CN114951782A - Milling cutter for processing composite material - Google Patents

Milling cutter for processing composite material Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114951782A
CN114951782A CN202210775432.4A CN202210775432A CN114951782A CN 114951782 A CN114951782 A CN 114951782A CN 202210775432 A CN202210775432 A CN 202210775432A CN 114951782 A CN114951782 A CN 114951782A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
milling cutter
spiral
composite material
opposite
helical
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN202210775432.4A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
董志豪
王亚锋
张习龙
孙永
陈郑
李金果
王浩
董化攀
贾旭钢
张俊青
岳鹏
杨海
田川川
张冰冰
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
SF Diamond Co Ltd
Original Assignee
SF Diamond Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by SF Diamond Co Ltd filed Critical SF Diamond Co Ltd
Priority to CN202210775432.4A priority Critical patent/CN114951782A/en
Publication of CN114951782A publication Critical patent/CN114951782A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23CMILLING
    • B23C5/00Milling-cutters
    • B23C5/02Milling-cutters characterised by the shape of the cutter
    • B23C5/10Shank-type cutters, i.e. with an integral shaft
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23CMILLING
    • B23C2210/00Details of milling cutters
    • B23C2210/04Angles
    • B23C2210/0485Helix angles
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23CMILLING
    • B23C2210/00Details of milling cutters
    • B23C2210/40Flutes, i.e. chip conveying grooves
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23CMILLING
    • B23C2226/00Materials of tools or workpieces not comprising a metal
    • B23C2226/27Composites, e.g. fibre reinforced composites
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23CMILLING
    • B23C2226/00Materials of tools or workpieces not comprising a metal
    • B23C2226/31Diamond
    • B23C2226/315Diamond polycrystalline [PCD]

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of cutting tools, in particular to a milling cutter for processing composite materials. The milling cutter for processing the composite material comprises a milling cutter main body, wherein spiral blades are arranged on the milling cutter main body and are arranged along the rotation direction of the milling cutter main body, and the rotation directions of at least two spiral blades are opposite in each spiral blade. According to the milling cutter for processing the composite material, the axial cutting component force directions of the spiral blades which are oppositely rotated on the milling cutter body are opposite to each other, the phenomenon that the unidirectional axial cutting component force of the spiral milling cutter to the composite material in the prior art is avoided, debonding fibers can be better cut through the axial cutting component force in the opposite direction, so that the burr defect is reduced, the burr can be better cut under the staggered cutting, the length of the burr is reduced, the situation that the burr is broken forcibly due to overlong to generate the tearing defect is further reduced, and the workpiece can obtain better surface quality.

