CN114910363A - Loading device and experimental method - Google Patents
Loading device and experimental method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114910363A CN114910363A CN202210511900.7A CN202210511900A CN114910363A CN 114910363 A CN114910363 A CN 114910363A CN 202210511900 A CN202210511900 A CN 202210511900A CN 114910363 A CN114910363 A CN 114910363A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
- G01N3/10—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces generated by pneumatic or hydraulic pressure
- G01N3/12—Pressure testing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0001—Type of application of the stress
- G01N2203/0003—Steady
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0016—Tensile or compressive
- G01N2203/0019—Compressive
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/003—Generation of the force
- G01N2203/0042—Pneumatic or hydraulic means
- G01N2203/0044—Pneumatic means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/003—Generation of the force
- G01N2203/0042—Pneumatic or hydraulic means
- G01N2203/0048—Hydraulic means
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a loading device and an experimental method. Wherein, first box is connected with the axle pressure jar to carry first liquid to the axle pressure jar, the second box is connected with the confining pressure jar, in order to carry the second liquid to the confining pressure jar, thereby realize applying the purpose of axle pressure and confining pressure to the sample respectively, and then need not the manual regulation loading device and realize applying the purpose of axle pressure and confining pressure to the sample, be favorable to improving loading device's degree of automation. In addition, first box still is connected with the confining pressure jar for when the second box carried the second liquid to the confining pressure jar, first box also can be to the confining pressure jar first liquid of transport, makes the confining pressure jar be full of liquid fast, thereby improves the efficiency of experiment. That is, the loading device and the experimental method provided by the invention can improve the automation degree and the experimental efficiency of the loading device.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of material dynamics performance measuring devices, in particular to a loading device and an experimental method thereof.
Background
In the experiment of researching the dynamic performance of materials (such as concrete, rock and the like), axial pressure and confining pressure are applied to the materials through a loading device, so that the stress state of the materials in a geological environment is simulated, and the measured dynamic performance of the materials is more accurate. However, in the related art, the axial pressure is applied to the material by manually adjusting the axial pressure rod of the loading device, which is not only labor-consuming, but also inefficient in experiment.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention discloses a loading device and an experimental method, which can improve the automation degree and the experimental efficiency of the loading device.
In order to achieve the above object, in a first aspect, the present invention discloses a loading device for performing a dynamic performance test on a sample, the loading device comprising:
the shaft pressing cylinder is used for providing shaft pressing for the sample;
the first box body is used for storing a first liquid, and the first box body is connected with the axial compression cylinder so as to convey the first liquid to the axial compression cylinder;
the confining pressure cylinder is used for providing confining pressure for the test sample, the confining pressure cylinder is connected with the first box body, and the first box body is further used for conveying the first liquid to the confining pressure cylinder; and
and the second box body is used for storing second liquid and is connected with the confining pressure cylinder so as to convey the second liquid to the confining pressure cylinder.
As an alternative implementation, in an embodiment of the present invention, the loading device further includes a first electric pump, and the first tank is connected to the axial compression cylinder through the first electric pump, and the first electric pump is configured to deliver the first fluid in the first tank to the axial compression cylinder.
As an optional implementation manner, in an embodiment of the present invention, a first pipeline and a second pipeline are connected between the second box and the enclosure pressure cylinder, two ends of the first pipeline are respectively connected to the second box and the enclosure pressure cylinder, and two ends of the second pipeline are respectively connected to the second box and the enclosure pressure cylinder.
As an alternative implementation manner, in an embodiment of the present invention, the loading device further includes a second electric pump, the second electric pump is disposed on the first pipeline, and the second electric pump is configured to deliver the second liquid in the second tank to the confining cylinder.
As an alternative implementation manner, in an embodiment of the present invention, the loading device further includes a third electric pump, the third electric pump is disposed on the second pipeline, and the third electric pump is configured to deliver the second liquid in the second tank to the confining cylinder.
As an alternative implementation, in an embodiment of the present invention, the first tank is connected to the confining pressure cylinder through the third electric pump, and the third electric pump is further configured to deliver the first liquid in the first tank to the confining pressure cylinder.
As an optional implementation manner, in an embodiment of the present invention, the loading device further includes a third box, where the third box is connected to the confining pressure cylinder, and the third box is used for recovering the first liquid and the second liquid in the confining pressure cylinder.
As an alternative implementation manner, in an embodiment of the present invention, the loading device further includes a pressure tank, the pressure tank is used for storing gas or a third liquid, the pressure tank is connected with the sample, and the pressure tank is used for delivering the gas or the third liquid to the sample so as to provide osmotic pressure for the sample.
As an alternative implementation manner, in an embodiment of the present invention, the loading device further includes a third pipeline and a fourth pipeline, the third pipeline is connected to the pressure tank, and the sample is disposed between the third pipeline and the fourth pipeline, the third pipeline is used for conveying the gas or the third liquid in the pressure tank to the sample, and the fourth pipeline is used for conveying the gas or the third liquid flowing out of the sample;
a flow meter is arranged on the third pipeline and/or the fourth pipeline and is used for measuring the flow rate of the gas or the third liquid flowing into the sample and/or the flow rate of the gas or the third liquid flowing out of the sample.
In a second aspect, the present invention further discloses an experimental method for a loading device, where the loading device is the loading device of the first aspect, and the experimental method includes:
conveying the first liquid in the first box body and the second liquid in the second box body to the confining pressure cylinder so as to fill the confining pressure cylinder with the first liquid and the second liquid;
transferring the first liquid in the first tank to the axial pressure cylinder to apply axial pressure to the sample;
and conveying the second liquid in the second box body to the confining pressure cylinder so as to apply confining pressure to the sample.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the embodiment of the invention provides a loading device and an experimental method. This loading device is through setting up first box and carrying first liquid to the axle pressure jar, and the second box carries the second liquid to the confining pressure jar to the realization is applyed the purpose of axle pressure and confining pressure to the sample respectively, and then need not the manual regulation loading device and realize applying the purpose of axle pressure and confining pressure to the sample, is favorable to improving loading device's degree of automation, and reduces artificial consumption. In addition, the first box body is connected with the confining pressure cylinder, so that the first box body can convey the first liquid to the confining pressure cylinder while the second box body conveys the second liquid to the confining pressure cylinder, the confining pressure cylinder can be quickly filled with the liquid, and the experiment efficiency is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a first schematic structural diagram of a loading device (axial pressure and confining pressure) disclosed by an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a second structural diagram of a loading device (axial pressure and confining pressure) according to the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a third structure of a loading device (osmotic pressure) disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a fourth structure of the loading device (osmotic pressure) disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of an overall structure of a loading device according to an embodiment of the disclosure;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a loading apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a flowchart of an experimental method of a loading device disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention.
