CN114921421B - 一种真菌病毒VpFV1、一种弱毒性菌株及其应用 - Google Patents
一种真菌病毒VpFV1、一种弱毒性菌株及其应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开一种从梨树腐烂病菌(Valsa pyri)中分离的新病毒,命名为Valsa pyri fusarivirus 1(VpFV1),其核苷酸序列如SEQ ID 1,具有抑制宿主致病力的作用。采用对峙培养及RNA介导原生质体转染的方法,VpFV1均能克服菌丝不亲和性及不依赖菌丝可在细胞外存在,证实其传染不同种类腐烂病菌,引起宿主腐烂病菌株弱毒特性。通过将含有病毒VpFV1的弱毒性YN‑3菌株与无毒菌株对峙培养接种,以及YN‑3菌株发酵液与其他种类腐烂病菌菌株共培养接种梨离体枝条,致病力测定均显示经过YN‑3菌株及其发酵液处理后其他腐烂病菌菌株的致病力均出现下降,证明YN‑3菌株具有良好的生防潜力,可用于梨腐烂病害的生物防治。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于植物病害生物防治技术领域,涉及一种真菌病毒VpFV1、一种弱毒性菌株及其应用。
背景技术
梨是一种世界性水果,在我国的种植面积和产量均位于世界首位。随着梨树栽培面积的扩大、配套管理技术不当、自然灾害连续发生等原因,使梨树面临严重的病虫害威胁。其中,梨树腐烂病的发生尤为严重,在我国梨主产区均有发生,尤以新疆、西北、华北、东北等地发生严重。其主要危害梨树的主枝和侧枝,且发病率高、难以控制,严重时还会造成大量死树或毁园(程栎菁,2012;周玉霞2013)。
研究发现一些真菌病毒的存在会使致病性真菌降低对植物的危害程度,如在板栗疫病中发现的真菌病毒可以使板栗疫病的致病力降低,在北美和欧洲板栗疫病的防治中起到了关键作用(Biraghi 1953,MacDonald and Fulbright 1991,Choi and Nuss 1992);在白纹羽病菌中发现的病毒Rosellinia necatrix megabirnavirus 1(RnMBV1)能减慢病菌生长速度,降低病菌对宿主的影响,具有潜在的生防能力(Kondo et al 2013);在梨轮纹病菌中发现的产黄青霉病毒Botryosphaeria dothidea Chrysovirus 1(BdCV1)引起梨轮纹菌的生长速率减慢、致病力减弱,具有弱毒特性(Wang et al 2014)。有研究发现从分离于河南郑州的一株气生菌丝稀少、致病力丧失的梨轮纹病和干腐病菌株YZN115中发现了一种新的dsRNA病毒BdRV1/YZN115通过分生孢子和菌丝进行接触传播,得到的传毒衍生菌株表现出生长异常及致病力丧失的特性(翟立峰,2016)。近年来,越来越多的真菌病毒被报道能够影响宿主的致病力,这些弱毒相关真菌病毒的发现为果树真菌病害的生物防治提供了新的思路(Xie and Jiang 2014,Kotta-Loizou,2021)。因此,植物病原真菌弱毒病毒应用成为生物防治领域一种新型资源,弱病毒侵染真菌的强毒力菌株以后,若菌株之间能克服菌丝不亲和性融合进行水平传播,很快便能形成一个弱毒力真菌群体,能够有效地在田间持久定植,并且可以继续传播,从而可持续性防治。
目前,梨腐烂病的防治主要依靠化学药剂的使用,长期使用化学药剂不仅会使梨果实的品质降低,同时还会给环境带来很大的影响(曹克强,2009)。所以急需一种既可以有效防治梨腐烂病,又不会对食用者和环境带来不良影响的生物防治措施。据报道仅有一例苹果腐烂病菌在自然侵染状态下携带真菌病毒Valsa ceratosperma hypovirus 1(VcHV1)的报道,对菌株致病力没有影响(Yaegashi et al 2012),目前,梨腐烂病菌自然侵染状态下未有真菌病毒感染及其影响菌株致病力的报道。
弱毒病毒的利用,可以减少施用化学农药,降低种植成本,避免植物病原真菌抗药性的产生,有利于维持生态平衡。发现和挖掘梨腐烂病菌中携带的真菌病毒种类,明确所携带真菌病毒的生物学特性以及其对宿主菌株致病性的影响,筛选出携带真菌病毒的弱致病力菌株,为有效用于田间绿色防治梨腐烂病菌提供重要的候选材料。该项工作对利用真菌病毒对梨腐烂病菌进行生物防治起到关键作用,在未报道任何相关研究的基础上开展该项工作具有开创性和重大意义。
发明内容
针对我国梨树腐烂病菌的防治依赖于化学防治、缺乏有效生物防治措施的现状,本发明筛选出了一种含有VpFV1病毒的弱毒性梨腐烂病菌株,含有该病毒的弱毒性菌株能安全有效的将弱毒性病毒传播给不同种类的梨腐烂病菌株,引起受体菌株的弱毒特性。
本发明的目的之一在于提供了上述梨腐烂病弱毒性菌株,命名梨腐烂病(Valsapyri)YN-3菌株,后简称“YN-3菌株”。该YN-3菌株自采集自中国云南的梨腐烂病枝干病样中分离得到,已于2022年4月8日保藏于中国典型培养物保藏中心,地址:中国武汉武汉大学,保藏编号为CCTCC NO:M 2022393。
进一步研究发现,YN-3菌株含有两种病毒,均为正义单链RNA病毒,分别是VpFV1和VpPV1,其中VpFV1引起菌株弱毒特性。YN-3菌株在25℃条件下PDA培养基上菌落呈现白色,质地柔韧,结构致密,在生长过程中,菌丝紧贴培养基生长,几乎无气生性,菌落生长较慢且畸形。
