CN114910363B - Loading device and experimental method - Google Patents
Loading device and experimental method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114910363B CN114910363B CN202210511900.7A CN202210511900A CN114910363B CN 114910363 B CN114910363 B CN 114910363B CN 202210511900 A CN202210511900 A CN 202210511900A CN 114910363 B CN114910363 B CN 114910363B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
- G01N3/10—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces generated by pneumatic or hydraulic pressure
- G01N3/12—Pressure testing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0001—Type of application of the stress
- G01N2203/0003—Steady
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0016—Tensile or compressive
- G01N2203/0019—Compressive
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/003—Generation of the force
- G01N2203/0042—Pneumatic or hydraulic means
- G01N2203/0044—Pneumatic means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/003—Generation of the force
- G01N2203/0042—Pneumatic or hydraulic means
- G01N2203/0048—Hydraulic means
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
Abstract
The invention discloses a loading device and an experimental method. The first box is connected with the axial pressure cylinder to carry first liquid to the axial pressure cylinder, the second box is connected with the confining pressure cylinder to carry the second liquid to the confining pressure cylinder, thereby realize respectively to the sample apply the purpose of axial pressure and confining pressure, and then need not the manual regulation loading device and realize applying the purpose of axial pressure and confining pressure to the sample, be favorable to improving loading device's degree of automation. In addition, the first box still is connected with the confining pressure jar for when the second box carried the second liquid to confining pressure jar, first box also can carry first liquid to confining pressure jar, makes confining pressure jar can be full of liquid fast, thereby improves the efficiency of experiment. That is, by adopting the loading device and the experimental method provided by the invention, the automation degree and experimental efficiency of the loading device can be improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of material dynamic performance measuring devices, in particular to a loading device and an experimental method thereof.
Background
In the dynamic performance experiment of researching materials (such as concrete, rock and the like), axial pressure and confining pressure are applied to the materials through a loading device, so that the stress state of the materials in a geological environment is simulated, and the measured dynamic performance of the materials is more accurate. However, in the related art, the axial pressure is applied to the material by manually adjusting the axial pressure rod of the loading device, which not only consumes labor, but also has low experimental efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention discloses a loading device and an experimental method, which can improve the automation degree and experimental efficiency of the loading device.
In order to achieve the above object, in a first aspect, the present invention discloses a loading device for performing a kinetic performance experiment on a sample, the loading device comprising:
a shaft pressing cylinder for providing shaft pressing to the sample;
the first box body is used for storing first liquid and is connected with the shaft pressing cylinder so as to convey the first liquid to the shaft pressing cylinder;
the confining pressure cylinder is used for providing confining pressure for the sample, the confining pressure cylinder is connected with the first box body, and the first box body is also used for conveying the first liquid to the confining pressure cylinder; and
the second box is used for storing second liquid, and the second box is connected with the confining pressure cylinder so as to convey the second liquid to the confining pressure cylinder.
As an alternative embodiment, in an embodiment of the present invention, the loading device further includes a first electric pump, and the first tank is connected to the shaft cylinder through the first electric pump, and the first electric pump is used for delivering the first liquid in the first tank to the shaft cylinder.
As an optional implementation manner, in an embodiment of the present invention, a first pipe and a second pipe are connected between the second tank and the confining pressure cylinder, two ends of the first pipe are respectively connected to the second tank and the confining pressure cylinder, and two ends of the second pipe are respectively connected to the second tank and the confining pressure cylinder.
As an alternative embodiment, in an embodiment of the present invention, the loading device further includes a second electric pump, where the second electric pump is disposed on the first pipe, and the second electric pump is used to convey the second liquid in the second tank to the confining pressure cylinder.
As an alternative embodiment, in an embodiment of the present invention, the loading device further includes a third electric pump, where the third electric pump is disposed on the second pipe, and the third electric pump is used to convey the second liquid in the second tank to the confining pressure cylinder.
As an alternative embodiment, in an embodiment of the present invention, the first tank is connected to the confining pressure cylinder by the third electric pump, and the third electric pump is further configured to deliver the first liquid in the first tank to the confining pressure cylinder.
As an alternative embodiment, in an embodiment of the present invention, the loading device further includes a third tank, and the third tank is connected to the confining pressure cylinder, and the third tank is used for recovering the first liquid and the second liquid in the confining pressure cylinder.
As an alternative embodiment, in an embodiment of the present invention, the loading device further comprises a pressure tank for storing a gas or a third liquid, the pressure tank being connected to the sample, the pressure tank being for delivering the gas or the third liquid to the sample to provide an osmotic pressure to the sample.
As an alternative embodiment, in an embodiment of the present invention, the loading device further includes a third pipe and a fourth pipe, the third pipe being connected to the pressure tank, and the sample being provided between the third pipe and the fourth pipe, the third pipe being for transporting the gas or the third liquid in the pressure tank to the sample, the fourth pipe being for transporting the gas or the third liquid flowing out of the sample;
a flow meter is provided on the third pipe and/or the fourth pipe, and is used for measuring the flow rate of the gas or the third liquid flowing into the sample and/or the flow rate of the gas or the third liquid flowing out of the sample.
