CN114922565A - Reverse circulation percussion drill and percussion drill construction method - Google Patents
Reverse circulation percussion drill and percussion drill construction method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114922565A CN114922565A CN202210642793.1A CN202210642793A CN114922565A CN 114922565 A CN114922565 A CN 114922565A CN 202210642793 A CN202210642793 A CN 202210642793A CN 114922565 A CN114922565 A CN 114922565A
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- winch
- hammer head
- slag
- drilling
- discharging mechanism
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 238000009527 percussion Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 241000251131 Sphyrna Species 0.000 claims abstract 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003116 impacting effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/04—Directional drilling
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B21/00—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
- E21B21/01—Arrangements for handling drilling fluids or cuttings outside the borehole, e.g. mud boxes
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B21/00—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
- E21B21/06—Arrangements for treating drilling fluids outside the borehole
- E21B21/063—Arrangements for treating drilling fluids outside the borehole by separating components
- E21B21/065—Separating solids from drilling fluids
- E21B21/066—Separating solids from drilling fluids with further treatment of the solids, e.g. for disposal
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B27/00—Containers for collecting or depositing substances in boreholes or wells, e.g. bailers, baskets or buckets for collecting mud or sand; Drill bits with means for collecting substances, e.g. valve drill bits
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B4/00—Drives for drilling, used in the borehole
- E21B4/06—Down-hole impacting means, e.g. hammers
- E21B4/14—Fluid operated hammers
Abstract
The application provides a reverse circulation percussion drill and a construction method thereof, wherein a control mechanism, a main winch, an auxiliary winch, a drilling tower and a slag discharging mechanism are sequentially arranged on the upper surface of a frame at intervals; one end of the main winch penetrates through the drilling tower and is in transmission connection with the hammer head, and the main winch is used for driving the hammer head to drill in a reciprocating cycle in the vertical direction; one end of the auxiliary winch penetrates through the drilling tower and is in transmission connection with one end of the slag discharging mechanism, and the auxiliary winch is used for lifting one end of the slag discharging mechanism; one end of the slag discharging mechanism can slidably penetrate through the top bottom of the hammer head and is used for pumping slag in a construction hole formed by the impact of the hammer head; the control mechanism is respectively electrically connected with the main winch and the auxiliary winch and is used for controlling the operation of the main winch and the auxiliary winch and controlling the operation of the drilling and deslagging mechanism of the hammer head so as to ensure that drilling footage and deslagging are synchronously carried out. The device integrates the functions of automatic hammerhead footage and synchronous slag discharge of the mud pipe, realizes the effect of automatic slag discharge of the percussion drill in the continuous drilling process, and improves the working efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of underground foundation construction equipment, in particular to a reverse circulation impact drilling machine and an impact drilling machine construction method.
Background
The percussion drill is widely applied to the construction of forming holes on bridge pier columns and forming grooves on underground diaphragm walls under the condition of hard stratum, and the existing percussion drill can not discharge dregs and broken stones in time in the footage process, so that the hammer can be clamped and the construction efficiency can be reduced. Therefore, in order to remove the slag and the broken stones in the construction process, the hammer head needs to be removed from the hole every time the percussion drill enters a certain depth, then the mud pipe is deeply inserted into the hole to remove the slag, and the hammer head is placed into the hole to continue drilling construction after the slag removal is finished. The process is repeated until the construction is finished. Thus, the construction speed is seriously influenced, and meanwhile, construction accidents are easily caused by hole collapse. Therefore, it is urgently needed to develop an automatic percussion drill capable of synchronously discharging slag in the footage process.
Disclosure of Invention
One of the purposes of the application is to provide a reverse circulation impact drilling machine and a construction method of the impact drilling machine, so as to solve the problem that the existing impact drilling machine is low in construction efficiency.
The technical scheme of the application is as follows:
a reverse circulation percussion drill comprises a frame, a drilling tower, a main winch, an auxiliary winch, a hammer, a slag discharge mechanism and a control mechanism; the control mechanism, the main winch, the auxiliary winch, the drilling tower and the slag discharging mechanism are sequentially arranged on the upper surface of the rack at intervals; one end of the main winch passes through the drilling tower and is in transmission connection with the hammer head, and the main winch is used for driving the hammer head to drill in a reciprocating and circulating mode in the vertical direction; one end of the auxiliary winch passes through the drill tower and is in transmission connection with one end of the slag discharging mechanism, and one end of the auxiliary winch is used for lifting; one end of the slag discharging mechanism can slidably penetrate through the top bottom of the hammer head and is used for pumping slag in a construction hole formed by the impact of the hammer head; the control mechanism is respectively electrically connected with the main winch and the auxiliary winch and is used for controlling the operation of the main winch and the auxiliary winch and controlling the drilling of the hammer head and the operation of the slag discharging mechanism so as to ensure that the drilling footage and the slag discharging are synchronously carried out.
