CN114957652A - 一种光热稳定型尼龙66及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种光热稳定型尼龙66及其制备方法,其特点为,所述光热稳定型尼龙66包括以下重量份的原料:尼龙66盐100份,催化剂0.01‑1份,活化剂0.01‑5份;受阻胺稳定剂5‑15份;所述制备方法是:取100份尼龙66盐与受阻胺稳定剂及活化剂混合均匀,加入去离子水配置成50%浓度溶液,调节溶液pH值在7.2‑7.6之间,再加入催化剂,搅拌均匀后加入高压反应釜中,在反应釜恒温为200‑250℃条件下反应1.5‑2.5 h;然后调节釜内温度为260‑280℃,恒温反应1‑2 h;等反应釜冷却后取出,即制得光热稳定型尼龙66材料。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于尼龙66的制备领域,特别是涉及一种光热稳定型尼龙66及其制备方法。
背景技术
尼龙66是高级合成纤维、工程塑料的原料,被广泛应用于汽车、电子电器、机械仪器仪表等工业领域,因此尼龙66应具有良好的光热稳定性能。尼龙66的结构中有酰胺基团(-NHCO-),它的离解能较低,分子链易断裂,并且酰胺基团(-NHCO-)是生色基团,在紫外线下易引发聚合物的光降解,从而劣化了尼龙66材料性能,导致其使用寿命缩短。
尼龙66在加工使用过程中,即使在完全没有氧存在的情况下,也会发生因聚酰胺化学结构变化引起的各种老化。如末端氨基相互作用产生仲氨基和叔氨基或由于氨解、酸解和水解而引起的降解等。目前,尼龙66通常在80℃以下空气中能经受得起较长时间的热作用,但在100-140℃其耐候性以及强度普遍较差,会迅速老化,引起制品变黄、变脆和机械性能下降。因此提高尼龙66的光热稳定性问题一直为人们所关注,成为当前的研究热点。
发明内容
为解决上述问题,本发明公开了一种光热稳定型尼龙66及其制备方法,其特点是在尼龙66盐聚合过程中,将受阻胺光稳定剂分子接入到尼龙66的分子主链上,从本质上提高尼龙66材料的光热稳定性能,解决了低分子量受阻胺光稳定剂易迁移与析出的问题。
为达到上述目的,本发明的技术方案如下:
本发明的一个目的是提供一种光热稳定型尼龙66,包括以下重量份的原料:
尼龙66盐 100份;
催化剂 0.01-1份;
活化剂 0.01-5份;
受阻胺光稳定剂 5-15份。
进一步地,所述催化剂为次磷酸钠、磷酸钠、磷酸单乙基酯和磷酸铵中的一种或多种。
进一步地,所述活化剂为4,4-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯、1,6-己二异氰酸酯、六亚甲基-1,6-二异氰酸酯或甲苯二异氰酸酯的一种或多种。
进一步地,所述受阻胺光稳定剂为N,N-双(2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-哌啶基)-1,6-己二胺、亚磷酸三(1,2,2,6,6-五甲基-4-羟基哌啶)酯、苯甲酸(2,2,6,6- 四甲基-4-羟基哌啶)酯、N-烯丙基四甲基哌啶醇和双(1-辛氧基-2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-哌啶基)癸二酸酯中的一种或多种。
本发明还有一个目的是提供一种上述光热稳定型尼龙66的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)按重量份计,取100份尼龙66盐、0.01-5份活化剂、5-15份受阻胺光稳定剂混合均匀,加入去离子水配置成50%浓度的溶液,用己二酸和己二胺调节盐溶液pH值在7.2-7.6之间,再加入0.01-1份催化剂,搅拌均匀后加入高压反应釜中;
(2)用氮气完全置换出反应釜内的空气,在反应釜升温速率不超过75℃/h的条件下升温至200-250℃,恒温至200-250℃时反应1.5-2.5h;
(3)设置反应釜内温度为260-280℃,在反应釜升温的同时打开反应釜排气阀,释放反应釜内压力,使其保持常压状态,待反应釜温度升到260-280℃,保温反应1-2h;
(4)在0.5h内反应釜抽真空,待体系冷却后取出,获得光热稳定型尼龙66材料。
本发明的有益效果为:
