CN114946402B

CN114946402B - Chinese cabbage harvester

Info

Publication number: CN114946402B
Application number: CN202210529706.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 杨子钊; 赵美卿; 陈蔚荧; 刘瑾; 胡永飞; 李想; 赵杰
Original assignee: Shanxi Institute of Technology
Current assignee: Shanxi Institute of Technology
Priority date: 2022-05-16
Filing date: 2022-05-16
Publication date: 2023-04-14
Anticipated expiration: 2042-05-16
Also published as: CN114946402A

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and particularly relates to a Chinese cabbage harvester; the cabbage harvester is connected with the traction vehicle and inputs power by the traction vehicle, and comprises a frame, wherein the frame is loaded with a transfer case, a root cutting mechanism, a lifting conveying line, a rotten leaf removing mechanism and an automatic basket loading mechanism; the rotten leaf removing mechanism comprises two parallel cylindrical rollers for bearing the Chinese cabbage, and a convex spiral line is wound on the cylindrical surface of each cylindrical roller; the automatic basket loading mechanism comprises a storage rack, a basket conveying chain, a cabbage guide groove and a basket sliding groove, wherein one end of the basket conveying chain extends into the lower space of the storage rack, and the other end of the basket conveying chain extends to pass through the lower part of the cabbage guide groove and then is connected with an inlet of the basket sliding groove; the Chinese cabbage harvester can cut off Chinese cabbage plants, peel damaged leaves, automatically pack baskets and automatically continue baskets, has small manpower input and high harvesting efficiency, is matched with a tractor, and accords with the use habit of farmers in China.

Description

Chinese cabbage harvester

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and particularly relates to a Chinese cabbage harvester.

Background

The Chinese cabbage is rich in nutrition and has certain dietetic therapy value. Harvesting of the Chinese cabbages at the present stage is mainly completed manually, workers need to cut off the roots of the Chinese cabbages from the side by using a knife, then the fallen Chinese cabbages are picked up and transported to the ground, the labor intensity is high, the working efficiency is low, harvesting of the Chinese cabbages belongs to a labor-intensive type work, particularly for the aging countries, due to the fact that labor force is aged, the labor force is increasingly scarce, the labor force is high in cost and not easy to obtain, the proportion of the manual harvesting cost in the whole production cost of the Chinese cabbages is up to 33% -50%, and the mechanized harvesting of the Chinese cabbages is urgent to achieve, so that how to provide the Chinese cabbage harvester with the advantages of labor intensity reduction and high harvesting efficiency is a technical problem to be urgently solved by technical personnel in the field.

In the prior art, publication No. CN206260307U discloses a self-propelled chinese cabbage harvester with adjustable clamping width, which comprises a cross beam frame, a hydraulic device, a guiding device, a cutting device, an inclined conveying device and a horizontal conveying device. The bearing beam is a bearing frame and is used for supporting and fixing other devices; the clamping device is used for clamping and fixing the Chinese cabbages to prevent the Chinese cabbages from deviating; the cutting device is used for cutting the root of the Chinese cabbage; the guide device is used for guiding the whole machine and gathering the leaf vegetables; the inclined conveying device is used for conveying the Chinese cabbages with cut roots; the horizontal conveying device is used for conveying the harvested Chinese cabbages to a vegetable basket. The Chinese cabbage harvester directly boxes the Chinese cabbage harvested in the field, leaves scattered and damaged on the outer layer of the Chinese cabbage are remained on the main body of the Chinese cabbage, and the inedible leaves virtually increase the transportation cost. And in the packing process, a specially-assigned person is required to send the boxes, so that the labor investment is large.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the technical problems solved by the present invention are: how to provide a cabbage harvester that can reduce intensity of labour, results efficiently, its technical scheme who adopts as follows: .

