CN114959578A - 一种高铁轮辋表面处理工艺 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及高铁轮辋生产技术领域,具体为一种高铁轮辋表面处理工艺,包括:步骤A至步骤H;本发明通过Cr层和CrN层起到耐磨防腐功能,MoS2层起减磨功能,具有自润滑特性,减少了高铁轮毂的磨损,从而延长使用寿命;通过热辐射涂料将滚动摩擦与滑动摩擦过程中产生的热量通过红外线的方式向外辐射,散去热量,散热效果好;本发明具有良好的耐磨性,延长了高铁轮毂的使用寿命。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及高铁轮辋生产技术领域,具体为一种高铁轮辋表面处理工艺。
背景技术
高铁轮毂是高铁车轮中与铁轨直接接触部分,需要承载高铁的重量,而且和铁轨之间发生滚动摩擦与滑动摩擦,所以要求高铁轮毂有足够强度,并具有一定耐磨性和良好的散热效果。
然而现有的高铁轮毂大都采用铁轮毂,铁轮毂的优点是刚性好、不易变形,缺点就是耐磨性差,不易散热,导致高铁车轮需要常常维护和更换,占用大量高铁维护时间,费时费力;此外,长时间的滚动摩擦与滑动摩擦过程中铁轮毂极易发热,散热效果差会严重影响铁轮毂的使用寿命。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于针对上述的不足,提供一种具有良好的耐磨性,延长了高铁轮毂的使用寿命的高铁轮辋表面处理工艺。
为了实现上述目的,本发明采用了如下技术方案:
一种高铁轮辋表面处理工艺,
步骤A:将高铁轮辋表面除油、除锈;
步骤B:对步骤A中的高铁轮辋进行水洗,并烘干固定;
步骤C:采用微弧真空离子镀膜方法对步骤B中的高铁轮辋进行表面镀层处理,在所述高铁轮辋上镀设Cr层;
步骤D:在所述Cr层之外镀设CrN层;
步骤E:在所述CrN层之外镀设MoS2涂层;
步骤F:用静电喷枪在所述MoS2涂层之外喷涂热辐射涂料;
步骤G:将喷涂后的高铁轮毂放入面包烘炉或者流水线烘炉进行高温固化烘烤,温度设定为130-150℃,时间为20-30分钟;
步骤H:固化完成出炉后,检验高铁轮毂的耐刮伤项目和散热效果。
进一步,在步骤C、步骤D和步骤E中,所述微弧真空离子镀膜方法进行表面镀层的具体操作方法如下:
(1)使用前级泵粗抽镀膜室的真空度至10×100Pa;
(2)打开高真空阀精抽镀膜室的真空度至4×10-4Pa;
(3)开启靶电源,向镀膜室内通入氩气,沉积Cr层,Cr靶电流7~8A,频率100~200Hz,占空比5%~10%,沉积时间为1~1.5h;然后通入氮气;沉积CrN层,Cr靶电流6.5~7.5A,频率100~200Hz,占空比5%~10%,氮气流量50~100sccm,沉积时间为1.5~2h;沉积MoS2层,Cr靶电流0.2~0.3A,频率100~200Hz,占空比5%~10%,MoS2靶电流5.5~6.5A,频率300~500Hz,占空比20%~50%,沉积时间为2.5~3h;
(4)关闭靶电源,关闭气体流量计。
进一步,在步骤C中,所述Cr层的厚度为5-10μm。
进一步,步骤D中,所述CrN层的厚度为5-6μm。
进一步,在步骤E中,所述MoS2层的厚度为1-2μm。
进一步,在步骤F中,所述热辐射涂料由纳米二氧化硅和硅树脂组成。
进一步,在步骤F中,所述热辐射涂料的喷涂厚度为30-46μm。
进一步,在步骤F中,所述静电喷枪的喷涂电压值为50-80千伏,保持静电喷枪与高铁轮毂10-15厘米的距离进行喷涂。
本发明的有益效果是:
