CN114932282B - Method for repairing rising segment crack of large and medium direct current motor - Google Patents
Method for repairing rising segment crack of large and medium direct current motor Download PDFInfo
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- CN114932282B CN114932282B CN202210460996.9A CN202210460996A CN114932282B CN 114932282 B CN114932282 B CN 114932282B CN 202210460996 A CN202210460996 A CN 202210460996A CN 114932282 B CN114932282 B CN 114932282B
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- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 title abstract description 11
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 117
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical group [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005476 soldering Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
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- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 13
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Abietic-Saeure Natural products C12CCC(C(C)C)=CC2=CCC2C1(C)CCCC2(C)C(O)=O RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical group [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N Rosin Natural products O(C/C=C/c1ccccc1)[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
- B23K1/0008—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering specially adapted for particular articles or work
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K3/00—Tools, devices, or special appurtenances for soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering, not specially adapted for particular methods
- B23K3/04—Heating appliances
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K3/00—Tools, devices, or special appurtenances for soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering, not specially adapted for particular methods
- B23K3/08—Auxiliary devices therefor
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Motors, Generators (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for repairing a lift-off segment fracture of a large and medium-sized direct current motor, and relates to the technical field of lift-off segment fracture repair. According to the method for repairing the fracture of the lifting piece of the large and medium direct current motor, a new lifting piece, a heater and a welding material are adopted to repair the fracture of the lifting piece on the reversing piece, the lifting piece is broken from the root, and the heater cannot directly heat the lower end of the new lifting piece. According to the method for repairing the fracture of the lifting piece of the large and medium direct current motor, the heater is used for alternately heating the reversing piece and the new lifting piece, the welding material at the welding position is heated to be molten in a heat conduction mode, welding is carried out, and the reversing piece and the new lifting piece are continuously and alternately heated in the welding process. According to the method for repairing the rising segment cracks of the large and medium direct current motor, the welding materials can be melted more uniformly by adopting an alternate heating mode, the cooling section is reduced after solidification, and the welding firmness is effectively improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of lifting piece fracture repair, in particular to a method for repairing lifting piece fracture of a large and medium-sized direct current motor.
Background
The direct current motor lifting piece fracture is a frequent problem in the use of the direct current motor, and due to the characteristics of large torque, stable operation and the like of the direct current motor, the direct current motor lifting piece fracture is widely applied to a steel rolling production line, has poor environment for a steel rolling mill, loads the motor, has high requirements on the operation stability of the production line, and has great importance in the production because of the fact that whether the rolling line motor can stably and normally operate, has great economic benefit and great failure and production stopping loss. The problem of the split of the lifting piece in the running process of the direct current motor is caused by the fact that the mechanical vibration, centrifugal force, thermal stress and electromagnetic force of the motor are combined to cause the split, in the production process, single-machine running conditions are common, the motor is heavy in load and torque sloshing, the slot gap of the armature iron core fixing shaft is enlarged, the key is worn and loosened, angle dislocation occurs, and in the frequent starting and braking states of the direct current motor, mechanical force is added to repeatedly impact, so that the key and a key slot are slightly loosened, and the root of the lifting piece of the reversing piece is fatigued and broken.
Before the maintenance method is applied, the maintenance problem of fracture of the lifting pieces is mainly thoroughly repaired, the method is to disassemble all the reversing pieces, replace and weld new lifting pieces, replace mica among the reversing pieces, reassemble round, and press fit the new reversing pieces. The method has complex process, and the process requirement precision of the round arrangement combination is very high, so that the overhaul is difficult, and the time and the labor are wasted.
Therefore, the applicant inherits the experience of the abundant design development and actual manufacturing in the related industry for many years, researches and improves the existing structure and the defects, and provides a method for repairing the rising segment crack of the large and medium direct current motor so as to achieve the purpose of higher practical value.
Disclosure of Invention
(one) solving the technical problems
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a large and medium-sized direct current motor lifting piece fracture repair method, which solves the following technical problems:
1. the method of thoroughly repairing the rising fragment fracture is time-consuming and labor-consuming;
2. the lifting piece is difficult to find a proper welding point due to smaller spacing;
3. because the heating point is adopted to continuously heat and weld, a cooling section is easy to generate in the middle of the welding material, and then the welding material is continuously broken due to the weak point at the welding position in the subsequent use.