A Chinese cabbage harvester is connected with a traction vehicle and is input with power by the traction vehicle, the Chinese cabbage harvester comprises a frame, a transfer case, a root cutting mechanism, a lifting conveying line, a rotten leaf removing mechanism and an automatic basket loading mechanism are loaded on the frame, and the power input by the traction vehicle is distributed to the root cutting mechanism, the lifting conveying line, the rotten leaf removing mechanism and the automatic basket loading mechanism through the transfer case;

the root cutting mechanism cuts off the Chinese cabbage plants and then conveys the Chinese cabbage plants to the rotten leaf removing mechanism through a lifting conveying line; the rotten leaf removing mechanism comprises two parallel cylindrical rollers for supporting the Chinese cabbages, a convex spiral line is wound on the cylindrical surfaces of the cylindrical rollers, the thread pitches of the spiral line are uniform and are matched with the length of a single Chinese cabbage, the two cylindrical rollers rotate in opposite directions, and the spiral direction of the spiral line is opposite to the direction of rotation of the cylindrical rollers; the spiral lines on the two cylindrical rollers are used for pushing the Chinese cabbage, and a gap between the cylindrical rollers is used for tearing rotten leaves of the Chinese cabbage;

the automatic basket loading mechanism comprises a storage frame, a basket conveying chain, a cabbage guide groove and a basket sliding groove, wherein the upper space of the storage frame is used for storing baskets which are nested one by one, one end of the basket conveying chain extends into the lower space of the storage frame, the other end of the basket conveying chain extends to the position below the cabbage guide groove and then is connected with an inlet of the basket sliding groove, the baskets are supported by the basket placing mechanism and are released onto the basket conveying chain one by one through the basket placing mechanism, the cabbage guide groove is in a slope shape, a slope top inlet is positioned below an outlet of the rotten leaf removing mechanism, a slope bottom outlet is higher than the baskets in the basket conveying chain, the basket sliding groove smoothly extends towards the ground, a rear basket released by the basket placing mechanism after a front basket is filled with the cabbages reaches the cabbage guide groove through the basket conveying chain, and meanwhile, the basket filled with the cabbages is pushed into the basket sliding groove to slide to the ground.

Further, the root cutting mechanism comprises a guide righting frame and a disc cutter, the disc cutter is installed below the guide righting frame, the disc cutter is located in a guide groove formed in an opening of the guide righting frame and in the range of a material feeding opening of the lifting conveying line, and the guide righting frame guides the disc cutter to cut off the root of the Chinese cabbage and simultaneously feeds the Chinese cabbage into the lifting conveying line; promote the conveyer chain slant installation, promote the discharge opening of conveyer chain and extend to and go mashed leaf mechanism sky.

Further, promote the transfer chain and include the conveyer belt of two sets of vertical settings, reserve the chinese cabbage centre gripping tunnel between two sets of conveyer belts, the belt of conveyer belt is as the chinese cabbage clamping face, it is provided with a compression roller to hug closely chinese cabbage centre gripping tunnel on the conveyer belt, the interval of compression roller is less than the diameter of chinese cabbage, the distance of the compression roller of the head of a line, the row of tail to the roller of conveyer belt also is less than the diameter of chinese cabbage, the roller of the upper end of conveyer belt is initiative roller, the roller of lower extreme is driven roller, one of them gear hookup of initiative roller and transfer case.

Furthermore, the storage rack comprises four right-angle upright posts, the four right-angle upright posts are arranged at four corners of the basket frame to form a slideway for limiting the basket frame, and a plurality of nested baskets can be slidably embedded in the slideway;

the basket placing mechanism is arranged on the storage frame and comprises a group of chain type poking and conveying assemblies respectively arranged at two opposite sides of the basket, each chain type poking and conveying assembly comprises a rack and a vertically-stretched supporting chain, the supporting chains are arranged on the racks through a chain wheel, a bearing seat and a shaft, a set of auxiliary plates are arranged on the supporting chains at intervals, right-angle sheet metal parts are fixedly connected onto the auxiliary plates through bolts and nuts, and the edge of each basket is hooked on the right-angle sheet metal parts at two sides; one of them sprocket and the gear coupling of drive support chain in the subassembly is dialled to the chain, and the gear in two sets of chain are dialled and are sent the gear engagement in the subassembly and realize synchronous rotation with the epaxial gear engagement of same commentaries on classics, and this pivot is connected with one of them gear of transfer case through worm gear transmission pair.