由上述技术方案可知,本发明的有益效果:通过Cr层和CrN层起到耐磨防腐功能,MoS2层起减磨功能,具有自润滑特性,减少了高铁轮毂的磨损,从而延长使用寿命;通过热辐射涂料将滚动摩擦与滑动摩擦过程中产生的热量通过红外线的方式向外辐射,散去热量,散热效果好;本发明具有良好的耐磨性,延长了高铁轮毂的使用寿命。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明具体实施方式或现有技术中的技术方案,下面将对具体实施方式或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍。在所有附图中,类似的元件或部分一般由类似的附图标记标识。附图中,各元件或部分并不一定按照实际的比例绘制。
图1为本发明的工艺步骤图;
具体实施方式
以下将结合实施例对本发明涉及的一种高铁轮辋表面处理工艺技术方案进一步详细说明。
实施例一:
包括以下步骤:
步骤A:将高铁轮辋表面除油、除锈;
步骤B:对步骤A中的高铁轮辋进行水洗,并烘干固定;
步骤C:采用微弧真空离子镀膜方法对步骤B中的高铁轮辋进行表面镀层处理,在所述高铁轮辋上镀设Cr层;
步骤D:在所述Cr层之外镀设CrN层;
步骤E:在所述CrN层之外镀设MoS2涂层;
步骤F:用静电喷枪在所述MoS2涂层之外喷涂热辐射涂料;
步骤G:将喷涂后的高铁轮毂放入面包烘炉或者流水线烘炉进行高温固化烘烤,温度设定为130-150℃,时间为20-30分钟;
步骤H:固化完成出炉后,检验高铁轮毂的耐刮伤项目和散热效果。
使用时,通过Cr层和CrN层起到耐磨防腐功能,MoS2层起减磨功能,具有自润滑特性,减少了高铁轮毂的磨损,从而延长使用寿命;通过热辐射涂料将滚动摩擦与滑动摩擦过程中产生的热量通过红外线的方式向外辐射,散去热量,散热效果好;本发明具有良好的耐磨性,延长了高铁轮毂的使用寿命。
如图1所示,在步骤C、步骤D和步骤E中,所述微弧真空离子镀膜方法进行表面镀层的具体操作方法如下:
(1)使用前级泵粗抽镀膜室的真空度至10×100Pa;
(2)打开高真空阀精抽镀膜室的真空度至4×10-4Pa;
(3)开启靶电源,向镀膜室内通入氩气,沉积Cr层,Cr靶电流7~8A,频率100~200Hz,占空比5%~10%,沉积时间为1~1.5h;然后通入氮气;沉积CrN层,Cr靶电流6.5~7.5A,频率100~200Hz,占空比5%~10%,氮气流量50~100sccm,沉积时间为1.5~2h;沉积MoS2层,Cr靶电流0.2~0.3A,频率100~200Hz,占空比5%~10%,MoS2靶电流5.5~6.5A,频率300~500Hz,占空比20%~50%,沉积时间为2.5~3h;
(4)关闭靶电源,关闭气体流量计;
本实施例中,微弧真空离子镀膜技术集中了磁控溅射、多弧离子镀的优点,克服了多弧离子镀加工温度高,表面粗糙度大的缺点;避免了磁控溅射内应力大、镀层薄、且易剥落、附着力差的缺点。微弧真空离子镀涂层镀速快,结合力好,加工温度低(150℃以下)、绕镀性能好等优点。涂层硬度较高,具有很好的耐磨性,表面光滑,走熟期短,钢领运转速度大于18000rpm,使用寿命长。
如图1所示,在步骤C中,所述Cr层的厚度为5-10μm;本实施例中,当Cr层的厚度为5-10μm时,厚度适中,还能使高铁轮毂具有良好的耐磨性和耐热性。
如图1所示,步骤D中,所述CrN层的厚度为5-6μm;本实施例中,当CrN层的厚度为5-6μm时,厚度适中,还能使高铁轮毂具有良好的耐磨性和防腐性。
如图1所示,在步骤E中,所述MoS2层的厚度为1-2μm;本实施例中,当MoS2层的厚度为1-2μm,厚度适中,MoS2属于软质自润滑涂层,即使出现不均匀磨损,也不会对高铁轮毂的运行造成阻力,且磨损掉的MoS2会转到高铁轮毂上,进一步较少了高铁轮毂的磨损,从而延长使用寿命。
如图1所示,在步骤F中,所述热辐射涂料由纳米二氧化硅和硅树脂组成;本实施例中,由纳米二氧化硅和硅树脂组成的热辐射涂料可将滚动摩擦与滑动摩擦过程中产生的热量通过红外线的方式向外辐射,散去热量,散热效果好,延长了高铁轮毂的使用寿命。
