CN114953660A - 一种电磁屏蔽复合材料及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种电磁屏蔽复合材料及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN114953660A
CN114953660A CN202210613969.0A CN202210613969A CN114953660A CN 114953660 A CN114953660 A CN 114953660A CN 202210613969 A CN202210613969 A CN 202210613969A CN 114953660 A CN114953660 A CN 114953660A
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aramid fiber
polytetrafluoroethylene
copper
fiber cloth
cloth
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李建友
赵格林
谭小龙
杨凯
代福勇
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Anhui Zhongwang Keximeng Technology Co ltd
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Anhui Zhongwang Keximeng Technology Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种电磁屏蔽复合材料，涉及电磁屏蔽技术领域，解决现有的电磁屏蔽材料性能单一的技术问题；该复合材料依次由芳纶纤维布铜镀布、聚四氟乙烯微孔膜和芳纶纤维布通过热熔胶点胶复合而成，所述芳纶纤维布铜镀布是通过将铜蒸汽气相沉积在芳纶纤维布表面而形成，所述聚四氟乙烯微孔膜是通过将聚四氟乙烯树脂与助挤剂混料挤出，再通过压延、横向拉伸、纵向拉伸，经定型后制成；本发明的电磁屏蔽复合材料兼具了防水和透气性能，厚度薄，质轻，具有很好的轻便性，同时具有良好的耐穿刺性和阻燃性。

Description

一种电磁屏蔽复合材料及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及电磁屏蔽技术领域，更具体的是涉及电磁屏蔽材料技术领域。
背景技术
电磁波在促进人类进步的同时也带来了一定的负面影响，比如电磁波会干扰飞机的通讯系统、驾驶系统等，使之不能正常起飞；由于电磁波可以负责信息，又有信息泄漏的危险，为了减少或者避免上述电磁辐射造成的影响，可使用电磁屏蔽材料作为防护手段。
但是在军用领域中，如军用电磁屏蔽帐篷、军用屏蔽装备隐身衣，对电磁屏蔽的需求不只在于电磁屏蔽一个性能，更多的需要满足复杂多变的各个应用环境，如透气、防水、轻便、耐老化性等性能；而目前产品多为外篷布和导电布结合而成的电磁屏蔽材料，这种材料透气性和防水性无法兼顾，且耐穿刺功能和轻便性还有待提高。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于：为了解决上述技术问题，本发明提供一种电磁屏蔽复合材料及其制备方法。
本发明为了实现上述目的具体采用以下技术方案：
一种电磁屏蔽复合材料，依次由芳纶纤维布铜镀布、聚四氟乙烯微孔膜和芳纶纤维布通过热熔胶点胶复合而成。
作为优选，所述芳纶纤维布铜镀布为双面铜镀。
作为优选，所述的复合材料厚度为90-120μm。
作为优选，所述聚四氟乙烯微孔膜厚度为30-60μm。
一种电磁屏蔽复合材料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
S1、芳纶纤维布铜镀布的制备：
S11、预处理：将芳纶纤维布通过低温等离子表面处理设备进行处理；
S12、气相沉积：将铜蒸汽沉积在芳纶纤维布表面形成镀铜膜，制得芳纶纤维布铜镀布；
S2、聚四氟乙烯微孔膜的制备：
S21、混料：将聚四氟乙烯树脂与助挤剂按照(70：30)-(75：25)比例进行混料；
S22、挤出：将混合料预压成聚四氟乙烯预制棒材，然后将聚四氟乙烯预制棒材放入挤压模具中制成聚四氟乙烯板材；
