CN114933837A - 一种可膨胀石墨超疏水抗腐蚀涂层配方和涂层制备方法 - Google Patents

一种可膨胀石墨超疏水抗腐蚀涂层配方和涂层制备方法 Download PDF

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CN114933837A
CN114933837A CN202210706238.0A CN202210706238A CN114933837A CN 114933837 A CN114933837 A CN 114933837A CN 202210706238 A CN202210706238 A CN 202210706238A CN 114933837 A CN114933837 A CN 114933837A
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吴思伟
蒋全通
段继周
侯保荣
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Sanya China Academy Of Oceanography
South China Sea Institute of Oceanology of CAS
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种可膨胀石墨超疏水抗腐蚀涂层配方和涂层制备方法。可膨胀石墨超疏水抗腐蚀涂层配方,包括改性可膨胀石墨、改性纳米氧化锌、无水乙醇、环氧树脂和聚酰胺树脂。本发明通过调控可膨胀石墨的超疏水性能,在涂层液中加入改性的疏水性ZnO(粒径20~40nm)纳米颗粒,制备出具有优异耐腐蚀性能和超疏水性能的防腐蚀涂层,推动先进海洋材料在严酷服役环境中应用。

Description

一种可膨胀石墨超疏水抗腐蚀涂层配方和涂层制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及海洋腐蚀与防护的技术领域,具体涉及一种可膨胀石墨超疏水抗腐蚀涂层配方和涂层制备方法。
背景技术
可膨胀石墨是由鳞片石墨通过物理或者化学的方法处理后得到的具有疏松多孔的新型材料。其不仅保留了导电性、抗腐蚀、自润滑等性能,而且具备了其特有的吸附性好、柔软、压缩可回弹性等优良性能。正是由于上述这些独特的优点,近年来,可膨胀石墨被广泛应用于提高材料的导热性、力学性、耐热性、阻燃性、机械抗磨性能以及构建高效微波吸收杂化材料等方面。然而却有极少的研究其在海洋腐蚀与防护领域的应用,比如海洋材涂层的超疏水性能和抗腐蚀性能。而本发明正是基于可膨胀石墨的超疏水和防腐性能在海洋防护方面的研究,以便未来推动可膨胀石墨在海洋腐蚀与防护领域的发展。
近年来,生物仿生超疏水在保护各种金属及其合金免受腐蚀方面受到了广泛关注。由于超疏水涂层可以在涂层与基体的界面处捕获一层空气,从而减少涂层与腐蚀介质的接触面积和接触时间,因此在海洋金属腐蚀与防护方面制备超疏水涂层以减缓金属基体的腐蚀。而在超疏水涂层制备中常选择Al2O3,ZnO,SiO2,TiO2等无机纳米材料,赋予基材新的功能,如光催化、紫外线保护、抗菌、自洁等性能。其中,ZnO在光催化、杀菌等性能在环境和能源领域有着广泛的应用。此外,生物安全性、低成本和良好的稳定性,使其通过增加涂层表面粗糙度设计超疏水表面应用于超疏水涂层中。因此本发明利用其增加粗糙度等性能和可膨胀石墨二者相结合研发出超疏水防腐性能的涂层。本发明利用可膨胀石墨的超疏水性和防腐性能来制备抗腐蚀涂层,以来延长海洋材料的使用寿命。
发明内容
针对上述海洋常用材料碳钢、镁合金、铝合金材料耐腐蚀性能较差的问题,本发明提供了一种可膨胀石墨超疏水抗腐蚀涂层配方和涂层制备方法,通过该方法制备的可膨胀石墨与纳米粒子涂层具有优异的耐腐蚀性能和超疏水性能。
