CN114914326A - Laser sintering method for solar cell - Google Patents

Laser sintering method for solar cell Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114914326A
CN114914326A CN202110176427.7A CN202110176427A CN114914326A CN 114914326 A CN114914326 A CN 114914326A CN 202110176427 A CN202110176427 A CN 202110176427A CN 114914326 A CN114914326 A CN 114914326A
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China
Prior art keywords
laser sintering
sintering
solar cell
sintering method
laser
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Pending
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CN202110176427.7A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
谈锦彪
马敏杰
从海泉
王鹏
马擎天
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Huansheng Photovoltaic Jiangsu Co Ltd
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Huansheng Photovoltaic Jiangsu Co Ltd
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Priority to CN202110176427.7A priority Critical patent/CN114914326A/en
Publication of CN114914326A publication Critical patent/CN114914326A/en
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/18Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof
    • H01L31/1804Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof comprising only elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/02Details
    • H01L31/0224Electrodes
    • H01L31/022408Electrodes for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier
    • H01L31/022425Electrodes for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier for solar cells
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a laser sintering method of a solar cell, which comprises the following steps: at least obtaining Mark points on two printed battery pieces to determine the positions of the battery pieces; and executing a preset sintering route to sequentially perform laser sintering on the main grid and the fine grid in the front of the cell. The laser sintering method of the invention has the advantages of uniform sintering, and better warping degree consistency of the cell slice; and the fragments are less, the recombination rate of the battery is reduced, the conversion efficiency of the battery is improved, the production cost can be effectively reduced, the environmental pollution is less, and meanwhile, the sintering temperature and the slurry forming state can be more accurately controlled.