Description of the main reference numerals: 100. a loading device; 11. a shaft pressure cylinder; 12. a first case; 13. enclosing the pressure cylinder; 14. a second case; 15. a first electric pump; 151. a first electric pump body; 152. a first motor; 16. a controller; 17. a first control valve; 18. a second control valve; 19. a first pressure sensor; 20. a first conduit; 21. a second conduit; 22. a second electric pump; 221. a second electric pump body; 222. a second motor; 23. a third control valve; 24. a fourth control valve; 25. a second pressure sensor; 26. a third electric pump; 27. a fifth control valve; 28. a filter; 29. a third box body; 30. a sixth control valve; 31. a pressure tank; 32. a third pipeline; 33. a fourth pipe; 34. a flow meter; 341. a first flow meter; 342. a second flow meter; 343. a third flow meter; 344. a fourth flow meter; 35. a third pressure sensor; 36. a display; 37. a seventh control valve; 38. an eighth control valve; 39. a fourth electric pump; 40. a fourth box body; 41. a control panel; 41a, confining pressure liquid absorption keys; 41b, a confining pressure liquid drainage key; 41c, pressing the liquid absorbing key axially; 41d, an axial compression drainage key; 41e, osmotic pressure control keys; 42. a device main body; 200. and (4) testing the sample.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the present invention, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "center", "vertical", "horizontal", "lateral", "longitudinal", and the like indicate an orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. These terms are used primarily to better describe the invention and its embodiments and are not intended to limit the indicated devices, elements or components to a particular orientation or to be constructed and operated in a particular orientation.
Moreover, some of the above terms may be used to indicate other meanings besides the orientation or positional relationship, for example, the term "on" may also be used to indicate some kind of attachment or connection relationship in some cases. The specific meanings of these terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art as appropriate.
Furthermore, the terms "mounted," "disposed," "provided," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a removable connection, or a unitary construction; can be a mechanical connection, or an electrical connection; may be directly connected, or indirectly connected through intervening media, or may be in internal communication between two devices, elements or components. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to specific situations.
Moreover, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used primarily to distinguish one device, element, or component from another (the specific type and configuration may or may not be the same), and are not used to indicate or imply the relative importance or number of the indicated devices, elements, or components. "plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.
The technical solution of the present invention will be further described with reference to the following embodiments and the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3 together, the present application discloses a loading device, where the loading device 100 is used for performing a dynamic performance experiment on a sample 200 (such as concrete, rock, etc.), and can apply axial pressure and confining pressure to the sample 200, so as to simulate a stress state of the sample 200 in a geological environment, and make the measured dynamic performance of the sample 200 more accurate. Specifically, the loading device 100 includes a shaft pressure cylinder 11, a first case 12, a confining pressure cylinder 13, and a second case 14. The axial pressing cylinder 11 is used to provide axial pressure to the test sample 200. The first tank 12 is used for storing the first liquid, and the first tank 12 is connected to the axial cylinder 11 to supply the first liquid to the axial cylinder 11. Confining pressure cylinder 13 is used for providing confining pressure for sample 200, and confining pressure cylinder 13 is connected with first box 12, and first box 12 is still used for carrying first liquid to confining pressure cylinder 13. The second tank 14 is used for storing a second liquid, and the second tank 14 is connected with the confining pressure cylinder 13 to deliver the second liquid to the confining pressure cylinder 13. The first liquid may be hydraulic oil, lubricating oil, engine oil or water, and the second liquid may be hydraulic oil, lubricating oil, engine oil or water.
The loading device 100 provided by the embodiment conveys the first liquid to the axial compression cylinder 11 by arranging the first box body 12, and conveys the second liquid to the confining pressure cylinder 13 by the second box body 14, so that the purpose of respectively applying axial pressure and confining pressure to the sample 200 is realized, the purpose of applying axial pressure and confining pressure to the sample 200 is further realized without manually adjusting the loading device 100, the improvement of the automation degree of the loading device 100 is facilitated, and the manual consumption is reduced. In addition, because the volume of the confining pressure cylinder 13 is large, it takes a long time to fill the confining pressure cylinder 13 with liquid, therefore, the loading device 100 provided by this embodiment further connects the first box 12 with the confining pressure cylinder 13, so that when the second box 14 conveys the second liquid to the confining pressure cylinder 13, the first box 12 can also convey the first liquid to the confining pressure cylinder 13, so that the confining pressure cylinder 13 can be filled with liquid quickly, thereby improving the efficiency of the experiment. That is, the loading device 100 provided in the present embodiment can improve the automation degree and the experiment efficiency of the loading device 100.
In some embodiments, the loading device 100 further comprises a first electric pump 15, the first tank 12 is connected to the cylinder 11 via the first electric pump 15, and the first electric pump 15 is configured to deliver the first liquid in the first tank 12 to the cylinder 11. That is, the first liquid in the first tank 12 can be delivered to the axial compression cylinder 11 by the first electric pump 15 for the purpose of providing axial compression to the test specimen 200.
Further, the first electric pump 15 includes a first electric pump main body 151 and a first electric motor 152 electrically connected to the first electric pump main body 151, and the first electric motor 152 is configured to control the first electric pump main body 151 to suck the first liquid in the first tank 12 and to deliver the first liquid sucked by the first electric pump main body 151 to the axial compression cylinder 11, so as to achieve the purpose of providing axial compression for the test sample 200.
Alternatively, the first electric pump 15 may be a plunger type metering pump, a mechanical diaphragm type metering pump, an electromagnetic diaphragm type metering pump, or the like, which is specifically selected according to actual situations. Since the plunger type metering pump has low noise and high accuracy, the plunger type metering pump is preferably used in the present embodiment, which can improve the stability and accuracy of the axial pressure applied by the loading device 100 and reduce the noise generated by the loading device 100.
For the purpose of automatically applying the axial pressure, in some embodiments, the loading device 100 further includes a controller 16, the controller 16 is electrically connected to the first motor 152, and the controller 16 is configured to control the first motor 152, so as to control the first electric pump body 151 to suck the first liquid in the first box 12 and deliver a certain amount of the first liquid to the axial pressure cylinder 11, so as to control the amount of the axial pressure applied to the sample 200 by the axial pressure cylinder 11. For example, assuming that 12kN of axial pressure needs to be applied to the sample 200 when performing a dynamic performance experiment on the sample 200, that is, the first box 12 needs to convey 12L of the first liquid into the axial pressure cylinder 11 to achieve the purpose that the axial pressure cylinder 11 applies 12kN of axial pressure to the sample 200, at this time, the controller 16 can control the first electric pump main body 151 to suck 12L of the first liquid and convey the sucked first liquid into the axial pressure cylinder 11 by controlling the first motor 152, thereby achieving the purpose of accurately and automatically applying axial pressure to the sample 200.
