouting hole sealing special pipe (6) penetrates through a high-temperature-resistant baffle II (8) and is positioned and erected on the pumping and injecting integrated pipe (5) through the high-temperature-resistant baffle II (8), and the bottom end of the grouting hole sealing special pipe (6) is positioned between the high-temperature-resistant baffle I (7) and the high-temperature; grouting cement slurry between the sleeve (4) and the hole wall to fix the pipe, grouting cement slurry in the sleeve (4) to seal the extraction integrated pipe (5) and the special grouting hole sealing pipe (6) and position the pipes in the sleeve (4), and finally filling a space between the high-temperature resistant baffle I (7) and the high-temperature resistant baffle II (8) with plugging materials through the special grouting hole sealing pipe (6);
c) gas extraction operation: respectively connecting a gas extraction pump with the surface end ports of the extraction integrated pipes (5) in the main drill hole I (1) and the main drill hole II (2) on the ground (11), starting the gas extraction pump, and extracting coal bed gas through the main drill hole I (1), the main drill hole II (2) and each branch drill hole (3);
d) underground coal gasification operation: after the gas extraction operation is finished, taking the main drill hole I (1) or the main drill hole II (2) as a gas inlet well, taking the main drill hole II (2) or the main drill hole I (1) as a gas outlet well, drilling and constructing an ignition well (9) drilled to the terminal hole position of the gas inlet well in a manner that the ground surface right above the terminal hole position of the gas inlet well is vertical to the ground surface (11), performing well cementation operation, connecting an air injection pump with the surface end interface of an extraction integrated pipe (5) of the gas inlet well, connecting an air extraction pump with the surface end interface of the extraction integrated pipe (5) of the gas outlet well, starting the air injection pump and the air extraction pump while igniting the ignition well (9), penetrating the terminal hole positions of the main drill hole I (1) and the main drill hole II (2) to form an underground coal gasification furnace (10) by utilizing a through fire principle, and sending a gasification agent to the underground coal gasification furnace (10) through the gas inlet well according to a set, the gasification products are pumped out of the ground (11) through an air outlet well; after the working surface of the gasification furnace burns and returns to the position of a set mining stop line (13) positioned at the rear end of the coal seam drilling section, the underground coal gasification operation is completed;
e) and (3) processing operation of the combustion space area: respectively connecting a perfusion pump with the surface end interfaces of the extraction integrated pipe (5) of the main drilling hole I (1) and the main drilling hole II (2), and simultaneously injecting a removing agent, a purifying agent and a fire extinguishing agent into the combustion space area through the main drilling hole I (1) and the main drilling hole II (2);
f)CO2sealing and storing operation: a gas injection pump is respectively connected with the ground surface end interface of the extraction integrated pipe (5) of the main drilling hole I (1) and the main drilling hole II (2), and CO is injected into the combustion space area through the main drilling hole I (1) and the main drilling hole II (2)2Gas, and finally plugging the gas inlet well, the gas outlet well and the ignition well (9) to CO2And (5) sealing the gas.
2. The underground coal gasification method of claim 1, wherein CH is extracted from the extracted gas in step c)4Stopping gas extraction and utilization when the concentration is reduced to 30 percent, and continuing to continuously pump and discharge until CH is reserved4And after the concentration is reduced to below 9 percent and the setting time is kept stable, the gas extraction operation is finished.
3. The underground coal gasification method of the polygeneration well-free type according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the branch drilling holes (3) in the step a) are constructed in a way of inclining forwards to the direction of the coal seam (12).
4. The underground coal gasification method for poly-generation well-free coal as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the drilling depth of the branch drilling holes (3) in the step a) is 20-40 m, and the distance between the branch drilling holes (3) is 5-10 m.
5. The underground poly-generation well-free coal gasification method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the plugging material injected into the space between the high temperature resistant baffle I (7) and the high temperature resistant baffle II (8) in the step b) is a high water plugging fire prevention and extinguishing material based on super absorbent resin.
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| CN112761612A (en) * | 2021-01-07 | 2021-05-07 | 中国煤炭地质总局勘查研究总院 | Method for underground coal gasification by using waste coal bed gas well |
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