CN114938729A - Ecological reclamation method for soil slope - Google Patents
Ecological reclamation method for soil slope Download PDFInfo
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- CN114938729A CN114938729A CN202210541099.0A CN202210541099A CN114938729A CN 114938729 A CN114938729 A CN 114938729A CN 202210541099 A CN202210541099 A CN 202210541099A CN 114938729 A CN114938729 A CN 114938729A
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- ecological
- slope
- soil layer
- soil
- side slope
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 95
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009991 scouring Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001680 brushing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000003243 Thuja occidentalis Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000008109 Thuja occidentalis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/20—Securing of slopes or inclines
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Revetment (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an ecological reclamation method for a soil layer side slope, which relates to the technical field of ecological restoration and comprises the following steps of forming the soil layer side slope; step two: finishing the slope of the soil layer side slope; step three: excavating a reclamation ecological pit; step four: reclamation and maintenance; excavating ecological reclamation pits on the slope surface by using an excavator, and synchronously planting reclamation trees while excavating and reclaiming to reclaim the slope surface; the problem that due to the fact that engineering descends, a road leading to an upper soil layer side slope disappears along with the descending of the engineering, and personnel or mechanical equipment cannot enter the upper soil layer step after the upper soil layer step leans against the upper side is solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ecological restoration, in particular to the technical field of soil layer side slope ecological reclamation methods.
Background
The soil layer side slope refers to an open mine, a highway, a railway or other earth and stone engineering, the soil layer side slope with a certain slope is reserved from top to bottom along a boundary after soil layer excavation, and when the height of the side slope is higher, a step-shaped side slope is usually formed for keeping the side slope stable. Due to excavation, the original landform and landform are damaged, and the soil layer slope is not coordinated with the surrounding ecological environment. And because the general soil layer side slope is positioned at the top of the project, the soil layer strength is lower, if the soil layer side slope is not protected, the soil layer side slope is easy to cause collapse and water and soil loss along with weathering and rainwater erosion, and the damage is caused to the personnel and facilities at the lower part.
The conventional slope protection generally uses stones, concrete, building blocks and the like to completely seal the whole slope. Although the slope landslide, instability and water and soil loss can be well prevented, the construction cost is very high, and the natural environment and ecological vegetation around the slope are damaged and are not coordinated with the surrounding ecological environment.
How to solve the above technical problems has been the direction of efforts of those skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: in order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides an ecological reclamation method for a soil slope.
The invention specifically adopts the following technical scheme for realizing the purpose:
an ecological reclamation method for soil layer side slopes comprises the following steps:
step one, forming soil layer side slope
Reserving a soil layer side slope from top to bottom after the side slope is close to the boundary in the excavation process, cleaning and brushing the soil layer side slope, and ensuring that the soil layer side slope parameters meet the safety requirements and the soil layer side slope is neat;
step two: slope surface finishing of soil layer side slope
The soil layer side slope is divided into a plurality of continuous step side slope surface units from top to bottom, and each step side slope surface unit comprises an inclined step side slope surface at the upper part and a horizontal safety platform;
step three: excavation of reclamation ecological pit
After the soil layer slope in the first step is cleaned and brushed and the step slope surface units in the second step are divided, a plurality of rows of ecological pits are excavated on the step slope surface on the safety platform by using an excavated excavator.
Step four: reclamation and maintenance
The method comprises the steps of planting reclamation trees in the ecological pits, cleaning original soil in the ecological pits before planting, replacing a nutrient soil layer to lay along the ecological pits, wherein the laying thickness is 0.15-0.2 m, the nutrient soil layer covers all root soil spheres of the whole trees during planting, leveling is carried out, and the height of the leveled pit surface is lower than the lower edge of the ecological pit by 0.08-0.1 m.
Step five:
and synchronously reclaiming the excavated step slope surface units at the upper part while excavating the step slope surface units at the lower part.
Further, in the second step, the height of the slope surface of the step side slope is 6-8 m because the soil layer side slope is influenced by the soil layer strength and the maximum excavating height of the adopted excavator; the slope angle of the step slope is 40-60 degrees, and the width of the safety platform is not less than 3 m.
Furthermore, in the second step, the soil layer side slope at least comprises a group of step side slope surfaces and safety platforms, and the higher the height of the soil layer side slope is, the more the group number of the step side slope surfaces and the safety platforms are.
Further, in the third step, if the volume of the digging excavator bucket is too large, a small-sized back shovel bucket with the volume of 0.3-0.5 m can be adopted 3 Provided is a hydraulic excavator.
Furthermore, in the third step, the ecological pit is vertically dug downwards along the slope surface, the depth of the ecological pit is not less than 0.3m, and the depth of the ecological pit is 0.5m in width; after excavation, a 0.2m nutrition soil layer or an organic matter soil layer is laid on the lower portion of the excavated soil layer, and a 0.1m water retaining dike capable of playing a role of retaining water and preventing rainwater from scouring the slope is reserved along the outer edge of the ecological pit.