Further, a connection pipe between the first tank 12 and the first electric pump main body 151 is provided with a first control valve 17, and the first control valve 17 is used to control opening and closing of the connection pipe between the first tank 12 and the first electric pump main body 151. That is, when the first electric pump main body 151 sucks the first liquid into the first tank 12, the first control valve 17 is opened, and at this time, the connection pipe between the first tank 12 and the first electric pump main body 151 is communicated, and the first electric pump main body 151 can suck the first liquid in the first tank 12. When the first electric pump body 151 delivers the first liquid to the axial cylinder 11, the first control valve 17 is closed, and at this time, the connection pipe between the first tank 12 and the first electric pump body 151 is closed, so that the first electric pump body 151 can be prevented from returning the first liquid to the first tank 12.
Alternatively, the first control valve 17 may be an electric valve, a hydraulic valve, or the like, which may be determined according to actual conditions.
Further, to improve the automation degree of the loading device 100, the first control valve 17 may be electrically connected to the controller 16, so that the controller 16 can control the first control valve 17 to open or close, thereby eliminating the need for manual operations to open or close the first control valve 17.
In some embodiments, the connection pipe between the first electric pump main body 151 and the axial compression cylinder 11 is provided with a second control valve 18, and the second control valve 18 is used for controlling the opening and closing of the connection pipe between the first electric pump main body 151 and the axial compression cylinder 11. That is, when the first electric pump body 151 sucks the first liquid into the first tank 12, the second control valve 18 is closed, and at this time, the connection pipe between the axial cylinder 11 and the first electric pump body 151 is closed, and the first electric pump body 151 can suck the first liquid in the first tank 12. When the first electric pump main body 151 delivers the first liquid to the axial compression cylinder 11, the second control valve 18 is opened, and at this time, the connection pipeline between the axial compression cylinder 11 and the first electric pump main body 151 is opened, so that the first electric pump main body 151 can deliver the first liquid to the axial compression cylinder 11, and the purpose of applying axial compression to the test sample 200 is achieved.
Alternatively, the second control valve 18 may be an electric valve, a hydraulic valve, or the like, which may be determined according to actual conditions.
Further, to improve the automation degree of the loading device 100, the second control valve 18 may be electrically connected to the controller 16, so that the controller 16 can control the second control valve 18 to open or close, thereby eliminating the need for manually opening or closing the second control valve 18.
In addition, in order to intuitively obtain the magnitude of the shaft pressure applied by the shaft pressure cylinder 11 to the test sample 200, in some embodiments, the first pressure sensor 19 is disposed between the first electric pump 15 and the shaft pressure cylinder 11, that is, the first pressure sensor 19 is disposed between the first electric pump main body 151 and the shaft pressure cylinder 11, so that the hydraulic pressure in the shaft pressure cylinder 11 can be detected by the first pressure sensor 19, thereby obtaining the magnitude of the shaft pressure applied by the shaft pressure cylinder 11 to the test sample 200. That is, the experimenter can intuitively obtain the magnitude of the axial pressure applied to the sample 200 by the loading device 100 through the first pressure sensor 19.
Alternatively, the first pressure sensor 19 may be a strain gauge pressure sensor, a ceramic pressure sensor, a diffused silicon pressure sensor, a sapphire pressure sensor, a piezoelectric pressure sensor, or the like, and may be determined according to actual conditions.
In some embodiments, a first pipe 20 and a second pipe 21 are connected between the second box 14 and the confining pressure cylinder 13, wherein two ends of the first pipe 20 are respectively connected to the second box 14 and the confining pressure cylinder 13, and two ends of the second pipe 21 are also respectively connected to the second box 14 and the confining pressure cylinder 13. The first pipe 20 and the second pipe 21 are used for conveying the second liquid in the second tank 14 to the confining pressure cylinder 13 for the purpose of applying confining pressure to the test sample 200.
Further, the loading device 100 further comprises a second electric pump 22, the second electric pump 22 is arranged on the first pipeline 20, and the second electric pump 22 is used for conveying the second liquid in the second tank 14 to the confining pressure cylinder 13. That is, the second liquid in the second tank 14 can be delivered to the confining pressure cylinder 13 by the second electric pump 22 for the purpose of providing confining pressure to the sample 200.
Further, the second electric pump 22 includes a second electric pump main body 221 and a second electric motor 222 electrically connected to the second electric pump main body 221, and the second electric motor 222 is configured to control the second electric pump main body 221 to suck the second liquid in the second tank 14 and to deliver the second liquid sucked by the second electric pump main body 221 to the confining pressure cylinder 13, thereby achieving the purpose of providing confining pressure for the sample 200.
Alternatively, the second electric pump 22 may be a plunger type metering pump, a mechanical diaphragm type metering pump, an electromagnetic diaphragm type metering pump, or the like, which may be selected according to actual situations. Since the plunger type metering pump has low noise and high accuracy, the plunger type metering pump is preferably used in the present embodiment, which can improve the stability and accuracy of the axial pressure applied by the loading device 100 and reduce the noise generated by the loading device 100.
For the purpose of automatically applying the axial pressure, in some embodiments, the controller 16 is further electrically connected to the second motor 222, and the controller 16 is further configured to control the second motor 222, so as to control the second electric pump body 221 to suck the second liquid in the second tank 14 and deliver a certain amount of the second liquid to the confining pressure cylinder 13, thereby controlling the magnitude of the confining pressure applied to the sample 200 by the confining pressure cylinder 13. For example, assuming that when the dynamic performance test is performed on the sample 200, a confining pressure of 10kN needs to be applied to the sample 200, that is, the second box 14 needs to convey 10L of the second liquid into the confining pressure cylinder 13 to achieve the purpose that the confining pressure cylinder 13 applies 10kN to the sample 200, at this time, the controller 16 can control the second electric pump main body 221 to suck 10L of the second liquid and convey the sucked second liquid into the axial pressure cylinder 11 by controlling the second motor 222, so as to achieve the purpose of accurately and automatically applying the confining pressure to the sample 200.
It should be noted that the loading device 100 provided in this embodiment may provide the same magnitude of axial pressure and confining pressure, or steadily increase with a certain difference, so as to more truly simulate the situation where the axial pressure and the confining pressure of the sample 200 in the geological environment are not equal. For example, the applied confining pressure and the axial pressure of the loading device 100 provided by the present embodiment on the sample may gradually increase, and in the process of increasing, the magnitude of the axial pressure is always greater than the magnitude of the confining pressure by 2kN, 3kN, 4kN, or 5kN, etc.