S23、压延：通过压延机将聚四氟乙烯板材压延成1mm厚的板材，同时在压延过程中对聚四氟乙烯板材进行脱油处理；
S24、横向和纵向拉伸：将聚四氟乙烯板材依次进行横向拉伸和纵向拉伸，拉伸速度为10m/s～15m/s，温度为208-220℃；
S25、在325-340℃温度下放置5min对材料定型处理，制得聚四氟乙烯微孔膜；
S3、依次将芳纶纤维镀铜布，聚四氟乙烯微孔膜、芳纶纤维布通过热熔胶点胶复合，即得本发明所述的复合材料。
作为优选，所述步骤S11中，芳纶纤维布由直径为3-7μm原丝编织而成，厚度为25μm。
作为优选，所述步骤S12中，低温等离子表面处理时，处理速度为10-20m/s，处理功率为7-8kw。
作为优选，所述步骤S12中，镀铜膜的厚度在5-9μm。
作为优选，所述步骤S21中，混料转速为600r/min，混料时间为5min。
作为优选，所述步骤S22中，挤压压力为2MPa，挤出速度为2mm/s，环境温度控制在19℃以下。
本发明的有益效果如下：
1.本发明通过设置聚四氟乙烯微孔膜，由于聚四氟乙烯具有多孔的空间结构，从而具有优良的透气性，同时聚四氟乙烯具有很强的疏水性，造就了优良的防水性，从而使复合材料兼具了防水和透气性能。
2.相比于篷布加上导电布的结构而言，本发明的复合材料整体厚度在100μm左右，厚度更薄，质量更轻，轻便性更好。
3.本发明的复合材料内外层均使用了高性能的芳纶纤维，该纤维在军用防弹衣和防刺服上使用，使得本发明的复合材料具有很强的耐穿刺功能，十分适用于户外装备。
4.本发明使用材料均为阻燃材料，具有较强的阻燃性能。
附图说明
图1是本发明复合材料的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本发明实施例，对本发明的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。
实施例1
本实施例提供一种电磁屏蔽复合材料，依次由芳纶纤维布铜镀布、聚四氟乙烯微孔膜和芳纶纤维布通过热熔胶点胶复合而成。
其中，所述芳纶纤维布铜镀布为双面铜镀，所述的复合材料厚度为94μm，所述聚四氟乙烯微孔膜厚度为30μm。
该电磁屏蔽复合材料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
S1、芳纶纤维布铜镀布的制备
S11、预处理：将芳纶纤维布(原丝直径3-7μm之间编织而成，厚度25μm)通过低温等离子表面处理设备进行处理，处理速度为15m/s，处理功率为7kw；
S12、气相沉积：加热铜到1250-1400℃，铜蒸汽向镀件芳纶纤维布输送(真空度控制在1.3x10-2-1.3x10-1Pa范围内)，将铜蒸汽沉积在芳纶纤维布表面形成镀铜膜，制得芳纶纤维布铜镀布，镀铜膜的厚度为7μm；
S2、聚四氟乙烯微孔膜的制备
S21、混料：聚四氟乙烯树脂在19℃以下进行静置平衡24h，平衡后进行混料，将聚四氟乙烯树脂与助挤剂按照70：30比例进行混料，混料机转速为600r/min，混料时间5min；
S22、挤出：将混合料放入制坯模具中，预压成聚四氟乙烯预制棒材，预压压力为1MPa，然后将聚四氟乙烯预制棒材放入挤压模具中，挤压压力为2MPa，挤出速度为2mm/s，环境温度控制下19℃以下，挤出材料为聚四氟乙烯板材；
S23、压延：通过压延机将聚四氟乙烯板材压延成1mm厚的板材，同时在压延过程中对聚四氟乙烯板材进行脱油处理；
S24、横向和纵向拉伸：将聚四氟乙烯板材依次进行横向拉伸和纵向拉伸，拉伸速度为10m/s，温度为210℃；
S25、在330℃温度下放置5min对材料定型处理，制得聚四氟乙烯微孔膜；
S3、依次将芳纶纤维镀铜布，聚四氟乙烯微孔膜、芳纶纤维布通过热熔胶点胶复合，即得本发明所述的复合材料。
实施例2
本实施例提供一种电磁屏蔽复合材料，依次由芳纶纤维布铜镀布、聚四氟乙烯微孔膜和芳纶纤维布通过热熔胶点胶复合而成。
其中，所述芳纶纤维布铜镀布为双面铜镀，所述的复合材料厚度为104μm，所述聚四氟乙烯微孔膜厚度为40μm。
该电磁屏蔽复合材料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
S1、芳纶纤维布铜镀布的制备
S11、预处理：将芳纶纤维布(原丝直径3-7μm之间编织而成，厚度25μm)通过低温等离子表面处理设备进行处理，处理速度为10m/s，处理功率为8kw；
