CN114922565B - Reverse circulation percussion drill and construction method thereof - Google Patents
Reverse circulation percussion drill and construction method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114922565B CN114922565B CN202210642793.1A CN202210642793A CN114922565B CN 114922565 B CN114922565 B CN 114922565B CN 202210642793 A CN202210642793 A CN 202210642793A CN 114922565 B CN114922565 B CN 114922565B
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 238000009527 percussion Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/04—Directional drilling
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B21/00—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
- E21B21/01—Arrangements for handling drilling fluids or cuttings outside the borehole, e.g. mud boxes
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B21/00—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
- E21B21/06—Arrangements for treating drilling fluids outside the borehole
- E21B21/063—Arrangements for treating drilling fluids outside the borehole by separating components
- E21B21/065—Separating solids from drilling fluids
- E21B21/066—Separating solids from drilling fluids with further treatment of the solids, e.g. for disposal
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B27/00—Containers for collecting or depositing substances in boreholes or wells, e.g. bailers, baskets or buckets for collecting mud or sand; Drill bits with means for collecting substances, e.g. valve drill bits
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B4/00—Drives for drilling, used in the borehole
- E21B4/06—Down-hole impacting means, e.g. hammers
- E21B4/14—Fluid operated hammers
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
The application provides a reverse circulation percussion drill and a construction method of the percussion drill, wherein a control mechanism, a main winch, an auxiliary winch, a drilling tower and a slag discharging mechanism are sequentially arranged on the upper surface of a frame at intervals; one end of the main winch penetrates through the drilling tower and is in transmission connection with the hammer head, and is used for driving the hammer head to drill in a reciprocating cycle in the vertical direction; one end of the auxiliary winch passes through the drill tower and is in transmission connection with one end of the slag discharging mechanism, and is used for lifting one end of the slag discharging mechanism; one end of the slag discharging mechanism can slidably pass through the top and bottom of the hammer head and is used for pumping and discharging slag in a construction hole formed by the impact of the hammer head; the control mechanism is electrically connected with the main winch and the auxiliary winch respectively and is used for controlling the operation of the main winch and the auxiliary winch and controlling the operation of the drilling and deslagging mechanism of the hammer head so as to enable the drilling footage and deslagging to be carried out synchronously. The device integrates the functions of automatic feeding of the hammer head and synchronous deslagging of the slurry pipe, achieves the effect of automatic deslagging of the percussion drill in the continuous drilling process, and improves the working efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of underground foundation construction equipment, in particular to a reverse circulation percussion drill and a percussion drill construction method.
Background
The impact drilling machine is widely applied to bridge pier column pore-forming and diaphragm wall grooving construction under the hard stratum condition, and as the existing impact drilling machine can not timely discharge dregs and broken stones in the process of footage, the impact drilling machine can cause blocking hammer and reduce construction efficiency. Therefore, in order to remove the dregs and broken stone in the construction process, the hammer head needs to be removed from the hole when the impact drilling machine enters the ruler for a certain depth, then the mud pipe is placed into the hole to remove the dregs, and the hammer head is placed into the hole to continue drilling construction after the dregs are removed. And repeatedly carrying out the steps until the construction is finished. Thus, the construction speed is seriously influenced, and meanwhile, the construction accident is easily caused by hole collapse. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop an automatic percussion drill capable of synchronously discharging slag during the feeding process.
Disclosure of Invention
One of the purposes of the application is to provide a reverse circulation percussion drill and a construction method of the percussion drill, so as to solve the problem of low construction efficiency of the existing percussion drill.