Description

Laser sintering method for solar cell
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of solar silicon wafer sintering, and particularly relates to a laser sintering method of a solar cell.
Background
The battery piece after all sintering through fire equipment to screen printing at present, but to the sintering of unidimensional silicon chip, need change the sintering board and sinter, nevertheless because temperature regulation's limitation in the current sintering equipment leads to the sintering inhomogeneous, especially its edge is great with inside sintering effect difference for the battery piece angularity changes greatly, and the piece is more, and the compound rate of battery piece is great moreover, causes battery conversion efficiency low.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a laser sintering method for a solar cell, which solves the technical problems that the warping degree of the cell is changed greatly, more fragments are generated, the recombination rate of the cell is higher, and the cell conversion efficiency is low in the prior art.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a laser sintering method of a solar cell slice comprises the following steps:
at least obtaining Mark points on two printed battery pieces to determine the positions of the battery pieces;
and executing a preset sintering route to sequentially perform laser sintering on the main grid and the fine grid in the front of the cell.
Further, the temperature of the laser sintering is 600-800 ℃; the sintering time is 10-30 s.
Further, the power of the laser head is 18-25W.
Further, the wavelength was 512 nm.
Further, a step of printing the main grid and the fine grid in sequence is also arranged before the laser sintering.
Further, the preset sintering route is consistent with the route of printing the main grids and the fine grids in the front side of the battery piece.
Further, at least one Mark point is a first Mark point and is arranged close to the initial end of the primary grid printed firstly.
Further, at least one Mark point is a second Mark point and is arranged near the tail end of the fine grid printed last.
Further, the shape of the first Mark point is different from that of the second Mark point.
Further, a step of drying the printed battery piece is also arranged between the laser sintering and the printing.
By adopting the laser sintering method designed by the invention, the sintering is uniform, and the warping degree consistency of the battery piece is better; and the fragments are less, the recombination rate of the battery is reduced, and the conversion efficiency of the battery is improved. Compared with the traditional sintering method, the invention can effectively reduce the production cost, has less environmental pollution and can more accurately control the sintering temperature and the slurry forming state.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a laser sintering method for a solar cell according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery cell according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of section A of one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of portion B of an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure:
10. main grid 20, fine grid 30, Mark point one
40. Mark point two
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and specific embodiments.
The embodiment provides a laser sintering method for a solar cell, as shown in fig. 1, the method includes the steps of:
s1, printing battery piece
The back silver-aluminum paste and the front silver paste of the cell are printed in sequence by adopting a screen printing mode, and the main grid 10 and the fine grid 20 are printed in sequence when the front silver paste is printed, wherein the main grid 10 and the fine grid 20 are distributed as shown in figure 2. In the present embodiment, there are two main grids 10 and a plurality of fine grids 20, and the main grids 10 are perpendicular to the fine grids 20. In order to protect the printing height of the fine grid, the main grid 10 is printed in advance and then the fine grid 20 is printed.
Of course, when the front surface of the battery piece is printed, the printing can be performed by adopting a screen printing plate for one-time screen printing, and the printing can also be performed by adopting a distributed printing screen plate, which are both within the protection scope of the present application.
S2, drying
After the back surface of the battery piece and the front surface of the battery piece are printed each time, a process of drying the printing slurry in sequence is also arranged, namely, when the back surface of the battery piece is printed, the printing silver-aluminum slurry can be dried and solidified; and after the back face printing is finished, turning over the battery piece and enabling the front face of the battery piece to face upwards, corresponding to the screen printing plate, and printing silver paste on the front face to sequentially finish the printing of the main grid and the fine grid.
The drying aims to solidify and solidify the printed slurry, so that the subsequent sintering is facilitated, the movement of the slurry can be reduced, and the phenomenon of non-uniformity in printing is avoided.
S3, laser sintering
The CAD drawing of the laser sintering route is preset in advance and introduced into a terminal device, such as a computer, so that the laser head performs the preset sintering route and laser sinters the main grid 10 and the fine grid 20 in the front surface of the cell piece in sequence.
As shown in fig. 2, in this embodiment, there are at least two Mark points on the printed battery piece to determine the position of the battery piece, and at least one Mark point is Mark point one 30 and is arranged near the beginning of the main grid 10 that is printed first during printing; that is, when printing, the left main grid 10 is selected as the first main grid to be printed, and the printing is performed from top to bottom, and the start point Mark one 30 is preferably selected to be arranged at the upper end of the left main grid 10. And at least one Mark point is a second Mark point 40 and is arranged close to the end part of the fine grid 20 which is printed at the end when printing; that is, when printing, the uppermost fine grid 20 is rotated to be the first printed fine grid line, and printing is performed from left to right and from top to bottom, the second end Mark point 40 is preferably disposed at the right side portion of the fine grid 20 at the lower end. The second Mark point 40 is also arranged on the main grid 10 and is diagonally arranged with the first Mark point 30; the first Mark point 30 and the second Mark point 40 have different graphic shapes, for example, the first Mark point 30 has a circular structure, as shown in fig. 3; the second Mark point 40 is of a square structure, and is shown in FIG. 4; certainly, the graphic structures of the first Mark point 30 and the second Mark point 40 can also be graphics of other structures, such as a triangle and other regular polygons, but it is required to ensure that the first Mark point 30 and the second Mark point 40 are graphics of special shapes, which is convenient for the camera to recognize, when the camera recognizes the first Mark point 30, the position of the starting point of the set laser route can be known, and the laser scanning sintering can be performed according to the pre-set CAD graphic structure; when the second Mark point 40 is recognized, it is possible to know in which direction the end point of the set laser path is located, and to accurately perform laser scanning sintering according to the set laser path.
In this embodiment, the laser sintering route is consistent with the route of the main grid 10 and the fine grid 20 in the front surface of the printed battery piece, that is, the sequence of the main grid 10 and the fine grid 20 in the front surface of the printed battery piece is consistent, that is, the grid lines printed first are sintered first, and then the grid lines printed are sintered, so as to ensure the printing quality, obtain a better battery piece, form a better sintering effect, reduce the battery compounding rate, and improve the battery conversion efficiency.
Meanwhile, the damage to the cell can be reduced to the maximum extent by laser sintering, and the front side and the back side of the whole cell can be sintered only by performing laser sintering on the front side of the cell. The laser sintering temperature is 600-800 ℃, and the sintering time is 10-30 s; meanwhile, the power of the laser head is 18-25W, and the wavelength is 512 nm. The front side sintering temperature is higher than the back side sintering temperature, the front side laser sintering temperature is 600-800 ℃, and the cell piece is thinner and has the thickness of 20-50 mu m. The sintering temperature of the laser head to the front side of the cell is higher than 500-600 ℃ of the sintering temperature of the back side, so that the sintering temperature of the laser head to the front side of the cell is enough to meet the sintering temperature of the back side, and the sintering of the back side and the front side can be synchronously completed.
Meanwhile, the surface of each grid line can be heated through laser radiation by adopting laser sintering, the surface heat is diffused to the inside through heat conduction, and the solidified printing slurry is melted to form a specific molten pool by controlling laser parameters such as the wavelength, the peak power, the repetition frequency and the like of laser, so that the sintering is finished. The sintering method is suitable for processing solar cells with various sizes, and corresponding laser parameters can be adjusted according to the method no matter how the size of the solar cells changes, so that laser sintering of the solar cells is completed.
The existing method of sintering the back surface of the battery piece can not finish the sintering temperature of the front silver powder, if the two surfaces are sintered, stress concentration can be generated due to overhigh temperature, cracking or hidden cracking is easier to occur, and the yield is lower. By adopting the method for aligning the single side of the battery piece, namely, the front side of the battery piece is subjected to laser sintering instead of double-side sintering, the battery fragments can be effectively reduced, the warping degree of the battery piece can be reduced, the yield is high, the sintering effect is good, the equipment cost and the electricity cost can be reduced, and the environmental pollution is small; compared with the traditional sintering method, the sintering temperature and the slurry forming state can be more accurately controlled.
After the drying is finished, the front side is still arranged upwards, the dried battery piece is transferred to the sintering chamber through the movable guide rail, and when the battery piece is transferred to the position under the laser head, Mark points on the two printed battery pieces are at least obtained to determine the position of the battery piece. And sequentially carrying out laser sintering on the main grids 10 and the fine grids 20 in the front of the cell according to a laser sintering route preset in advance, and further completing the sintering work of the cell.
By adopting the laser sintering method designed by the invention, the sintering is uniform, and the warping degree consistency of the battery piece is better; and the fragments are less, the recombination rate of the battery is reduced, and the conversion efficiency of the battery is improved. Compared with the traditional sintering method, the invention can effectively reduce the production cost, has less environmental pollution and can more accurately control the sintering temperature and the slurry forming state.
The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, and the description is only for the preferred embodiments of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made within the scope of the present invention shall fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A laser sintering method of a solar cell is characterized by comprising the following steps:
at least obtaining Mark points on two printed battery pieces to determine the positions of the battery pieces;
and executing a preset sintering route to sequentially perform laser sintering on the main grid and the fine grid in the front surface of the cell.
2. The laser sintering method of claim 1, wherein the laser sintering temperature is 600-800 ℃; the sintering time is 10-30 s.
3. The laser sintering method for the solar cell slice as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the power of the laser head is 18-25W.
4. The laser sintering method for solar cells as claimed in claim 3, wherein the wavelength is 512 nm.
5. The laser sintering method for the solar cell slice as claimed in any one of claims 1-2 and 4, wherein there is further provided a step of printing the main grid and the fine grid in sequence before the laser sintering.
6. The laser sintering method for the solar cell slice as claimed in claim 5, wherein the preset sintering route is consistent with the route of printing the main grids and the fine grids on the front surface of the solar cell slice.
7. The laser sintering method for the solar cell slice as claimed in any one of claims 1-2, 4 and 6, wherein at least one of the Mark points is a Mark point I and is arranged near the beginning end of the primary grid which is printed first.
8. The laser sintering method for the solar cell slice as claimed in claim 7, wherein at least one of the Mark points is a Mark point two and is arranged near the end of the fine grid printed last.
9. The laser sintering method for the solar cell slice as claimed in claim 8, wherein the first Mark points and the second Mark points have different graphic shapes.
10. The laser sintering method for solar cells as claimed in any one of claims 1-2, 4, 6 and 8-9, wherein a step of drying the printed cells is further provided between the laser sintering and the printing.
CN202110176427.7A 2021-02-09 2021-02-09 Laser sintering method for solar cell Pending CN114914326A (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116722079A (en) * 2023-08-09 2023-09-08 浙江晶科能源有限公司 Solar cell manufacturing method, solar cell and photovoltaic module
CN118198203A (en) * 2024-05-15 2024-06-14 深圳市圭华智能科技有限公司 Laser sintering method and related device for solar cell