S12、气相沉积：加热铜到1250-1400℃，铜蒸汽向镀件芳纶纤维布输送(真空度控制在1.3x10-2-1.3x10-1Pa范围内)，将铜蒸汽沉积在芳纶纤维布表面形成镀铜膜，制得芳纶纤维布铜镀布，镀铜膜的厚度为7μm；
S2、聚四氟乙烯微孔膜的制备
S21、混料：聚四氟乙烯树脂在19℃以下进行静置平衡24h，平衡后进行混料，将聚四氟乙烯树脂与助挤剂按照72：28比例进行混料，混料机转速为600r/min，混料时间5min；
S22、挤出：将混合料放入制坯模具中，预压成聚四氟乙烯预制棒材，预压压力为1MPa，然后将聚四氟乙烯预制棒材放入挤压模具中，挤压压力为2MPa，挤出速度为2mm/s，环境温度控制下19℃以下，挤出材料为聚四氟乙烯板材；
S23、压延：通过压延机将聚四氟乙烯板材压延成1mm厚的板材，同时在压延过程中对聚四氟乙烯板材进行脱油处理；
S24、横向和纵向拉伸：将聚四氟乙烯板材依次进行横向拉伸和纵向拉伸，拉伸速度为10m/s，温度为210℃；
S25、在330℃温度下放置5min对材料定型处理，制得聚四氟乙烯微孔膜；
S3、依次将芳纶纤维镀铜布，聚四氟乙烯微孔膜、芳纶纤维布通过热熔胶点胶复合，即得本发明所述的复合材料。
实施例3
本实施例提供一种电磁屏蔽复合材料，依次由芳纶纤维布铜镀布、聚四氟乙烯微孔膜和芳纶纤维布通过热熔胶点胶复合而成。
其中，所述芳纶纤维布铜镀布为双面铜镀，所述的复合材料厚度为110μm，所述聚四氟乙烯微孔膜厚度为46μm。
该电磁屏蔽复合材料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
S1、芳纶纤维布铜镀布的制备
S11、预处理：将芳纶纤维布(原丝直径3-7μm之间编织而成，厚度25μm)通过低温等离子表面处理设备进行处理，处理速度为20m/s，处理功率为7kw；
S12、气相沉积：加热铜到1250-1400℃，铜蒸汽向镀件芳纶纤维布输送(真空度控制在1.3x10-2-1.3x10-1Pa范围内)，将铜蒸汽沉积在芳纶纤维布表面形成镀铜膜，制得芳纶纤维布铜镀布，镀铜膜的厚度为7μm；
S2、聚四氟乙烯微孔膜的制备
S21、混料：聚四氟乙烯树脂在19℃以下进行静置平衡24h，平衡后进行混料，将聚四氟乙烯树脂与助挤剂按照72：28比例进行混料，混料机转速为600r/min，混料时间5min；
S22、挤出：将混合料放入制坯模具中，预压成聚四氟乙烯预制棒材，预压压力为1MPa，然后将聚四氟乙烯预制棒材放入挤压模具中，挤压压力为2MPa，挤出速度为2mm/s，环境温度控制下19℃以下，挤出材料为聚四氟乙烯板材；
S23、压延：通过压延机将聚四氟乙烯板材压延成1mm厚的板材，同时在压延过程中对聚四氟乙烯板材进行脱油处理；
S24、横向和纵向拉伸：将聚四氟乙烯板材依次进行横向拉伸和纵向拉伸，拉伸速度为15m/s，温度为220℃；
S25、在340℃温度下放置5min对材料定型处理，制得聚四氟乙烯微孔膜；
S3、依次将芳纶纤维镀铜布，聚四氟乙烯微孔膜、芳纶纤维布通过热熔胶点胶复合，即得本发明所述的复合材料。
实施例4
本实施例提供一种电磁屏蔽复合材料，依次由芳纶纤维布铜镀布、聚四氟乙烯微孔膜和芳纶纤维布通过热熔胶点胶复合而成。
其中，所述芳纶纤维布铜镀布为双面铜镀，所述的复合材料厚度为119μm，所述聚四氟乙烯微孔膜厚度为55μm。
该电磁屏蔽复合材料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
S1、芳纶纤维布铜镀布的制备
S11、预处理：将芳纶纤维布(原丝直径3-7μm之间编织而成，厚度25μm)通过低温等离子表面处理设备进行处理，处理速度为20m/s，处理功率为7kw；
S12、气相沉积：加热铜到1250-1400℃，铜蒸汽向镀件芳纶纤维布输送(真空度控制在1.3x10-2-1.3x10-1Pa范围内)，将铜蒸汽沉积在芳纶纤维布表面形成镀铜膜，制得芳纶纤维布铜镀布，镀铜膜的厚度为7μm；
S2、聚四氟乙烯微孔膜的制备
S21、混料：聚四氟乙烯树脂在19℃以下进行静置平衡24h，平衡后进行混料，将聚四氟乙烯树脂与助挤剂按照75：25比例进行混料，混料机转速为600r/min，混料时间5min；
S22、挤出：将混合料放入制坯模具中，预压成聚四氟乙烯预制棒材，预压压力为1MPa，然后将聚四氟乙烯预制棒材放入挤压模具中，挤压压力为2MPa，挤出速度为2mm/s，环境温度控制下19℃以下，挤出材料为聚四氟乙烯板材；
S23、压延：通过压延机将聚四氟乙烯板材压延成1mm厚的板材，同时在压延过程中对聚四氟乙烯板材进行脱油处理；
