CN114934214A - Processing method for improving strength and toughness of aluminum alloy material - Google Patents
Processing method for improving strength and toughness of aluminum alloy material Download PDFInfo
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- CN114934214A CN114934214A CN202210631938.8A CN202210631938A CN114934214A CN 114934214 A CN114934214 A CN 114934214A CN 202210631938 A CN202210631938 A CN 202210631938A CN 114934214 A CN114934214 A CN 114934214A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/02—Alloys based on aluminium with silicon as the next major constituent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/003—Alloys based on aluminium containing at least 2.6% of one or more of the elements: tin, lead, antimony, bismuth, cadmium, and titanium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/12—Alloys based on aluminium with copper as the next major constituent
- C22C21/14—Alloys based on aluminium with copper as the next major constituent with silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/12—Alloys based on aluminium with copper as the next major constituent
- C22C21/18—Alloys based on aluminium with copper as the next major constituent with zinc
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/002—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working by rapid cooling or quenching; cooling agents used therefor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/043—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with silicon as the next major constituent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/057—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with copper as the next major constituent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
- C23C4/123—Spraying molten metal
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
- C23F17/00—Multi-step processes for surface treatment of metallic material involving at least one process provided for in class C23 and at least one process covered by subclass C21D or C22F or class C25
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Abstract
The invention discloses a processing method for improving the strength and toughness of an aluminum alloy material, and relates to the technical field of alloy processing. The alloy comprises copper, tin, silicon, iron, manganese, chromium, zinc and aluminum, and further comprises the following components in percentage by weight: copper: 4% -8%; tin: 3% -5%; silicon: 6 to 8 percent; iron: 0.4% -0.8%; manganese: 0.6% -1%; chromium: 3% -7%; zinc: 2% -5%; aluminum: 70 to 75 percent. According to the invention, through the control of the content ratio of various metal materials, the fluidity, tensile strength and hardness of the aluminum alloy material are improved, the mechanical property is improved, the machinability is improved, the increase of the hot cracking tendency is avoided, the corrosion resistance and the shaping are improved, the strength of the aluminum alloy material is improved through the surface deformation strengthening, the aluminum alloy material can be more suitable for high-strength work, the aluminum alloy material is cleaned, the aluminum alloy material is more attractive, and the stable adjustability during heating is ensured through the mixed heating of various modes during surface heat treatment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of alloy treatment, in particular to a treatment method for improving the strength and toughness of an aluminum alloy material.
Background
The aluminum alloy material is one of the lightest metal alloy materials, has high specific strength and specific stiffness, good heat and electric conductivity, damping vibration attenuation, electromagnetic shielding and easy processing and forming, so that the preparation of the high-toughness aluminum alloy material is the trend of material application and development.
In view of the prior art, the aluminum alloy material is usually subjected to fine grain strengthening by adopting a traditional heat treatment method or an equal channel corner extrusion method and other methods to improve the mechanical property of the material, although the traditional heat treatment process plays an important role in improving the mechanical property of the material, the aluminum alloy material is treated by using a traditional method, and the surface heat treatment efficiency of the material produced by the method is not high and the quality is poor because the heating is unstable during the surface treatment of the aluminum alloy material, so that a novel treatment method is provided to solve the existing problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a processing method for improving the strength and toughness of an aluminum alloy material so as to solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: an aluminum alloy material comprises copper, tin, silicon, iron, manganese, chromium, zinc and aluminum, and further comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
copper: 4 to 8 percent of
Tin: 3 to 5 percent
Silicon: 6 to 8 percent of
Iron: 0.4 to 0.8 percent
Manganese: 0.6 to 1 percent
Chromium: 3 to 7 percent of
Zinc: 2 to 5 percent
Aluminum: 70 to 75 percent.
Further, the copper is 5%, the tin is 4%, the silicon is 7%, the iron is 0.5%, the manganese is 0.5%, the chromium is 6%, the zinc is 4%, and the aluminum is 73%.
