CN111118359A - Aluminum alloy material and surface treatment method thereof - Google Patents
Aluminum alloy material and surface treatment method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111118359A CN111118359A CN202010039121.2A CN202010039121A CN111118359A CN 111118359 A CN111118359 A CN 111118359A CN 202010039121 A CN202010039121 A CN 202010039121A CN 111118359 A CN111118359 A CN 111118359A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/12—Alloys based on aluminium with copper as the next major constituent
- C22C21/18—Alloys based on aluminium with copper as the next major constituent with zinc
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D7/14—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials to metal, e.g. car bodies
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/02—Alloys based on aluminium with silicon as the next major constituent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/12—Alloys based on aluminium with copper as the next major constituent
- C22C21/14—Alloys based on aluminium with copper as the next major constituent with silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/12—Alloys based on aluminium with copper as the next major constituent
- C22C21/16—Alloys based on aluminium with copper as the next major constituent with magnesium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/002—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working by rapid cooling or quenching; cooling agents used therefor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/043—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with silicon as the next major constituent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/057—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with copper as the next major constituent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
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- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
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- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an aluminum alloy material and a surface treatment method thereof, wherein the aluminum alloy material comprises copper, magnesium, silicon, iron, manganese, nickel, zinc and aluminum, and comprises the following components: 4% -8% of copper, 3% -5% of magnesium, 6% -8% of silicon, 0.4% -0.8% of iron, 0.6% -1% of manganese, 3% -7% of nickel, 2% -5% of zinc and 70% -75% of aluminum, wherein the copper, the magnesium, the silicon, the iron, the manganese, the nickel, the zinc, the aluminum, the zinc and the aluminum are respectively 6%, 4%, 7% of silicon, 0.6% of iron, 0.8% of manganese, 5% of nickel, 3.5% of zinc and 73%, the range of the certain temperature is controlled to be 620-680 ℃, and the method comprises the following steps: surface deformation strengthening: the synthesized aluminum alloy material is strengthened by throwing and spraying pills, and a large number of pills which move at a high speed are sprayed on the surface of the aluminum alloy material, so that the surface layer and the subsurface layer of the aluminum alloy material form certain plastic deformation. The aluminum alloy material and the surface treatment method thereof improve the fluidity, tensile strength and hardness of the aluminum alloy material, improve the mechanical property and improve the quality of the aluminum alloy material.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of aluminum alloy materials, and particularly relates to an aluminum alloy material and a surface treatment method thereof.
Background
Aluminum is second only to oxygen and silicon in the earth's crust and is one of the abundant metal elements. Aluminum and its alloys have been widely used in various fields such as aviation, aerospace, construction, mechanical equipment, bridges, vehicles, ships, home appliances, electronic equipment, etc. due to their excellent characteristics, and have become an important role in national economy in our country. With the development of the application of aluminum and aluminum alloy, the surface treatment technology is correspondingly increased at a high speed, so that the surface treatment technology of the aluminum alloy is further perfected and optimized. The surface treatment of aluminum alloy relates to multiple disciplines including metallurgy, chemistry, materials science and the like, the aluminum alloy is a non-ferrous metal structural material which is most widely applied in industry, and the aluminum alloy is widely applied to aviation, aerospace, automobiles, mechanical manufacturing, ships and chemical industry. The rapid development of industrial economy has increased the demand for aluminum alloy welded structural members, and the research on the weldability of aluminum alloys is also deepened.
The existing aluminum alloy material has poor solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening effects, reduces corrosion resistance and shapes, increases hot cracking tendency, and has low surface heat treatment efficiency due to unstable heating during surface treatment of the aluminum alloy material and poor quality of the treated aluminum alloy material.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems that the existing aluminum alloy material in the prior art has poor solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening effects, reduces corrosion resistance and shaping, increases the hot cracking tendency, is unstable in heating during surface treatment of the aluminum alloy material, causes low surface heat treatment efficiency and poor quality of the treated aluminum alloy material, and provides an aluminum alloy material and a surface treatment method thereof.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: an aluminum alloy material comprises copper, magnesium, silicon, iron, manganese, nickel, zinc and aluminum, and the aluminum alloy material comprises the following components: 4 to 8 percent of copper, 3 to 5 percent of magnesium, 6 to 8 percent of silicon, 0.4 to 0.8 percent of iron, 0.6 to 1 percent of manganese, 3 to 7 percent of nickel, 2 to 5 percent of zinc and 70 to 75 percent of aluminum.