VpFV1属于Fusariviridae科Alphafusarivirus属一个新成员,命名为故命名为Valsa pyri fusarivirus 1,即VpFV1。该病毒3’末端有Poly(A)尾,基因组全长6722nt(不含A尾序列长度),其核苷酸序列如SEQ ID NO:1,包含3个开放阅读框(ORF),分别命名为ORF1、ORF2和ORF3,每个ORF之间没有序列重叠。ORF1大小为1543aa,编码RdRp保守域和Hel保守域;ORF2大小为148aa;ORF3大小为443aa,编码SMC保守域,ORF2、ORF3功能未知。
VpPV1属于Botourmiaviridae科Penoulivirus属一个成员,这是首次在梨腐烂病中报道Penoulivirus的一个新种,故命名为Valsa pyri penoulivirus1,即VpPV1。VpPV1全长2769nt,含有1个ORF,编码RdRp。
本发明还提供YN-3菌株以外其他上述VpFV1病毒的梨腐烂病(Valsa pyri)真菌宿主。其中,HN-4、SX-3和YN-11均在YN-3菌株的水平传播或对峙接种后,导致致病力降低。
因此,本发明的目的之二提供了上述病毒VpFV1、YN-3菌株以及其他VpFV1病毒的梨腐烂病(Valsa pyri)真菌宿主以不同形式在生物防治中的应用,具体包括利用弱毒性YN-3菌株水平对峙,YN-3菌株的发酵液培养,以及总RNA转染原生质体的方法将YN-3菌株携带的真菌病毒传播给其他强致病力腐烂病菌株中,得到携带VpFV1病毒的衍生菌株,从而降低其菌株对离体枝条的致病力;也包括上述YN-3菌株、其他VpFV1病毒的梨腐烂病(Valsapyri)真菌宿主、YN-3菌株的发酵液在制备梨腐烂病(Valsa pyri)真菌防治剂中的应用,还包括该防治剂与植物接触防治梨腐烂病真菌的方法。
附图说明
图1为YN-3菌株中dsRNA的1%琼脂糖凝胶电泳结果;
图2为病毒VpFV1和VpPV1全长基因组结构图;
图3为YN-3菌株及其衍生菌株生长速率及致病力测定分析结果,其中A为菌株生长3天菌落形态图,B为菌株生长速率测定结果,C为接种“圆黄”枝条7天病斑扩展图,D为接种7天病斑直径测定统计分析图;
图4为YN-3菌株与HN-4菌株在PDA和燕麦培养基对峙培养菌落形态及生长情况;
图5为HN-4菌株与5-HN-4菌株生长速率及致病力测定分析结果,其中A为菌株生长5天菌落形态,B为菌株生长速率测定结果,C为接种“圆黄”枝条11天病斑扩展图,D为接种11天病斑直径测定统计分析图;
图6为YN-3菌株总RNA转染无毒腐烂菌株原生质体的示意图;
图7为YN-3菌株和其他强致病力菌株菌丝块对峙接种梨枝条示意图;
图8为YN-3菌株与腐烂病菌SX-3和YN-11菌丝块对峙培养接种梨枝条致病力测定结果,其中A为SX-3菌株分别与YN-3和PDA菌丝块共培养接种“红香酥”枝条8天病斑扩展情况及病斑大小统计分析,B为YN-11菌株分别与YN-3和PDA菌丝块共培养接种“红香酥”枝条9天病斑扩展情况及病斑大小统计分析;
图9为YN-3菌株发酵液共培养腐烂病菌SX-3菌株和YN-11菌株获得衍生菌株接种枝条致病力测定结果,其中A为YN-3菌株发酵液共培养SX-3菌株获得衍生菌株(SX-3/YN-3)接种“红香酥”枝条7天病斑扩展情况及其长度统计分析;B为YN-3菌株发酵液共培养YN-11菌株获得衍生菌株(YN-11/YN-3)接种“红香酥”枝条7天病斑扩展情况及其长度统计分析。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白,以下结合附图及实施例,对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解,此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明,并不用于限定本发明。
实施例1:YN-3菌株的鉴定及特性
本发明的真菌病毒VpFV1是在梨腐烂病(Valsa pyri)YN-3菌株中发现并命名。该梨腐烂病(Valsa pyri)YN-3菌株自采集自中国云南的梨腐烂病枝干病样中分离得到,在25℃条件下PDA培养基上YN-3菌株菌落呈现白色,质地柔韧,结构致密,在生长过程中,菌丝紧贴培养基生长,几乎无气生性,菌落生长较慢且畸形。
将培养数天的YN-3菌株菌丝从铺有玻璃纸的PDA培养基上刮下,放至研钵,加入适量液氮后充分研磨,通过CTAB法提取YN-3菌株的总DNA,上述真菌的鉴定是基于内转录间隔区l(ITS1)、5.8S rDNA、内转录间隔区2(ITS4)进行鉴定的。通过引物ITS1和ITS4对菌株的总DNA进行PCR扩增,所得到的序列在NCBI网站中进行BLAST比对,鉴定结果为梨腐烂病(Valsa pyri)。
该菌株的第三代已于2022年4月8日送至在中国典型培养物保藏中心保藏,分类命名:Valsa pyri YN-3,保藏编号为:CCTCC NO:M 2022393:地址:中国武汉武汉大学。
实施例2:菌株YN-3携带病毒的检测和基因组全长扩增
