CN103541711A - Small aperture hydrofracturing control method for coal face end unsupported roof - Google Patents
Small aperture hydrofracturing control method for coal face end unsupported roof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A small aperture hydrofracturing control method for a coal face end unsupported roof includes using an anchor cable drill to construct small aperture fracturing boreholes in the roof at the coal face mining roadway end along the side of the roadway. According to the principle that a caving roof needs to completely fill a gob, the bulk factor is taken by experience to determine borehole depth that is two to four times of coal face mining height; according to the crack propagation distance and the roadway support manner, the borehole distance once to two times of the crack propagation distance is determined. A small aperture hole packer is conveyed to a specified position to pack a hole through a small aperture high-pressure sealing mounting tube, the roof is subjected to high-pressure hydrofracturing by a high-pressure pump, the roof structure is modified, and roof strength is weakened. The deep hole retreating fracturing process is adopted for a fracturing hole more than 4m in hole depth so as to ensure uniformity in crack propagation. The hole is drilled with the anchor cable drill; the method is simple and convenient and requires low labor; timely caving of the coal face end unsupported roof is achieved, and production safety of the coal face is guaranteed.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of hydraulic fracture method, especially a kind of for controlling the hydraulic fracture method on outstanding top, coal-face termination under coal mine.
Background technology
Coal-body Structure transformation is to solve the core general character problem in science that the technical barriers such as tight roof, impulsion pressure, hypotonicity coal bed gas extraction, coal and Gas Outburst in colliery, the coal reduction of hard top relate to.By hydraulic fracture, transform roof rock mass structure, reach the timely inbreak of controlling face roof, become one of key technology solving coal mining CONTROL OF STRATA MOVEMENT.
In process of coal mining, because top board is hard, although most of top board at middle part, goaf can be caving in time, in coal-face termination,, easily there is termination Xuan Ding in the support due to stope drift active workings coal column side lane side.Termination is outstanding is the outstanding top of the narrow major plate form along tunnel trend at most, and area of suspension roof is generally greater than tens square metres.From pressure-controlled angle termination, ore deposit, outstanding top generally can not impact destruction to work plane, but when outstanding rostellum is so caving, the toxic and harmful in goaf can be extruded suddenly to goaf, clamp-ons coal-face, causes work plane safety problem; Especially for highly gassy mine, the gas in goaf is clamp-oned suddenly coal-face, causes face gas to transfinite, and affects work plane safety, High-efficient Production.Meanwhile, the outstanding rostellum in termination is disrumpent feelings being caving so, and the collision between inbreak sillar may produce spark, has the potential safety hazard of induction goaf inner accumulated gas explosion.The goaf pernicious gas of coal-face mostly is CO and CH
4, secondary disaster and construction, complex management are easily caused in the outstanding top that explosive blasting is controlled termination.Hydraulic fracture is controlled coal-face termination Xuan Ding becomes one of technology of safe and feasible.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem: the present invention seeks to the application problem that exists in hydraulic fracture technology, a kind of simple, safety is provided, has controlled Xuan Ding small-bore, coal-face termination hydraulic fracture method efficiently.
Technical scheme: Xuan Ding small-bore, coal-face of the present invention termination hydraulic fracture method, comprises the following steps:
A. by coal-face mining height and the broken swollen parameter identification drilling depth H of top board, then, in the boring that the degree of depth is H of coal-face termination construction, carry out hydraulic fracture, obtain fracture propagation distance, strong and weak in conjunction with roadway support, determine the spacing L that fracturing is holed;
B. use anchor cable rig, according to drilling depth H, spacing of wells L, in stope drift active workings, to a row or multi-row aperture of top board construction, be
small-bore boring, a row hole drilling of construction or the boring of the first row in many row hole drillings aperture position are apart from the 0～500mm of stope drift active workings coal column side lane side;
C. from apart from the nearest boring of coal-face, the set depth that adopts small-bore high pressure sealing mounting pipe that small-bore hole packer is delivered to small-bore boring carries out sealing of hole, then at small-bore high pressure sealing mounting pipe exposed junction, connect the fracturing device being formed by fracturing pipeline, pressure meter, stop valve and high-pressure pump, successively small-bore boring is carried out to hydraulic fracture;
D. open high-pressure pump and stop valve and successively small-bore boring is carried out to hydraulic fracture, when pressure meter shows that water pressure is less than 1MPa, hydraulic fracture is complete, closes high-pressure pump and stop valve.