Preferably: 6% of copper, 4% of magnesium, 7% of silicon, 0.6% of iron, 0.8% of manganese, 5% of nickel, 3.5% of zinc and 73% of aluminum.
Preferably: the copper, magnesium, silicon, iron, manganese, nickel, zinc and aluminum are mixed and heated to a certain temperature, so that the copper, magnesium, silicon, iron, manganese, nickel, zinc and aluminum are completely melted and then cooled to form the alloy.
Preferably: the range of the certain temperature is controlled to be 620-680 ℃.
The invention provides a surface treatment method of an aluminum alloy material, which comprises the following steps:
s1, surface deformation strengthening: strengthening the synthesized aluminum alloy material by throwing and spraying shot, spraying a large amount of shot moving at high speed onto the surface of the aluminum alloy material to enable the surface layer and the subsurface layer of the aluminum alloy material to form certain plastic deformation, performing rolling treatment on the aluminum alloy material strengthened by a shot blasting machine, rolling the processed surface of the aluminum alloy material by a freely rotating quenching steel roller to generate plastic deformation, flattening rough peaks on the surface of the aluminum alloy material, and strengthening and smoothing the surface of the aluminum alloy material;
s2, surface cleaning: immersing the aluminum alloy material into a special chemical solution, and polishing the surface of the part by utilizing the phenomenon that the dissolution speed of convex parts on the surface of the metal is higher than that of concave parts;
s3, surface heat treatment: the surface of the cleaned aluminum alloy material is firstly quenched, the workpiece is placed in a specific medium for heating and heat preservation, active atoms in the medium penetrate into the surface layer of the workpiece so as to change the chemical composition and the structure of the surface layer of the workpiece, and the surface layer is austenitized by rapid heating and then quenched so as to strengthen the surface of the aluminum alloy material under the condition of not changing the chemical composition and the core structure of the aluminum alloy material;
s4, strengthening the surface coating: coating one or more layers of other metals or nonmetals on the surface of the aluminum alloy material after heat treatment, heating metal powder to a molten or semi-molten state, atomizing the metal powder by using high-pressure airflow, and spraying the atomized metal powder on the surface of the aluminum alloy material to form a coating.
Preferably: the surface coating-strengthened coating can also be formed by brushing, automatic dip coating, manual spraying, curtain coating, fluidized bed coating, roller coating, and electrostatic spraying.
Preferably: the surface heat treatment heats the surface of the aluminum alloy material by using high-energy-density laser.
The invention has the technical effects and advantages that: compared with the traditional aluminum alloy material, the aluminum alloy material and the surface treatment method thereof provided by the invention have the advantages that the fluidity, the tensile strength and the hardness of the aluminum alloy material are improved through the control of the content ratio of various metal materials, the mechanical property is improved, the machinability is improved, the increase of the hot cracking tendency is avoided, the corrosion resistance and the shaping are improved, the strength of the aluminum alloy material is improved through the surface deformation strengthening, the aluminum alloy material can be more suitable for working with high strength, the aluminum alloy material is cleaned, the aluminum alloy material is more attractive, the heating stability is ensured through the high-energy-density laser heating during the surface heat treatment, the heating efficiency is high, the quality of the aluminum alloy material is improved, and the aluminum alloy material is prevented from being rusted and corroded through the coating on the surface of the aluminum alloy material, tensile strength and hardness, so that the mechanical property is improved, and the quality of the aluminum alloy material is improved.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
A surface treatment method of an aluminum alloy material comprises the following steps:
s1, surface deformation strengthening: strengthening the synthesized aluminum alloy material by throwing and spraying shot, spraying a large amount of shot moving at high speed onto the surface of the aluminum alloy material to enable the surface layer and the subsurface layer of the aluminum alloy material to form certain plastic deformation, performing rolling treatment on the aluminum alloy material strengthened by a shot blasting machine, rolling the processed surface of the aluminum alloy material by a freely rotating quenching steel roller to generate plastic deformation, flattening rough peaks on the surface of the aluminum alloy material, and strengthening and smoothing the surface of the aluminum alloy material;
s2, surface cleaning: immersing the aluminum alloy material into a special chemical solution, and polishing the surface of the part by utilizing the phenomenon that the dissolution speed of convex parts on the surface of the metal is higher than that of concave parts;
s3, surface heat treatment: the surface of the cleaned aluminum alloy material is firstly quenched, the workpiece is placed in a specific medium for heating and heat preservation, active atoms in the medium penetrate into the surface layer of the workpiece so as to change the chemical composition and the structure of the surface layer of the workpiece, and the surface layer is austenitized by rapid heating and then quenched so as to strengthen the surface of the aluminum alloy material under the condition of not changing the chemical composition and the core structure of the aluminum alloy material;
s4, strengthening the surface coating: coating one or more layers of other metals or nonmetals on the surface of the aluminum alloy material after heat treatment, heating metal powder to a molten or semi-molten state, atomizing the metal powder by using high-pressure airflow, and spraying the atomized metal powder on the surface of the aluminum alloy material to form a coating.