(II) technical scheme
For the problem of narrow distance between the lifting sheets (as shown in figure 1), the selection of a welding method is critical, the insulating mica layers among the reversing sheets can be burnt out due to the fact that the welding gun is directly used for hard welding, and influences other lifting sheets, so that the welding is carried out by selecting tin welding, a common electric soldering iron with a tin welding heat source is difficult to be suitable, the reversing sheets are heated by adopting argon arc welding when 50A is adopted through multiple trial welding verification, the argon arc welding has a gas protection function in welding, damage to the insulating layers of a motor is reduced, solder on welding points is melted in a heat transfer mode, full melting of the solder is guaranteed, and therefore welding quality is guaranteed.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a method for repairing the crack of the lifting piece of a large and medium direct current motor adopts a new lifting piece, a heater and a welding material to repair the crack of the lifting piece on a reversing piece, wherein the lifting piece is broken from the root, and the heater can not directly heat the lower end of the new lifting piece due to smaller clearance of the lifting piece, and the method comprises the following steps:
welding the bottom of the new lifting piece:
fixing the bottom of the new lifting sheet with the reversing sheet, wherein the fixing mode is one of attaching and embedding;
the method comprises the steps of alternately heating a reversing sheet and a new lifting sheet by using a heater, heating a welding material at a welding position to be melted in a heat conduction mode, and welding, wherein the alternating heating is continuously carried out on the reversing sheet and the new lifting sheet in the welding process;
and (5) welding the bottom of the new lifting sheet and the reversing sheet.
Preferably, the heater is an argon arc welding machine.
Preferably, the solder material is solder.
Preferably, the heating temperature of the heater is greater than the melting point of the welding material and simultaneously less than the melting points of the new lifter plate and the commutator segments.
Preferably, the lifting tab breaks from the middle leaving a residual top, comprising the steps of:
welding the top of the new lifting sheet:
and welding the lower ends of the new lifting pieces and the residual lifting pieces.
Preferably, the root of the lifting piece remained on the surface of the reversing piece is removed before the new lifting piece is attached to the reversing piece.
Preferably, the heater heats the non-working area of the commutator segment.
Preferably, the heater heats the new riser at a distance of 20mm or less from the bottom.
Preferably, the welding process keeps the welding seam clean, and no welding bubbles and false welding exist.
Preferably, if the fixing mode of the bottom of the new lifting piece and the reversing piece is embedding, the surface of the reversing piece is grooved, and the bottom of the new lifting piece can be embedded in the groove.
(III) beneficial effects
The invention provides a method for repairing the rising segment crack of a large and medium direct current motor. The beneficial effects are as follows:
(1) According to the method for repairing the split of the lifting piece of the large and medium direct current motor, a new lifting piece is replaced, so that the process of disassembling and installing the whole reversing piece is avoided, and time and labor are saved.
(2) According to the method for repairing the crack of the rising piece of the large and medium direct current motor, the rising piece can be effectively welded by adopting a welding material with the melting point lower than that of the reversing piece, the rising piece and the mica sheet and selecting a heating point on the reversing piece and the rising piece.
(3) According to the method for repairing the rising segment cracks of the large and medium direct current motor, the welding materials can be melted more uniformly by adopting an alternate heating mode, the cooling section is reduced after solidification, and the welding firmness is effectively improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a photograph of an elevated fragment;
FIG. 2 is a photograph of a welding process;
FIG. 3 is a photograph after repair is completed;
FIG. 4 is a view of the location of the heating points of the new lift tab bottom weld;
FIG. 5 is a view of the new lift tab top attachment structure and the location of the heating points;
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a weld material after continuous heating using a single point;
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a weld material after alternating heating;
FIG. 8 is a graph showing the temperature of the temperature measuring point A with time in different heating modes;
fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a new riser bottom and commutator segment mosaic structure.
In fig. 4, 6 and 7, the bottom of the new lifting piece is attached to the surface of the reversing piece, but in order to highlight that the welding material will enter the gap between the bottom of the new lifting piece and the surface of the reversing piece, the gap is deliberately enlarged, and the state that the bottom end of the new lifting piece is located above the surface of the reversing piece rather than attached is not shown in fig. 6 and 7.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In the following examples and comparative examples, argon arc welding was used as a heater and soldering tin (pure tin was used as a welding material, a melting point of 232 ℃ was used as a welding material, copper alloy was used as a material for the commutator segments and the lifting pieces, 50A flame was used for argon arc welding, and mica plates were arranged between the commutator segments.
Example 1: the heating point of the reversing sheet is in a non-working area 50mm away from the bottom of the new lifting sheet, and the welding heating point of the bottom of the new lifting sheet is 20mm away from the bottom of the new lifting sheet
Welding the bottom of the new lifting piece:
slotting on the surface of the reversing sheet, embedding the bottom of the new lifting sheet in the slot (the embedding and fixing mode is selected to be more stable, but the technical effect can be realized by welding after the surface is attached), and fully coating the welding part with rosin water before soldering and welding to fully weld soldering tin;
the method comprises the steps of alternately heating a reversing sheet and a new lifting sheet by using a heater, heating a welding material at a welding position to be melted in a heat conduction mode, welding, firstly welding one side of the new lifting sheet, and then welding the other side of the new lifting sheet, wherein the reversing sheet and the new lifting sheet are continuously and alternately heated in the welding process, and the alternate heating time is 30s;
and (5) welding the bottom of the new lifting sheet and the surface of the reversing sheet.