Description

Milling cutter for processing composite material
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of cutting tools, in particular to a milling cutter for processing composite materials.
Background
Composite materials generally have excellent properties such as high specific strength and large specific modulus, for example, Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastics (CFRP), and the application fields thereof are very wide. And the carbon fiber composite material has stronger toughness, so the cutting processing of the carbon fiber composite material is also stricter.
In the prior art, carbon fiber composite materials are generally processed by a straight tooth milling cutter and a spiral milling cutter. Because the cutting edge part of the straight-tooth milling cutter is a straight line, when the straight-tooth milling cutter cuts in or cuts out, the spiral blade is in line contact with a workpiece, the cutting instant impedance is higher, and the machining efficiency is lower, the cutting edge is easy to wear and passivate, and the wear resistance is poorer.
The spiral milling cutter generally adopts a PCD spiral milling cutter disclosed in the patent of the invention of China with the publication number of CN214557694U, and comprises a milling cutter body (namely, the alloy substrate mentioned in the patent literature) and a spiral blade (namely, the PCD blade mentioned in the patent literature). When the spiral blade cuts into the workpiece, the spiral blade is in point contact with the workpiece, the cutting length of the spiral blade is gradually increased from zero along with the cutting, and the cutting length is gradually reduced during cutting, so that the range of the cutting front angle is increased, the cutting edge is sharper, the cutting efficiency is improved, the resistance received in the whole cutting process is smaller, and the abrasion of the spiral blade is reduced.
Although the spiral milling cutter can solve the problems of high impedance and easy wear and passivation of a straight-tooth milling cutter and a workpiece, the spiral milling cutter in the prior art is usually a one-way milling cutter, namely all spiral blades are right-handed or left-handed, and because the cutting force of the spiral blades on the carbon fiber composite material has a certain included angle with the vertical direction, the cutting force has an axial cutting component force along the axis of a milling cutter body, and the axial cutting component force directions of all the same-direction spiral blades on the carbon fiber composite material are consistent. However, because the carbon fiber composite material tissue is layered and has the characteristics of non-uniformity and anisotropy, the fibers on the outermost layer are lack of external restraint under the extrusion of cutting force during side milling by a milling cutter, debonding and layering are easy to occur, and if the fibers after debonding are not cut off by the milling cutter in time, the fibers can remain on the edge of the surface layer of the workpiece to form burr defects; and the excessively long burr is rolled into the cutting area of the cutter, so that the burr is forcibly broken to form a tearing defect. For the spiral milling cutter with the same upward axial cutting component force, the carbon fiber composite material is easy to generate layering, tearing and burrs on the upper surface layer, and for the spiral milling cutter with the same downward axial cutting component force, the carbon fiber composite material is easy to generate layering, tearing and burrs on the lower surface layer, so that the surface quality of the carbon fiber composite material is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a milling cutter for processing a composite material, which aims to solve the technical problem that the spiral milling cutter in the prior art is easy to generate layering, tearing and burrs on the surface layer of the composite material so as to reduce the surface quality of a workpiece.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the milling cutter for processing the composite material is as follows:
the milling cutter for processing the composite material comprises a milling cutter main body, wherein spiral blades are arranged on the milling cutter main body and are arranged along the rotation direction of the milling cutter main body, and the rotation directions of at least two spiral blades are opposite in each spiral blade.
The beneficial effects are that: according to the milling cutter for processing the composite material, the spiral blades in opposite directions on the milling cutter body have opposite axial cutting component forces on the composite material, so that the unidirectional axial cutting component force of the spiral milling cutter on the composite material in the prior art is avoided. When one of the two spiral blades with opposite rotating directions is upward in axial cutting component force of the composite material, the upper surface layer of the composite material is not externally supported, the upper surface layer is easy to form debonding layering under the upward axial cutting component force to generate debonding fibers, the other spiral blade is downward in axial cutting component force of the composite material, the debonding fibers can be better cut through the axial cutting component force in opposite directions, so that burr defects are reduced, burrs can be better cut under the staggered cutting to reduce the length of the burrs, the situation that the burrs are too long and are forcibly pulled to be broken to generate tearing defects is further reduced, and a workpiece can obtain better surface quality.
In a further improvement, in each spiral blade, the rotation directions of at least two adjacent spiral blades are opposite.
The beneficial effects are that: design like this, produce the burr under the cutting of one of them spiral sword in two adjacent spiral sword that revolve to opposite, adjacent spiral sword can be very fast staggered cutting and excise the burr, avoids the burr that has produced to elongate under syntropy spiral sword cutting and reduce composite surface quality.
In a further improvement, the number of the spiral blades is even, and the rotating directions of any two adjacent spiral blades are opposite.
The beneficial effects are that: by the design, the adjacent spiral blade combination with opposite rotation directions is increased, so that the times of staggered cutting on the surface of the workpiece are increased, and the surface quality of the workpiece is further improved. And the axial cutting component force direction of any adjacent spiral blade to the composite material is opposite, so that part of stress can be counteracted, the vibration of the milling cutter is reduced, and the processing stability is improved.
In a further improvement, the helix angles of the helical edges with opposite rotation directions are the same.