The technical scheme of the application is as follows:
a reverse circulation percussion drill comprises a frame, a drilling tower, a main winch, an auxiliary winch, a hammer head, a slag discharging mechanism and a control mechanism; the control mechanism, the main winch, the auxiliary winch, the drilling tower and the slag discharging mechanism are sequentially arranged on the upper surface of the frame at intervals; one end of the main winch passes through the drilling tower and is in transmission connection with the hammer head, and is used for driving the hammer head to drill in a reciprocating cycle in the vertical direction; one end of the auxiliary winch passes through the drilling tower and is in transmission connection with one end of the slag discharging mechanism, and is used for lifting one end of the slag discharging mechanism; one end of the slag discharging mechanism can slidably penetrate through the top and bottom of the hammer head and is used for pumping and discharging slag in a construction hole formed by impact of the hammer head; the control mechanism is respectively and electrically connected with the main winch and the auxiliary winch and is used for controlling the operation of the main winch and the auxiliary winch, controlling the drilling of the hammer head and the operation of the slag discharging mechanism, so that the drilling footage and slag discharging are synchronously carried out.
As a technical scheme of the application, the upper part of the drilling tower is hinged to one end of a hydraulic oil cylinder, and the other end of the hydraulic oil cylinder is hinged to a pulley block on the drilling tower and used for driving the pulley block to lift; the first steel wire rope on the main winch bypasses the pulley block and is in transmission connection with the hammer; the main winch and the hydraulic oil cylinder are used for driving the hammer head to drill in a reciprocating cycle in the vertical direction.
As a technical scheme of the application, the slag discharging mechanism comprises a slurry pipe, a sand and stone pump, a clean water filling pump, a three-way valve and a silt separator; one end of the slurry pipe is connected with the inlet of the sand pump, and the other end of the slurry pipe slidably penetrates through the top and bottom of the hammer head; the first pipe orifice of the three-way valve is connected with the water outlet of the sand and stone pump, the second pipe orifice is connected with the clean water filling pump pipe through a first connecting pipe, and the third pipe orifice is connected with the sediment separator through a second connecting pipe, so as to control the on-off state between the clean water filling pump and the sediment separator; the clean water filling pump is used for starting water filling of the sand pump; when the sand pump starts to be started by water injection, the three-way valve enables the clean water injection pump to be communicated with the sand pump, and enables a pipeline on the sediment separator to be closed; after the sand and stone pump is filled with water, the three-way valve enables the clean water filling pump to be closed, and the pipeline of the sediment separator is opened, so that the sediment discharging mechanism is used for discharging sediment.
As a technical scheme of the application, the second steel wire rope on the auxiliary winch passes through the fixed pulley at the top of the drilling tower and is hinged with the clamp arranged on the mud pipe so as to pull the mud pipe to lift.
As a technical scheme of the application, the control mechanism comprises a first sensor arranged on the main winch, a second sensor arranged on the auxiliary winch, a PLC controller and a touch screen; the PLC is electrically connected with the first sensor, the second sensor and the touch screen respectively; the first sensor is used for measuring the length of a first steel wire rope on the main winch in real time and transmitting a measured signal to the PLC; the second sensor is used for measuring the length of a second steel wire rope on the auxiliary winch in real time and transmitting a measured signal to the PLC; the PLC controls the operation of the main winch and the auxiliary winch so as to enable the hammer drilling footage and the slag discharging mechanism to synchronously discharge slag; the touch screen is used for monitoring the working state of the reverse circulation percussion drill.
As a technical scheme of this application, still install the power station in the frame, and the track is installed to the bottom, the power station with the track transmission is connected, is used for the drive reverse circulation percussion drill walking.
The construction method of the percussion drill adopts the reverse circulation percussion drill, and comprises the following steps:
firstly, arranging construction sites according to hydrologic and geological conditions of project sites, equipment, power and material transportation conditions, and firstly flattening the sites to remove sundries; positioning pile positions according to a design drawing, and arranging cross protection piles on each pile position for checking; then, construction lofting is carried out, a pile casing is buried, and the top end of the pile casing is higher than the ground by at least 0.3m;
assembling a frame on site, and placing a slag discharging mechanism near the frame; placing the hammer head at a construction hole, and starting the auxiliary winch to enable one end of a mud pipe on the slag discharging mechanism to penetrate through the hammer head and extend into the construction hole; clay is put in the protective cylinder more before the hole is opened, when the hammer drills 0.5-1 m, clay is backfilled in the protective cylinder or mud is injected into the protective cylinder to continue drilling with low stroke, and the operation is repeated for a plurality of times; after the hammer is drilled to be 3-4 meters below the bottom of the pile casing, the hammer is subjected to normal impact;
step three, in the impact pore-forming process of the hammer head, the specific gravity of slurry is adjusted according to the geological change of stratum, so that the stability of the pore wall in the drilling process is ensured, and the water level in the construction pore is always kept to be 1.5-2 m higher than the underground water level and 0.3m lower than the top surface of the pile casing; and starting a slag discharging mechanism to synchronously discharge slag in the impact process, discharging the slurry and slag in the construction hole into the slag discharging mechanism beside the slag discharging mechanism, and returning the treated slurry into the construction hole, so that the slurry is circulated and reciprocated, and finally forming a hole.