According to the technical scheme, the upper part of the drilling tower is hinged to one end of a hydraulic oil cylinder, and the other end of the hydraulic oil cylinder is hinged to a pulley block on the drilling tower and used for driving the pulley block to lift; a first steel wire rope on the main winch bypasses the pulley block and is in transmission connection with the hammer head; the main winch and the hydraulic oil cylinder are used for driving the hammer head to drill in a reciprocating cycle in the vertical direction.
As a technical scheme of the application, the slag discharging mechanism comprises a mud pipe, a sand and stone pump, a clear water filling pump, a three-way valve and a mud and sand separator; one end of the mud pipe is connected with an inlet of the gravel pump, and the other end of the mud pipe can slidably penetrate through the top bottom of the hammer head; a first pipe orifice of the three-way valve is connected to a water outlet of the gravel pump, a second pipe orifice of the three-way valve is connected to the clear water filling pump pipe through a first connecting pipeline, and a third pipe orifice of the three-way valve is connected to the sediment separator through a second connecting pipeline and is used for controlling the connection and disconnection between the clear water filling pump and the sediment separator; the clean water filling pump is used for starting water injection of the gravel pump; when the sand and stone pump starts to inject water, the three-way valve enables the clean water filling pump to be communicated with the sand and stone pump, and enables a pipeline on the sediment separator to be closed; and after the water injection of the sand and stone pump is finished, the three-way valve enables the clear water filling pump to be closed, and opens the pipeline of the sediment separator, so that the slag discharging mechanism discharges slag.
As a technical scheme of this application, the second wire rope that vice winding was raised passes around the fixed pulley at drilling tower top to with install clamp on the mud pipe is articulated, in order to stimulate the mud pipe goes up and down.
As a technical solution of the present application, the control mechanism includes a first sensor installed on the main winch, a second sensor installed on the auxiliary winch, a PLC controller, and a touch screen; the PLC is electrically connected with the first sensor, the second sensor and the touch screen respectively; the first sensor is used for measuring the length of a first steel wire rope on the main winch in real time and transmitting a measured signal to the PLC; the second sensor is used for measuring the length of a second steel wire rope on the auxiliary winch in real time and transmitting a measured signal to the PLC; the PLC controller controls the operation of the main winch and the auxiliary winch so as to ensure that the hammer head drilling footage and the slag discharging mechanism synchronously discharge slag; the touch screen is used for monitoring the working state of the reverse circulation percussion drill.
As a technical scheme of this application, still install the power station in the frame, and the crawler is installed to the bottom, the power station with crawler drive is connected, is used for the drive reverse circulation percussion drill walking.
A construction method of a percussion drill adopts the reverse circulation percussion drill, and comprises the following steps:
firstly, arranging a construction site according to hydrological and geological conditions of a project site and the transportation conditions of machines, tools, equipment, power and materials, flattening the site and removing impurities; then, setting pile positions according to a design drawing, wherein each pile position is provided with a cross pile guard for checking; then, construction lofting is carried out, and a pile casing is embedded, wherein the top end of the pile casing is not less than 0.3m higher than the ground;
secondly, assembling the frame on site, and placing a slag discharging mechanism near the frame; placing the hammer head at a construction hole, and starting the auxiliary winch to enable one end of a slurry pipe on the slag discharging mechanism to penetrate through the hammer head and extend into the construction hole; placing a plurality of clay in the protective cylinder before opening the hole, and when the hammer head drills for 0.5-1 m, backfilling clay or injecting slurry into the protective cylinder to drill the hole continuously in a low stroke mode, and repeating the operation for a plurality of times; after the hammer is drilled to be 3-4 meters below the bottom of the protective cylinder, normally impacting the hammer head;
step three, in the process of punching by using the hammer head, adjusting the specific gravity of the slurry according to the geological change of the stratum to ensure that the pore wall is stable in the drilling process, and always keeping the water level in the construction pore 1.5-2 m higher than the underground water level and 0.3m lower than the top surface of the pile casing; and starting the slag discharging mechanism to synchronously pump slag in the impact process, pumping and discharging the slurry and slag in the construction hole to the adjacent slag discharging mechanism, reflowing the treated slurry into the construction hole, and performing cyclic reciprocating in the way to finally form the hole.