Furthermore, the basket conveying chain comprises two groups of double-chain dragging and carrying chains, double chain wheels for driving the dragging and carrying chains are installed on the frame, a friction plate is arranged between the two double chain wheels to support the dragging and carrying chains, one double chain wheel in each group of double-chain dragging and carrying chains is used as a driving chain wheel and is connected with a gear shaft, gears in the two groups of double-chain dragging and carrying chains are meshed with a gear on the same rotating shaft to realize synchronous rotation, the rotating shaft is connected with one gear of the transfer case, guard plates are installed on the outer sides of the double-chain dragging and carrying chains, and the guard plates on the two sides are connected into a basket channel.

Furthermore, the transfer case is connected with a branch shaft through a multi-stage gear transmission pair and a chain transmission pair, the branch shaft is provided with a worm wheel and bevel gears, the worm wheel is meshed with a worm on the cylindrical roller, and the bevel gears are meshed with bevel gears on the driving roller; one gear of the multi-stage gear transmission pair is meshed with a gear on a vertical shaft, and a belt wheel on the vertical shaft drives the disc cutter through a belt.

Further, two shaft ends of the press roller are arranged on the spring support and used for clamping Chinese cabbages with different diameters.

Furthermore, the guide righting frame comprises two guide cones which are arranged in parallel, and the tips of the guide cones point to the Chinese cabbage plants.

Furthermore, the rotten leaf removing mechanism is provided with protective wings at two sides of the two cylindrical rollers.

Further, the towing vehicle is a tractor, and a tail shaft of the tractor is coupled with the input shaft of the transfer case.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:

the Chinese cabbage harvester can cut off Chinese cabbage plants, peel damaged leaves, automatically load baskets and automatically continue baskets, has low manpower input and high harvesting efficiency, is matched with a tractor, and accords with the use habit of farmers in China.

Two axle heads of the compression roller of the lifting conveying line are installed on the spring support, the distance of the compression rollers on two sides can be adjusted in a self-adaptive mode according to the diameter of the Chinese cabbage, and the Chinese cabbage is prevented from falling off from the lifting conveying line and being crushed by the large-diameter Chinese cabbage.

Go rotten leaf mechanism as promoting the bridge between transfer chain and the chinese cabbage guiding groove, two cylinder rollers pass through helix propelling movement chinese cabbage, and the rotten leaf that the chinese cabbage dispersed is drawn into the gap between two cylinder rollers simultaneously, and the rotten leaf directly takes off in the field, "the mashed spring of changing work protects the flower more".

The automatic basket loading mechanism can realize storage and automatic basket feeding, can replace labor with one to two names of farmers, reduces labor intensity, improves production efficiency and has remarkable benefit. The basket conveying problem in the fruit and vegetable mechanical harvesting operation is solved by adopting the self-locking characteristic of the worm and gear mechanism, the chain pitch in the frame is short, the auxiliary plate is tightly installed under the condition of ensuring that the operation does not interfere with each other, more than ten baskets can be placed, the manpower input is reduced as much as possible, and the harvesting operation efficiency is ensured. The sizes of the baskets and the rack can be designed according to actual conditions, the length of the chain can be changed according to the number of the baskets stored as required, and the basket rack has the characteristics of strong applicability and reliable function.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a Chinese cabbage harvester and tractor combination.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a Chinese cabbage harvester.

Figure 3 is a view of the drive chain from the transfer case to the lift conveyor line, the spoiled leaf removing mechanism, and the disc cutter.