本发明的可膨胀石墨超疏水抗腐蚀涂层配方,其包括改性可膨胀石墨、改性纳米氧化锌、无水乙醇、环氧树脂和聚酰胺树脂。
优选,所述的可膨胀石墨超疏水抗腐蚀涂层配方是在每40ml无水乙醇中添加0.3g改性可膨胀石墨和0.15g改性纳米氧化锌,然后再加入溶解在1mL无水乙醇中的0.05g环氧树脂和0.025g聚酰胺树脂。
优选,所述的改性可膨胀石墨是在每20ml无水乙醇中添加0.3g可膨胀石墨、2mL硅酸乙酯、300μl十八烷基三甲氧基硅烷,37℃,搅拌12h后,加入2mL氨水,继续搅拌12h,进行离心、沉淀物60℃干燥,获得改性可膨胀石墨。
优选,所述的改性纳米氧化锌每20ml无水乙醇中添加0.15g纳米氧化锌、0.075g肉桂酸,37℃,搅拌12h后进行离心、沉淀物60℃干燥,获得改性纳米氧化锌。
所述的离心是5000rpm离心。
所述的环氧树脂是环氧树脂(E44)。
所述的聚酰胺树脂是聚酰胺树脂(650)。
本发明的第二个目的是提供一种可膨胀石墨超疏水抗腐蚀涂层的制备方法,其包括以下步骤:
A、对金属基体进行清洗预处理;
B、将预处理好的金属基体放置在烘箱中,在其表面喷涂环氧树脂,固化,采用滴涂的方式将涂层溶液滴涂在金属基体上,直至平铺均匀,再烘干。
优选,所述的金属基体可以是碳钢、镁合金、铝合金等材料。
优选,所述的对金属基体进行清洗预处理是先依次用水砂纸对金属基体表面进行打磨;然后依次用水和无水乙醇超声清洗;最后用去离子水清洗,热风吹干。
优选,所述的水砂纸是400#~2000#的水砂纸。
优选,所述的步骤B为将预处理好的金属基体放置在80℃烘箱中,首先在其表面喷涂环氧树脂,放置在80℃烘箱中固化10h,然后采用滴涂的方式用胶头滴管吸取2mL涂层溶液慢慢滴涂在8cm2金属基体上,直至平铺均匀,涂层制备完成后,将其在80℃烘箱中烘干10h。
本发明通过调控可膨胀石墨的超疏水性能,在涂层液中加入改性的疏水性ZnO(粒径20~40nm)纳米颗粒,制备出具有优异耐腐蚀性能和超疏水性能的防腐蚀涂层,推动先进海洋材料在严酷服役环境中应用。
附图说明
图1为实施例1中碳钢Q235表面所制备的可膨胀石墨涂层的超疏水按压水滴和疏水角图片。
图2为实施例1中碳钢Q235添加涂层前后电化学交流阻抗对比图,其中a是添加涂层前,b是添加涂层后。
图3为实施例1中碳钢Q235添加涂层前后盐雾试验对比图,其中(a)是添加涂层前,(b)是添加涂层后。
图4为实施例1中碳钢Q235添加涂层前后宏观腐蚀外观照片,其中(a)是添加涂层前,(b)是添加涂层后。
图5为实施例2中镁合金表面所制备的可膨胀石墨涂层的超疏水按压水滴和疏水角图片。
图6为实施例2中镁合金添加涂层前后电化学交流阻抗对比图,其中(a)是添加涂层前,(b)是添加涂层后。
图7为实施例2中镁合金添加涂层前后盐雾试验对比图,其中a是添加涂层前,b是添加涂层后。
图8为实施例2中镁合金添加涂层前后宏观腐蚀外观照片,其中(a)是添加涂层前,(b)是添加涂层后。
图9为实施例3中铝合金表面所制备的可膨胀石墨涂层的超疏水按压水滴和疏水角图片。
图10为实施例3中铝合金添加涂层前后电化学交流阻抗对比图,其中a是添加涂层前,b是添加涂层后。
图11为实施例3中铝合金添加涂层前后盐雾试验对比图,其中(a)是添加涂层前,(b)是添加涂层后。
图12为实施例3中铝合金添加涂层前后宏观腐蚀外观照片,其中(a)是添加涂层前,(b)是添加涂层后。
具体实施方式
下面通过具体实施例对本发明进行具体描述,在此指出以下实施例只用于对本发明进行进一步说明,不能理解为对本发明保护范围的限制,本领域的技术熟练人员可根据上述发明内容做出一些非本质的改进和调整。