The beneficial effect of this application:
according to the reverse circulation percussion drill and the construction method of the percussion drill, the control mechanism can measure and control the hammer head feed distance in real time, so that the impact speed and the drilling depth are automatically controlled, and the reverse circulation percussion drill can automatically work in an unmanned manner. The automatic footage of the hammer head and the synchronous deslagging function of the mud pipe are integrated, automatic deslagging of the reverse circulation percussion drill in the continuous drilling process is achieved, the working efficiency is improved, and meanwhile the risk of hole collapse caused by shutdown deslagging is avoided.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some examples of the present application and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and that those skilled in the art can also derive other related drawings based on these drawings without inventive effort.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a reverse cycle percussion drill provided in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a first angular schematic view of a reverse cycle percussion drill provided in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a second angular schematic view of a reverse cycle percussion drill according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a third angled schematic view of a reverse circulation percussion drill according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 5 is a schematic view of a slag discharging mechanism provided in an embodiment of the present application.
An icon: 1-a frame; 2-a drilling tower; 3, main hoisting; 4-auxiliary winding; 5-a hammer head; 6-a control mechanism; 7-a power station; 8-a hydraulic oil cylinder; 9-a pulley block; 10-a first wire rope; 11-a mud pipe; 12-sand pump; 13-clear water filling pump; 14-a three-way valve; 15-a silt separator; 16-a slag discharge mechanism; 17-a second wire rope; 18-a fixed pulley; 19-a clamp; 20-a first sensor; 21-a second sensor; 22-a track; 23-a PLC controller; 24-touch screen.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present application, as generally described and illustrated in the figures herein, could be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application, presented in the accompanying drawings, is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the application. All other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments in the present application without making any creative effort belong to the protection scope of the present application.
It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined or explained in subsequent figures.
In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", and the like refer to orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings or orientations or positional relationships that the products of the present invention are conventionally placed in use, and are used for convenience in describing the present application and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present application.
Further, in the present application, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the first feature may be directly contacting the second feature or may be directly contacting the second feature, or the first and second features may be contacted with each other through another feature therebetween, not directly contacting the second feature. Also, the first feature may be over, above or on the second feature including the first feature being directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being below, beneath or beneath a second feature includes the first feature being directly below and obliquely below the second feature or simply indicating that the first feature is at a lesser level than the second feature.
Furthermore, the terms "horizontal", "vertical" and the like do not imply that the components are required to be absolutely horizontal or pendant, but rather may be slightly inclined. For example, "horizontal" merely means that the direction is more horizontal than "vertical" and does not mean that the structure must be perfectly horizontal, but may be slightly inclined.
In the description of the present application, it is also to be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "disposed," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood in a specific case by those of ordinary skill in the art.
Example (b):
referring to fig. 1 and fig. 2 to 5, the present application provides a reverse circulation percussion drill, which mainly includes a frame 1, a drilling tower 2, a main winch 3, an auxiliary winch 4, a hammer 5, a slag discharge mechanism 16 and a control mechanism 6; wherein, the control mechanism 6, the main winch 3, the auxiliary winch 4, the drilling tower 2 and the slag discharging mechanism 16 are sequentially arranged on the upper surface of the frame 1 at intervals; meanwhile, one end of the main winch 3 penetrates through the drilling tower 2 and is in transmission connection with the hammer 5, and the main winch is used for driving the hammer 5 to drill in a reciprocating cycle in the vertical direction; in addition, one end of the auxiliary winch 4 passes through the drilling tower 2 and is in transmission connection with one end of the slag discharging mechanism 16, and the auxiliary winch is used for lifting one end of the slag discharging mechanism 16; one end of the slag discharging mechanism 16 can slidably penetrate through the top bottom of the hammer head 5 and is used for pumping slag in a construction hole formed by the impact of the hammer head 5; the control mechanism 6 is respectively electrically connected with the main winch 3 and the auxiliary winch 4 and is used for controlling the operation of the main winch 3 and the auxiliary winch 4 and controlling the operation of the drilling and deslagging mechanism 16 of the hammer 5 so as to ensure that drilling footage and deslagging are synchronously carried out.