The beneficial effects of this application:
according to the reverse circulation impact drilling machine and the construction method of the impact drilling machine, the impact drilling machine can measure and control the distance of the hammer head to the scale in real time through the control mechanism, so that the impact speed and the drilling depth can be automatically controlled, and the reverse circulation impact drilling machine can realize unmanned automatic work. The automatic feeding of the hammer head and the synchronous deslagging function of the slurry pipe are integrated, so that the automatic deslagging of the reverse circulation percussion drill in the continuous drilling process is realized, the working efficiency is improved, and the risk of hole collapse caused by shutdown deslagging is avoided.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being understood that the following drawings only illustrate some examples of the present application and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and that other related drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a reverse circulation percussion drill provided in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a first angle of a reverse circulation percussion drill according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a second angular schematic view of a reverse circulation hammer drill provided in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a third angular schematic view of a reverse circulation percussion drill provided in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a slag discharging mechanism provided in an embodiment of the present application.
Icon: 1-a frame; 2-a drilling tower; 3-main winch; 4-auxiliary winding; 5-hammer head; 6-a control mechanism; 7-a power station; 8-a hydraulic cylinder; 9-pulley blocks; 10-a first steel wire rope; 11-a slurry pipe; 12-sand pump; 13-a clean water filling pump; 14-a three-way valve; 15-a sediment separator; 16-a slag discharging mechanism; 17-a second wire rope; 18-fixed pulleys; 19-clamping hoop; 20-a first sensor; 21-a second sensor; 22-caterpillar tracks; a 23-PLC controller; 24-touch screen.
Detailed Description
For the purposes of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more clear, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present application, as generally described and illustrated in the figures herein, may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application, as provided in the accompanying drawings, is not intended to limit the scope of the application, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the application. All other embodiments, which can be made by one of ordinary skill in the art without undue burden from the present disclosure, are within the scope of the present disclosure.
It should be noted that: like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following figures, and thus once an item is defined in one figure, no further definition or explanation thereof is necessary in the following figures.
In the description of the present application, it should be noted that, the azimuth or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", etc. are based on the azimuth or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the azimuth or positional relationship that the inventive product is conventionally put in use, are merely for convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or element to be referred to must have a specific azimuth, be configured and operated in a specific azimuth, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present application.
Furthermore, in this application, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, a first feature may include first and second features being in direct contact, either above or below, or through additional features being in contact therewith. Moreover, the first feature being above, over, and on the second feature includes the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. The first feature being below, beneath, and beneath the second feature includes the first feature being directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is less level than the second feature.
Furthermore, the terms "horizontal," "vertical," and the like do not denote a requirement that the component be absolutely horizontal or overhang, but rather may be slightly inclined. As "horizontal" merely means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical", and does not mean that the structure must be perfectly horizontal, but may be slightly inclined.
In the description of the present application, it should also be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "disposed," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the terms in this application will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art in a specific context.