Example 2
S1, surface deformation strengthening: extruding a steel ball or other-shaped burnishing tool with the diameter slightly larger than the aperture through the processed inner hole of the aluminum alloy material at normal temperature to strengthen the aluminum alloy material;
s2, surface cleaning: the direct current is conducted in the electrolytic cell, the workpiece is connected with the anode, and the phenomenon that the dissolution speed of convex parts on the surface of the aluminum alloy material is higher than that of concave parts on the surface of the aluminum alloy material is utilized to carry out polishing through anode dissolution is generated;
s3, surface heat treatment: the surface of the cleaned aluminum alloy material is firstly quenched, the workpiece is placed in a specific medium for heating and heat preservation, active atoms in the medium penetrate into the surface layer of the workpiece so as to change the chemical composition and the structure of the surface layer of the workpiece, and the surface layer is austenitized by rapid heating and then quenched so as to strengthen the surface of the aluminum alloy material under the condition of not changing the chemical composition and the core structure of the aluminum alloy material;
s4, strengthening the surface coating: coating one or more layers of other metals or nonmetals on the surface of the aluminum alloy material after heat treatment, heating metal powder to a molten or semi-molten state, atomizing the metal powder by using high-pressure airflow, and spraying the atomized metal powder on the surface of the aluminum alloy material to form a coating.
Example 3
S1, surface deformation strengthening: strengthening the synthesized aluminum alloy material by throwing and spraying shot, spraying a large amount of shot moving at high speed onto the surface of the aluminum alloy material to enable the surface layer and the subsurface layer of the aluminum alloy material to form certain plastic deformation, performing rolling treatment on the aluminum alloy material strengthened by a shot blasting machine, rolling the processed surface of the aluminum alloy material by a freely rotating quenching steel roller to generate plastic deformation, flattening rough peaks on the surface of the aluminum alloy material, and strengthening and smoothing the surface of the aluminum alloy material;
s2, surface cleaning: immersing the aluminum alloy material into a special chemical solution, and polishing the surface of the part by utilizing the phenomenon that the dissolution speed of convex parts on the surface of the metal is higher than that of concave parts;
s3, surface heat treatment: the surface of the cleaned aluminum alloy material is firstly quenched, the workpiece is placed in a specific medium for heating and heat preservation, active atoms in the medium penetrate into the surface layer of the workpiece so as to change the chemical composition and the structure of the surface layer of the workpiece, and the surface layer is austenitized by rapid heating and then quenched so as to strengthen the surface of the aluminum alloy material under the condition of not changing the chemical composition and the core structure of the aluminum alloy material;
s4, strengthening the surface coating: other metallic or non-metallic coatings are formed by brushing, automatic dipping, hand spraying, curtain coating, fluidized bed coating, roller coating, and electrostatic spraying.
In summary, the following steps: compared with the traditional aluminum alloy material, the aluminum alloy material and the surface treatment method thereof have the advantages that the fluidity, tensile strength and hardness of the aluminum alloy material are improved through the control of the content ratio of various metal materials, the mechanical property is improved, the machinability is improved, the increase of the hot cracking tendency is avoided, the corrosion resistance and the shaping are improved, the strength of the aluminum alloy material is improved through the surface deformation strengthening, the aluminum alloy material can be more suitable for working with high strength, the aluminum alloy material is cleaned, the aluminum alloy material is more attractive, the heating stability is ensured through the high-energy-density laser heating during the surface heat treatment, the heating efficiency is high, the quality of the aluminum alloy material is improved, and the aluminum alloy material is prevented from being rusted and corroded through the coating on the surface of the aluminum alloy material.