通过本发明制备的一种光热稳定型尼龙66材料,其特点是在尼龙66盐聚合过程中,将受阻胺光稳定剂分子接入到尼龙66的分子主链上,从本质上提高尼龙66材料的光热稳定性能,解决了低分子量受阻胺光稳定剂易迁移与析出的问题。
本发明制备的光热稳定型尼龙66材料,显著的提高了尼龙66材料在高温环境下的光热稳定性及使用寿命。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施方式,进一步阐明本发明,应理解下述具体实施方式仅用于说明本发明而不用于限制本发明的范围。
实施例1
取 1000g尼龙66盐、40g受阻胺稳定剂N,N-双(2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-哌啶基)-1,6-己二胺、0.5g活化剂1,6-己二异氰酸酯混合均匀,加入去离子水配置成50%(g/mL)浓度的溶液,用己二酸和己二胺调节盐溶液 pH 值为7.2,再加入0.1g催化剂次磷酸钠,搅拌均匀后加入高压反应釜中;用氮气完全置换出反应釜内的空气,在反应釜升温速率不超过75℃/h的条件下升温至220℃,恒温至220℃时反应2h;然后设置反应釜内温度为260℃,在反应釜升温的同时打开反应釜排气阀,释放反应釜内压力,使其保持常压状态,待反应釜温度升到260℃,保温反应1.5h;在0.5h内反应釜抽真空,待体系冷却后取出,获得光热稳定型尼龙66材料,然后进行双螺杆挤出造粒。将挤出颗粒按照国标GB1043-79注塑成冲击样条、按国标GB1040-79注塑成拉伸样条。在进行1000h氙灯老化实验后,检测其力学性能,测试结果如表1所示。
实施例2
取1000g尼龙66盐、60g受阻胺稳定剂亚磷酸三(1,2,2,6,6-五甲基-4-羟基哌啶)酯、8g活化剂六亚甲基-1,6-二异氰酸酯混合均匀,加入去离子水配置成50%(g/mL)浓度的溶液,用己二酸和己二胺调节盐溶液 pH 值为7.3,再加入0.5g催化剂次磷酸钠,搅拌均匀后加入高压反应釜中;用氮气完全置换出反应釜内的空气,在反应釜升温速率不超过75℃/h的条件下升温至230℃,恒温至230℃时反应2h;然后设置反应釜内温度为270℃,在反应釜升温的同时打开反应釜排气阀,释放反应釜内压力,使其保持常压状态,待反应釜温度升到270℃,保温反应2h;在0.5h内反应釜抽真空,待体系冷却后取出,获得光热稳定型尼龙66材料,然后进行双螺杆挤出造粒。将挤出颗粒按照国标GB1043-79注塑成冲击样条、按国标GB1040-79注塑成拉伸样条。在进行1000h氙灯老化实验后,检测其力学性能,测试结果如表1所示。
实施例3
取1000g尼龙66盐、80g受阻胺稳定剂苯甲酸(2,2,6,6- 四甲基-4-羟基哌啶)酯、15g活化剂4,4-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯混合均匀,加入去离子水配置成50%(g/mL)浓度的溶液,用己二酸和己二胺调节盐溶液 pH 值为7.4,再加入0.3g催化剂磷酸钠,搅拌均匀后加入高压反应釜中;用氮气完全置换出反应釜内的空气,在反应釜升温速率不超过75℃/h的条件下升温至240℃,恒温至240℃时反应2h;然后设置反应釜内温度为275℃,在反应釜升温的同时打开反应釜排气阀,释放反应釜内压力,使其保持常压状态,待反应釜温度升到275℃,保温反应2h;在0.5h内反应釜抽真空,待体系冷却后取出,获得光热稳定型尼龙66材料,然后进行双螺杆挤出造粒。将挤出颗粒按照国标GB1043-79注塑成冲击样条、按国标GB1040-79注塑成拉伸样条。在进行1000h氙灯老化实验后,检测其力学性能,测试结果如表1所示。
实施例4
取1000g尼龙66盐、100g受阻胺稳定剂N,N-双(2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-哌啶基)-1,6-己二胺、 10g活化剂1,6-己二异氰酸酯混合均匀,加入去离子水配置成50%(g/mL)浓度的溶液,用己二酸和己二胺调节盐溶液 pH 值为7.6,再加入0.2g催化剂磷酸单乙基酯,搅拌均匀后加入高压反应釜中;用氮气完全置换出反应釜内的空气,在反应釜升温速率不超过75℃/h的条件下升温至250℃,恒温至250℃时反应1.5h;然后设置反应釜内温度为280℃,在反应釜升温的同时打开反应釜排气阀,释放反应釜内压力,使其保持常压状态,待反应釜温度升到280℃,保温反应1.5h;在0.5h内反应釜抽真空,待体系冷却后取出,获得光热稳定型尼龙66材料,然后进行双螺杆挤出造粒。将挤出颗粒按照国标GB1043-79注塑成冲击样条、按国标GB1040-79注塑成拉伸样条。在进行1000h氙灯老化实验后,检测其力学性能,测试结果如表1所示。