In the figure: 1-a transfer case; 2-a root cutting mechanism; 2.1-a guide righting frame; 2.2-disc cutter; 3, lifting the conveying line; 3.1-conveyer belt; 3.2-press roll; 3.3-driving roller; 3.4-driven roller; 4-a rotten leaf removing mechanism; 4.1-cylindrical rollers; 4.2-helix; 5-storage rack; 5.1-right-angled upright; 6-basket conveying chain; 6.1-dragging and carrying chain; 6.2-double sprocket; 6.3-friction plate; 7-cabbage guiding groove; 8-basket frame chute; 9-basket frame; 10-a tractor; 10.1-tail shaft; 11-a support chain; 12-a sprocket; 13-bearing seats; 14-right angle sheet metal parts; 15-a first group of worm and gear transmission pairs; 16-a guard plate; 17-a transfer shaft; 18-vertical axis; 19-a pulley; 20-a second worm gear; 21-a second worm; 22-roller bevel gear; 23-wings.

Detailed Description

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.

The utility model provides a chinese cabbage harvester, this chinese cabbage harvester is right and the disc cutter cuts off the chinese cabbage rhizome by the direction frame of righting, and the rethread promotes the transfer chain and transports to going burnt-out leaf mechanism, tears unnecessary burnt-out leaf through the gap between the cylinder roller and the rotation of cylinder roller and drops to the slope discharge opening that goes burnt-out leaf mechanism below, drops to ground. The cabbage that is carried by the mashed leaf mechanism that goes reaches the cabbage guiding groove of machine afterbody, can make the cabbage regularly drop in the basket, and the cabbage falls into the basket by the hopper, and the basket is supported and is transported by basket conveying chain, and conveying chain keeps certain conveying speed unchangeable, guarantees that the cabbage quantity is about 8 in the basket, if appear spilling over or adorning less, is responsible for neatly arranging in order by the manual work. A steering slope slideway is arranged at the tail part of the basket conveying chain and serves as a basket sliding groove, the basket sliding groove is horizontally butted with the conveying chain, and a full basket of Chinese cabbages stably falls on the ground through the basket sliding groove. The storage rack is arranged above the head part of the conveying chain, and the baskets can be dropped at fixed time intervals for orderly conveying by the basket conveying chain.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2; the Chinese cabbage harvester is connected with the traction vehicle and inputs power by the traction vehicle, the Chinese cabbage harvester comprises a frame, the frame consists of a basic vehicle body and wheels, and the wheels are wide tires and prevent the Chinese cabbage harvester from being trapped when the Chinese cabbage harvester runs in a field. The frame is loaded with a transfer case 1, a root cutting mechanism 2, a lifting conveying line 3, a rotten leaf removing mechanism 4 and an automatic basket loading mechanism, power input by a traction vehicle is distributed to the root cutting mechanism 2, the lifting conveying line 3, the rotten leaf removing mechanism 4 and the automatic basket loading mechanism through the transfer case 1, and different gears of the transfer case 1 respectively supply input torque to the root cutting mechanism 2, the lifting conveying line 3, the rotten leaf removing mechanism 4 and the automatic basket loading mechanism. The transfer case 1 can be obtained by using the existing transfer case, the invention does not specially modify the interior of the transfer case, the traction vehicle adopts a tractor 10, and a tail shaft 10.1 of the tractor 10 is connected with an input shaft of the transfer case 1. The overall layout of the Chinese cabbage harvester is adapted to a tractor 10, a lifting conveying line 3 and a root cutting mechanism 2 are arranged on the side edge of the body of the tractor 10, and the rest parts are dragged at the tail of the tractor.