Furthermore, in the third step, 2-3 rows of ecological pits are arranged on the slope surface of each step side slope, the distance between the ecological pits in the same row is 1-1.5 m, and the distance between two adjacent rows of ecological pits is 2-4 m.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the method comprises the steps of excavating soil layer side slopes, excavating ecological reclamation pits on the slope surfaces by utilizing an excavator, synchronously planting reclamation trees while excavating and reclaiming, and reclaiming the slope surfaces; the problem that due to the fact that engineering descends, a road leading to an upper soil layer side slope disappears along with the descending of the engineering, and personnel or mechanical equipment cannot enter the upper soil layer step after the upper soil layer step leans against the upper side is solved.
2. This technique has realized soil layer side slope excavation and reclamation go on in step, avoids that mechanical equipment can't go up to upper step during later stage reclamation, has avoided the secondary of personnel and equipment to have bad luck simultaneously, and is with low costs, and this technical process is fairly simple, and the workman is easy to operate and masters.
3. The technology can reduce the influence of soil layer excavation on the surrounding ecological environment to the maximum extent, and can realize excavation and reclamation at the same time, thereby effectively reducing water and soil loss, and playing a certain slope protection role on the side slope through timely reclamation and the action of plant root systems.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a soil layer slope constituent element of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the shape and arrangement of the ecological tree pit;
reference numerals: 1-step slope 2-safety platform 3-ecological pit 4-reclamation arbor, 5-ecological pit upper slope 6-water retaining dike 7-nutrient soil layer.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like are used merely to distinguish one description from another, and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "inside", "outside", "upper", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings or orientations or positional relationships conventionally arranged when products of the present invention are used, and are only used for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements indicated must have specific orientations, be constructed in specific orientations, and operated, and thus, cannot be construed as limiting the present invention.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a soil slope ecological reclamation method, which comprises the following steps:
step one, forming soil layer side slope
Reserving a soil layer side slope from top to bottom after the side slope is close to the boundary in the excavation process, cleaning and brushing the soil layer side slope, and ensuring that the soil layer side slope parameters meet the safety requirements and the soil layer side slope is neat;
step two: slope surface finishing of soil layer side slope
The soil layer side slope is divided into a plurality of continuous step side slope surface units from top to bottom, and each step side slope surface unit comprises an inclined step side slope surface at the upper part and a horizontal safety platform;
because the soil layer side slope is influenced by the soil layer strength and the maximum excavating height of the adopted excavator, the height of the step side slope surface is generally not too high and is generally 6-8 m; the slope angle of the step slope is not suitable to be too steep, generally 40-60 degrees, the width of the safety platform needs to ensure that small equipment passes through, and generally is not less than 3 m. As shown in fig. 1.
The soil layer side slope at least comprises a group of step side slope surfaces and safety platforms, and the higher the height of the soil layer side slope is, the more the group number of the step side slope surfaces and the safety platforms are.
Step three: excavation of reclamation ecological pit
After the soil layer slope in the first step is cleaned and brushed and the step slope surface units in the second step are divided, a plurality of rows of ecological pits are excavated on the step slope surface on the safety platform by using an excavated excavator.
If the volume of the digging excavator bucket is too large, a small-sized back-shovel bucket with the volume of 0.3-0.5 m can be adopted 3 Provided is a hydraulic excavator.
The ecological pits are vertically dug downwards along the slope, the depth of each ecological pit is not less than 0.3m, the depth of each ecological pit is 0.5-0.7 m generally, and the depth of each ecological pit is 0.5m in width generally; after excavation, a nutrient soil layer or an organic soil layer of 0.2m is laid on the lower part of the soil layer. A0.1 m water retaining dike is reserved along the outer edge of the ecological pit, so that the water retaining effect can be achieved, and rainwater is prevented from scouring the slope surface.
2-3 rows of ecological pits are arranged on the slope surface of each step side slope, the distance between the ecological pits in the same row is 1-1.5 m, the distance between two adjacent rows of ecological pits is 2-4 m, and the slope surface can be covered completely by arbor with the maximum growth height of the lower row of reclamation planting. As shown in fig. 2.
Step four: reclamation and maintenance
The reclaimed arbor such as arborvitae is planted in the ecological pit, and the reclaimed arbor should be selected and verified according to local climate. The method comprises the steps of cleaning original soil in the ecological pit before planting, replacing a nutrient soil layer to lay along the ecological pit, wherein the laying thickness is 0.15-0.2 m, the nutrient soil layer covers all root soil spheres of the whole tree during planting and is leveled, and the height of the leveled pit surface is lower than the lower edge of the ecological pit by 0.08-0.1 m. During maintenance, watering or fertilizing can not overflow the slope; during raining, rainwater on the slope surface can be intercepted, and the rainwater is prevented from scouring the slope surface of the step slope.
And synchronously reclaiming the excavated step slope surface units at the upper part while excavating the step slope surface units at the lower part.