对比例1
取1000g尼龙66盐和2g活化剂1,6-己二异氰酸酯混合均匀,加入去离子水配置成50%(g/mL)浓度的溶液,用己二酸和己二胺调节盐溶液 pH 值为7.2,再加入 0.1g催化剂次磷酸钠,搅拌均匀后加入高压反应釜中;用氮气完全置换出反应釜内的空气,在反应釜升温速率不超过75℃/h的条件下升温至220℃,恒温至220℃时反应2h;然后设置反应釜内温度为260℃,在反应釜升温的同时打开反应釜排气阀,释放反应釜内压力,使其保持常压状态,待反应釜温度升到260℃,保温反应1.5h;在0.5h内反应釜抽真空,待体系冷却后取出,获得尼龙66材料,然后进行双螺杆挤出造粒。将挤出颗粒按照国标GB1043-79注塑成冲击样条、按国标GB1040-79注塑成拉伸样条。在进行1000h氙灯老化实验后,检测其力学性能,测试结果如表1所示。
表1老化前后力学性能测试结果
从上述数据可以看出,本发明的光热稳定型尼龙66材料,在老化前与老化后力学性能变化变小;由对比例看出本发明方法制备的尼龙66材料具有优异的光稳定性。
需要说明的是,以上内容仅仅说明了本发明的技术思想,不能以此限定本发明的保护范围,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明原理的前提下,还可以做出若干改进和润饰,这些改进和润饰均落入本发明权利要求书的保护范围之内。
Claims (5)
1.一种光热稳定型尼龙66,其特征在于,包括以下重量份的原料:
尼龙66盐 100份;
催化剂 0.01-1份;
活化剂 0.01-5份;
受阻胺光稳定剂 5-15份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种光热稳定型尼龙66,其特征在于,所述催化剂为次磷酸钠、磷酸钠、磷酸单乙基酯和磷酸铵中的一种或多种。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种光热稳定型尼龙66,其特征在于,所述活化剂为4,4-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯、1,6-己二异氰酸酯、六亚甲基-1,6-二异氰酸酯或甲苯二异氰酸酯的一种或多种。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种光热稳定型尼龙66,其特征在于,所述受阻胺光稳定剂为N,N-双(2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-哌啶基)-1,6-己二胺、亚磷酸三(1,2,2,6,6-五甲基-4-羟基哌啶)酯、苯甲酸(2,2,6,6- 四甲基-4-羟基哌啶)酯、N-烯丙基四甲基哌啶醇和双(1-辛氧基-2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-哌啶基)癸二酸酯中的一种或多种。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种光热稳定型尼龙66,其特征在于,一种光热稳定型尼龙66的制备方法包括以下步骤:
(1)按重量份计,取100份尼龙66盐、0.01-5份活化剂、5-15份受阻胺光稳定剂混合均匀,加入去离子水配置成50%浓度的溶液,用己二酸和己二胺调节盐溶液pH值在7.2-7.6之间,再加入 0.01-1份催化剂,搅拌均匀后加入高压反应釜中;
(2)用氮气完全置换出反应釜内的空气,在反应釜升温速率不超过75℃/h的条件下升温至200-250℃,恒温至200-250℃时反应1.5-2.5h;
(3)设置反应釜内温度为260-280℃,在反应釜升温的同时打开反应釜排气阀,释放反应釜内压力,使其保持常压状态,待反应釜温度升到260-280℃,保温反应1-2h;
(4)在0.5h内反应釜抽真空,待体系冷却后取出,获得光热稳定型尼龙66材料。
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