dsRNA的提取和检测:液氮研磨菌丝,粉末装至2mL无酶离心管中,每0.2g菌丝加入400μL 2×GPS、400μL RNA提取酚、400μL氯仿、92μL10%SDS,震荡混匀10min,4℃12000rpm离心10min;取上清,每600μL上清加入0.04g纤维素粉末(CF-11),震荡混匀后冰浴30min,4℃12000rpm离心1min;弃上清,取600μL洗脱缓冲液,混匀洗脱,静置3min,4℃12000rpm离心2min;弃上清,重复洗脱2-3次;弃上清,加入600μL 1×STE,震荡混匀5min,4℃12000rpm离心5min;取上清550μL,加入等体积预冷的异丙醇,轻轻颠倒混匀,-20℃沉降30min,4℃12000rpm离心25min;弃上清,加入500μL 75%乙醇洗涤沉淀2-3次,空离1次,晾干管底残留乙醇;加入适量DEPC水溶解,即得到dsRNA溶液。用1%琼脂糖凝胶电泳检测dsRNA。
菌株YN-3的dsRNA琼脂糖凝胶电泳观察结果显示,DNA分子量Marker约7.0kb处弱的单一条带为VpFV1 dsRNA,约2.5kb处位置的单一条带为VpPV1 dsRNA,如图1所示。
两种病毒均是通过高通量测序筛选得到,VpFV1病毒中间序列根据筛选到的contig10979和contig25588设计特异性引物进行RT-PCR扩增得到的,末端序列根据RACE 5’/3’Kit(Takara公司,大连宝生物)进行扩增。VpPV1病毒中间序列根据contig2084设计特异性引物进行RT-PCR扩增得到,5’末端通过试剂盒扩增得到,3’末端通过提取总RNA加RACE-OLIGO接头扩增得到。所用引物如表1。
表1 VpFV1和VpPV1基因组全长扩增所用引物信息
VpFV1全长序列6722nt(不包括polyA),包含3个开放阅读框(ORF),分别命名为ORF1、ORF2、ORF3,每个ORF之间没有序列重叠,其核苷酸序列如SEQ ID 1。ORF1大小为1543aa,编码RdRp保守域和Hel保守域;ORF2大小为148aa;ORF3大小为443aa,编码SMC保守域,ORF2和ORF3功能未知。VpPV1全长序列2769nt,仅包含一个大的ORF,编码RdRp,如图2所示。
VpFV1和VpPV1均为正义单链RNA病毒,其中VpFV1属于Alphafusarivirus属,这是首次在梨腐烂病中报道Alphafusarivirus的一个新成员,故命名为Valsa pyrifusarivirus 1,即VpFV1;VpPV1属于Penoulivirus属,这是首次在梨腐烂病中报道Penoulivirus的一个新成员,故命名为Valsa pyri penoulivirus 1,即VpPV1。
实施例3引起YN-3菌株弱毒特性的因子的鉴定
(1)获得分别携带VpFV1,VpPV1及无毒的YN-3衍生菌株
分生孢子介导的病毒垂直传播:YN-3菌株接种在“翠冠”梨树一年生离体枝条上,保持适宜的温度以及湿度,大约20天枝条表面会溢出黄色的分生孢子角。挑取少量分生孢子角于灭菌的离心管中,加入适量的无菌水配置成孢子悬浮液,将载玻片浸泡在75%的医用酒精中消毒30min后置于超净工作台中风干,用移液枪吸取10μL YN-3菌株的分生孢子液滴在载玻片上并置于显微镜载物台上,观察孢子形态及数目。随后用无菌水稀释孢子液浓度至106个/mL。将配置好的分生孢子悬浮液涂布于水琼脂平板上,待长出菌丝后挑取单菌丝于PDA平板上,25℃下黑暗培养并观察菌落形态并用RT-PCR检测分生孢子后代中病毒存在情况。得到了仅携带VpPV1病毒的衍生菌株和无病毒携带的衍生菌株,分别命名为YN3-P菌株和YN3-VF菌株。
菌株对峙培养介导的病毒水平传播:弱毒性的YN-3菌株为供体菌株,垂直传播得到的无病毒携带的衍生菌株YN3-VF为受体菌株。将供试菌株活化3天左右,用灭菌的打孔器(直径5mm)在供试菌株菌落边缘打取菌丝块。将供体菌株YN-3的菌丝块接种于PDA平板,使菌丝块距离培养皿边缘约1cm,同时将受体菌株的菌丝块接种于该平板上,菌丝块距培养皿边缘约1cm,且两菌丝块之间相距约0.5cm。置于25℃下培养3-5d后,观察配对培养的形态,并在受体菌株菌落远离供体YN-3菌株接种点的区域挑取菌丝块转接于PDA平板上,25℃培养。通过RT-PCR检测得到了仅携带VpFV1病毒的衍生菌株命名为YN3-F菌株。
(2)菌株YN-3及其衍生菌株生长速率及致病力分析
对YN-3菌株以及衍生的YN3-F菌株、YN3-P菌株和YN3-VF菌株的表型进行观察,携带VpFV1病毒的菌株菌丝更加致密且边缘不规则;而YN3-P及YN3-VF菌株菌落形态基本呈现圆形,3天即可长满全皿,如图3中A图所示。
对YN3菌株以及衍生的YN3-F菌株、YN3-P菌株和YN3-VF菌株进行生长速率测定,发现仅携带VpFV1病毒的YN3-F菌株以及原始的YN-3菌株的生长速率明显低于无病毒携带的菌株YN3-VF以及携带VpPV1病毒的YN3-P菌株,如图3中B图所示。
将以上4个菌株分别接种于“圆黄”梨树一年生离体枝条,观察7天病斑大小并测定其长度,如图3中C图所示;接种7天病斑直径测定统计分析结果显示,YN3-P菌株和YN3-VF菌株接种发病的病斑大小测量的长度数值显著小于YN-3菌株和YN3-F菌株接种病斑,表现为弱致病力,如3中D图所示。
因此,本实施例的结果表明VpFV1病毒是导致YN-3菌株产生弱毒特性的因素。
实施例4弱毒性YN-3菌株通过对峙培养抑制其他梨腐烂病(Valsa pyri)真菌宿主的致病力
(1)YN-3菌株中病毒在腐烂病菌HN-4菌株的水平传播