Citations (8)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104129183A (en) * 2014-08-06 2014-11-05 中利腾晖光伏科技有限公司 Method of printing obverse-side electrode of solar battery piece
US20160329529A1 (en) * 2014-12-15 2016-11-10 Boe Technology Group Co., Ltd. Laser sintering device and laser sintering method
CN108766923A (en) * 2018-08-01 2018-11-06 国家电投集团西安太阳能电力有限公司 Positive electrode screen printing plate structure of solar cell and preparation method
CN108878591A (en) * 2018-07-02 2018-11-23 通威太阳能(安徽)有限公司 A kind of laser sintering processes of crystal silicon solar batteries metal electrode
CN109888053A (en) * 2019-01-03 2019-06-14 浙江爱旭太阳能科技有限公司 P-type PERC double-sided solar battery aligns printing process, preparation method and battery
CN109904249A (en) * 2019-01-03 2019-06-18 浙江爱旭太阳能科技有限公司 P-type PERC double-sided solar battery back side figure aligns printing process, preparation method and battery
CN110137281A (en) * 2019-05-30 2019-08-16 江苏欧达丰新能源科技发展有限公司 The method that laser sintered metal powder grain prepares photovoltaic cell gate line electrode
CN111312862A (en) * 2020-04-08 2020-06-19 江苏润阳悦达光伏科技有限公司 Alignment marking mode of selective emitter battery