Root cutting mechanism 2 includes a direction righting frame 2.1 and disc cutter 2.2, and direction righting frame 2.1 includes two direction cones that set up side by side, and the axis of two direction cones is parallel, and the interval of direction awl and the rhizome diameter adaptation of chinese cabbage, direction awl adopt a stainless steel awl section of thick bamboo, and the material is light, stand wear and tear, corrosion-resistant, preferably with food level 304 stainless steel, the pointed end of direction awl points to the chinese cabbage plant. The outer layer of disc cutter 2.2 is the round sawtooth, disc cutter 2.2 installs and rights frame 2.1 below in the direction, disc cutter 2.2 is located the direction and rights frame 2.1 open-ended guide way in and promotes the material mouthful within range of eating of transfer chain 3, the direction is right frame 2.1 and is led the cabbage feeding when disc cutter 2.2 cuts off the cabbage root and promotes the transfer chain 3, the cabbage root is cut the cabbage by disc cutter 2.2 and is promoted 3 centre grippings of transfer chain when will the unstability promptly, promote transfer chain 3 and embrace the cabbage when disc cutter 2.2 cuts off the cabbage rhizome completely. Promote 3 slant installations of transfer chain, the discharge opening that promotes transfer chain 3 extends to and goes rotten leaf mechanism 4 sky, falls into to go rotten leaf mechanism 4 from the cabbage that breaks away from on promoting transfer chain 3.

The root cutting mechanism 2 cuts off the Chinese cabbage plants and then conveys the Chinese cabbage plants to the rotten leaf removing mechanism 4 through the lifting conveying line 3; the rotten leaf removing mechanism 4 comprises two parallel cylindrical rollers 4.1 for supporting the cabbages, a convex spiral line 4.2 is wound on the cylindrical surface of each cylindrical roller 4.1, the section of each spiral line 4.2 is semicircular, the thread pitch of each spiral line 4.2 is uniform and is matched with the length of each single cabbage, the two cylindrical rollers 4.1 rotate oppositely, and the spiral direction of each spiral line 4.2 is opposite to the direction of rotation of the cylindrical rollers 4.1; the spiral lines 4.2 on the two cylindrical rollers 4.1 are used for pushing the Chinese cabbage, and the gap between the cylindrical rollers 4.1 is used for tearing rotten leaves of the Chinese cabbage.

Two cylinder rollers 4.1 can adopt from promoting 3 mode installations that decline of transfer chain to cabbage guiding groove 7, reduce the frictional force on cabbage and the 4.1 surface of cylinder roller.

The leaf-rotting mechanism 4 is provided with wings 23 on both sides of the two cylindrical rollers 4.1.

Promote transfer chain 3 and include the conveyer belt 3.1 of two sets of vertical settings, reserve the chinese cabbage centre gripping tunnel between two sets of conveyer belts 3.1, the belt of conveyer belt 3.1 is as the chinese cabbage clamping face, and it is provided with a compression roller 3.2 to close up the chinese cabbage centre gripping tunnel on the conveyer belt 3.1, and the width in chinese cabbage centre gripping tunnel is adjustable, and two shaft ends of compression roller 3.2 are installed and are used for pressing from both sides the chinese cabbage that tightly does not use the diameter on the spring support. The distance between the press rollers 3.2 is smaller than the diameter of the Chinese cabbage, the distance between the press rollers 3.2 at the head and the tail of the train and the roller of the conveying belt is also smaller than the diameter of the Chinese cabbage, and the belt between the two press rollers 3.2 is ensured to have enough tension to clamp the Chinese cabbage. The roller at the upper end of the conveying belt 3.1 is a driving roller 3.3, the roller at the lower end is a driven roller 3.4, and the driving roller 3.3 is connected with one gear of the transfer case 1.