Further, the copper, tin, silicon, iron, manganese, chromium, zinc and aluminum are mixed and heated to a certain temperature, so that the copper, tin, silicon, iron, manganese, chromium, zinc and aluminum are completely melted and cooled to form the alloy.
Further, the heating temperature ranges from 650 ℃ to 700 ℃.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention also provides the following technical scheme: a treatment method for improving the strength and toughness of an aluminium alloy material, the material in the method comprising any one of claims 1 to 4.
Further, the method comprises the following steps:
s1, surface deformation strengthening: strengthening the synthesized aluminum alloy material by using a throwing and spraying pill;
s2, plastic deformation: the aluminum alloy material is immersed into alcohol, and the convex parts on the metal surface are dissolved faster than the concave parts, so that the surface layer and the subsurface layer of the aluminum alloy material form certain plastic deformation;
s3, rolling treatment: carrying out rolling treatment on the plastically deformed aluminum alloy material by using a shot blasting machine, and rolling the processed surface of the aluminum alloy material by using a freely rotating quenching steel roller so as to strengthen and clean the outer surface of the aluminum alloy material when the outer surface is deformed;
s4, surface heat treatment: quenching the surface of the cleaned aluminum alloy material, and placing the workpiece in a specific medium for cooling until the temperature is reduced to room temperature, so that active atoms in the medium can penetrate into the surface layer of the workpiece to change the chemical composition and the tissue of the surface layer of the workpiece;
s5, strengthening the surface coating: coating one or more layers of other metals or nonmetals on the surface of the treated aluminum alloy material, heating metal powder to a molten or semi-molten state, atomizing the metal powder by using high-pressure airflow, and spraying the atomized metal powder on the surface of the aluminum alloy material to form a coating.
Still further, the surface coating-enhanced coating may use one or more of brushing, pouring, or spraying.
Still further, the surface heat treatment may be one or more of laser heating, baking heating, or air stream heating.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the processing method for improving the strength and toughness of the aluminum alloy material, the fluidity, the tensile strength and the hardness of the aluminum alloy material are improved through the control of the content ratio of various metal materials, the mechanical property is improved, the machinability is improved, the increase of the hot cracking tendency is avoided, the corrosion resistance and the shaping are improved, the strength of the aluminum alloy material is improved through the surface deformation strengthening, the aluminum alloy material can be more suitable for high-strength work, the aluminum alloy material is cleaned, the appearance of the aluminum alloy material is more attractive, the stable adjustability during heating is ensured through the mixed heating in multiple modes during surface heat treatment, the quality of the aluminum alloy material is improved, and the aluminum alloy material is prevented from being rusted and corroded through the coating on the surface of the aluminum alloy material.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The first embodiment is as follows:
a processing method for improving the strength and toughness of an aluminum alloy material comprises the following steps:
s1, strengthening surface deformation: strengthening the synthesized aluminum alloy material by throwing and spraying pills sent at a constant speed;
s2, plastic deformation: the aluminum alloy material is immersed into the aqueous solution, and the convex parts on the metal surface are dissolved faster than the concave parts, so that the surface layer and the subsurface layer of the aluminum alloy material form certain plastic deformation,
s3, rolling treatment: carrying out rolling treatment on the plastically deformed aluminum alloy material by using a shot blasting machine, and rolling the processed surface of the aluminum alloy material by using a freely rotating quenching steel roller so as to strengthen and clean the outer surface of the aluminum alloy material when the outer surface is deformed;
s4, surface heat treatment: quenching the surface of the cleaned aluminum alloy material, placing the workpiece in a specific medium for cooling until the temperature is reduced to room temperature, and enabling active atoms in the medium to permeate into the surface layer of the workpiece so as to change the chemical composition and the tissue of the surface layer of the workpiece;
s5, strengthening the surface coating: coating one or more layers of other metals or nonmetals on the surface of the treated aluminum alloy material, heating metal powder to a molten or semi-molten state, atomizing the metal powder by using high-pressure airflow, and spraying the atomized metal powder on the surface of the aluminum alloy material to form a coating.