如图1所示,在步骤F中,所述热辐射涂料的喷涂厚度为30-46μm;本实施例中,当热辐射涂料的喷涂厚度为30-46μm时,厚度适中,结构合理,还具有良好的散热效果。
如图1所示,在步骤F中,所述静电喷枪的喷涂电压值为50-80千伏,保持静电喷枪与高铁轮毂10-15厘米的距离进行喷涂;本实施例中,当静电喷枪的喷涂电压值为50-80千伏,静电喷枪与高铁轮毂喷涂距离为10-15厘米时,热辐射涂料的附着效果好。
本文中所描述的具体实施例仅仅是对本发明精神作举例说明。本发明所属技术领域的技术人员可以对所描述的具体实施例做各种各样的修改或补充或采用类似的方式替代,但并不会偏离本发明的精神所定义的范围。
Claims (8)
1.一种高铁轮辋表面处理工艺,其特征在于:
步骤A:将高铁轮辋表面除油、除锈;
步骤B:对步骤A中的高铁轮辋进行水洗,并烘干固定;
步骤C:采用微弧真空离子镀膜方法对步骤B中的高铁轮辋进行表面镀层处理,在所述高铁轮辋上镀设Cr层;
步骤D:在所述Cr层之外镀设CrN层;
步骤E:在所述CrN层之外镀设MoS2涂层;
步骤F:用静电喷枪在所述MoS2涂层之外喷涂热辐射涂料;
步骤G:将喷涂后的高铁轮毂放入面包烘炉或者流水线烘炉进行高温固化烘烤,温度设定为130-150℃,时间为20-30分钟;
步骤H:固化完成出炉后,检验高铁轮毂的耐刮伤项目和散热效果。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种高铁轮辋表面处理工艺,其特征在于:在步骤C、步骤D和步骤E中,所述微弧真空离子镀膜方法进行表面镀层的具体操作方法如下:
(1)使用前级泵粗抽镀膜室的真空度至10×100Pa;
(2)打开高真空阀精抽镀膜室的真空度至4×10-4Pa;
(3)开启靶电源,向镀膜室内通入氩气,沉积Cr层,Cr靶电流7~8A,频率100~200Hz,占空比5%~10%,沉积时间为1~1.5h;然后通入氮气;沉积CrN层,Cr靶电流6.5~7.5A,频率100~200Hz,占空比5%~10%,氮气流量50~100sccm,沉积时间为1.5~2h;沉积MoS2层,Cr靶电流0.2~0.3A,频率100~200Hz,占空比5%~10%,MoS2靶电流5.5~6.5A,频率300~500Hz,占空比20%~50%,沉积时间为2.5~3h;
(4)关闭靶电源,关闭气体流量计。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种高铁轮辋表面处理工艺,其特征在于:在步骤C中,所述Cr层的厚度为5-10μm。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种高铁轮辋表面处理工艺,其特征在于:步骤D中,所述CrN层的厚度为5-6μm。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种高铁轮辋表面处理工艺,其特征在于:在步骤E中,所述MoS2层的厚度为1-2μm。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种高铁轮辋表面处理工艺,其特征在于:在步骤F中,所述热辐射涂料由纳米二氧化硅和硅树脂组成。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种高铁轮辋表面处理工艺,其特征在于:在步骤F中,所述热辐射涂料的喷涂厚度为30-46μm。
8.根据权利要求1所述的一种高铁轮辋表面处理工艺,其特征在于:在步骤F中,所述静电喷枪的喷涂电压值为50-80千伏,保持静电喷枪与高铁轮毂10-15厘米的距离进行喷涂。
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