Further, the connection pipe between the second tank 14 and the second electric pump main body 221 is provided with a third control valve 23, and the third control valve 23 is used for controlling the opening and closing of the connection pipe between the second tank 14 and the second electric pump main body 221. That is, when the second electric pump main body 221 sucks the second liquid into the second tank 14, the third control valve 23 is opened, and at this time, the connection pipe between the second tank 14 and the second electric pump main body 221 is communicated, and the second electric pump main body 221 can suck the second liquid in the second tank 14. When the second electric pump main body 221 delivers the second liquid to the confining pressure cylinder 13, the third control valve 23 is closed, and at this time, the connecting pipe between the second tank 14 and the second electric pump main body 221 is closed, so that the situation that the second electric pump main body 221 sends the second liquid back to the second tank 14 can be avoided.
Alternatively, the third control valve 23 may be an electric valve, a hydraulic valve, or the like, which may be determined according to actual conditions.
In some embodiments, to increase the automation degree of the loading device 100, the third control valve 23 may be electrically connected to the controller 16, so that the controller 16 can control the third control valve 23 to open or close, thereby avoiding the need of manually opening or closing the third control valve 23.
In some embodiments, the connection pipe between the second electric pump main body 221 and the confining pressure cylinder 13 is provided with a fourth control valve 24, and the fourth control valve 24 is used for controlling the opening and closing of the connection pipe between the second electric pump main body 221 and the confining pressure cylinder 13. That is, when the second electric pump main body 221 sucks the second liquid into the second tank 14, the fourth control valve 24 is closed, and at this time, the connection pipe between the confining cylinder 13 and the second electric pump main body 221 is closed, and the second electric pump main body 221 can suck the second liquid in the second tank 14. When the second electric pump main body 221 supplies the second liquid to the confining pressure cylinder 13, the fourth control valve 24 is opened, and at this time, the connecting pipeline between the confining pressure cylinder 13 and the second electric pump main body 221 is opened, so that the second electric pump main body 221 can supply the second liquid to the confining pressure cylinder 13, and the purpose of confining pressure on the test sample 200 is achieved.
Alternatively, the fourth control valve 24 may be an electric valve, a hydraulic valve, or the like, which may be determined according to actual conditions.
To increase the automation degree of the loading device 100, in some embodiments, the fourth control valve 24 may be electrically connected to the controller 16, so that the controller 16 can control the fourth control valve 24 to open or close, thereby avoiding the need for manual operations to open or close the fourth control valve 24.
Furthermore, in order to intuitively obtain the magnitude of the confining pressure applied by confining pressure cylinder 13 on sample 200, in some embodiments, a second pressure sensor 25 is disposed between second electric pump 22 and confining pressure cylinder 13, that is, a second pressure sensor 25 is disposed between second electric pump main body 221 and confining pressure cylinder 13, so that the second pressure sensor 25 can detect the hydraulic pressure in confining pressure cylinder 13, and thus obtain the magnitude of the confining pressure applied by confining pressure cylinder 13 on sample 200. That is, the experimenter can intuitively obtain the magnitude of the confining pressure applied to the sample 200 by the loading device 100 through the second pressure sensor 25.
Alternatively, the second pressure sensor 25 may be a strain gauge pressure sensor, a ceramic pressure sensor, a diffused silicon pressure sensor, a sapphire pressure sensor, a piezoelectric pressure sensor, or the like, and may be determined according to actual conditions.
It should be noted that a vacuum grease (i.e., a vacuum grease prepared by refining a refined synthetic oil as a base oil-rich inorganic thickener, and adding a structural stabilizer and an anti-corrosion additive) is applied to the contact surface between the sample 200 and the rod of the loading device 100 as a coupling agent, so as to ensure sufficient contact between the sample 200 and the rod. However, when the first liquid and the second liquid are hydraulic oil, lubricating oil or engine oil, the vacuum grease may be mutually soluble with the first liquid and the second liquid, which may cause the first liquid and the second liquid to permeate into the contact surface between the sample 200 and the rod, thereby affecting the experimental result. When the confining pressure provided by the loading device 100 is greater than the axial pressure, the oil pressure penetrating into the contact surface may be too large, and the axial pressure provided by the loading device 100 is offset, so that the sample 200 is separated from the rod, and the sample 200 may fall. Therefore, to avoid the foregoing, in some embodiments, the magnitude of the axial pressure provided by the loading device 100 is greater than or equal to the magnitude of the confining pressure throughout the test, i.e., the loading device 100 satisfies the following relationship:
P x ≥P y
wherein, P x Magnitude of axial compression, P, provided to the loading device 100 y The amount of confining pressure provided to the loading device 100. When the loading device meets the relation, the connection between the sample and the rod piece is tight, and the sample is not easy to fall off from the rod piece.
Further, the forces of the rod on the sample 200 are:
F＝(P x -P y )A b
wherein A is b The cross-sectional area of the rod, i.e., the contact area of the rod with the specimen 200.
According to the principle of force balance, the rods connected to the two ends of the sample 200 exert equal force on the sample 200, and the sample 200 is held between the rods by friction force between the rods. Therefore, in order to ensure the stability of the connection between the sample 200 and the rod, in some embodiments, the loading device 100 should satisfy the following relation:
2μF≥mg
wherein mu is the friction coefficient between the sample 200 coated with the vacuum grease and the rod member, F is the acting force of the rod member on the sample 200, m is the mass of the sample 200, and g is the proportionality coefficient, and 9.8N/kg is taken. When the loading device 100 satisfies the above relationship, the connection stability between the sample 200 and the rod is good, and the sample 200 is not easily separated from the rod.
Further, in combination with the two relations, the loading device 100 satisfies the following relation:
further, the coefficient of friction μ between the vacuum-fat-applied specimen 200 and the rod may take 0.02 (it is understood that this value is the lowest static coefficient of friction that is common to the specimen 200 in the presence of lubrication, and this value is more conservative and safer), the mass of the specimen 200 is 50g, and the rod cross-sectional area is 1.96 × 10 -3 m 2 For example, it was calculated that the axial pressure applied to the sample 200 by the loading device 100 required 6 greater than the confining pressure25kPa and above.
In order to accelerate the experimental efficiency of the dynamic performance experiment, in some embodiments, the loading device 100 further includes a third electric pump 26, the third electric pump 26 is disposed on the second pipeline 21, and the third electric pump 26 is configured to deliver the second liquid in the second tank 14 to the confining pressure cylinder 13, so that the confining pressure cylinder 13 is filled with the second liquid. That is, the second liquid in the second tank 14 is rapidly delivered into the confining pressure cylinder 13 by the third electric pump 26 to fill the confining pressure cylinder 13 with the second liquid, and then a certain amount of the second liquid is delivered into the confining pressure cylinder 13 by the second electric pump 22, so as to achieve the purpose of controlling the magnitude of the confining pressure applied by the confining pressure cylinder 13 to the test sample 200. Like this, can be full of the second liquid in enclosing pressure cylinder 13 fast for enclosing pressure cylinder 13 reaches the experimental condition, thereby is favorable to improving the experimental efficiency of dynamic behavior experiment.