Similarly, it should be appreciated that in the foregoing description of exemplary embodiments of the invention, for the purposes of streamlining the disclosure and aiding in the understanding of one or more of the various inventive aspects, however, the disclosed method should not be construed as reflecting the intent: that the invention as claimed requires more features than are expressly recited in each claim. Rather, as the following claims reflect, inventive aspects lie in less than all features of a single foregoing disclosed embodiment. Thus, the claims following the detailed description are hereby expressly incorporated into this detailed description, with each claim standing on its own as a separate embodiment of this invention.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (7)
1. An aluminum alloy material comprises copper, magnesium, silicon, iron, manganese, nickel, zinc and aluminum, and is characterized in that: the aluminum alloy material comprises the following components: 4 to 8 percent of copper, 3 to 5 percent of magnesium, 6 to 8 percent of silicon, 0.4 to 0.8 percent of iron, 0.6 to 1 percent of manganese, 3 to 7 percent of nickel, 2 to 5 percent of zinc and 70 to 75 percent of aluminum.
2. An aluminium alloy material according to claim 1, wherein: 6% of copper, 4% of magnesium, 7% of silicon, 0.6% of iron, 0.8% of manganese, 5% of nickel, 3.5% of zinc and 73% of aluminum.
3. An aluminium alloy material according to claim 1, wherein: the copper, magnesium, silicon, iron, manganese, nickel, zinc and aluminum are mixed and heated to a certain temperature, so that the copper, magnesium, silicon, iron, manganese, nickel, zinc and aluminum are completely melted and then cooled to form the alloy.
4. An aluminum alloy material according to claim 3, wherein: the range of the certain temperature is controlled to be 620-680 ℃.
5. The surface treatment method of an aluminum alloy material as set forth in any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising the steps of:
s1, surface deformation strengthening: strengthening the synthesized aluminum alloy material by throwing and spraying shot, spraying a large amount of shot moving at high speed onto the surface of the aluminum alloy material to enable the surface layer and the subsurface layer of the aluminum alloy material to form certain plastic deformation, performing rolling treatment on the aluminum alloy material strengthened by a shot blasting machine, rolling the processed surface of the aluminum alloy material by a freely rotating quenching steel roller to generate plastic deformation, flattening rough peaks on the surface of the aluminum alloy material, and strengthening and smoothing the surface of the aluminum alloy material;
s2, surface cleaning: immersing the aluminum alloy material into a special chemical solution, and polishing the surface of the part by utilizing the phenomenon that the dissolution speed of convex parts on the surface of the metal is higher than that of concave parts;
s3, surface heat treatment: the surface of the cleaned aluminum alloy material is firstly quenched, the workpiece is placed in a specific medium for heating and heat preservation, active atoms in the medium penetrate into the surface layer of the workpiece so as to change the chemical composition and the structure of the surface layer of the workpiece, and the surface layer is austenitized by rapid heating and then quenched so as to strengthen the surface of the aluminum alloy material under the condition of not changing the chemical composition and the core structure of the aluminum alloy material;
s4, strengthening the surface coating: coating one or more layers of other metals or nonmetals on the surface of the aluminum alloy material after heat treatment, heating metal powder to a molten or semi-molten state, atomizing the metal powder by using high-pressure airflow, and spraying the atomized metal powder on the surface of the aluminum alloy material to form a coating.
6. The surface treatment method of an aluminum alloy material according to claim 5, characterized in that: the surface coating-strengthened coating can also be formed by brushing, automatic dip coating, manual spraying, curtain coating, fluidized bed coating, roller coating, and electrostatic spraying.
7. The surface treatment method of an aluminum alloy material according to claim 5, characterized in that: the surface heat treatment heats the surface of the aluminum alloy material by using high-energy-density laser.
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| CN202010039121.2A CN111118359A (en) | 2020-01-14 | 2020-01-14 | Aluminum alloy material and surface treatment method thereof |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114934214A (en) * | 2022-06-07 | 2022-08-23 | 江苏嘉盈装饰新材料有限公司 | Processing method for improving strength and toughness of aluminum alloy material |
| CN116174268A (en) * | 2023-01-16 | 2023-05-30 | 南通大学 | Electrostatic spraying process of anticorrosive paint of environment-friendly equipment |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114934214A (en) * | 2022-06-07 | 2022-08-23 | 江苏嘉盈装饰新材料有限公司 | Processing method for improving strength and toughness of aluminum alloy material |
| CN116174268A (en) * | 2023-01-16 | 2023-05-30 | 南通大学 | Electrostatic spraying process of anticorrosive paint of environment-friendly equipment |
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