Described spacing of wells L is the fracture propagation distance of 1～2 times.
Described many rows small-bore boring is 1-3 row, and the distance between array pitch is the fracture propagation distance of 0.5～1.5 times.
The drilling depth H of described small-bore boring is the coal-face mining height of 2～4 times.
Consistent or the depth length of the drilling depth H of the small-bore boring of described a row or multi-row boring is alternately arranged.
Beneficial effect: the present invention is according to the support system of coal-face termination top board and resistance to overturning feature, fracture propagation rule in conjunction with hydraulic fracture, determine and adopt the control thinking of mainly cutting off roof bolting body whole mechanical property in top board+reduction termination, termination along tunnel side, form the method for designing that hydraulic fracture boring is arranged.Development and design a complete set of equipment, particularly small-bore high pressure sealing mounting pipe and the small-bore hole packer of small-bore based on anchor cable rig boring hydraulic fracture.For hole depth, over the fracturing hole of 4m, can adopt the uniformity of deep hole falling-back type fracturing technology ensuring fracture propagation.Should the small-bore hydraulic fracture method based on anchor cable rig also can between work plane frame, in roof of head face, construct, for controlling the outstanding top in goaf, work plane middle part.The present invention adopts the anchor cable rig a row or multi-row small-bore boring of constructing in coal-face stope drift active workings, by determining rational bore position, drilling depth and corresponding hydraulic fracture parameter, by anchor cable rig construction drill, with high-pressure pump, top board is carried out to high-pressure hydraulic fracturing, transformation top board structure also weakens strength of roof, control the timely inbreak of coal-face termination top board, guaranteed the safety in production of coal-face.Its method is simple and convenient, workload is little.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is embodiments of the invention one structural representations;
Fig. 2 is embodiments of the invention two structural representations;
Fig. 3 is the small-bore high pressure sealing mounting pipe structural representation in the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the small-bore hole packer structural representation in the present invention.
In figure: 1-stope drift active workings, 2-top board, the boring of 3-small-bore, 4-small-bore hole packer, 5-small-bore high pressure sealing mounting pipe, 6-pressure meter, 7-stop valve, 8-fracturing pipeline, 9-high-pressure pump, 10-coal-face, 4-1-hole packer external screw joint, 4-2-one way valve, 5-1-external screw joint, 5-2-internal thread interface.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, embodiments of the invention are further described:
Xuan Ding small-bore, coal-face of the present invention termination hydraulic fracture control method, first by coal-face mining height and the broken swollen parameter identification drilling depth of top board; By pre-stage test, obtain fracture propagation distance, in conjunction with roadway support form, determine spacing of wells L, array pitch; Use anchor cable rig in stope drift active workings 1 to the top board 2 a row or multi-row aperture of constructing on request, to be
small-bore boring 3, the first row small-bore boring aperture position of constructing in a row or multi-row is apart from the 0～500mm of stope drift active workings coal column side lane side; Described spacing of wells L is the fracture propagation distance of 1～2 times; Described many rows small-bore boring 3 is 1-3 row, and the distance between array pitch is the fracture propagation distance of 0.5～1.5 times; The drilling depth H of described small-bore boring 3 is the coal-face mining height of 2～4 times.Consistent or the depth length of the drilling depth H of the small-bore boring 3 of a row or multi-row boring is alternately arranged, constructs to designated depth; By small-bore high pressure sealing mounting pipe 5, small-bore hole packer 4 is delivered to designated depth sealing of hole, the small-bore hole packer 4 that small-bore high pressure sealing mounting pipe 5 is connected is the hole packer of high pressure resistant 70MPa, aperture
be threaded connection with high pressure sealing mounting pipe and be connected.Small-bore high pressure sealing mounting pipe 5 is connected with fracturing pipeline 8, and fracturing pipeline 8 is connected with high-pressure pump 9, and pressure meter 6 and stop valve 7 are equipped with in place, aperture; Open 7 pairs of boring hydraulic fractures of high-pressure pump 9 and stop valve, when pressure meter 6 pressure are less than 1MPa, close high-pressure pump 9 and stop valve 7, this boring fracturing is complete; If surpassing 8m, drilling depth can consider to use retrusive hydraulic fracture.By small-bore high pressure sealing mounting pipe 5, small-bore hole packer 4 is installed to other boring one by one, to other hydraulic fracture one by one of holing, to all boring fracturings, whole work plane hydraulic fracture is complete.The small-bore boring of can the larger distance of first advance first constructing, but must be in lame advanced supporting section to small-bore boring hydraulic fracture.Described small-bore boring 3 can construct beyond lame advanced supporting section, 3 should be within tunnel adds strong supporting section in advance while carrying out hydraulic fracture but holed in small-bore.