Alternatively, the third electric pump 26 can be a fast electric pump, a dry-type submersible electric pump, a semi-dry-type submersible electric pump, an oil-filled submersible electric pump, or a wet-type submersible electric pump, which can be selected according to actual situations.
As can be seen from the foregoing, the second tank 14 can also deliver the first liquid to the confining pressure cylinder 13 at the same time as delivering the second liquid to the confining pressure cylinder 13, so that the confining pressure cylinder 13 is quickly filled with the first liquid and the second liquid. Therefore, in order to be able to fill the confining cylinder 13 with the first and second liquids more quickly, the first tank 12 may be connected to the confining cylinder 13 by means of the aforementioned third electric pump 26, which third electric pump 26 is also used for delivering the first liquid in the first tank 12 to the confining cylinder 13. In this way, the third electric pump 26 can fill the first liquid and the second liquid in the confining cylinder 13 quickly, thereby improving the experimental efficiency of the dynamic performance experiment.
Specifically, the number of the third electric pump 26 can be one, two, three or more, and when the number of the third electric pump 26 is one (as shown in fig. 1), the inlet of the third electric pump 26 is connected to the first tank 12 and the second tank 14, respectively, and the outlet of the third electric pump 26 is connected to the confining pressure cylinder 13, so as to achieve the purpose of conveying the first liquid in the first tank 12 and the second liquid in the second tank 14 to the confining pressure cylinder 13. When the number of the third electric pumps 26 is two (as shown in fig. 2), one of the third electric pumps 26 is arranged on the connecting pipeline between the first tank 12 and the confining pressure cylinder 13 for the purpose of conveying the first liquid in the first tank 12 to the confining pressure cylinder 13, and the other third electric pump 26 is arranged on the second pipeline 21 between the second tank 14 and the confining pressure cylinder 13 for the purpose of conveying the second liquid in the second tank 14 to the confining pressure cylinder 13. When the number of the third electric pumps 26 is three or more, a plurality of third electric pumps 26 may be reasonably provided on the connecting pipes of the first tank 12 and the second tank 14 and the confining pressure cylinder 13, and will not be described herein again.
In some embodiments, a fifth control valve 27 is provided on the connection pipe between the third electric pump 26 and the confining pressure cylinder 13, and the fifth control valve 27 is used for controlling the opening and closing of the connection pipe between the third electric pump 26 and the confining pressure cylinder 13. That is, when the fifth control valve 27 is opened, the connection pipe between the confining pressure cylinder 13 and the third electric pump 26 is opened, and the third electric pump 26 can deliver the first liquid in the first tank 12 and the second liquid in the second tank 14 to the confining pressure cylinder 13, so that the confining pressure cylinder 13 is filled with the first liquid and the second liquid. When the confining pressure cylinder 13 is filled with the first liquid and the second liquid, the fifth control valve 27 is closed, the connection pipe between the confining pressure cylinder 13 and the main body of the third electric pump 26 is closed, and the third electric pump 26 stops supplying the first liquid and the second liquid to the confining pressure cylinder 13.
Alternatively, the fifth control valve 27 may be an electric valve, a hydraulic valve, or the like, which may be determined according to actual conditions.
To increase the automation degree of the loading device 100, in some embodiments, the fifth control valve 27 may be electrically connected to the controller 16, so that the controller 16 can control the fifth control valve 27 to open or close, thereby avoiding the need for manual operations to open or close the fifth control valve 27.
In some embodiments, the ends of the first and second conduits 20, 21 connected to the enclosure cylinder 13 converge into a conduit through which the second liquid is delivered to the enclosure cylinder 13. It can be understood that the ends of the first pipeline 20 and the second pipeline 21 connected to the confining pressure cylinder 13 are gathered in one pipeline, and the second liquid is conveyed to the confining pressure cylinder 13 through the pipeline, so that the number of liquid inlets of the confining pressure cylinder 13 can be reduced, the number of openings of the confining pressure cylinder 13 can be reduced, and the leakage risk of the confining pressure cylinder 13 can be reduced.
Further, a filter 28 is arranged at the liquid inlet of the confining pressure cylinder 13, and the filter 28 is used for filtering the first liquid and the second liquid entering the confining pressure cylinder 13 and preventing impurities in the first liquid and the second liquid from entering the confining pressure cylinder 13.
Since the first liquid and the second liquid entering the confining pressure cylinder 13 may contact the test sample 200, the first liquid and the second liquid inside the confining pressure cylinder 13 are contaminated, so that the first liquid and the second liquid entering the confining pressure cylinder 13 cannot be directly reused. If the first liquid and the second liquid entering the confining pressure cylinder 13 are directly discharged to a sewer, the environment may be affected. Therefore, in some embodiments, the loading device 100 further includes a third box 29, the third box 29 is connected to the confining pressure cylinder 13, and the third box 29 is used for recovering the first liquid and the second liquid in the confining pressure cylinder 13. The experimenter then processes the first liquid and the second liquid recovered by the third tank 29, so that the recovered first liquid and second liquid can be reused or discharged to a sewer.
Specifically, the third box 29 may be directly connected to the liquid outlet of the confining pressure cylinder 13, and the first liquid and the second liquid in the confining pressure cylinder 13 may be directly recovered through the liquid outlet of the confining pressure cylinder 13. The third tank 29 may be connected to a connection pipe between the third electric pump 26 and the confining pressure cylinder 13, that is, the third tank 29 may be connected to a connection pipe between the third electric pump 26 and the fifth valve control valve, so that when the experiment of the dynamic performance of the test sample 200 is completed, the fourth control valve 24 is closed, and the fifth control valve 27 is opened, so that the first liquid and the second liquid in the confining pressure cylinder 13 can be recovered into the third tank 29. The latter connection mode is preferably adopted in this embodiment, so that the enclosing and pressing cylinder 13 does not need to be additionally provided with a liquid outlet, that is, the liquid inlet of the enclosing and pressing cylinder 13 may also be equivalent to the liquid outlet of the enclosing and pressing cylinder 13, thereby being beneficial to reducing the opening ratio of the enclosing and pressing cylinder 13 and further reducing the risk of liquid leakage of the enclosing and pressing cylinder 13.
In some embodiments, the loading device 100 further includes a sixth control valve 30, and the sixth control valve 30 is disposed on the connection pipe between the third tank 29 and the confining pressure cylinder 13. Specifically, when the third tank 29 is directly connected to the liquid outlet of the confining pressure cylinder 13, the sixth control valve 30 is disposed on the connecting pipeline between the third tank 29 and the liquid outlet of the confining pressure cylinder 13; when the third tank 29 is connected to the confining pressure cylinder 13 through the connection pipe between the third electric pump 26 and the confining pressure cylinder 13, the sixth control valve 30 is provided on the connection pipe between the third tank 29 and the connection pipe between the third electric pump 26 and the confining pressure cylinder 13. It will be appreciated that the sixth control valve 30 is used to control the opening and closing of the connecting pipe between the third tank 29 and the confining pressure cylinder 13. That is, when the sixth control valve 30 is opened, the connection pipe between the confining pressure cylinder 13 and the third tank 29 is opened, and the third tank 29 can recover the first liquid and the second liquid inside the confining pressure cylinder 13. When the loading device 100 is in the test state, the sixth control valve 30 is closed to prevent the first liquid and the second liquid in the confining cylinder 13 from being transferred into the third box 29, thereby affecting the dynamic performance test of the test specimen 200.