Example two:
s1, surface deformation strengthening: placing the synthesized aluminum alloy material in a normal temperature environment, and beating with a metal ball with the diameter larger than that of a steel shot in the throwing jet shot, wherein the metal ball is filled into the air gun to realize beating of the aluminum alloy material;
s2, plastic deformation: immersing the aluminum alloy material into alcohol, and enabling the workpiece to be connected with an anode, wherein the phenomenon that the dissolution speed of convex parts on the surface of the aluminum alloy material is higher than that of concave parts on the surface of the aluminum alloy material is utilized for carrying out plastic deformation by the dissolution of the anode;
s3, rolling treatment: carrying out rolling treatment on the plastically deformed aluminum alloy material by using a shot blasting machine, and rolling the processed surface of the aluminum alloy material by using a freely rotating quenching steel roller so as to strengthen and clean the outer surface of the aluminum alloy material when the outer surface is deformed;
s4, surface heat treatment: quenching the surface of the cleaned aluminum alloy material, and placing the workpiece in a specific medium for cooling until the temperature is reduced to room temperature, so that active atoms in the medium can penetrate into the surface layer of the workpiece to change the chemical composition and the tissue of the surface layer of the workpiece;
s5, strengthening the surface coating: coating one or more layers of other metals or nonmetals on the surface of the treated aluminum alloy material, heating metal powder to a molten or semi-molten state, atomizing the metal powder by using high-pressure airflow, and spraying the atomized metal powder on the surface of the aluminum alloy material to form a coating.
Example three:
s1, surface deformation strengthening: strengthening the synthesized aluminum alloy material by throwing and spraying pills, and spraying a large amount of pills moving at a high speed onto the surface of the aluminum alloy material;
s2, plastic deformation: rolling the aluminum alloy material strengthened by the shot blasting machine, and rolling the processed surface of the aluminum alloy material by a freely rotating quenching steel roller to generate plastic deformation;
s3, surface cleaning: the aluminum alloy material is immersed into an acid solution, and the surface of the part is polished by utilizing the phenomenon that the dissolving speed of convex parts on the surface of the metal is higher than that of concave parts;
s4, surface heat treatment: the surface of the cleaned aluminum alloy material is firstly quenched, the workpiece is placed in a specific medium for heating and heat preservation, active atoms in the medium penetrate into the surface layer of the workpiece so as to change the chemical composition and the structure of the surface layer of the workpiece, and the surface layer is austenitized by rapid heating and then quenched so as to strengthen the surface of the aluminum alloy material under the condition of not changing the chemical composition and the core structure of the aluminum alloy material;
s5, strengthening the surface coating: the alloy surface is coated by brushing, curtain coating or spraying.
Therefore, it should be noted that the fluidity, tensile strength and hardness of the aluminum alloy material are improved by controlling the content ratio of various metal materials, the mechanical property is improved, the machinability is improved, the increase of the hot cracking tendency is avoided, the corrosion resistance and the shaping are improved, the strength of the aluminum alloy material is improved by strengthening the surface deformation, the aluminum alloy material can adapt to high-strength work, the aluminum alloy material is cleaned, the aluminum alloy material is more attractive, the stable adjustability during heating is ensured by mixing and heating in multiple modes during surface heat treatment, the quality of the aluminum alloy material is improved, and the corrosion and the rusting of the aluminum alloy material are avoided by coating on the surface of the aluminum alloy material.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (8)
1. An aluminum alloy material comprises copper, tin, silicon, iron, manganese, chromium, zinc and aluminum, and is characterized in that: the weight percentages of the components are respectively as follows:
copper: 4 to 8 percent
Tin: 3 to 5 percent
Silicon: 6 to 8 percent of
Iron: 0.4 to 0.8 percent
Manganese: 0.6 to 1 percent
Chromium: 3 to 7 percent of
Zinc: 2 to 5 percent
Aluminum: 70 to 75 percent.
2. An aluminium alloy material according to claim 1, wherein: 5% of copper, 4% of tin, 7% of silicon, 0.5% of iron, 0.5% of manganese, 6% of chromium, 4% of zinc and 73% of aluminum.