The beneficial effects are that: by the design, the spiral blades with opposite rotating directions have the same axial cutting component force and opposite directions on the composite material, so that the spiral blades can be offset, the phenomenon that the spiral blades shake due to axial acting force is avoided, and the processing stability is improved.
The milling cutter is further improved, a chip groove located in the front of the spiral blade along the rotation direction of the milling cutter body is arranged on the milling cutter body, the chip groove is a spiral groove, and the rotation direction of the chip groove is the same as the rotation direction of the corresponding spiral blade.
The beneficial effects are that: by the design, chip removal generated by cutting of the spiral blade can be discharged through the corresponding chip removal grooves in the same rotation direction, and chip removal efficiency is improved.
In a further development, the pitch of the flutes is the same as the pitch of the respective helical edges.
The beneficial effects are that: by the design, the chip removal groove is the same as the spiral structure of the spiral blade, and the chip removal capacity is further improved.
The spiral blade is arranged in the mounting groove, and the part of the blade higher than the mounting groove forms the spiral blade.
The beneficial effects are that: by the design, the blades made of different materials can be adapted according to the machining requirements of the actual milling cutter, and the application range of the milling cutter is enlarged.
In a further improvement, the blade is a polycrystalline diamond blade.
The beneficial effects are that: the polycrystalline diamond has high hardness and high compressive strength, and can obtain higher processing precision and processing efficiency in high-speed cutting.
Further improved, the polycrystalline diamond blade is formed by sintering polycrystalline diamond micropowder in the mounting groove.
The beneficial effects are that: compare in prior art with the welding of fashioned polycrystalline diamond blade in the mounting groove, design like this, polycrystalline diamond blade and milling cutter main part are processing as an organic whole, and polycrystalline diamond blade is high with milling cutter main part's joint strength, avoids polycrystalline diamond blade to drop and reduces the cutting performance that is used for processing combined material's milling cutter.
Further improve, the mounting groove is the arc wall.
The beneficial effects are that: design like this, the area of contact of increase mounting groove and polycrystalline diamond miropowder further increases the joint strength of polycrystalline diamond blade and milling cutter main part.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a milling cutter for machining composite materials according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a side view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the left-handed helical blade of FIG. 1 after side milling has been completed;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the right-handed helical cutting edge of FIG. 1 beginning side milling;
FIG. 5 is a force analysis diagram of the milling cutter of FIG. 1 during side milling;
fig. 6 is an axial force analysis diagram of the milling cutter of fig. 5 when the helical blades are circumferentially spread.
In the figure: 11. a milling cutter body; 12. a left-handed flute; 13. a left-handed helical blade; 14. a right-handed chip groove; 15. a right-handed helical blade; 16. mounting grooves; 17. a helical blade; 18. a chip groove; 19. a carbon fiber composite material.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the preferred embodiment of the invention, are intended for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It is noted that relational terms such as "first" and "second," and the like, which may be present, may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, terms such as "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, which may be present, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, elements recited by the phrases "comprising an … …," or the like, do not exclude the presence of such elements, processes, or methods.
In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" when they are used are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, or may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art from specific situations.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly stated or limited otherwise, the term "provided" may be used in a broad sense, for example, the object of "provided" may be a part of the body, or may be arranged separately from the body and connected to the body, and the connection may be a detachable connection or a non-detachable connection. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art from specific situations.
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples.
Example 1 of the milling cutter for machining composite materials of the present invention:
the milling cutter for processing the composite material (hereinafter referred to as milling cutter) is used for side milling the carbon fiber composite material 19. As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the milling cutter includes a milling cutter body 11, four mounting grooves 16 arranged along a rotation direction of the milling cutter body 11 are provided on the milling cutter body 11, a spiral polycrystalline diamond blade is provided in each mounting groove 16, and a portion of the polycrystalline diamond blade higher than the mounting groove 16 forms a spiral edge 17. In this embodiment, polycrystalline diamond blade adopts polycrystalline diamond miropowder sintering shaping in mounting groove 16, and mounting groove 16 is the arc wall to increase polycrystalline diamond miropowder and milling cutter main part 11's area of contact, improve polycrystalline diamond blade and milling cutter main part 11's joint strength.
As shown in fig. 1, the turning directions of the polycrystalline diamond blades in any two adjacent mounting grooves 16 of the four spiral blades 17 are opposite, and the spiral angles of two adjacent polycrystalline diamond blades with opposite turning directions are the same, so that the turning directions of any two adjacent spiral blades 17 are opposite and the spiral angles are the same, and the four spiral blades 17 can be divided into a left-handed spiral blade 13 and a right-handed spiral blade 15 according to the turning directions. As shown in fig. 3 to 6, the spiral blades 17 denoted by 1 and 3 have the same direction of rotation, the spiral blades 17 denoted by 2 and 4 have the same direction of rotation, and F 1 And F 2 The cutting force of the left-handed spiral blade 13 and the right-handed spiral blade 15 to the composite material, FZ 1 、FZ 2 、FZ 3 、FZ 4 The four spiral blades 17 respectively have opposite directions to the axial cutting component of the composite material, and the adjacent spiral blades 17 with opposite turning directions have opposite directions to the axial cutting component of the composite material.