S24、横向和纵向拉伸：将聚四氟乙烯板材依次进行横向拉伸和纵向拉伸，拉伸速度为15m/s，温度为220℃；
S25、在330℃温度下放置5min对材料定型处理，制得聚四氟乙烯微孔膜；
S3、依次将芳纶纤维镀铜布，聚四氟乙烯微孔膜、芳纶纤维布通过热熔胶点胶复合，即得本发明所述的复合材料。

Claims (10)

1.一种电磁屏蔽复合材料，其特征在于，依次由芳纶纤维布铜镀布、聚四氟乙烯微孔膜和芳纶纤维布通过热熔胶点胶复合而成。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种电磁屏蔽复合材料，其特征在于，所述芳纶纤维布铜镀布为双面铜镀。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种电磁屏蔽复合材料，其特征在于，所述的复合材料厚度为90-120μm。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种电磁屏蔽复合材料，其特征在于，所述聚四氟乙烯微孔膜厚度为30-60μm。
5.一种电磁屏蔽复合材料的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
S1、芳纶纤维布铜镀布的制备：
S11、预处理：将芳纶纤维布通过低温等离子表面处理设备进行处理；
S12、气相沉积：将铜蒸汽沉积在芳纶纤维布表面形成镀铜膜，制得芳纶纤维布铜镀布；
S2、聚四氟乙烯微孔膜的制备：
S21、混料：将聚四氟乙烯树脂与助挤剂按照(70：30)-(75：25)比例进行混料；
S22、挤出：将混合料预压成聚四氟乙烯预制棒材，然后将聚四氟乙烯预制棒材放入挤压模具中制成聚四氟乙烯板材；
S23、压延：通过压延机将聚四氟乙烯板材压延成1mm厚的板材，同时在压延过程中对聚四氟乙烯板材进行脱油处理；
S24、横向和纵向拉伸：将聚四氟乙烯板材依次进行横向拉伸和纵向拉伸，拉伸速度为10m/s～15m/s，温度为208-220℃；
S25、在325-340℃温度下放置5min对材料定型处理，制得聚四氟乙烯微孔膜；
S3、依次将芳纶纤维镀铜布，聚四氟乙烯微孔膜、芳纶纤维布通过热熔胶点胶复合，即得本发明所述的复合材料。
6.根据权利要求5所述的一种电磁屏蔽复合材料的制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤S11中，芳纶纤维布由直径为3-7μm原丝编织而成，厚度为25μm。
7.根据权利要求5所述的一种电磁屏蔽复合材料的制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤S12中，低温等离子表面处理时，处理速度为10-20m/s，处理功率为7-8kw。
8.根据权利要求5所述的一种电磁屏蔽复合材料的制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤S12中，镀铜膜的厚度在5-9μm。
9.根据权利要求5所述的一种电磁屏蔽复合材料的制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤S21中，混料转速为600r/min，混料时间为5min。
10.根据权利要求5所述的一种电磁屏蔽复合材料的制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤S22中，挤压压力为2MPa，挤出速度为2mm/s，环境温度控制在19℃以下。
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4302496A (en) * 1980-10-21 1981-11-24 Albany International Corp. Composite waterproof and flame resistant fabrics
JP2000273762A (ja) * 1999-03-26 2000-10-03 Teijin Ltd 電磁波シールド材料用基布及びそれを用いた電磁波シールド材料
JP2003152389A (ja) * 2001-11-12 2003-05-23 Du Pont Toray Co Ltd 電磁波遮蔽材
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