以YN-3菌株为供体,HN-4菌株(同批次管藏的不携带病毒的梨腐烂病菌株,分离自河南郑州,红梨)为受体分别在PDA培养基(马铃薯葡萄糖培养基)和燕麦培养基(含0.75mMZnCl2)进行对峙培养,如图4所示。PDA平板对峙设置了6个重复,对峙培养4天后随机挑取了6个衍生菌株对其第二代进行RT-PCR检测;燕麦平板对峙设置了8个重复,对峙培养8天后随机挑取5个衍生菌株进行检测。不同培养基培养条件下对峙培养所获得的衍生菌株RT-PCR检测结果见表2。
表2不同培养基条件下对峙培养得到衍生菌株检测结果
(2)HN-4菌株携带病毒衍生菌株生长速率及致病力测定
通过RT-PCR检测,发现YN-3菌株中携带的病毒VpFV1可以通过对峙培养水平传播给其他遗传背景不同的腐烂病菌株。在燕麦培养基上检测到携带病毒的衍生菌株命名为5-HN-4,将其与原始的HN-4菌株相比发现生长3天几乎可以长满全皿,5天时的菌落形态如图5中A图所示,两者生长速率无显著性差异,如图5中B图所示。
将供体菌株YN-3、受体菌株HN-4以及衍生菌株5-HN-4分别同时接种于一年生“圆黄”梨树离体枝条上,接种11天时对其病斑大小如图5中C图所示,进行测量并计算,如图5中D图所示,结果表明携带VpFV1病毒的5-HN-4菌株相比于HN-4菌株来说病斑长度数值差异显著变小,致病力降低。
因此,本实施例的结果表明菌株YN-3携带的VpFV1病毒可以通过对峙培养水平传播给其他腐烂病菌株并降低其对宿主的致病力。
实施例5弱毒性YN-3菌株通过总RNA转染原生质体抑制其他梨腐烂病(Valsapyri)真菌宿主的致病力
(1)总RNA与原生质体融合介导的病毒的水平传播
1.菌丝培养
在铺有玻璃纸的PDA平板上接种梨腐烂病SX-3菌株(不携带病毒的强致病力梨腐烂病菌株),于25℃培养约2d。
2.裂解液的配置
将0.15g Lysing enzymes和0.015g蜗牛酶(snailase)溶解于15mL 1mol/L的KCl溶液中,于25℃摇床150rpm培养30min。之后4℃离心机6000rpm离心10min,在取上清用细菌过滤器过滤至新的离心管中。
3.原生质体的制备
刮取约0.3g菌丝于裂解液中,震荡使菌丝分散于裂解液中31℃,90r/min约3h后镜检,观察原生质体的释放情况。若有大量原生质体释放,则用3层擦镜纸过滤两次,收集滤液于4℃,4500rpm离心15min后倒掉上清,用适量体积的STC悬浮沉淀。
4.总RNA转染原生质体
如图6所示,各取YN-3菌株的总RNA30μL分别于200μL SX-3菌株的原生质体中,轻轻混匀后冰上静置20min。依次加入40%PTC(200μL+200μL+800μL)于管壁,轻轻翻转管子使其混合均匀,室温静置20min。加入5mL TB3培养基于25℃培养箱过夜放置,取出原生质体4000r/min离心6min,弃上清剩余约1mL残液将剩余物悬浮。在每个培养皿中加入500μL原生质体,再倒入Bottom Agar培养基后摇晃均匀,25℃培养10h,挑取菌丝于PDA培养基上。所挑选的衍生菌株进一步对其进行RT-PCR检测。
5.衍生菌株携带病毒检测
通过对SX-3菌株的10个衍生菌株的RT-PCR检测,结果如下表3。
表3YN-3总RNA转染原生质体获得后代衍生菌株携带病毒检测
因此,本实施例的结果表明通过总RNA转染原生质体的方法可以将YN-3菌株携带的两种病毒传播给SX-3菌株。
实施例6弱毒性YN-3菌株通过对峙接种梨树抑制其他梨腐烂病(Valsa pyri)真菌宿主的致病力
枝条接种方法如前所述,具体如下:将需要测量的菌株活化于PDA平板中央,于25℃黑暗条件下培养3天左右,用灼烧灭菌的打孔器(直径5mm)在菌落边缘打取生长旺盛的菌丝块,并用干净的手术刀对半切开以备接种。接种时取弱致病力YN-3菌株的一半菌丝块接在枝条打孔的左侧,取强致病力的其他菌株的一半菌丝块接在枝条打孔的右侧(如图7所示)。对照处理将YN-3菌株的一半菌丝块换为空白PDA,之后进行保湿培养并观察。
按照上述方法,将YN-3菌株与强致病力无毒腐烂菌株SX-3接种于一年生“红香酥”梨树离体枝条上,对照处理为PDA替代YN-3菌株;同样,将YN-3菌株与强致病力无毒腐烂菌株YN-11接种于一年生“红香酥”梨树离体枝条上,对照处理为PDA替代YN-3菌株。接种8天时YN-3菌株与SX-3菌株对峙接种病斑直径显著小于菌株SX-3与PDA接种枝条病斑大小,如图8中A图所示;接种9天时YN-3菌株与YN-11菌株对峙接种病斑直径显著小于菌株YN-11与PDA接种枝条病斑大小,如图8中B图所示,结果表明了弱毒性YN-3菌株通过对峙接种梨树抑制SX-3和YN-11菌株接种梨枝条的致病力。
实施例7弱毒性YN-3菌株通过发酵液培养抑制其他梨腐烂病(Valsa pyri)真菌宿主的致病力
发酵液的制备:将含有病毒VpFV1的弱毒菌株YN-3菌丝块移接于PDB液体培养基中,于25℃,150r/min振荡培养7d。离心培养液并回收该培养上清,并将所得培养上清用孔径0.22μm的细菌过滤器过滤,去除菌体杂质,即为菌株YN-3的发酵液。
共培养:将100mL发酵液与300mL PDA培养基混匀后,倒在培养皿上,凝固后将菌株SX-3和菌株YN-11分别接于培养基中央,共培养7天后,挑取菌丝块重新活化。