The milling cutter body 11 is provided with four chip grooves 18 arranged along the rotation direction of the milling cutter body, the chip grooves 18 correspond to the spiral blades 17 one by one and are positioned at the front ends of the corresponding spiral blades 17 in the rotation direction of the milling cutter body 11, and the front blade surfaces of the spiral blades 17 face the corresponding chip grooves 18, so that chips generated by cutting of the spiral blades 17 can be discharged from the chip grooves 18. The cutting surface of the chip removing groove 18 at the front end face of the milling cutter body 11 is a 90-degree spiral groove, the rotation direction and the screw pitch of the chip removing groove 18 are the same as those of the corresponding spiral blade 17, namely, the chip removing groove 18 corresponding to the left-handed spiral blade 13 is a left-handed chip removing groove 12, and the chip removing groove 18 corresponding to the right-handed spiral blade 15 is a right-handed chip removing groove 14, so that the chip removing efficiency and the cutting efficiency of the milling cutter are improved.
According to the milling cutter for processing the composite material, the spiral blades 17 on the milling cutter body 11 in opposite directions have opposite axial cutting component directions on the composite material, so that the unidirectional axial cutting component force of the spiral milling cutter on the composite material in the prior art is avoided. When one of the two spiral blades 17 with opposite rotating directions has upward axial cutting component force on the composite material, the upper surface layer of the composite material is not externally supported, the upper surface layer is easy to form debonding layering under the upward axial cutting component force to generate debonding fibers, the other spiral blade 17 has downward axial cutting component force on the composite material, the debonding fibers can be better cut through the axial cutting component force with opposite directions, and burr defects are reduced.
Example 2 of the milling cutter for machining composite materials of the present invention:
this example differs from example 1 in that: in embodiment 1, the directions of rotation of any adjacent two of the four spiral blades 17 are opposite. In this embodiment, two adjacent spiral blades 17 among the four spiral blades 17 have the same direction of rotation as the other two adjacent spiral blades 17. In other embodiments, the directions of rotation of two adjacent helical blades 17 of the four helical blades 17 may be left-handed, and the directions of rotation of the other two adjacent helical blades 17 may be right-handed.
Example 3 of the milling cutter for machining composite materials of the present invention:
this example differs from example 1 in that: in embodiment 1, the number of the spiral blades 17 is even, and the spiral directions of any two adjacent spiral blades 17 are opposite. In this embodiment, the number of the spiral blades 17 is odd, and the spiral directions of two adjacent spiral blades 17 are the same. In other embodiments, one of the two adjacent spiral edges 17 may be a spiral edge 17 and the other may be a straight edge.
Example 4 of the milling cutter for machining composite materials of the present invention:
the present example differs from example 1 in that: in embodiment 1, the spiral angles of the spiral blades 17 having opposite spiral directions are the same. In this embodiment, the helical angles of the helical blades 17 of the same set, which are opposite in the direction of rotation, are the same, and the helical angles of the helical blades of different sets, which are opposite in the direction of rotation, are different. The same group refers to two adjacent spiral blades with opposite rotation directions or two adjacent spiral blades with opposite rotation directions when no adjacent spiral blade with opposite rotation directions exists.
Finally, although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the embodiments described in the foregoing embodiments without departing from the inventive concept, or some of the technical features may be replaced with equivalents. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The milling cutter for processing the composite material comprises a milling cutter body (11), wherein spiral blades (17) are arranged on the milling cutter body (11), and the spiral blades (17) are arranged along the rotation direction of the milling cutter body (11), and is characterized in that the rotation directions of at least two spiral blades (17) in each spiral blade (17) are opposite.
2. The milling cutter tool for machining composite materials according to claim 1, wherein in each helical edge (17), the directions of rotation of at least two adjacent helical edges (17) are opposite.
3. The milling cutter for machining composite materials according to claim 2, wherein the number of the helical edges (17) is even, and the rotation directions of any two adjacent helical edges (17) are opposite.
4. Milling cutter tool for machining composite materials according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, characterized in that the helix angles of the helical edges (17) with opposite hand are identical.
5. The milling cutter for machining composite materials according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the milling cutter body (11) is provided with chip flutes (18) located in front of the helical edges (17) in the direction of rotation of the milling cutter body (11), the chip flutes (18) being helical flutes, the direction of rotation of the chip flutes (18) being the same as the direction of rotation of the respective helical edges (17).
6. The milling cutter for machining composite materials according to claim 5, characterized in that the pitch of the flutes (18) is the same as the pitch of the respective helical edge (17).
7. The milling cutter for machining composite materials according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein a helical mounting groove (16) is provided on a wall of the chip flute (18), a helical blade is provided in the mounting groove (16), and a portion of the blade higher than the mounting groove (16) forms the helical edge (17).
8. The milling cutter for machining composite materials as claimed in claim 7, wherein the insert is a polycrystalline diamond insert.
9. The milling cutter for machining composite materials according to claim 8, wherein the polycrystalline diamond blade is formed by sintering polycrystalline diamond micropowder in the mounting groove (16).
10. The milling cutter for machining composite materials according to claim 9, characterized in that the mounting groove (16) is an arc-shaped groove.
CN202210775432.4A 2022-07-01 2022-07-01 Milling cutter for processing composite material Pending CN114951782A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202210775432.4A CN114951782A (en) 2022-07-01 2022-07-01 Milling cutter for processing composite material