Alternatively, the sixth control valve 30 may be an electric valve, a hydraulic valve, or the like, which may be determined according to actual conditions.
To increase the automation degree of the loading device 100, in some embodiments, the sixth control valve 30 may be electrically connected to the controller 16, so that the controller 16 can control the sixth control valve 30 to open or close, thereby avoiding the need for manual operation of opening and closing the sixth control valve 30.
Since the sample 200 may also be subjected to osmotic pressure in the geological environment, when the sample 200 is subjected to a dynamic performance test, in order to more accurately obtain the dynamic performance of the sample 200 in the geological environment, the osmotic pressure needs to be applied to the test sample 200 to truly reflect the stress condition of the sample 200 in the geological environment. Thus, in some embodiments, loading device 100 also includes structure to provide osmotic pressure to sample 200.
Specifically, referring to fig. 3 and 4, the loading device 100 further includes a pressure tank 31, the pressure tank 31 is configured to store gas (such as gas, hydrogen, nitrogen, or carbon dioxide) or a third liquid (such as hydraulic oil, lubricating oil, engine oil, or water), the pressure tank 31 is connected to the sample 200, and the pressure tank 31 is configured to deliver gas or the third liquid to the sample 200, so that the gas or the third liquid delivered by the pressure tank 31 permeates into the sample 200 from a first end of the sample 200 and permeates out from a second end of the sample 200 opposite to the first end, thereby achieving the purpose of applying osmotic pressure to the sample 200.
Further, the loading device 100 further includes a third pipeline 32 and a fourth pipeline 33, the third pipeline 32 is connected to the pressure tank 31, and the sample 200 is disposed between the third pipeline 32 and the fourth pipeline 33, the third pipeline 32 is used for conveying the gas or the third liquid in the pressure tank 31 to the sample 200. I.e. the third conduit 32, is used to convey the gas or the third liquid inside the pressure tank 31 into the sample 200. The fourth conduit 33 is used to convey the gas or third liquid flowing out of the effluent sample 200.
In some embodiments, the third pipeline 32 and/or the fourth pipeline 33 are provided with a flow meter 34, that is, the third pipeline 32 is provided with the flow meter 34, or the fourth pipeline 33 is provided with the flow meter 34, or both the third pipeline 32 and the fourth pipeline 33 are provided with the flow meter 34. When the flow meter 34 is provided on the third pipe 32, the flow meter 34 is used to measure the flow rate of the gas or the third liquid flowing into the sample 200; when the flow meter 34 is provided on the fourth pipe 33, the flow meter 34 is used to measure the flow rate of the gas or the third liquid flowing out of the sample 200. Wherein, when the pressure tank 31 stores gas, the flow meter 34 is a gas flow meter; when the third liquid is stored in the pressure tank 31, the flow meter 34 is a liquid flow meter.
Alternatively, the number of the flow meters 34 may be one, two, three, four or more, which may be selected according to actual situations.
For example, when the number of the flow meters 34 is two, that is, the first flow meter 341 and the second flow meter 342, and when the first flow meter 341 and the second flow meter 342 are provided in the third pipe 32, the first flow meter 341 is configured to measure the instantaneous flow rate of the gas or the third liquid flowing into the sample 200, and the second flow meter 342 is configured to measure the cumulative flow rate of the gas or the third liquid flowing into the sample 200. When the first flow meter 341 and the second flow meter 342 are disposed in the fourth conduit 33, the first flow meter 341 is configured to measure an instantaneous flow rate of the gas or the third liquid flowing out of the sample 200, and the second flow meter 342 is configured to measure an integrated flow rate of the gas or the third liquid flowing out of the sample 200. By providing the first flow meter 341 and the second flow meter 342 on the third pipeline 32 or the fourth pipeline 33, the instantaneous flow rate of the gas or the third liquid flowing into or out of the sample 200 can be measured in real time, and the measurement of the cumulative flow rate of the gas or the third liquid flowing into or out of the sample 200 can be performed, thereby facilitating an experimenter to obtain information about the osmotic pressure applied to the sample 200 by the gas or the third liquid according to the measured instantaneous flow rate and the measured cumulative flow rate.
In some embodiments, to detect the amount of gas and the amount of liquid permeated in the sample 200, the number of the flow meters 34 may be four, and the flow meters are a first flow meter 341, a second flow meter 342, a third flow meter 343, and a fourth flow meter 344, respectively, wherein the first flow meter 341 and the second flow meter 342 are disposed on the fourth pipe 33, and the third flow meter 343 and the fourth flow meter 344 are disposed on the third pipe 32. The first flow meter 341 is for measuring the instantaneous flow rate of the gas or the third liquid flowing out of the sample 200, the second flow meter 342 is for measuring the integrated flow rate of the gas or the third liquid flowing out of the sample 200, the third flow meter 343 is for measuring the instantaneous flow rate of the gas or the third liquid flowing into the sample 200, and the fourth flow meter 344 is for measuring the integrated flow rate of the gas or the third liquid flowing into the sample 200. Thus, when the instantaneous flow measured by the first flow meter 341 is subtracted from the instantaneous flow measured by the third flow meter 343, the flow rate change of the gas or the third liquid in the sample 200 can be obtained; when the cumulative flow rate measured by the second flow meter 342 is subtracted from the cumulative flow rate measured by the fourth flow meter 344, the amount of the gas or the third liquid in the sample 200 can be obtained.
In some embodiments, the loading device 100 further comprises a third pressure sensor 35, the third pressure sensor 35 is disposed on the third pipeline 32, and the third pressure sensor 35 is used for detecting the amount of osmotic pressure applied to the sample 200 by the loading device 100.
Alternatively, the third pressure sensor 35 may be a pneumatic pressure sensor or a hydraulic pressure sensor. It is understood that, when gas is stored in the pressure tank 31, the third pressure sensor 35 is a gas pressure sensor; when the third liquid is stored in the pressure tank 31, the third pressure sensor 35 is a hydraulic pressure sensor.