将发酵液培养过的YN-3菌株与如前所述的强致病力梨腐烂病菌株SX-3对峙接种于一年生“红香酥”离体梨枝条上,也同样将发酵液培养过的YN-3菌株与如前所述的强致病力梨腐烂病菌株YN-11接种于一年生“红香酥”离体梨枝条上。接种8d后,对病斑长度进行测量并统计,发现与发酵液共培养的菌株致病力显著弱于未经YN-3发酵液培养处理的SX-3和YN-11腐烂菌株,如图9中A图和B图所示。以上结果表明,存在于培养上清中的真菌病毒VpFV1感染了其他腐烂病菌菌株,降低其致病力,揭示了菌株YN-3携带的真菌病毒具有体外存在特点并对正常的菌株具有感染能力。以上所述本发明的具体实施方式,并不构成对本发明保护范围的限定。任何根据本发明的技术构思所做出的各种其他相应的改变与变形,均应包含在本发明权利要求的保护范围内。
SEQUENCE LISTING
<110> 华中农业大学
<120> 一种真菌病毒VpFV1、一种弱毒性菌株及其应用
<130> 1
<160> 1
<170> PatentIn version 3.5
<210> 1
<211> 6753
<212> DNA
<213> Valsa pyri fusarivirus 1
<400> 1
acatgggggg ggttgtcctg attgttattt gctcaatcgg tttatagcta cgtagtgtag 60
acttggtgtg tgatcatttt atagatgaaa tctgcggata acaccatgaa agtgtatgat 120
tttgacatag atcttaggat ccttagtttc agagtaatgc tgacgatttt tgtatcgtca 180
ctgtttttgg tgctggccat ttttgccgct cttttccccg tatgtgtgtt gggttttgtg 240
tttggtttct ttgttgaaat caattcacct acccttatgg tttttgttgg gatgactccc 300
tttgttttga ccatttggac catggtttgg cgccattaca tcctccgtga attagagttg 360
attaattcag tgggttcgtt tgacgccctt tggacagaac ggaccaaaac cccttttggt 420
tttattgtca cgcccatagt ttcacatggt tgggaccttc tgacacctga attgtgggtt 480
tatcttcatc cccttctccc tgacttcctt aaggatgaac tcccaataag gatgaactca 540
caaatgttgg ctgccattgt ttgggctcat gttgtgaggt ctgctgaatt gataacacgt 600
ggtccaaatt tggcatcatt tttatttatc gtgatgttac ttaaacgcat gatagctgtt 660
ccaaaattct ctttcagact tgttttgaaa gttttaaagt ggtggtttct ttccacattg 720
tttatttggt tttgtggccc atcgtcaatt gagtcccttg tgttatgtat cgaggttttc 780
gtctccatct taaaaggtgg aatcattgtt gaatgggtga aatggcgtgt cactcttgct 840
gtggcttacc ttgctgcact gacttttgaa atctctgtcc tctcacataa gtatacacct 900
gaccaaatgt tgcaagaaag tgagaggagg ggtggtgctt ataagaggta tgtgcccatc 960
attaaagagt cattgatgag ggccacagtt tttgtcagcg acattggttt accacactat 1020
attcgtggca cccgtgaacc gactgtcgaa aatttaaaag aaagcctcac gattttacgt 1080
ggcttgggtt ggcctgtgaa cactcagctc actgatgatg ttaaccccgt cgctgaacgg 1140
catgggttta aggagtgggt tttgtgtggc actgactggc aacaaggtat tgccaatatg 1200
aagatgtaca ccgatcattt gctcaatgat ctacgtaagg atgctattga gtttcgtcgc 1260
actgaggaat atgcgaatat tgataatgag ttactggcca ctgcccggta ttttaaccgt 1320
ccgaggcatg actatcctga catgactgtc gaggaaatct ggcctgtttt ctctgacatt 1380
ttctcacata gtcgcttgac tccatttaat tatataatca agatgtggga taaacgttat 1440
tctctaggtg cttttatgca caaagagggt aaaaagggca aaatatcgag gaagagcttc 1500