Embodiment mono-: as shown in Figure 1, certain coal mine work area coal seam average thickness 2.5m, seam inclination 0～5o, immediate roof is Sandy Silt, average thickness 5.44m, old top is siltstone, average thickness 12.54m.The outstanding about 6m of top width in a goaf, one or both ends at place, return aircourse, is about 20m, adopts the timely inbreak of hydraulic fracture control end crown plate.In stope drift active workings, apart from coal column side lane side 200mm place construction one row small-bore, hole 3, bore diameter 32mm, according to mining thickness, determine that drilling depth H is 8m, the fracture propagation distance obtaining according to pre-stage test, in conjunction with alley way anchor rete cord support form, determine that spacing of wells L is 6m, drilling construction, from advance support section, is constructed 20.By small-bore high pressure sealing mounting pipe 5, small-bore hole packer 4 is delivered to designated depth sealing of hole, small-bore high pressure sealing mounting pipe 5 is connected with fracturing pipeline 8, and fracturing pipeline 8 is connected with high-pressure pump 9, and pressure meter 6 and stop valve 7 are equipped with in place, aperture.Open 7 pairs one boring hydraulic fracture of high-pressure pump 9 and stop valve, when pressure meter 6 pressure are less than 1MPa, close high-pressure pump 9 and stop valve 7, this boring fracturing is complete.By small-bore high pressure sealing mounting pipe 5, small-bore hole packer 4 is installed to other boring one by one, to other hydraulic fracture one by one of holing, to straight all boring fracturings, hydraulic fracture is complete.
Embodiment bis-: as shown in Figure 2, certain coal mine work area coal seam average thickness 2.9m, the average 6o of seam inclination, immediate roof is medium sandstone, average thickness 1.8m, old top is Sandy Silt, average thickness 30m.The outstanding about 5m of top width in a goaf, one or both ends at place, return aircourse, is about 15m, adopts the timely inbreak of hydraulic fracture control end crown plate.In stope drift active workings, apart from coal column side lane side, be respectively 200mm, 4200mm place construction two row small-bore borings 3, according to mining thickness, determine drilling depth H, drilling depth H is respectively 11m and the 6m depth is alternately arranged, the fracture propagation distance obtaining according to pre-stage test, in conjunction with alley way anchor rete cord support form, determine that spacing of wells L is 5m, drilling construction, from advance support section, is constructed 40.By small-bore high pressure sealing mounting pipe 5, small-bore hole packer 4 is delivered to designated depth sealing of hole, small-bore high pressure sealing mounting pipe 5 is connected with fracturing pipeline 8, and fracturing pipeline 8 is connected with high-pressure pump 9, and pressure meter 6 and stop valve 7 are equipped with in place, aperture.Open 7 pairs one boring hydraulic fracture of high-pressure pump 9 and stop valve, when pressure meter 6 pressure are less than 1MPa, close high-pressure pump 9 and stop valve 7, this boring fracturing is complete.By small-bore high pressure sealing mounting pipe 5, small-bore hole packer 4 is installed to other boring one by one, to other hydraulic fracture one by one of holing, to all boring fracturings, hydraulic fracture is complete.