In order to more intuitively obtain the amount of osmotic pressure applied to the sample 200 by the loading device 100, the instantaneous flow rate and the accumulated flow rate of the gas or the third liquid flowing into the sample 200, and the instantaneous flow rate and the accumulated flow rate of the gas or the third liquid flowing out of the sample 200, in some embodiments, the loading device 100 further comprises a display 36, and the display 36 is electrically connected to the third pressure sensor 35, the first flow meter 341, the second flow meter 342, the third flow meter 343, and the fourth flow meter 344, respectively. In this way, the display 36 can simultaneously display the magnitude of the osmotic pressure applied to the sample 200 by the loading device 100, the instantaneous flow rate and the cumulative flow rate of the gas or the third liquid flowing into the sample 200, and the instantaneous flow rate and the cumulative flow rate of the gas or the third liquid flowing out of the sample 200. Therefore, the experimenter does not need to respectively observe the third pressure sensor 35, the first flowmeter 341, the second flowmeter 342, the third flowmeter 343 and the fourth flowmeter 344 to obtain the relevant information, and the experimenter can more intuitively obtain the relevant experimental data.
In some embodiments, the loading device 100 further comprises a seventh control valve 37, and the seventh control valve 37 is disposed on the third conduit 32. The seventh control valve 37 is used to control the opening and closing of the third pipe 32 between the pressure tank 31 and the sample 200. That is, when the seventh control valve 37 is opened, the third pipe 32 between the pressure tank 31 and the specimen 200 is opened, and the pressure tank 31 can deliver the gas or the third liquid to the specimen 200, thereby applying the osmotic pressure to the specimen 200. After the experiment of the dynamic performance of the sample 200 is completed, the seventh control valve 37 is closed, and at this time, the third pipe 32 between the pressure tank 31 and the sample 200 is closed, so that the pressure tank 31 cannot supply the gas or the third liquid to the sample 200, and the problem of leakage of the gas or the third liquid can be prevented.
Alternatively, the seventh control valve 37 may be an electric valve, a hydraulic valve, or the like, which may be determined according to actual conditions.
To increase the automation degree of the loading device 100, in some embodiments, the seventh control valve 37 may be electrically connected to the controller 16, so that the controller 16 can control the seventh control valve 37 to open or close, thereby avoiding the need for manually operating the opening and closing of the seventh control valve 37.
In some embodiments, when gas is stored in the pressure tank 31 (see fig. 3 in particular), the loading device 100 further includes an eighth control valve 38, the eighth control valve 38 is disposed on the third pipeline 32, and in particular, the eighth control valve 38 is disposed on the third pipeline 32 between the seventh control valve 37 and the sample 200. The eighth control valve 38 is used to control the flow rate of the gas supplied from the pressure tank 31 to the sample 200. That is, the flow rate of the gas delivered to the sample 200 from the pressure tank 31 can be controlled by controlling the opening degree of the eighth control valve 38, and for example, the flow rate of the gas delivered to the sample 200 from the pressure tank 31 can be controlled to be 1L/s, 2L/s, 3L/s, or 4L/s by controlling the opening degree of the eighth control valve 38. The eighth control valve 38 is provided to control the magnitude of the osmotic pressure applied to the sample 200 by the loading unit 100.
Specifically, the eighth control valve 38 is a rotary valve. Alternatively, the eighth control valve 38 may be a rotary butterfly valve, a rotary ball valve, a rotary plunger valve, or the like, as the case may be.
When the third liquid is stored in the pressure tank 31 (see fig. 4 in particular), the loading device 100 further includes a fourth electric pump 39, and the fourth electric pump 39 is disposed on the third pipeline 32, and in particular, the fourth electric pump 39 is disposed on the third pipeline 32 between the seventh control valve 37 and the test sample 200. The fourth electric pump 39 is used to control the flow rate of the third liquid delivered by the pressure tank 31 to the test specimen 200. That is, the flow rate of the third liquid delivered to the sample 200 by the pressure tank 31 can be controlled by controlling the power of the fourth electric pump 39, for example, the flow rate of the third liquid delivered to the sample 200 by the pressure tank 31 can be controlled to be 1L/s, 2L/s, 3L/s or 4L/s, etc. By providing the fourth electric pump 39, the magnitude of osmotic pressure applied to the sample 200 by the loading unit 100 can be controlled.
Alternatively, the fourth electric pump 39 can be a fast electric pump, a dry-type submersible electric pump, a semi-dry-type submersible electric pump, an oil-filled submersible electric pump, or a wet-type submersible electric pump, which can be selected according to actual situations.
To increase the automation of the loading device 100, in some embodiments, both the eighth control valve 38 and the fourth electric pump 39 can be electrically connected to the controller 16, so that the controller 16 can control the opening degree of the eighth control valve 38 or the controller 16 can control the power of the fourth electric pump 39, thereby controlling the magnitude of the osmotic pressure applied to the sample 200.
In order to prevent the gas or the third liquid penetrating the sample 200 from being directly discharged to the outside, which may cause environmental pollution, or to realize recycling of the gas or the third liquid. In some embodiments, the loading device 100 further includes a fourth box 40, and the fourth box 40 is connected to an end of the fourth pipeline 33 facing away from the sample, that is, the fourth box 40 is used for storing the gas or the third liquid after penetrating through the sample 200.
Referring to fig. 5, in some embodiments, the loading device 100 further includes a control panel 41 and a device main body 42, the control panel 41, the axial compression cylinder 11, the first box 12, the confining compression cylinder 13, the second box 14, the controller 16, the pressure tank 31, and the like are disposed on the device main body 42, and the display 36 is disposed on the control panel 41.
Further, the control panel 41 is electrically connected to the controller 16, so that an experimenter can operate the control panel 41 to transmit signals to the controller 16, so that the controller 16 controls the corresponding devices to operate. Specifically, the control panel 41 is further provided with a confining pressure liquid suction key 41a, a confining pressure liquid drainage key 41b, a shaft pressure liquid suction key 41c, a shaft pressure liquid drainage key 41d, an osmotic pressure control key 41e and the like, so as to realize operations of conveying the first liquid and the second liquid to the confining pressure cylinder 13, recovering the first liquid and the second liquid in the confining pressure cylinder 13 to the third box 29, conveying the first liquid to the shaft pressure cylinder 11, returning the first liquid in the shaft pressure cylinder 11 to the first box 12, applying osmotic pressure to the sample 200 by the control pressure tank 31 and the like.
Referring to fig. 6 and 7, the application further discloses an experimental method of a loading device, where the loading device 100 adopted in the experimental method is the loading device 100, and when the experimental method is used to perform an experiment on the sample 200, axial pressure, confining pressure and osmotic pressure of the sample 200 in a geological environment can be simulated, so that experimental data is more real. Specifically, the experimental method comprises the following specific steps:
step 201: and conveying the first liquid in the first box body and the second liquid in the second box body to the confining pressure cylinder so as to fill the first liquid and the second liquid in the confining pressure cylinder.