In a second aspect, the present invention also discloses an experimental method of the loading device, where the loading device is the loading device in the first aspect, and the experimental method includes:
delivering the first liquid in the first tank and the second liquid in the second tank to the confining pressure cylinder so that the confining pressure cylinder is filled with the first liquid and the second liquid;
delivering the first liquid in the first tank to the axial pressure cylinder to apply axial pressure to the sample;
delivering the second liquid in the second tank to the confining pressure cylinder to apply confining pressure to the sample.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the embodiment of the invention provides a loading device and an experimental method. This loading device is through setting up first box and is carried first liquid to the axial pressure jar, and the second box is carried the second liquid to the confining pressure jar to realize applying the purpose of axial pressure and confining pressure to the sample respectively, and then need not the manual regulation loading device and realize applying the purpose of axial pressure and confining pressure to the sample, be favorable to improving loading device's degree of automation, and reduce artificial consumption. In addition, the first box body is connected with the confining pressure cylinder, so that the first box body can also convey the first liquid to the confining pressure cylinder when the second box body conveys the second liquid to the confining pressure cylinder, and the confining pressure cylinder can be filled with the liquid rapidly, and the experimental efficiency is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a first construction of a loading device (axial and confining pressure) according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a second configuration of a loading device (axial and confining pressure) as disclosed in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a third construction of a loading device (osmotic pressure) according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a fourth construction of a loading device (osmotic pressure) according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a loading device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the operation of a loading device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a flowchart of an experimental method of a loading device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The main reference numerals illustrate: 100. a loading device; 11. a shaft pressing cylinder; 12. a first case; 13. a confining pressure cylinder; 14. a second case; 15. a first electric pump; 151. a first electric pump body; 152. a first motor; 16. a controller; 17. a first control valve; 18. a second control valve; 19. a first pressure sensor; 20. a first pipe; 21. a second pipe; 22. a second electric pump; 221. a second electric pump body; 222. a second motor; 23. a third control valve; 24. a fourth control valve; 25. a second pressure sensor; 26. a third electric pump; 27. a fifth control valve; 28. a filter; 29. a third case; 30. a sixth control valve; 31. a pressure tank; 32. a third conduit; 33. a fourth conduit; 34. a flow meter; 341. a first flowmeter; 342. a second flowmeter; 343. a third flowmeter; 344. a fourth flow meter; 35. a third pressure sensor; 36. a display; 37. a seventh control valve; 38. an eighth control valve; 39. a fourth electric pump; 40. a fourth case; 41. a control panel; 41a, confining pressure of the liquid suction key; 41b, confining pressure liquid draining keys; 41c, pressing the liquid suction key by the shaft; 41d, pressing a liquid draining key by a shaft; 41e, osmotic pressure control key; 42. a device body; 200. and (3) a sample.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In the present invention, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "middle", "vertical", "horizontal", "lateral", "longitudinal" and the like indicate an azimuth or a positional relationship based on that shown in the drawings. These terms are only used to better describe the present invention and its embodiments and are not intended to limit the scope of the indicated devices, elements or components to the particular orientations or to configure and operate in the particular orientations.
Also, some of the terms described above may be used to indicate other meanings in addition to orientation or positional relationships, for example, the term "upper" may also be used to indicate some sort of attachment or connection in some cases. The specific meaning of these terms in the present invention will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
Furthermore, the terms "mounted," "configured," "provided," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a removable connection, or a unitary construction; may be a mechanical connection, or an electrical connection; may be directly connected, or indirectly connected through intervening media, or may be in internal communication between two devices, elements, or components. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used primarily to distinguish between different devices, elements, or components (the particular species and configurations may be the same or different), and are not used to indicate or imply the relative importance and number of devices, elements, or components indicated. Unless otherwise indicated, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more.
The technical scheme of the invention will be further described with reference to the examples and the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the present application discloses a loading device 100, which is used for performing a dynamic performance experiment on a sample 200 (such as concrete, rock, etc.), and can apply axial pressure and confining pressure to the sample 200, so as to simulate the stress state of the sample 200 in a geological environment, and make the measured dynamic performance of the sample 200 more accurate. Specifically, the loading device 100 includes a shaft cylinder 11, a first casing 12, a confining cylinder 13, and a second casing 14. The axial cylinder 11 is used to provide axial pressure to the test specimen 200. The first tank 12 is for storing a first liquid, and the first tank 12 is connected to the shaft cylinder 11 to deliver the first liquid to the shaft cylinder 11. The confining pressure cylinder 13 is used for providing confining pressure to the sample 200, and the confining pressure cylinder 13 is connected with the first tank 12, and the first tank 12 is also used for conveying the first liquid to the confining pressure cylinder 13. The second tank 14 is used for storing the second liquid, and the second tank 14 is connected with the confining pressure cylinder 13 to deliver the second liquid to the confining pressure cylinder 13. The first liquid can be hydraulic oil, lubricating oil, engine oil or water, and the second liquid can be hydraulic oil, lubricating oil, engine oil or water, and the like.