Claims (5)
1. a coal-face termination Xuan Ding small-bore hydraulic fracture method, is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
A. by coal-face mining height and the broken swollen parameter identification drilling depth H of top board, then, in the boring that the degree of depth is H of coal-face termination construction, carry out hydraulic fracture, obtain fracture propagation distance, strong and weak in conjunction with roadway support, determine the spacing L that fracturing is holed;
B. use anchor cable rig, according to drilling depth H, spacing of wells L, in stope drift active workings (1), to top board (2) a row or multi-row aperture of constructing, be
small-bore boring (3), a row hole drilling of construction or the boring of the first row in many row hole drillings aperture position are apart from the 0～500mm of stope drift active workings (1) coal column side lane side;
C. from apart from the nearest boring of coal-face, the set depth that adopts small-bore high pressure sealing mounting pipe (5) that small-bore hole packer (4) is delivered to small-bore boring (3) carries out sealing of hole, then at small-bore high pressure sealing mounting pipe (5) exposed junction, connect the fracturing device being formed by fracturing pipeline (8), pressure meter (6), stop valve (7) and high-pressure pump (9), successively small-bore boring is carried out to hydraulic fracture;
D. open high-pressure pump (9) and stop valve (7) and successively small-bore boring (3) is carried out to hydraulic fracture, when pressure meter (6) shows that water pressure is less than 1MPa, hydraulic fracture is complete, closes high-pressure pump (9) and stop valve (7).
2. Xuan Ding small-bore, coal-face according to claim 1 termination hydraulic fracture method, is characterized in that: described spacing of wells L is the fracture propagation distance of 1～2 times.
3. Xuan Ding small-bore, coal-face according to claim 1 termination hydraulic fracture method, is characterized in that: described many row's small-bore borings (3) are 1-3 row, and the distance between array pitch is the fracture propagation distance of 0.5～1.5 times.
4. Xuan Ding small-bore, coal-face according to claim 1 termination hydraulic fracture method, is characterized in that: the drilling depth H of described small-bore boring (3) is the coal-face mining height of 2～4 times.
5. according to Xuan Ding small-bore, the coal-face termination hydraulic fracture method described in claim 1 or 4, it is characterized in that: the consistent or depth length of the drilling depth H of the small-bore of described a row or multi-row boring boring (3) is alternately arranged.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108361011A (en) * | 2018-03-08 | 2018-08-03 | 河南理工大学 | The method for controlling Affected areas by mining from underworkings orientation hydraulic fracturing |
| CN114856684A (en) * | 2022-05-24 | 2022-08-05 | 中国矿业大学 | Fracturing cooperative control method for gas extraction of longwall mining end suspended roof and goaf |
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| CN101509395A (en) * | 2009-03-16 | 2009-08-19 | 太原理工大学 | The roof caving and tunnel protecting method |
| CN102182499A (en) * | 2011-04-21 | 2011-09-14 | 中国矿业大学 | Hydrofracturing-based method and equipment for diminishing dust and eliminating outburst of coal bed |
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| CN103061732A (en) * | 2012-12-20 | 2013-04-24 | 大同煤矿集团有限责任公司 | Hydraulic fracturing method of 2-3 meter hard medium sandstone stratum of roof of coal seam |
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Patent Citations (6)
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| CN101509395A (en) * | 2009-03-16 | 2009-08-19 | 太原理工大学 | The roof caving and tunnel protecting method |
| CN102182499A (en) * | 2011-04-21 | 2011-09-14 | 中国矿业大学 | Hydrofracturing-based method and equipment for diminishing dust and eliminating outburst of coal bed |
| RU2460875C1 (en) * | 2011-05-31 | 2012-09-10 | Открытое акционерное общество "Татнефть" имени В.Д. Шашина | Carbonate formation hydraulic fracturing method |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108361011A (en) * | 2018-03-08 | 2018-08-03 | 河南理工大学 | The method for controlling Affected areas by mining from underworkings orientation hydraulic fracturing |
| CN108361011B (en) * | 2018-03-08 | 2020-06-23 | 河南理工大学 | Method for controlling mining influence range from underground roadway directional hydraulic fracturing |
| CN114856684A (en) * | 2022-05-24 | 2022-08-05 | 中国矿业大学 | Fracturing cooperative control method for gas extraction of longwall mining end suspended roof and goaf |
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