atttctatga ttggtggcat ggcaaatttc aagaaactgt ggagggaaac ttttgctttt 1560
tcaaacatta ttgtgccagt ttctgctgtg tttgtaaagg gagaatcctt gcctccaaag 1620
aaatggctta acgacaaggt tagaacagtc attgggactc ctcttgttca ttacatcatg 1680
tcaaccatct ggaattatga gcccaaccat cgttttgcgt gggttaagac tcctattaaa 1740
atcgggatgc ctctcaacgg ttactggatg tcagacattt tcttcaggca ttctaggtgc 1800
cagatccatt gggctggaga catgactgat tttgactcgc atatttcggg taaggttagg 1860
gatttgatcc ctgccatccg aaagaaggga tacgagacgc atcgtgattt tgacaggatt 1920
tgcactctta tagatgttgc atatagccaa ctggatcacc agctcttgaa caccacaagc 1980
acgggtaata tttataataa aggcagcggt ctgaccacag gccattcatc aacctccatg 2040
gacaacagct tggccctcgt cattctgtat ctatttgctt ggaaagaatt aacaggcttg 2100
ggagcaaaag aattcatgca ttacaacgaa ctgtcaaatt ttggtgatga tcatgttctt 2160
tcgtgtcttg ctacgaaacc agccgcctgg acctttaaga atattcaatc agtcatgaat 2220
aagtggggcg tcaccaaccg tctggaagcg gaaggatcgc tggataatat gacatttttg 2280
tcgaagcata gtcgcaaggt gacagccttg gacaaagaga tgttcaaaag attacagata 2340
ccaactccta agagagtggt tttccatgac aaggaccgcc tggtcggtaa gatggttgca 2400
aggattaaga accctgaccc acggtataga gctaaacggc ttcttagtta cttgtctctt 2460
actgctcatc atgaagatgt ttatcttggt atcaagaaag tgctgttaag gtcaagcacc 2520
atgaaacgat cccttaggca aatgggtgtt actgtgccca cctatcagaa aatccttgcc 2580
gattggtacc acccatcaac acattctgtt acagatactt ttggcgaaac tgctgatgag 2640
gctgaacaaa gcggaatggt tttctcatac ggtcaagttg gctggtttga ttcattcatg 2700
ggagtattgt ccatgttacc agatgttgtt aaccccacaa tctttaactt tggttatgaa 2760
aggctcttac aactacatgg ccgtggttgg cttgaatggg cttaccactt tgttattgac 2820
actaataagg tgtcctcaca tggtgaggct cgtagtgtca ttaacaggac tccctactct 2880
tgtttgatac cggatatatt ttctggtgag tcctcgcctt atgatccttc tgtctatctt 2940
ctccgtcatt gggcctatat gtgttattac aagtatgtca ggcccaaatc cacaactcca 3000
tggatcgggg gtgtcacaaa gaagattgct gatctgcagt tcctgataaa tggtgaagtt 3060
aatgaggaaa ttggtgtctt aactttcaag gtggtcgata tacttgtgct gatgttatgc 3120
aaccttattc ccttgtctcc ctgggctggg ttggttgcag gtttacgatt gcctagactc 3180
gacatggtct tgaactcatt atggggctat gcttatgggt ttttctggca aaacgttcca 3240
cccaactata aggaagtgac acattcctta cgtagactta gcacgatagg tggtcccctt 3300
ttggtcacag ctcctactgg cactggcaaa agtaccactt tgatcaaaca cattgatctt 3360
gtggtaggtt tcaagtataa caagataatt gttgtcgaac cccgttcact cctcgtacaa 3420