以下实施例的优选,所述的改性可膨胀石墨是在每20ml无水乙醇中添加0.3g可膨胀石墨、2mL硅酸乙酯、300μl十八烷基三甲氧基硅烷,37℃,搅拌12h后,加入质量分数25%的2mL氨水,继续搅拌12h,5000rpm进行离心5min、沉淀物60℃干燥,获得改性可膨胀石墨。
优选,所述的改性纳米氧化锌每20ml无水乙醇中添加0.15g纳米氧化锌、0.075g肉桂酸,37℃,搅拌12h后,5000rpm进行离心5min、沉淀物60℃干燥,获得改性纳米氧化锌。
实施例1
(1)预处理:依次用400#~2000#的水砂纸对碳钢Q235表面进行打磨,抛光布抛光;然后依次用水和无水乙醇超声清洗;最后用去离子水清洗,热风吹干;
(2)配置涂层溶液:将0.3g改性可膨胀石墨、0.15g改性纳米氧化锌、40mL无水乙醇、1mL无水乙醇中的0.05g环氧树脂(E44)和0.025g聚酰胺树脂(650)混合均匀,得到涂层溶液。
(3)制备涂层:将预处理好的碳钢Q235基体放置在80℃烘箱中,首先在其8cm2表面喷涂10μl环氧树脂,放置在80℃烘箱中固化10h。然后采用滴涂的方式用胶头滴管吸取2mL涂层溶液慢慢滴涂在8cm2的基体上,直至平铺均匀。
(4)后处理:涂层制备完成后,将其在80℃烘箱中烘干10h后,取出放在密封袋里。
对碳钢Q235进行添加可膨胀石墨涂层后,对样品进行疏水角、腐蚀拍照和电化学腐蚀测试,以预处理后的碳钢Q235作为对照。由图1可见,在碳钢基体表面添加可膨胀石墨涂层后,按压水滴后,水滴依旧可完好,并且在弹落水滴后测得疏水角为156.2°,说明其具有超疏水性。由图2可见,经过添加涂层处理后,阻抗弧的半径明显增大(b),说明合金的耐腐蚀性能显著提高。由图3可知,在碳钢基体表面添加可膨胀石墨涂层后,金属基体表面的涂层依旧完好,形貌完整,未添加涂层的合金表面呈现腐蚀产物,对比明显。由图4可知,在碳钢基体表面添加可膨胀石墨涂层后,含有涂层的金属基体完好,未添加涂层的金属腐蚀较为严重。
实施例2
(1)预处理:依次用400#~2000#的水砂纸对镁合金表面进行打磨,抛光布抛光;然后依次用水和无水乙醇超声清洗;最后用去离子水清洗,热风吹干。
(2)配置涂层溶液:将40mL无水乙醇、0.3g改性可膨胀石墨、0.15g改性纳米氧化锌、1mL无水乙醇中的0.05g环氧树脂(E44)和0.025g聚酰胺树脂(650)混合均匀,即得涂层溶液。
(3)制备涂层:将预处理好的镁合金基体材料放置在80℃烘箱中,首先在其8cm2表面喷涂10μl环氧树脂,放置在80℃烘箱中固化10h。然后采用滴涂的方式用胶头滴管吸取2mL涂层溶液慢慢滴涂在8cm2基体上,直至平铺均匀。
(4)后处理:涂层制备完成后,将其在80℃烘箱中烘干10h后,取出放在密封袋里。
对镁合金进行添加可膨胀石墨涂层后,对样品进行疏水角、腐蚀拍照和电化学腐蚀测试,以预处理后的镁合金作为对照。由图5可见,在镁合金基体表面添加可膨胀石墨涂层后,按压水滴后,水滴依旧可完好,并且在弹落水滴后测得疏水角为157.1°,说明其具有超疏水性。由图6可见,经过添加涂层处理后,电化学测试阻抗弧的半径明显增大(b),说明合金的耐腐蚀性能显著提高。由图7可知,在镁合金基体表面添加可膨胀石墨涂层后,金属基体表面的涂层依旧完好,形貌完整,而未添加涂层则呈现腐蚀产物,对比明显。由图8可知,在镁合金基体表面添加可膨胀石墨涂层后,含有涂层的金属基体完好,未添加涂层的金属腐蚀较为严重。
实施例3
(1)预处理:依次用400#~2000#的水砂纸对铝合金表面进行打磨然后依次用水和无水乙醇超声清洗;最后用去离子水清洗,热风吹干。
(2)配置涂层溶液:
将40mL无水乙醇、0.3g改性可膨胀石墨、0.15g改性纳米氧化锌、1mL无水乙醇中的0.05g环氧树脂(E44)和0.025g聚酰胺树脂(650)混合均匀,即得涂层溶液。