Furthermore, the upper part of the drilling tower 2 is hinged to one end of a hydraulic oil cylinder 8, the other end of the hydraulic oil cylinder 8 is hinged to a pulley block 9 on the drilling tower 2, and when a piston on the hydraulic oil cylinder 8 stretches, the pulley block 9 is driven to vertically lift. Meanwhile, a first steel wire rope 10 on the main winch 3 bypasses the pulley block 9 and is in transmission connection with the hammer 5; and the main winch 3 and the hydraulic oil cylinder 8 are used for driving the hammer 5 to drill in a reciprocating cycle in the vertical direction. Under the combined action of the main winch 3 and the hydraulic oil cylinder 8, the first steel wire rope 10 drives the hammer head 5 to reciprocate in the vertical direction, so that the impact motion of the hammer head 5 is realized.
In this embodiment, the main winch 3 may adopt a double-drum differential winch.
Further, the slag discharging mechanism 16 comprises a mud pipe 11, a sand pump 12, a clear water filling pump 13, a three-way valve 14 and a silt separator 15; one end of the mud pipe 11 is connected with an inlet of the gravel pump 12, the other end of the mud pipe slidably penetrates through the top and the bottom of the hammer head 5, and the mud pipe 11 and the hammer head 5 can slide relatively; meanwhile, a first pipe orifice of the three-way valve 14 is connected to a water outlet of the sand pump 12, a second pipe orifice is connected to the clean water filling pump 13 pipe through a first connecting pipeline, and a third pipe orifice is connected to the silt separator 15 through a second connecting pipeline, so that the on-off between the clean water filling pump 13 and the silt separator 15 can be controlled. The clear water filling pump 13 is used for starting water injection of the gravel pump 12; when the water injection is started, the three-way valve 14 enables the clear water filling pump 13 to be communicated with the sand and stone pump 12, and simultaneously closes a pipeline of the sand and stone separator 15, so that the sand and stone pump 12 is started; after the sand pump 12 is started, the handle on the three-way valve 14 is rotated, the pipeline of the clear water filling pump 13 is closed, and meanwhile, the sand separator 15 is communicated with the sand pump 12, so that the circulating sludge discharge is realized.
In addition, a second wire rope 17 on the secondary winch 4 passes through a fixed pulley 18 at the top of the drilling tower 2 and is hinged with a clamp 19 installed on the mud pipe 11 to pull the mud pipe 11 up and down. When the secondary winch 4 receives and releases the second steel wire rope 17, the mud pipe 11 is pulled to ascend or descend.
Further, the control mechanism 6 includes a first sensor 20 mounted on the main hoist 3, a second sensor 21 mounted on the auxiliary hoist 4, a PLC controller 23, and a touch screen 24; the PLC controller 23 is electrically connected to the first sensor 20, the second sensor 21, and the touch screen 24; meanwhile, the first sensor 20 is used for measuring the length of the first steel wire rope 10 on the main winch 3 in real time and transmitting a measured signal to the PLC controller 23; the second sensor 21 is used for measuring the length of the second steel wire rope 17 on the auxiliary winch 4 in real time and transmitting a measured signal to the PLC controller 23; the PLC 23 controls the operation of the main winch 3 and the auxiliary winch 4, so that the drilling footage of the hammer 5 and the sludge pipe 11 synchronously discharge the sludge; also, the touch screen 24 is used to monitor the operating conditions of the reverse cycle hammer drill.
In addition, the frame 1 is a bearing structural member of the reverse circulation percussion drill, the bottom of the frame 1 is provided with a crawler 22, a vertical truss fixed at the front end of the frame 1 is a drilling tower 2, the middle of the frame 1 is provided with a main winch 3, an auxiliary winch 4 and a control mechanism 6, and the rear end of the frame 1 is provided with a power station 7. The power station 7 is in transmission connection with the crawler 22 and is used for driving the reverse circulation impact drilling machine to walk. The power station 7 provides hydraulic power for the device, and the crawler tracks 22 are driven to walk through the hydraulic power. And the hydraulic power provided by the power station 7 also drives the hydraulic oil cylinder 8 to move.
It should be noted that the power station 7 and the crawler 22 are both of the prior art structure, and the detailed structure and operation principle thereof are not described herein.