Specifically, the test specimen 200 is placed at the corresponding position on the power loading device, then the fourth control valve 24 and the sixth control valve 30 are closed, then the fifth control valve 27 is opened, and the third electric pump 26 is started, at which time the third electric pump 26 delivers the first liquid in the first tank 12 and the second liquid in the second tank 14 to the confining pressure cylinder 13. When the confining pressure cylinder 13 is just filled with the confining pressure cylinder 13, the third electric pump 26 and the fifth control valve 27 are immediately closed. Can be full of first liquid and second liquid with enclosing pressure jar 13 fast like this to be favorable to afterwards can make enclosing pressure jar 13 to the confined pressure size that sample 200 applyed reach the experimental requirement fast, and then improve experimental efficiency.
Step 202: and conveying the first liquid in the first box body to the shaft pressure cylinder.
Specifically, the second control valve 18 is closed, then the first control valve 17 is opened, and then the controller 16 controls the first motor 152, so that the first motor 152 controls the first electric pump main body 151 to suck the first liquid from the first tank 12. After the first electric pump body 151 sucks the first liquid, the first control valve 17 is closed, the second control valve 18 is opened, and then the controller 16 controls the first electric pump body 151 to deliver a certain volume of the first liquid to the axial compression cylinder 11, so that the axial compression applied to the sample 200 by the axial compression cylinder 11 is the target axial compression. Finally, the second control valve 18 and the first electric pump 15 are closed.
Step 203: and conveying the second liquid in the second box body to the confining pressure cylinder.
Specifically, the third control valve 23 is opened, and the controller 16 controls the second motor 222, so that the second motor 222 controls the second electric pump main body 221 to suck the second liquid from the second tank 14. After the second electric pump main body 221 sucks the second liquid, the third control valve 23 is closed, the fourth control valve 24 is opened, and then the controller 16 controls the second electric pump main body 222 to further control the second electric pump main body 221 to deliver a certain volume of the second liquid to the confining pressure cylinder 13, so that the confining pressure applied to the sample 200 by the confining pressure cylinder 13 is the target confining pressure. Finally, the fourth control valve 24 and the second electric pump 22 are closed.
Step 204: osmotic pressure was applied to the sample.
Specifically, the seventh control valve 37 is opened, and then the opening degree of the eighth control valve 38 or the power of the fourth electric pump 39 is adjusted (i.e., when gas is stored in the pressure tank 31, the opening degree of the eighth control valve 38 is adjusted; when the third liquid is stored in the pressure tank 31, the power of the fourth electric pump 39 is adjusted) so that the magnitude of the osmotic pressure applied to the sample 200 by the pressure tank 31 becomes the target osmotic pressure. At this point, the preparation for the kinetic performance test of the sample 200 is complete.
Step 205: and performing a dynamic performance experiment on the sample.
Step 206: the osmotic pressure was unloaded.
Specifically, after the experiment is completed, the seventh control valve 37 is closed, and the application of the osmotic pressure to the specimen 200 is stopped.
Step 207: and unloading the axial pressure and confining pressure.
The first control valve 17, the second control valve 18, the fifth control valve 27, and the sixth control valve 30 are opened so that the first liquid in the axial compression cylinder 11 can flow back to the first case 12, and the first liquid and the second liquid in the confining cylinder 13 can flow to the third case 29, thereby relieving the axial pressure and the confining pressure applied to the sample 200. It can be understood that the unloading sequence of the shaft pressure and the confining pressure may be to unload the shaft pressure and the confining pressure at the same time, or to unload the shaft pressure first and then unload the confining pressure, or to unload the confining pressure first and then unload the shaft pressure, and this embodiment is not particularly limited.
The loading device and the experimental method disclosed by the embodiment of the invention are described in detail, a specific example is applied to explain the principle and the implementation mode of the invention, and the description of the embodiment is only used for helping to understand the loading device and the experimental method of the invention and the core idea thereof; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, there may be variations in the specific embodiments and the application scope, and in summary, the content of the present specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A loading device for performing a kinetic performance test on a test specimen, the loading device comprising:
the shaft pressure cylinder is used for providing shaft pressure for the sample;
the first box body is used for storing a first liquid, and the first box body is connected with the axial compression cylinder so as to convey the first liquid to the axial compression cylinder;
the confining pressure cylinder is used for providing confining pressure for the test sample, the confining pressure cylinder is connected with the first box body, and the first box body is further used for conveying the first liquid to the confining pressure cylinder; and
and the second box body is used for storing second liquid and is connected with the confining pressure cylinder so as to convey the second liquid to the confining pressure cylinder.
2. The loading device of claim 1, further comprising a first electric pump, wherein said first tank is connected to said shaft pressure cylinder by said first electric pump, and wherein said first electric pump is configured to deliver said first fluid in said first tank to said shaft pressure cylinder.
3. The loading device according to claim 1, wherein a first pipeline and a second pipeline are connected between the second box and the enclosing cylinder, two ends of the first pipeline are respectively connected to the second box and the enclosing cylinder, and two ends of the second pipeline are respectively connected to the second box and the enclosing cylinder.
4. The loading device of claim 3, further comprising a second electric pump disposed on the first conduit, the second electric pump configured to deliver the second fluid in the second tank to the confining cylinder.
5. The loading device of claim 3, further comprising a third electric pump disposed on the second conduit, the third electric pump configured to deliver the second fluid in the second tank to the confining cylinder.
6. The loading device of claim 5, wherein said first tank is connected to said containment cylinder by said third electric pump, said third electric pump further for delivering said first fluid in said first tank to said containment cylinder.
7. The loading device of claim 1, further comprising a third housing coupled to the confining pressure cylinder, the third housing configured to recover the first and second fluids within the confining pressure cylinder.
8. The loading device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, further comprising a pressure tank for storing a gas or a third liquid, the pressure tank being connected to the sample, the pressure tank being adapted to deliver the gas or the third liquid to the sample to provide an osmotic pressure to the sample.
9. The loading device according to claim 8, further comprising a third pipe and a fourth pipe, wherein the third pipe is connected to the pressure tank, and the sample is disposed between the third pipe and the fourth pipe, the third pipe is used for conveying the gas or the third liquid in the pressure tank to the sample, and the fourth pipe is used for conveying the gas or the third liquid flowing out of the sample;
a flow meter is arranged on the third pipeline and/or the fourth pipeline and is used for measuring the flow rate of the gas or the third liquid flowing into the sample and/or the flow rate of the gas or the third liquid flowing out of the sample.
10. A method of testing a loading device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, the method comprising:
conveying the first liquid in the first box body and the second liquid in the second box body to the confining pressure cylinder so as to fill the confining pressure cylinder with the first liquid and the second liquid;
conveying the first liquid in the first tank to the shaft pressure cylinder;
and conveying the second liquid in the second box body to the confining pressure cylinder.
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|---|---|
| CN114910363B (en) | 2023-05-23 |
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