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104129183A (en) * 2014-08-06 2014-11-05 中利腾晖光伏科技有限公司 Method of printing obverse-side electrode of solar battery piece
US20160329529A1 (en) * 2014-12-15 2016-11-10 Boe Technology Group Co., Ltd. Laser sintering device and laser sintering method
CN108878591A (en) * 2018-07-02 2018-11-23 通威太阳能(安徽)有限公司 A kind of laser sintering processes of crystal silicon solar batteries metal electrode
CN108766923A (en) * 2018-08-01 2018-11-06 国家电投集团西安太阳能电力有限公司 Positive electrode screen printing plate structure of solar cell and preparation method
CN109888053A (en) * 2019-01-03 2019-06-14 浙江爱旭太阳能科技有限公司 P-type PERC double-sided solar battery aligns printing process, preparation method and battery
CN109904249A (en) * 2019-01-03 2019-06-18 浙江爱旭太阳能科技有限公司 P-type PERC double-sided solar battery back side figure aligns printing process, preparation method and battery
CN110137281A (en) * 2019-05-30 2019-08-16 江苏欧达丰新能源科技发展有限公司 The method that laser sintered metal powder grain prepares photovoltaic cell gate line electrode
CN111312862A (en) * 2020-04-08 2020-06-19 江苏润阳悦达光伏科技有限公司 Alignment marking mode of selective emitter battery

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116722079A (en) * 2023-08-09 2023-09-08 浙江晶科能源有限公司 Solar cell manufacturing method, solar cell and photovoltaic module
CN116722079B (en) * 2023-08-09 2024-05-28 浙江晶科能源有限公司 Solar cell manufacturing method, solar cell and photovoltaic module
CN118198203A (en) * 2024-05-15 2024-06-14 深圳市圭华智能科技有限公司 Laser sintering method and related device for solar cell
CN118198203B (en) * 2024-05-15 2024-07-19 深圳市圭华智能科技有限公司 Laser sintering method and related device for solar cell

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