When the device is used, the frame 1 and the slag discharging mechanism 16 are firstly placed near a construction area. The power station 7 is started and the crawler 22 is operated to adjust the reverse circulation percussion drill to a proper construction position according to actual conditions. And starting the main winch 3, placing the hammer 5 into a pier pile hole or a groove section of the diaphragm wall, and starting the auxiliary winch 4 to stretch one end of the slurry pipe 11 into a hole in the middle of the hammer 5. Then, the slag discharging mechanism 16 is started, the impact speed and the depth of penetration of the hammer 5 are set through the touch screen 24, and the percussion drill can automatically work. In the working process, the PLC 23 controls the operation of the main winch 3 and the auxiliary winch 4 according to signals fed back by the first sensor 20 and the second sensor 21 in real time, so that automatic drilling and synchronous slag discharge are realized.
In addition, the embodiment also provides a construction method of the percussion drill, which mainly adopts the reverse circulation percussion drill to carry out construction; the method mainly comprises the following steps:
firstly, arranging a construction site according to hydrological and geological conditions of a project site and the transportation conditions of machines, tools, equipment, power and materials, flattening the site and removing impurities; then, setting pile positions according to a design drawing, wherein each pile position is provided with a cross pile guard for checking; then construction lofting is carried out, and a pile casing is embedded, wherein the top end of the pile casing is higher than the ground by not less than 0.3 m;
secondly, assembling the frame 1 on site, and placing the slag discharge mechanism 16 near the frame 1; placing a hammer 5 at a construction hole, starting an auxiliary winch 4, and enabling one end of a slurry pipe 11 on a slag discharging mechanism 16 to penetrate through the hammer 5 and extend into the construction hole; placing a plurality of clay in the protective cylinder before opening the hole, and when the hammer 5 drills into the hole for 0.5-1 m, backfilling clay or injecting slurry into the protective cylinder to drill the hole continuously in a low stroke mode, and repeating the operation for a plurality of times; after the drill reaches 3-4 meters below the bottom of the pile casing, normally impacting the hammer 5;
step three, in the process of impacting and forming the hole by the hammer 5, adjusting the specific gravity of the slurry according to the geological change of the stratum, ensuring the stability of the hole wall in the drilling process, and always keeping the water level in the construction hole higher than the underground water level by 1.5-2 m and lower than the top surface of the pile casing by 0.3 m; and starting the slag discharging mechanism 16 to synchronously pump slag in the impact process, pumping and discharging the slurry and slag in the construction hole into the slag discharging mechanism 16 beside, reflowing the treated slurry into the construction hole, and performing cyclic reciprocating in the way to finally form the hole.
In conclusion, in the reverse circulation percussion drill and the construction method of the percussion drill, the control mechanism 6 can measure and control the length of the hammer 5 in real time, so that the impact speed and the drilling depth are automatically controlled, and the reverse circulation percussion drill can automatically work without people. The automatic footage of the hammer head 5 and the synchronous deslagging function of the mud pipe 11 are integrated, so that automatic deslagging of the reverse circulation impact drilling machine in the continuous drilling process is realized, the working efficiency is improved, and the risk of hole collapse caused by shutdown deslagging is avoided.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, and various modifications and changes may be made to the present application by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (7)
1. A reverse circulation percussion drill is characterized by comprising a frame, a drilling tower, a main winch, an auxiliary winch, a hammer head, a slag discharge mechanism and a control mechanism; the control mechanism, the main winch, the auxiliary winch, the drilling tower and the slag discharging mechanism are sequentially arranged on the upper surface of the rack at intervals; one end of the main winch passes through the drilling tower and is in transmission connection with the hammer head, and the main winch is used for driving the hammer head to drill in a reciprocating and circulating mode in the vertical direction; one end of the auxiliary winch passes through the drill tower and is in transmission connection with one end of the slag discharging mechanism, and one end of the slag discharging mechanism is used for lifting; one end of the slag discharging mechanism can slidably penetrate through the top bottom of the hammer head and is used for pumping slag in a construction hole formed by the impact of the hammer head; the control mechanism is respectively electrically connected with the main winch and the auxiliary winch and is used for controlling the operation of the main winch and the auxiliary winch and controlling the drilling of the hammer head and the operation of the slag discharging mechanism so as to ensure that the drilling footage and the slag discharging are synchronously carried out.
2. The reverse circulation percussion drill according to claim 1, wherein the upper part of the drilling tower is hinged to one end of a hydraulic oil cylinder, and the other end of the hydraulic oil cylinder is hinged to a pulley block on the drilling tower and used for driving the pulley block to lift; a first steel wire rope on the main winch bypasses the pulley block and is in transmission connection with the hammer head; the main winch and the hydraulic oil cylinder are used for driving the hammer head to drill in a reciprocating cycle in the vertical direction.