(3)制备涂层:将预处理好的铝合金基体材料放置在80℃烘箱中,首先在其8cm2表面喷涂10μl环氧树脂,放置在80℃烘箱中固化10h。然后采用滴涂的方式用胶头滴管吸取2mL涂层溶液慢慢滴涂在8cm2基体上,直至平铺均匀。
(4)后处理:涂层制备完成后,将其在80℃烘箱中烘干10h后,取出放在密封袋里。
对铝合金进行添加可膨胀石墨涂层后,对样品进行疏水角、腐蚀拍照和电化学腐蚀测试,以预处理后的铝合金作为对照。由图9可见,在铝合金表面添加可膨胀石墨涂层后,按压水滴后,水滴依旧可完好,并且在弹落水滴后测得疏水角为153.6°,说明其具有超疏水性。由图10可见,经过添加涂层处理后,阻抗弧的半径明显增大(b),说明合金的耐腐蚀性能显著提高。由图11可知,在铝合金基体表面添加可膨胀石墨涂层后,金属基体表面的涂层依旧完好,形貌完整,而未添加涂层则呈现明显腐蚀产物,对比明显。由图12可知,在铝合金基体表面添加可膨胀石墨涂层后,含有涂层的金属基体完好,未添加涂层的金属腐蚀较为严重。

Claims (10)

1.一种可膨胀石墨超疏水抗腐蚀涂层配方,其特征在于,包括改性可膨胀石墨、改性纳米氧化锌、无水乙醇、环氧树脂和聚酰胺树脂。
2.根据权利要求1所述的可膨胀石墨超疏水抗腐蚀涂层配方,其特征在于,所述的可膨胀石墨超疏水抗腐蚀涂层配方是在每40ml无水乙醇中添加0.3g改性可膨胀石墨和0.15g改性纳米氧化锌,然后再加入溶解在1mL无水乙醇中的0.05g环氧树脂和0.025g聚酰胺树脂。
3.根据权利要求1所述的可膨胀石墨超疏水抗腐蚀涂层配方,其特征在于,所述的改性可膨胀石墨是在每20ml无水乙醇中添加0.3g可膨胀石墨、2mL硅酸乙酯、300μl十八烷基三甲氧基硅烷,37℃,搅拌12h后,加入2mL氨水,继续搅拌12h,进行离心、沉淀物60℃干燥,获得改性可膨胀石墨。
4.根据权利要求1所述的可膨胀石墨超疏水抗腐蚀涂层配方,其特征在于,所述的改性纳米氧化锌每20ml无水乙醇中添加0.15g纳米氧化锌、0.075g肉桂酸,37℃,搅拌12h后进行离心、沉淀物60℃干燥,获得改性纳米氧化锌。
5.根据权利要求1、2、3或4所述的可膨胀石墨超疏水抗腐蚀涂层配方,其特征在于,所述的环氧树脂是环氧树脂(E44);所述的聚酰胺树脂是聚酰胺树脂(650)。
6.一种可膨胀石墨超疏水抗腐蚀涂层的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
A、对金属基体进行清洗预处理;
B、将预处理好的金属基体放置在烘箱中,在其表面喷涂环氧树脂,固化,采用滴涂的方式滴涂权利要求1、2、3或4所述的涂层溶液在金属基体上,直至平铺均匀,再烘干。
7.根据权利要求6所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述的金属基体是碳钢、镁合金或铝合金。
8.根据权利要求6所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述的对金属基体进行清洗预处理是先依次用水砂纸对金属基体表面进行打磨;然后依次用水和无水乙醇超声清洗;最后用去离子水清洗,热风吹干。
9.根据权利要求8所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述的水砂纸是400#~2000#的水砂纸。
10.根据权利要求6所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述的步骤B为将预处理好的金属基体放置在80℃烘箱中,首先在其表面喷涂环氧树脂,放置在80℃烘箱中固化10h,然后采用滴涂的方式用胶头滴管吸取2mL涂层溶液慢慢滴涂在8cm2金属基体上,直至平铺均匀,涂层制备完成后,将其在80℃烘箱中烘干10h。
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