Examples:
referring to fig. 1, with reference to fig. 2 to 5, the present application provides a reverse circulation percussion drill, which mainly includes a frame 1, a drilling tower 2, a main winch 3, an auxiliary winch 4, a hammer 5, a slag discharging mechanism 16, and a control mechanism 6; wherein, the control mechanism 6, the main winch 3, the auxiliary winch 4, the drilling tower 2 and the slag discharging mechanism 16 are sequentially arranged on the upper surface of the frame 1 at intervals; meanwhile, one end of the main winch 3 passes through the drilling tower 2 and is in transmission connection with the hammer head 5, and is used for driving the hammer head 5 to drill in a reciprocating cycle in the vertical direction; in addition, one end of the auxiliary winch 4 passes through the drill tower 2 and is in transmission connection with one end of the slag discharging mechanism 16, and is used for lifting one end of the slag discharging mechanism 16; one end of the slag discharging mechanism 16 slidably passes through the top and bottom of the hammer head 5 and is used for pumping and discharging slag in a construction hole formed by the impact of the hammer head 5; the control mechanism 6 is electrically connected with the main winch 3 and the auxiliary winch 4 respectively and is used for controlling the operation of the main winch 3 and the auxiliary winch 4 and controlling the operation of the drilling and deslagging mechanism 16 of the hammer head 5 so as to enable the drilling footage and deslagging to be carried out synchronously.
Further, the upper portion of the drilling tower 2 is hinged to one end of a hydraulic oil cylinder 8, the other end of the hydraulic oil cylinder 8 is hinged to a pulley block 9 on the drilling tower 2, and when a piston on the hydraulic oil cylinder 8 stretches out and draws back, the pulley block 9 is driven to vertically lift. Simultaneously, a first steel wire rope 10 on the main winch 3 bypasses the pulley block 9 and is in transmission connection with the hammer head 5; and, the main winch 3 and the hydraulic cylinder 8 are used for driving the hammer head 5 to reciprocate and circulate in the vertical direction for drilling. Under the combined action of the main winch 3 and the hydraulic oil cylinder 8, the first steel wire rope 10 drives the hammer head 5 to reciprocate in the vertical direction, so that the impact motion of the hammer head 5 is realized.
In this embodiment, the main winch 3 may be a dual-drum differential winch.
Further, the slag discharging mechanism 16 comprises a mud pipe 11, a sand pump 12, a clean water filling pump 13, a three-way valve 14 and a mud separator 15; one end of the slurry pipe 11 is connected with an inlet of the sand pump 12, the other end of the slurry pipe slidably passes through the top and bottom of the hammer 5, and the slurry pipe 11 and the hammer 5 can slide relatively; meanwhile, a first pipe orifice of the three-way valve 14 is connected with a water outlet of the sand and stone pump 12, a second pipe orifice is connected with a pipe of the clean water filling pump 13 through a first connecting pipe, and a third pipe orifice is connected with the sediment separator 15 through a second connecting pipe, so as to control on-off between the clean water filling pump 13 and the sediment separator 15. The clean water filling pump 13 is used for starting water filling of the sand pump 12; when water injection is started, the three-way valve 14 enables the clean water injection pump 13 to be communicated with the sand pump 12, and simultaneously closes the pipeline of the sediment separator 15, so that the starting of the sand pump 12 is completed; when the starting of the sand pump 12 is completed, the handle on the three-way valve 14 is rotated, so that the pipeline of the clean water filling pump 13 is closed, and meanwhile, the sediment separator 15 is communicated with the sand pump 12, so that the mud circulation slag discharge is realized.
In addition, a second wire rope 17 on the auxiliary hoist 4 passes around a fixed pulley 18 at the top of the derrick 2 and is hinged with a clamp 19 mounted on the mud pipe 11 to pull the mud pipe 11 up and down. When the secondary winch 4 winds and unwinds the second wire rope 17, the mud pipe 11 is pulled up or down.