Automatic dress basket mechanism includes storage frame 5, basket conveying chain 6, chinese cabbage guiding groove 7, basket spout 8, and storage frame 5's upper portion space is used for storing basket 9 that overlaps in turn, and storage frame 5 includes four right angle posts 5.1, and right angle post 5.1 is the structure similar to the angle steel, and four right angle posts 5.1 arrange to enclose into the slide of restriction basket in the four corners of basket, and a edges and corners of two reentrant corner faces laminating baskets of every right angle post 5.1. A plurality of nested baskets can be slidably embedded in the slide way. One end of the basket conveying chain 6 extends into the lower space of the storage rack 5, the other end of the basket conveying chain extends to pass through the lower part of the cabbage guide groove 7 and then is connected with the inlet of the basket sliding groove 8, the basket 9 is supported by the basket placing mechanism and is released onto the basket conveying chain 6 one by one through the basket placing mechanism, the cabbage guide groove 7 is in a slope shape, the top inlet of the slope is positioned below the outlet of the rotten leaf removing mechanism 4, the bottom outlet of the slope is higher than the basket in the basket conveying chain 6, the cabbages passing through the cabbage guide groove 7 are directly put into the basket on the basket conveying chain 6, the basket sliding groove 8 smoothly extends towards the ground, the staying time of the basket conveying chain 6 is set, the former basket is filled with the later basket released by the basket placing mechanism, reaches the position of the cabbage guide groove 7 through the basket conveying chain 6, and the basket filled with the cabbages is pushed into the basket sliding groove 8 and slides to the ground. Automatic basket continuation and automatic basket unloading of the filled Chinese cabbage are realized.

The frame placing mechanism is installed on the storage frame 5 and comprises a group of chain type poking and conveying assemblies which are respectively arranged at two opposite sides of a basket, each chain type poking and conveying assembly comprises a rack and a vertically-opened supporting chain 11, the supporting chains 11 are installed on the rack through chain wheels 12, bearings, bearing seats 13 and shafts, a set of attached plates are installed on the supporting chains 11 at intervals of one pitch, right-angle sheet metal parts 14 are fixedly connected to the attached plates through bolts and nuts, and the edge of each basket is hooked on the right-angle sheet metal parts 14 at two sides; one of the chain wheels 12 of the driving supporting chain 11 in the chain type poking and feeding assembly is connected with the gear shaft, gears in the two groups of chain type poking and feeding assemblies are meshed with gears on the same rotating shaft to realize synchronous rotation, and the rotating shaft is connected with one of the gears of the transfer case 1 through a first group of worm and gear transmission pair 15 and other intermediate transition gears and transition chain wheels. The basket feeding problem in fruit and vegetable mechanical harvesting operation is solved by adopting the self-locking characteristic of the worm and gear mechanism, and the auxiliary plate is installed more tightly under the condition of ensuring that the operation does not interfere with each other due to the short pitch of the chain in the rack, so that more than ten baskets can be placed. When the chain wheel 12 drives the supporting chain 11 to rotate, the basket at the bottommost layer is separated from the chain type poking and conveying assembly, and the chain wheel 12 is braked and stopped for the next start.

The basket conveying chain 6 comprises two groups of double-chain type dragging chains, double chain wheels 6.2 for driving the dragging chains 6.1 are mounted on the frame, a friction plate 6.3 is arranged between the two double chain wheels 6.2 to support the dragging chains 6.1, one double chain wheel 6.2 in each group of double-chain type dragging chains is used as a driving chain wheel and is in shaft coupling with a gear, gears in the two groups of double-chain type dragging chains and gears on the same rotating shaft are meshed to realize synchronous rotation, the rotating shaft is connected with one gear of the transfer case 1, guard plates 16 are mounted on the outer sides of the double-chain type dragging chains, and the guard plates 16 on the two sides are connected into a basket channel.