3. An aluminium alloy material according to claim 1, wherein: the copper, tin, silicon, iron, manganese, chromium, zinc and aluminum are mixed and heated to a certain temperature, so that the copper, tin, silicon, iron, manganese, chromium, zinc and aluminum are completely melted and then cooled to form the alloy.
4. An aluminum alloy material according to claim 3, wherein: the heating temperature is in the range of 650-700 ℃.
5. A processing method for improving the strength and toughness of an aluminum alloy material is characterized by comprising the following steps: the material in the method comprises any one of claims 1-4.
6. The processing method for improving the strength and the toughness of the aluminum alloy material according to claim 5, is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, surface deformation strengthening: strengthening the synthesized aluminum alloy material by using a throwing and spraying pill;
s2, plastic deformation: the aluminum alloy material is immersed into alcohol, and the convex parts on the metal surface are dissolved faster than the concave parts, so that the surface layer and the subsurface layer of the aluminum alloy material form certain plastic deformation;
s3, rolling treatment: carrying out rolling treatment on the plastically deformed aluminum alloy material by using a shot blasting machine, and rolling the processed surface of the aluminum alloy material by using a freely rotating quenching steel roller, so that the outer surface of the aluminum alloy material is strengthened and cleaned when being deformed;
s4, surface heat treatment: quenching the surface of the cleaned aluminum alloy material, and placing the workpiece in a specific medium for cooling until the temperature is reduced to room temperature, so that active atoms in the medium can penetrate into the surface layer of the workpiece to change the chemical composition and the tissue of the surface layer of the workpiece;
s5, strengthening the surface coating: coating one or more layers of other metals or nonmetals on the surface of the treated aluminum alloy material, heating metal powder to a molten or semi-molten state, atomizing the metal powder by using high-pressure airflow, and spraying the atomized metal powder on the surface of the aluminum alloy material to form a coating.
7. A processing method for improving the strength and toughness of an aluminum alloy material is characterized by comprising the following steps: the surface coating-enhanced coating may use one or more of brushing, pouring, or spraying.
8. A processing method for improving the strength and toughness of an aluminum alloy material is characterized by comprising the following steps: the surface heat treatment mode can be one or more of laser heating, baking heating or air flow heating.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210631938.8A CN114934214A (en) | 2022-06-07 | 2022-06-07 | Processing method for improving strength and toughness of aluminum alloy material |
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| CN202210631938.8A CN114934214A (en) | 2022-06-07 | 2022-06-07 | Processing method for improving strength and toughness of aluminum alloy material |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002348631A (en) * | 2001-05-22 | 2002-12-04 | Aisin Seiki Co Ltd | Aluminum-zinc-magnesium aluminum alloy for casting and forging, aluminum-zinc-magnesium cast and forged article, and manufacturing method therefor |
| CN104388782A (en) * | 2014-10-24 | 2015-03-04 | 无锡乐华自动化科技有限公司 | Aluminum alloy material and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN104789821A (en) * | 2015-03-23 | 2015-07-22 | 苏州市神龙门窗有限公司 | Chromium-containing antirust alloy material and treatment process thereof |
| CN111118359A (en) * | 2020-01-14 | 2020-05-08 | 浙江鸿通新材料有限公司 | Aluminum alloy material and surface treatment method thereof |
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- 2022-06-07 CN CN202210631938.8A patent/CN114934214A/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002348631A (en) * | 2001-05-22 | 2002-12-04 | Aisin Seiki Co Ltd | Aluminum-zinc-magnesium aluminum alloy for casting and forging, aluminum-zinc-magnesium cast and forged article, and manufacturing method therefor |
| CN104388782A (en) * | 2014-10-24 | 2015-03-04 | 无锡乐华自动化科技有限公司 | Aluminum alloy material and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN104789821A (en) * | 2015-03-23 | 2015-07-22 | 苏州市神龙门窗有限公司 | Chromium-containing antirust alloy material and treatment process thereof |
| CN111118359A (en) * | 2020-01-14 | 2020-05-08 | 浙江鸿通新材料有限公司 | Aluminum alloy material and surface treatment method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20220823 |