Further, the control mechanism 6 includes a first sensor 20 mounted on the main winch 3, a second sensor 21 mounted on the sub winch 4, a PLC controller 23, and a touch screen 24; wherein the PLC controller 23 is electrically connected with the first sensor 20, the second sensor 21 and the touch screen 24 respectively; meanwhile, the first sensor 20 is used for measuring the length of the first wire rope 10 on the main winch 3 in real time and transmitting the measured signal to the PLC controller 23; the second sensor 21 is used for measuring the length of the second steel wire rope 17 on the auxiliary winch 4 in real time and transmitting the measured signal to the PLC controller 23; the PLC 23 controls the operation of the main winch 3 and the auxiliary winch 4 so as to ensure that the drilling footage of the hammer head 5 and the mud pipe 11 synchronously carry out slag discharge; and, the touch screen 24 is used to monitor the operating state of the reverse circulation percussion drill.
In addition, the frame 1 is a bearing structural member of a reverse circulation percussion drill, a crawler 22 is arranged at the bottom of the frame 1, a vertical truss fixed at the front end of the frame 1 is a drilling tower 2, a main winch 3, an auxiliary winch 4 and a control mechanism 6 are arranged in the middle of the frame 1, and a power station 7 is arranged at the rear end of the frame 1. The power station 7 is in transmission connection with the crawler belt 22 and is used for driving the reverse circulation percussion drill to walk. The power station 7 provides hydraulic power for the device, and the crawler 22 is driven to walk through the hydraulic power. And, the hydraulic power provided by the power station 7 also drives the hydraulic cylinder 8 to move.
It should be noted that, the power station 7 and the crawler 22 all adopt structures in the prior art, and specific structures and working principles thereof are not described herein.
When the device is used, the frame 1 and the slag discharging mechanism 16 are firstly placed near a construction area. The power station 7 is started, and the crawler 22 is operated according to the actual situation to adjust the reverse circulation percussion drill to a proper construction position. The main winch 3 is started, the hammer head 5 is placed in a pile hole of a pier or a groove section of a ground connecting wall, the auxiliary winch 4 is started again, and one end of the slurry pipe 11 extends into a hole in the middle of the hammer head 5. Then the slag discharging mechanism 16 is started, the impact speed and the depth of footage of the hammer head 5 are set through the touch screen 24, and the impact drilling machine can automatically work. In the working process, the PLC 23 controls the operation of the main winch 3 and the auxiliary winch 4 according to the signals fed back by the first sensor 20 and the second sensor 21 in real time, so that automatic drilling and synchronous deslagging are realized.
In addition, the embodiment also provides a construction method of the percussion drill, which mainly adopts the reverse circulation percussion drill to carry out construction; the method mainly comprises the following steps:
firstly, arranging construction sites according to hydrologic and geological conditions of project sites, equipment, power and material transportation conditions, and firstly flattening the sites to remove sundries; positioning pile positions according to a design drawing, and arranging cross protection piles on each pile position for checking; then, construction lofting is carried out, a pile casing is buried, and the top end of the pile casing is higher than the ground by at least 0.3m;
assembling the frame 1 on site, and placing the slag discharging mechanism 16 near the frame 1; placing a hammer head 5 at a construction hole, and starting a secondary winch 4 to enable one end of a slurry pipe 11 on a slag discharging mechanism 16 to penetrate through the hammer head 5 and extend into the construction hole; clay is put in the pile casing before the hole is opened, when the hammer head 5 drills 0.5-1 m, clay is backfilled in the pile casing or mud is injected into the pile casing to continue drilling with low stroke, and the operation is repeated for a plurality of times; after the drill is drilled to 3-4 meters below the bottom of the pile casing, the hammer head 5 is subjected to normal impact;
step three, in the impact hole forming process of the hammer head 5, the mud specific gravity is adjusted according to the geological change of the stratum, so that the stability of the hole wall in the drilling process is ensured, and the water level in the construction hole is always kept to be 1.5-2 m higher than the underground water level and 0.3m lower than the top surface of the pile casing; in the impact process, the slag extractor 16 is started to synchronously extract slag, the slurry and the slag in the construction hole are pumped and discharged into the slag extractor 16 beside, the treated slurry flows back into the construction hole again, and the process is repeated in a circulating way, so that the hole is formed finally.