The transfer case 1 is connected with a transfer shaft 17 through a multi-stage gear transmission pair and a chain transmission pair, the transfer shaft 17 drives a conveyer belt 3.1 and a cylindrical roller 4.1, a second worm wheel 20 and a second bevel gear are installed on the transfer shaft 17, the second worm wheel 20 is meshed with a second worm 21 on the cylindrical roller 4.1, and the second bevel gear is meshed with a roller bevel gear 22 on a driving roller 3.3; the disc cutter 2.2 does not need too large torque, and the slippage of the disc cutter 2.2 is not a fatal factor for the cutting performance, so that the disc cutter 2.2 adopts belt transmission, one gear in a multi-stage gear transmission pair is meshed with a gear on a vertical shaft 18, and a belt wheel 19 on the vertical shaft 18 drives the disc cutter 2.2 through a belt.

The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A cabbage harvester which is characterized in that: the Chinese cabbage harvester is connected with the traction vehicle and inputs power by the traction vehicle, the Chinese cabbage harvester comprises a frame, a transfer case (1), a root cutting mechanism (2), a lifting conveying line (3), a rotten leaf removing mechanism (4) and an automatic basket loading mechanism are loaded on the frame, and the power input by the traction vehicle is distributed to the root cutting mechanism (2), the lifting conveying line (3), the rotten leaf removing mechanism (4) and the automatic basket loading mechanism through the transfer case (1);

the root cutting mechanism (2) cuts off the Chinese cabbage plants and then conveys the Chinese cabbage plants to the rotten leaf removing mechanism (4) through the lifting conveying line (3); the rotten leaf removing mechanism (4) comprises two parallel cylindrical rollers (4.1) for supporting the Chinese cabbages, a convex spiral line (4.2) is wound on the cylindrical surface of each cylindrical roller (4.1), the thread pitch of the spiral line (4.2) is uniform and is matched with the length of a single Chinese cabbage, the two cylindrical rollers (4.1) rotate oppositely, and the spiral direction of the spiral line (4.2) is opposite to the rotation direction of the cylindrical rollers (4.1); the spiral lines (4.2) on the two cylindrical rollers (4.1) are used for pushing the Chinese cabbage, and the gap between the cylindrical rollers (4.1) is used for tearing rotten leaves of the Chinese cabbage;

the automatic basket loading mechanism comprises a storage rack (5), basket conveying chains (6), a cabbage guiding groove (7) and a basket sliding groove (8), wherein the upper space of the storage rack (5) is used for storing nested baskets (9), one end of each basket conveying chain (6) extends into the lower space of the storage rack (5), the other end of each basket conveying chain extends into the lower space of the corresponding cabbage guiding groove (7) and then is connected with an inlet of the corresponding basket sliding groove (8), the baskets (9) are supported by a basket placing mechanism and are released onto the basket conveying chains (6) one by one through the basket placing mechanism, the cabbage guiding groove (7) is in a slope shape, a top slope inlet is positioned below an outlet of the rotten leaf removing mechanism (4), a bottom slope outlet is higher than baskets in the basket conveying chains (6), the basket sliding grooves (8) extend towards the ground smoothly, a next basket released by the basket placing mechanism after a previous basket is filled with cabbages reaches the cabbage guiding groove (7) through the basket conveying chains (6), and the basket sliding groove (8) is pushed to the ground to slide;

the storage rack (5) comprises four right-angle upright posts (5.1), the four right-angle upright posts (5.1) are arranged at four corners of the basket to form a slideway for limiting the basket, and a plurality of nested baskets can be slidably embedded in the slideway;

the basket placing mechanism is installed on a storage frame (5), and comprises a set of chain type poking and conveying assemblies respectively arranged at two opposite sides of a basket, each chain type poking and conveying assembly comprises a rack and a vertically-stretched supporting chain (11), each supporting chain (11) is installed on the rack through a chain wheel (12), a bearing seat (13) and a shaft, a set of auxiliary plates are installed on each supporting chain (11) at intervals, right-angle sheet metal parts (14) are fixedly connected onto the auxiliary plates through bolts and nuts, and the edge of each basket is hooked on the right-angle sheet metal parts (14) on two sides; one of the chain wheels (12) for driving the supporting chain (11) in the chain type poking and conveying assemblies is connected with a gear shaft, gears in the two groups of chain type poking and conveying assemblies are meshed with gears on the same rotating shaft to realize synchronous rotation, and the rotating shaft is connected with one of gears of the transfer case (1) through a worm gear and worm transmission pair.