Claims (6)
1. An ecological reclamation method for a soil slope is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, forming soil layer side slope
Reserving a soil layer side slope from top to bottom after the side slope is close to the boundary in the excavation process, cleaning and brushing the soil layer side slope, and ensuring that the soil layer side slope parameters meet the safety requirements and the soil layer side slope is neat;
step two: slope surface finishing of soil layer side slope
The soil layer side slope is divided into a plurality of continuous step side slope surface units from top to bottom, and each step side slope surface unit comprises an inclined step side slope surface at the upper part and a horizontal safety platform;
step three: excavation of reclamation ecological pit
After the soil layer slope in the first step is cleaned and brushed and the step slope surface units in the second step are divided, a plurality of rows of ecological pits are excavated on the step slope surface on the safety platform by using an excavated excavator.
Step four: reclamation and maintenance
Planting reclaimed trees in the ecological pits, cleaning original soil in the ecological pits before planting, replacing the original soil with a nutrient soil layer to be laid along the ecological pits, wherein the laying thickness is 0.15-0.2 m, the nutrient soil layer is required to completely cover root soil spheres of the whole tree during planting and level, and the height of the leveled pit surface is 0.08-0.1 m lower edges of the ecological pits;
and synchronously reclaiming the excavated step slope surface units at the upper part while excavating the step slope surface units at the lower part.
2. The ecological reclamation method for the soil slopes as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the second step, the height of the slope surface of the step slope is 6-8 m as the soil slopes are affected by the soil strength and the maximum digging height of the adopted excavator; the slope angle of the step slope is 40-60 degrees, and the width of the safety platform is not less than 3 m.
3. The ecological reclamation method for the soil slopes as recited in claim 2, wherein in the second step, the soil slopes comprise at least one group of step slope surfaces and safety platforms, and the higher the height of the soil slopes is, the more the group of step slope surfaces and safety platforms are.
4. The ecological reclamation method for soil slopes as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the third step, if the volume of the digging excavator bucket is too large, a small-sized back excavator bucket with a volume of 0.3-0.5 m can be adopted 3 Provided is a hydraulic excavator.
5. The ecological reclamation method for the soil slope of claim 2, wherein in the third step, the ecological pits are dug vertically downwards along the slope surface, the depth of the ecological pits is not less than 0.3m, and the depth of the ecological pits is 0.5m wide; after excavation, a 0.2m nutrition soil layer or an organic matter soil layer is laid on the lower portion of the excavated soil layer, and a 0.1m water retaining dike capable of playing a role of retaining water and preventing rainwater from scouring the slope is reserved along the outer edge of the ecological pit.
6. The ecological reclamation method for soil layer side slopes according to claim 2, wherein 2-3 rows of ecological pits are arranged on each step side slope surface in the third step, the space between the ecological pits in the same row is 1-1.5 m, and the space between two adjacent rows of ecological pits is 2-4 m.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210541099.0A CN114938729A (en) | 2022-05-18 | 2022-05-18 | Ecological reclamation method for soil slope |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210541099.0A CN114938729A (en) | 2022-05-18 | 2022-05-18 | Ecological reclamation method for soil slope |
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| CN114938729A true CN114938729A (en) | 2022-08-26 |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201826318U (en) * | 2010-09-29 | 2011-05-11 | 王天巍 | Simple ecological slope protecting structure for loose soil of road |
| CN108086980A (en) * | 2017-12-26 | 2018-05-29 | 河南建筑材料研究设计院有限责任公司 | A kind of surface mine exploitation security platform and the reclamation method for cleaning platform |
| CN110249813A (en) * | 2019-07-15 | 2019-09-20 | 大连地拓环境科技有限公司 | One kind cheating method for greening high precipitous rock slope in mining |
| CN111456043A (en) * | 2020-04-21 | 2020-07-28 | 水利部牧区水利科学研究所 | Structure for covering green on side slope of refuse dump |
| CN216405446U (en) * | 2021-12-17 | 2022-04-29 | 伊春鹿鸣矿业有限公司 | Ecological slope protection system of open-pit mine waste dump |
-
2022
- 2022-05-18 CN CN202210541099.0A patent/CN114938729A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201826318U (en) * | 2010-09-29 | 2011-05-11 | 王天巍 | Simple ecological slope protecting structure for loose soil of road |
| CN108086980A (en) * | 2017-12-26 | 2018-05-29 | 河南建筑材料研究设计院有限责任公司 | A kind of surface mine exploitation security platform and the reclamation method for cleaning platform |
| CN110249813A (en) * | 2019-07-15 | 2019-09-20 | 大连地拓环境科技有限公司 | One kind cheating method for greening high precipitous rock slope in mining |
| CN111456043A (en) * | 2020-04-21 | 2020-07-28 | 水利部牧区水利科学研究所 | Structure for covering green on side slope of refuse dump |
| CN216405446U (en) * | 2021-12-17 | 2022-04-29 | 伊春鹿鸣矿业有限公司 | Ecological slope protection system of open-pit mine waste dump |
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