In summary, in the reverse circulation percussion drill and the construction method of the percussion drill, the impact speed and the drilling depth can be automatically controlled by measuring and controlling the feeding distance of the hammer head 5 in real time through the control mechanism 6, so that the reverse circulation percussion drill can realize unmanned automatic work. The automatic feeding of the hammer head 5 is integrated with the synchronous deslagging function of the slurry pipe 11, so that the automatic deslagging of the reverse circulation percussion drill in the continuous drilling process is realized, the working efficiency is improved, and the risk of hole collapse caused by shutdown deslagging is avoided.
The foregoing description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the same, but rather, various modifications and variations may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (6)
1. The reverse circulation percussion drill is characterized by comprising a frame, a drilling tower, a main winch, an auxiliary winch, a hammer head, a slag discharging mechanism and a control mechanism; the control mechanism, the main winch, the auxiliary winch, the drilling tower and the slag discharging mechanism are sequentially arranged on the upper surface of the frame at intervals; one end of the main winch passes through the drilling tower and is in transmission connection with the hammer head, and is used for driving the hammer head to drill in a reciprocating cycle in the vertical direction; one end of the auxiliary winch passes through the drilling tower and is in transmission connection with one end of the slag discharging mechanism, and is used for lifting one end of the slag discharging mechanism; one end of the slag discharging mechanism can slidably penetrate through the top and bottom of the hammer head and is used for pumping and discharging slag in a construction hole formed by impact of the hammer head; the control mechanism is respectively and electrically connected with the main winch and the auxiliary winch and is used for controlling the operation of the main winch and the auxiliary winch, controlling the drilling of the hammer head and the operation of the slag discharging mechanism so as to synchronously carry out drilling footage and slag discharging; the slag discharging mechanism comprises a slurry pipe, a sand pump, a clear water filling pump, a three-way valve and a mud separator; one end of the slurry pipe is connected with the inlet of the sand pump, and the other end of the slurry pipe slidably penetrates through the top and bottom of the hammer head; the first pipe orifice of the three-way valve is connected with the water outlet of the sand and stone pump, the second pipe orifice is connected with the clean water filling pump pipe through a first connecting pipe, and the third pipe orifice is connected with the sediment separator through a second connecting pipe, so as to control the on-off state between the clean water filling pump and the sediment separator; the clean water filling pump is used for starting water filling of the sand pump; when the sand pump starts to be started by water injection, the three-way valve enables the clean water injection pump to be communicated with the sand pump, and enables a pipeline on the sediment separator to be closed; after the sand and stone pump is filled with water, the three-way valve enables the clean water filling pump to be closed, and the pipeline of the sediment separator is opened, so that the sediment discharging mechanism is used for discharging sediment.
2. The reverse circulation percussion drill according to claim 1, wherein the upper part of the drilling tower is hinged to one end of a hydraulic cylinder, and the other end of the hydraulic cylinder is hinged to a pulley block on the drilling tower for driving the pulley block to lift; the first steel wire rope on the main winch bypasses the pulley block and is in transmission connection with the hammer; the main winch and the hydraulic oil cylinder are used for driving the hammer head to drill in a reciprocating cycle in the vertical direction.
3. The reverse circulation hammer drill of claim 1, wherein the second wire rope on the secondary winch is threaded around a fixed sheave at the top of the rig and hinged to a yoke mounted on the mud pipe to pull the mud pipe up and down.
4. The reverse circulation percussion drill according to claim 1, wherein the control mechanism comprises a first sensor mounted on the main winch, a second sensor mounted on the auxiliary winch, a PLC controller and a touch screen; the PLC is electrically connected with the first sensor, the second sensor and the touch screen respectively; the first sensor is used for measuring the length of a first steel wire rope on the main winch in real time and transmitting a measured signal to the PLC; the second sensor is used for measuring the length of a second steel wire rope on the auxiliary winch in real time and transmitting a measured signal to the PLC; the PLC controls the operation of the main winch and the auxiliary winch so as to enable the hammer drilling footage and the slag discharging mechanism to synchronously discharge slag; the touch screen is used for monitoring the working state of the reverse circulation percussion drill.