3. The reverse circulation percussion drill according to claim 1, wherein the slag discharge mechanism comprises a mud pipe, a sand pump, a clean water filling pump, a three-way valve and a sand separator; one end of the mud pipe is connected with an inlet of the gravel pump, and the other end of the mud pipe can slidably penetrate through the top bottom of the hammer head; a first pipe orifice of the three-way valve is connected to a water outlet of the gravel pump, a second pipe orifice of the three-way valve is connected to the clear water filling pump pipe through a first connecting pipeline, and a third pipe orifice of the three-way valve is connected to the sediment separator through a second connecting pipeline and is used for controlling the connection and disconnection between the clear water filling pump and the sediment separator; the clean water filling pump is used for starting water injection of the gravel pump; when the sand pump starts to inject water, the three-way valve enables the clear water filling pump to be communicated with the sand pump, and enables a pipeline on the silt separator to be closed; and after the water injection of the sand and stone pump is finished, the three-way valve enables the clear water filling pump to be closed, and opens the pipeline of the sediment separator, so that the slag discharging mechanism discharges slag.
4. The reverse circulation percussion drill according to claim 3, wherein the second wire rope on the secondary winch passes through a fixed sheave at the top of the drill tower and is hinged to a clamp mounted on the mud pipe to pull the mud pipe up and down.
5. The reverse cycle percussion drill according to claim 1, wherein the control mechanism comprises a first sensor mounted on the primary winch, a second sensor mounted on the secondary winch, a PLC controller and a touch screen; the PLC is electrically connected with the first sensor, the second sensor and the touch screen respectively; the first sensor is used for measuring the length of a first steel wire rope on the main winch in real time and transmitting a measured signal to the PLC; the second sensor is used for measuring the length of a second steel wire rope on the auxiliary winch in real time and transmitting a measured signal to the PLC; the PLC controller controls the operation of the main winch and the auxiliary winch so as to ensure that the hammer head drilling footage and the slag discharging mechanism synchronously discharge slag; the touch screen is used for monitoring the working state of the reverse circulation percussion drill.
6. The reverse circulation impact drill according to claim 1, wherein a power station is further mounted on the frame, a crawler is mounted at the bottom of the frame, and the power station is in transmission connection with the crawler and used for driving the reverse circulation impact drill to walk.
7. A percussion drill construction method, characterized in that a reverse-circulation percussion drill according to any one of claims 1 to 6 is used, comprising the steps of:
firstly, arranging a construction site according to hydrological and geological conditions of a project site and the transportation conditions of machines, tools, equipment, power and materials, flattening the site and removing impurities; then, setting pile positions according to a design drawing, wherein each pile position is provided with a cross pile guard for checking; then construction lofting is carried out, and a pile casing is embedded, wherein the top end of the pile casing is higher than the ground by not less than 0.3 m;
secondly, assembling the frame on site, and placing a slag discharging mechanism near the frame; placing the hammer head at a construction hole, and starting the auxiliary winch to enable one end of a slurry pipe on the slag discharging mechanism to penetrate through the hammer head and extend into the construction hole; placing more clay in the protective cylinder before opening holes, backfilling clay or injecting slurry into the protective cylinder when the hammerhead drills for 0.5-1 m, and continuously drilling holes with a low stroke, and repeating the operation for multiple times; after the hammer is drilled to be 3-4 meters below the bottom of the protective cylinder, normally impacting the hammer head;
step three, in the process of punching by using the hammer head, adjusting the specific gravity of the slurry according to the geological change of the stratum to ensure that the pore wall is stable in the drilling process, and always keeping the water level in the construction pore 1.5-2 m higher than the underground water level and 0.3m lower than the top surface of the pile casing; and starting a slag discharging mechanism to synchronously pump slag in the impact process, pumping the slurry and the slag in the construction hole to the slag discharging mechanism beside, reflowing the treated slurry into the construction hole, and performing cyclic reciprocating in the way to finally form the hole.
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| CN202210642793.1A CN114922565B (en) | 2022-06-08 | 2022-06-08 | Reverse circulation percussion drill and construction method thereof |
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| CN202210642793.1A CN114922565B (en) | 2022-06-08 | 2022-06-08 | Reverse circulation percussion drill and construction method thereof |
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| CN114922565B (en) | 2023-07-14 |
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