acattggtcc ctttcgtaag ggatcatttg aaggttgatg caactggccg cacctcgggg 3480
tttgactttg aacggagagc taaagtgtgg tatgccacag ctcaagaagt cttgttgcac 3540
caaaaagaaa tgcttgaccc tctgaatttg gtcattattg atgaggccca tattgaagaa 3600
cccgcttatt tcgctttgaa agagatggtt tcatctatga aaggcggcat agattctgta 3660
tttgtcacgg ccaccccatc agacgctaac cttcatcagg ttaaacagac agtgaaacta 3720
gttgtagcac aactttggcg taatgatagg cgtgttttcc caattgaagc tggctcagct 3780
tataaggcgc ttgaaatata taggaacaaa attattgatg tcataaatga tttgcctcgt 3840
tcttcaaaaa ttttggcatt ttatccctct atagatggtg ctgagaaact gaaagaaaga 3900
ttgaataggc ctgctggttt gcttaattca gaatctagac aaacctcaga aaatgttatt 3960
ctgtccacct ctgtcgctga tgctggtctt actttgccac atgtagattt agtgttgtcc 4020
cttgattttg atatagttca aggtgggatg tcctcgaaac ctgtttttgc taaactctca 4080
actgcccagg tccagcaaag gcaaggtagg acgggcagga ctaataatgg tttgttttac 4140
tttttcccaa gcacaggttt cgatttgcca atggcttcag aaattttaac ttcaccagaa 4200
gctcaattcg gccaactcat aagcctaggg ctacccgtta gtaagctacc ggatattgat 4260
tcaaaactta tccctgcttt gttccgtgtt tttggccttt cccttcgaga ccaaggtgaa 4320
attgaccgga ccatggaaca aatggaccgt gtgcttcgaa attttgaggc ttggcggcaa 4380
ggccgtgcaa ttgaacttag cggagatatc cgagatagcc cccctgctaa aatctttgat 4440
tacaccgccg caggtgtcgt ttcagagtct agccaggaag aaacagatga agttctccat 4500
aatgcccttg tcctcgctgc tgaaactgca aatattacta atgggaaaac aggtgacgtt 4560
gatcgtctca tgaagtccct ttctagactg gctgcagtta cagcaacgca agcacctatc 4620
attggtgctg tgccttacga gtttgcgaaa gaactggatc cctctttaac cttcagcgaa 4680
tgggaattca acaggaagtc ttttgacaaa gtttaaagtt tattggcctg acgattttaa 4740
aagatgaaag ccacggctag ccatggagcg tatagatcaa gttatagggg ctttgatgcc 4800
cattagtatc aatgataacg agatgactct tgtcacaaac atgacaccca gtgacctcaa 4860
ggaccttctt gaacaagtca aagaagattt tctgcagaaa caggatgaga tgaagtcccc 4920
tgttactcca gatcctcttg ctttcatgaa gcccaagtct aacacaggtt tgccctcttc 4980
ctcaaacagg gagactagct accaactgcc acctcaccta gtgactaggt tgcagaggtt 5040
gagcggggca aactcctgtg atgaaataga ggccgttagg atgttattac gtcaggaacg 5100
cacatcggtg aggggtcgtc cttttgcatc tactgccaat gagttaatcc agtcgtatct 5160
tagcactcta agtaaatact atgcaattgc gaaacgtcgt gggtcttaat ccactattcc 5220
gcgctttcac gtgacctggc ctgaagatct ttaggtgaaa acctccgggt tagccagatg 5280
gcagaaacaa ttaaagacaa taagtctcta gctgagacag agttaactga gggtgcattt 5340
ttgcgtaaag aaatagaaag ttatgccaag caacaagtga ccctccgtgg agagtctgga 5400