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202210775432.4A CN114951782A (en) 2022-07-01 2022-07-01 Milling cutter for processing composite material

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CN114951782A true CN114951782A (en) 2022-08-30

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115609053A (en) * 2022-09-30 2023-01-17 成都飞机工业(集团)有限责任公司 Processing method of fiber layering composite part

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104959666A (en) * 2015-05-13 2015-10-07 哈尔滨理工大学 Double-arc large feed ring mill cutter and preparation process and monitor method thereof
CN105834499A (en) * 2016-04-28 2016-08-10 哈尔滨理工大学 Staggered PCD milling cutter used for processing reinforced fiber polymer and method
US20190299304A1 (en) * 2017-09-11 2019-10-03 Dalian University Of Technology Special end cutting edge attached cutter for carbon fiber reinforced polymer/plastic with designable micro-tooth configuration
CN211889173U (en) * 2020-01-16 2020-11-10 苏州阿诺精密切削技术有限公司 Milling cutter for processing carbon fiber composite material

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104959666A (en) * 2015-05-13 2015-10-07 哈尔滨理工大学 Double-arc large feed ring mill cutter and preparation process and monitor method thereof
CN105834499A (en) * 2016-04-28 2016-08-10 哈尔滨理工大学 Staggered PCD milling cutter used for processing reinforced fiber polymer and method
US20190299304A1 (en) * 2017-09-11 2019-10-03 Dalian University Of Technology Special end cutting edge attached cutter for carbon fiber reinforced polymer/plastic with designable micro-tooth configuration
CN211889173U (en) * 2020-01-16 2020-11-10 苏州阿诺精密切削技术有限公司 Milling cutter for processing carbon fiber composite material

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115609053A (en) * 2022-09-30 2023-01-17 成都飞机工业(集团)有限责任公司 Processing method of fiber layering composite part
CN115609053B (en) * 2022-09-30 2024-03-15 成都飞机工业(集团)有限责任公司 Processing method of fiber-layering composite part

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