2. The cabbage harvester of claim 1: the method is characterized in that: the root cutting mechanism (2) comprises a guide righting frame (2.1) and a disc cutter (2.2), the disc cutter (2.2) is installed below the guide righting frame (2.1), the disc cutter (2.2) is located in a guide groove of an opening of the guide righting frame (2.1) and in a range of a feeding port of the lifting conveying line (3), and the guide righting frame (2.1) guides the disc cutter (2.2) to cut the root of the Chinese cabbage and simultaneously feeds the Chinese cabbage into the lifting conveying line (3); promote transfer chain (3) slant installation, the discharge opening that promotes transfer chain (3) extends to going burnt-out leaf mechanism (4) overhead.

3. The cabbage harvester of claim 2: the method is characterized in that: promote transfer chain (3) conveyer belt (3.1) including two sets of vertical settings, reserve cabbage centre gripping tunnel between two sets of conveyer belts (3.1), the belt of conveyer belt (3.1) is as the cabbage clamping face, it is provided with a compression roller (3.2) to paste cabbage centre gripping tunnel on conveyer belt (3.1), the interval of compression roller (3.2) is less than the diameter of cabbage, the rank head, the distance of compression roller (3.2) to the roller of conveyer belt of the rank tail is also less than the diameter of cabbage, the roller of the upper end of conveyer belt (3.1) is initiative roller (3.3), the roller of lower extreme is driven roller (3.4), one of them gear hookup of initiative roller (3.3) and transfer case (1).

4. The cabbage harvester of claim 3: the method is characterized in that: the basket conveying chain (6) comprises two groups of double-chain type dragging chains, double chain wheels (6.2) for driving the dragging chains (6.1) are mounted on a frame, a friction plate (6.3) is arranged between the two double chain wheels (6.2) for supporting the dragging chains (6.1), one double chain wheel (6.2) in each group of double-chain type dragging chains is used as a driving chain wheel and is connected with a gear shaft, gears in the two groups of double-chain type dragging chains are meshed with gears on the same rotating shaft to realize synchronous rotation, the rotating shaft is connected with one gear of the transfer case (1), a guard plate (16) is mounted on the outer side of each double-chain type dragging chain, and the guard plates (16) on the two sides are connected into a basket channel.

5. The cabbage harvester of claim 4: the method is characterized in that: the transfer case (1) is connected with a transfer shaft (17) through a multi-stage gear transmission pair and a chain transmission pair, the transfer shaft (17) is provided with a worm wheel and bevel gears, the worm wheel is meshed with a worm on a cylindrical roller (4.1), and the bevel gears are meshed with bevel gears on a driving roller (3.3); one of the gears in the multi-stage gear transmission pair is meshed with a gear on a vertical shaft (18), and a belt wheel (19) on the vertical shaft (18) drives the disc cutter (2.2) through a belt.

6. The cabbage harvester of claim 3: the method is characterized in that: two shaft ends of the compression roller (3.2) are arranged on the spring support and used for clamping the Chinese cabbage with different diameters.

7. The cabbage harvester of claim 2: the method is characterized in that: the guide righting frame (2.1) comprises two guide cones which are arranged in parallel, and the tips of the guide cones point to the Chinese cabbage plants.

8. The cabbage harvester of claim 1: the method is characterized in that: the two sides of the two cylindrical rollers (4.1) are provided with protective wings (23) on the rotten leaf removing mechanism (4).

9. The cabbage harvester of any one of claims 1-8: the method is characterized in that: the traction vehicle is a tractor (10), and a tail shaft (10.1) of the tractor (10) is connected with an input shaft of the transfer case (1).