The lifting sheet also has the form that the bottom is arranged on the reversing sheet through a key groove, and if the reversing sheet is in the structure, the bottom of the new lifting sheet is bonded with the key of the old lifting sheet and then welded.
Note that the time intervals of the alternate heating should be such that the temperature of the solder material (temperature measurement point a) is not lower than the melting point temperature of the solder material (fig. 8) during one time interval.
Comparative example 1: the heating point of the reversing sheet is in a non-working area 50mm away from the bottom of the new lifting sheet, and the welding heating point at the bottom of the new lifting sheet is 20mm away from the bottom of the new lifting sheet (continuous heating of the separated points)
Welding the bottom of the new lifting piece:
slotting on the surface of the reversing sheet, embedding the bottom of the new lifting sheet into the slot, and fully coating the welding part with rosin water before soldering to fully weld soldering tin;
continuously heating the heating point of the reversing sheet by using a heater, heating the welding material at the welding position to be melted in a heat conduction mode, welding, continuously heating the bottom welding heating point of the new lifting sheet after the welding of one side of the new lifting sheet is finished, heating the welding material at the welding position to be melted in a heat conduction mode, and welding the other side of the new lifting sheet;
and (5) welding the bottom of the new lifting sheet and the surface of the reversing sheet.
Comparative example 2: the heating point of the reversing sheet is in a non-working area 50mm away from the bottom of the new lifting sheet, and the welding heating point at the bottom of the new lifting sheet is 20mm away from the bottom of the new lifting sheet (two points are heated continuously at the same time)
Welding the bottom of the new lifting piece:
slotting on the surface of the reversing sheet, embedding the bottom of the new lifting sheet into the slot, and fully coating the welding part with rosin water before soldering to fully weld soldering tin;
continuously heating the reversing sheet heating point of the heater and the bottom welding heating point of the new lifting sheet at the same time, heating the welding material at the welding position to be molten in a heat conduction mode, welding, and firstly welding one side of the new lifting sheet and then welding the other side of the new lifting sheet;
and (5) welding the bottom of the new lifting sheet and the surface of the reversing sheet.
In order to avoid errors in the heating time period and the heating temperature, comparative example 1 and comparative example 2 have the same cumulative heating time as in example 1, and the highest temperature at the bottom end of the new lift tab is the same.
The following are comparative tables of the time periods of the repair site after repair of example 1, comparative example 2, and the fracture occurred again
Although the two sides of the metal plate are welded and fixed in comparative example 1, the continuous heating method is adopted to cause the temperature gradient at the bottom of the new lifting plate to continuously exist, and when the other side is welded and fixed, a cooling section (as shown in fig. 6) is formed again due to the existence of the temperature gradient (the metal internal stress caused by uneven heating can not be eliminated after the metal is cooled), so that the continuous working time of the two samples in comparative example 1 after repair is not longer than that of example 1.
Although the two-point simultaneous heating of comparative example 2 also solves the problem of cooling the section, the single person cannot almost finish the heating welding in the small space of the large and medium direct current motor due to the problems of space and the like, and then the commutator needs to be detached from the large and medium direct current motor for operation. For welding, the temperature of the bottom of the new lifting sheet is always higher than the melting point of the welding material due to heating, the welding material is not easy to solidify and form, and although the temperature of the heating point A is always higher than the melting point of the welding material in the alternative heating in fig. 8, in the time interval, the situation that the temperature approaches the melting point temperature exists, and the welding material is solidified locally (the bottom of the new lifting sheet or the surface of the reversing sheet) in a molten pool, so that the welding forming is facilitated.
The small space of the large and medium-sized dc motor is extremely disadvantageous for the implementation of comparative example 2, but if the technology that can heat two points simultaneously and can be operated by a single person in the small space of the large and medium-sized dc motor appears with the progress of the technology, it is still within the scope of the present invention if the two points still adopt the alternate heating mode.
Example 2: fracture of the lifting tab from the root and middle
The difference from example 1 is that: welding the top of the new lifting sheet:
and welding the lower ends of the new lifting pieces and the residual lifting pieces.