5. The reverse circulation percussion drill according to claim 1, wherein a power station is further mounted on the frame, and a crawler is mounted at the bottom, and the power station is in driving connection with the crawler for driving the reverse circulation percussion drill to travel.
6. A method of construction with a percussion drill, characterized in that a reverse circulation percussion drill according to any one of claims 1 to 5 is used, comprising the steps of:
firstly, arranging construction sites according to hydrologic and geological conditions of project sites, equipment, power and material transportation conditions, and firstly flattening the sites to remove sundries; positioning pile positions according to a design drawing, and arranging cross protection piles on each pile position for checking; then, construction lofting is carried out, a pile casing is buried, and the top end of the pile casing is higher than the ground by at least 0.3m;
assembling a frame on site, and placing a slag discharging mechanism near the frame; placing the hammer head at a construction hole, and starting the auxiliary winch to enable one end of a mud pipe on the slag discharging mechanism to penetrate through the hammer head and extend into the construction hole; clay is put in the protective cylinder more before the hole is opened, when the hammer drills 0.5-1 m, clay is backfilled in the protective cylinder or mud is injected into the protective cylinder to continue drilling with low stroke, and the operation is repeated for a plurality of times; after the hammer is drilled to be 3-4 meters below the bottom of the pile casing, the hammer is subjected to normal impact;
step three, in the impact pore-forming process of the hammer head, the specific gravity of slurry is adjusted according to the geological change of stratum, so that the stability of the pore wall in the drilling process is ensured, and the water level in the construction pore is always kept to be 1.5-2 m higher than the underground water level and 0.3m lower than the top surface of the pile casing; and starting a slag discharging mechanism to synchronously discharge slag in the impact process, discharging the slurry and slag in the construction hole into the slag discharging mechanism beside the slag discharging mechanism, and returning the treated slurry into the construction hole, so that the slurry is circulated and reciprocated, and finally forming a hole.
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| CN202210642793.1A CN114922565B (en) | 2022-06-08 | 2022-06-08 | Reverse circulation percussion drill and construction method thereof |
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| CN202210642793.1A CN114922565B (en) | 2022-06-08 | 2022-06-08 | Reverse circulation percussion drill and construction method thereof |
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Family Cites Families (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP3839819B2 (en) * | 2004-03-26 | 2006-11-01 | 株式会社国土基礎 | Reverse circulation drill |
| CN201013226Y (en) * | 2007-02-27 | 2008-01-30 | 管佩先 | Automatic percussion pumping-up reverse circulation drill |
| CN201358707Y (en) * | 2009-03-14 | 2009-12-09 | 南阳市卧龙区钻井设备机械加工厂 | Pump suction direct and reverse circulation percussion drill |
| CN102747952B (en) * | 2012-07-09 | 2014-06-18 | 徐州徐工基础工程机械有限公司 | Hydraulic walking type percussion reverse circulation slot repairing machine |
| CN105715247B (en) * | 2016-03-30 | 2019-04-05 | 连云港凯帝重工科技有限公司 | A kind of rotary drilling rig control system automatically controlling drilling according to stratum |
| CN212054476U (en) * | 2020-04-21 | 2020-12-01 | 南京尚泰工程机械制造有限公司 | Drill bit of percussion drill |
| CN212642569U (en) * | 2020-06-16 | 2021-03-02 | 湖北谦诚智能桩工有限公司 | Double-rope impact hammer and reverse circulation deslagging grooving machine |
| CN111911131A (en) * | 2020-08-28 | 2020-11-10 | 上海金泰工程机械有限公司 | Drilling machine control system for foundation stabilization and control method thereof |
| CN112096323B (en) * | 2020-09-16 | 2022-04-22 | 湖北工建基础设施建设有限公司 | Construction system and method for slurry-free clear water pore-forming of cast-in-situ bored pile |
| CN214089873U (en) * | 2020-10-22 | 2021-08-31 | 中铁科工集团装备工程有限公司 | Gas lift reverse circulation hole cleaning equipment |
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