tttttcctca caaagacgca gcttcaggat cttgaggcca gggtgcaaat cctagctgaa 5460
tctgggacaa cttccacgtc ccaaaaggtt ttgatcgatt tgaataataa gctcgcactt 5520
atggctaagc gggcagagat ggccgaaact gccaaagaag ccgctgaagc caagctcagt 5580
gttcatgaaa aggacatatc agacctcaat gtggccctaa caaaaatccg caaagaatct 5640
gacatgacaa aagctaacct gaacactgaa aaagaacgct tgaagcagga gcaacttacc 5700
cttaagaatc ttcaaaagaa gatgttgaag caggctactg accccgccga tgccgcaaaa 5760
gtttccgaac agcttaaggc tgtccaggat caacaagccc ttgtcaatgc tcaatacaag 5820
gaagcccagt ctcaggttgc aactcttcaa gcccaactta atgaagccaa tgctctgaag 5880
gccactgaac aggccaaaat caaagctgct aaatggcgga cacttaaaga tgaattggaa 5940
cgagttgaac ccgaacctat ggctgatctt gaacttgatg agattttgga tggtgcaacc 6000
cttaaaaggg ttttcagcga agaatcactt aaggaaatca agaaagctgc agaaattaga 6060
agagaaaaca tacgtgagta tgcatatacc ctcctgactc tggctggaag gacagaccct 6120
agaaattata tcgggtaccg tgactatgcc cgggcacttt tctataaaat taaaaagtct 6180
gacctttcta aaagaactaa gtttatgcct gcactcgatg gcctctttga ttccctggtc 6240
aagaaacatg gcccaaaact gaaggaggtt aaagctgaat tttcagagct ttttgccact 6300
tcagaagagg ccgaacgaga cagtaggaat gatttccttg gcacgccgga tgaagaaagg 6360
tcttggtttc agactataaa ctgggacctt tggacaataa aggccagaat acggcatcgt 6420
tggcgttctc tatggaggaa gccacatgat gaccccacca ccagttccaa aactggtaaa 6480
ggtgtcttca ccacctccat caattttctc aagaaacttg gccttttctt cctgtcccct 6540
ttcacgaggg ggccaagaga aaaggctgag attgatgcat tgaagtctaa acttgcagac 6600
atgcaatgat tagctttagt gtttcatctt ttcttgagtt ttgcatgatg atgtggaagg 6660
ttgtggtgtg gactaagggt cttgcatgca taataatttg cctgaccctt tccttgttca 6720
tc 6753
Claims (10)
1.一种真菌病毒,其特征在于:为正义单链RNA病毒,其核苷酸序列如SEQ ID No. 1。
2.一种含有权利要求 1所述真菌病毒的弱毒性菌株,其分类命名为梨腐烂病(Valsapyri)YN-3菌株,保藏号为CCTCC NO: M 2022393。
3.一种梨腐烂病(Valsa pyri)真菌,其特征在于:所述真菌被权利要求1所述的真菌病毒感染。
4.一种发酵液,其特征在于:为权利要求2所述YN-3菌株的发酵液。
5.权利要求2所述的弱毒性菌株或权利要求3所述的梨腐烂病(Valsa pyri)真菌或权利要求4所述的发酵液在抑制梨腐烂病(Valsa pyri)真菌致病力中的应用。
6.权利要求2所述的弱毒性菌株或权利要求3所述的梨腐烂病(Valsa pyri)真菌或权利要求4所述的发酵液在制备梨腐烂病(Valsa pyri)真菌防治剂中的应用。
7.权利要求2所述的弱毒性菌株总RNA在转染梨腐烂病(Valsa pyri)真菌原生质体中的应用。
8.一种梨腐烂病(Valsa pyri)真菌减毒的方法,是利用权利要求2所述的弱毒性菌株与待减毒菌株对峙接种。
9.一种梨腐烂病(Valsa pyri)真菌防治剂,包含权利要求2所述的弱毒性菌株和/或权利要求3所述的梨腐烂病(Valsa pyri)真菌和/或权利要求4所述的发酵液。
10.一种梨腐烂病(Valsa pyri)真菌的防治方法,包括步骤:使权利要求9所述的防治剂与植物接触。
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