In example 2, there is a certain operation space at the position where the top welding is performed, so that the welding process is relatively simple, and any conventional welding method can be adopted.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the motor shaft core, the housing, the rotor and the stator are moved to the maintenance site before repair to clean and remove dust from each part of the motor in the above embodiments and comparative examples;
checking the insulation of the surface of the coil, if the coil has aging phenomena such as scratch, crack discoloration, embrittlement, falling off and the like, wrapping the insulation again and brushing insulating paint if necessary, and marking the broken part of the lifting piece of the reversing piece;
wrapping the lifting pieces with asbestos cloth, removing the root parts of the lifting pieces remained on the reversing pieces by using a saw blade, and cutting part lifting pieces (50 mm) so as to facilitate subsequent operation and welding;
embedding new lifting pieces, requiring the lifting pieces to be perpendicular to the reversing pieces, keeping the distance between the new lifting pieces and the old lifting pieces uniform, and eliminating position difference;
checking welded parts, eliminating residues and missing welding virtual welding spots, and treating welding finish;
and measuring the resistance between the reversing sheets after all welding is finished, assembling the motor after all data are qualified, and performing null test on the motor and recording data.
In summary, the method for repairing the split of the lifting piece of the large and medium direct current motor adopts the welding material with the melting point lower than that of the reversing piece and the lifting piece, and adopts the mode of selecting the heating point on the reversing piece and the lifting piece, so that the lifting piece can be effectively welded, and meanwhile, the welding material can be more uniformly melted by adopting the mode of alternately heating, the cooling section is reduced after solidification, and the welding firmness is effectively improved.
It should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, the positional or positional relation indicated by the terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", etc. are merely for convenience of describing the present invention based on the description of the present invention shown in the drawings, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the apparatus or element to be referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
The terms "first" and "second" in this technical solution are merely references to the same or similar structures, or corresponding structures that perform similar functions, and are not an arrangement of the importance of these structures, nor are they ordered, or are they of a comparative size, or other meaning.
In addition, unless explicitly stated and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., the connection may be a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communicated with the inside of two structures. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the specific meaning of the terms described above in this application may be understood in the light of the general inventive concept in connection with the present application.
Claims (8)
1. A method for repairing the fracture of a lifting piece of a large and medium direct current motor adopts a new lifting piece, a heater and welding materials to repair the fracture of the lifting piece on a reversing piece, and is characterized in that: the lifting piece breaks from the root, and the heater can not directly heat the lower end of the new lifting piece due to the small gap of the lifting piece, and the method comprises the following steps:
welding the bottom of the new lifting piece:
fixing the bottom of the new lifting sheet with the reversing sheet, wherein the fixing mode is one of attaching and embedding;
the method comprises the steps of alternately heating a reversing sheet and a new lifting sheet by using a heater, heating a welding material at a welding position to be melted in a heat conduction mode, and welding, wherein the alternating heating is continuously carried out on the reversing sheet and the new lifting sheet in the welding process;
welding the bottom of the new lifting piece and the reversing piece;
the heater is an argon arc welding machine, and the argon arc welding machine adopts 50A flame;
the welding material is soldering tin.
2. The method for repairing the lifting segment crack of the large and medium direct current motor according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the heating temperature of the heater is higher than the melting point of the welding material and is simultaneously lower than the melting points of the new lifting sheet and the reversing sheet.
3. The method for repairing the lifting segment crack of the large and medium direct current motor according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the lift tab breaks from the middle leaving a residual top, comprising the steps of:
welding the top of the new lifting sheet:
and welding the lower ends of the new lifting pieces and the residual lifting pieces.
4. The method for repairing the lifting segment crack of the large and medium direct current motor according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: and removing the root of the lifting piece remained on the surface of the reversing piece before the new lifting piece is attached to the reversing piece.
5. The method for repairing the lifting segment crack of the large and medium direct current motor according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the heater heats the non-working area of the commutator segment.
6. The method for repairing the lifting segment crack of the large and medium direct current motor according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the heater heats the new lift tab at a distance of 20mm or less from the bottom.
7. A method for repairing the lifting segment crack of a large and medium direct current motor according to claim 1 or 3, which is characterized in that: the welding seam is kept clean during welding, and no welding bubbles and false welding can be caused.
8. The method for repairing the lifting segment crack of the large and medium direct current motor according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: when the fixing mode of the bottom of the new lifting piece and the reversing piece is embedding, the surface of the reversing piece is grooved, and the bottom of the new lifting piece can be embedded in the groove.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210460996.9A CN114932282B (en) | 2022-04-28 | 2022-04-28 | Method for repairing rising segment crack of large and medium direct current motor |
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| CN202210460996.9A CN114932282B (en) | 2022-04-28 | 2022-04-28 | Method for repairing rising segment crack of large and medium direct current motor |
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| CN114932282B true CN114932282B (en) | 2024-02-02 |
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