The loading device 100 provided in this embodiment conveys the first liquid to the axial pressure cylinder 11 through setting the first box 12, and conveys the second liquid to the confining pressure cylinder 13 through the second box 14, so as to achieve the purpose of respectively applying the axial pressure and confining pressure to the sample 200, and further achieve the purpose of applying the axial pressure and confining pressure to the sample 200 without manually adjusting the loading device 100, which is beneficial to improving the automation degree of the loading device 100 and reducing the manual consumption. In addition, because the volume of the confining pressure cylinder 13 is larger, it takes a longer time to fill the confining pressure cylinder 13 with liquid, therefore, the loading device 100 provided in this embodiment further connects the first tank 12 with the confining pressure cylinder 13, so that the first tank 12 can also convey the first liquid to the confining pressure cylinder 13 while the second tank 14 conveys the second liquid to the confining pressure cylinder 13, so that the confining pressure cylinder 13 can be filled with liquid quickly, thereby improving the efficiency of the experiment. That is, with the loading device 100 provided in this embodiment, the automation degree and experimental efficiency of the loading device 100 can be improved.
In some embodiments, the loading device 100 further includes a first electric pump 15, the first tank 12 is connected to the shaft cylinder 11 through the first electric pump 15, and the first electric pump 15 is used to deliver the first liquid in the first tank 12 to the shaft cylinder 11. That is, the first liquid in the first tank 12 can be supplied to the axial pressure cylinder 11 by the first electric pump 15 for the purpose of providing the axial pressure to the sample 200.
Further, the first electric pump 15 includes a first electric pump body 151 and a first motor 152 electrically connected to the first electric pump body 151, and the first motor 152 is used for controlling the first electric pump body 151 to suck the first liquid in the first tank 12 and delivering the first liquid sucked by the first electric pump body 151 to the axial pressure cylinder 11, so as to achieve the purpose of providing axial pressure to the sample 200.
Alternatively, the first electric pump 15 may be a plunger type metering pump, a mechanical diaphragm type metering pump, an electromagnetic diaphragm type metering pump, or the like, and may be specifically selected according to practical situations. Since the plunger type metering pump has low noise and high accuracy, the present embodiment preferably employs the plunger type metering pump, which can improve the stability and accuracy of the axial pressure applied by the loading device 100 and reduce the noise generated by the loading device 100.
For the purpose of automatically applying the axial pressure, in some embodiments, the loading device 100 further includes a controller 16, where the controller 16 is electrically connected to the first motor 152, and the controller 16 is configured to control the first motor 152, thereby controlling the first electric pump body 151 to suck the first liquid in the first tank 12, and to deliver a certain amount of the first liquid to the axial pressure cylinder 11, so as to control the axial pressure applied by the axial pressure cylinder 11 to the sample 200. For example, it is assumed that when the dynamic performance test is performed on the sample 200, the axial pressure of 12kN needs to be applied to the sample 200, that is, the first tank 12 needs to convey 12L of the first liquid into the axial pressure cylinder 11, so that the axial pressure cylinder 11 can apply the axial pressure of 12kN to the sample 200, and the controller 16 can control the first motor 152 to control the first electric pump body 151 to suck 12L of the first liquid and convey the sucked first liquid into the axial pressure cylinder 11, so as to achieve the purpose of accurately and automatically applying the axial pressure to the sample 200.
Further, a first control valve 17 is provided in a connection pipe between the first casing 12 and the first electric pump main body 151, and the first control valve 17 is used for controlling opening and closing of the connection pipe between the first casing 12 and the first electric pump main body 151. That is, when the first electric pump body 151 sucks the first liquid into the first tank 12, the first control valve 17 is opened, and at this time, the connection pipe between the first tank 12 and the first electric pump body 151 is communicated, and the first electric pump body 151 can suck the first liquid in the first tank 12. When the first electric pump body 151 supplies the first liquid to the axial cylinder 11, the first control valve 17 is closed, and at this time, the connection pipe between the first tank 12 and the first electric pump body 151 is closed, so that the first electric pump body 151 can be prevented from supplying the first liquid back to the first tank 12.
Alternatively, the first control valve 17 may be an electric valve or a hydraulic valve, etc., and may be specifically determined according to practical situations.
Further, to increase the automation degree of the loading device 100, the first control valve 17 may be electrically connected to the controller 16, so that the controller 16 can control the first control valve 17 to be opened or closed, and thus, the opening and closing of the first control valve 17 do not need to be manually operated.
In some embodiments, the connecting pipe between the first electric pump body 151 and the shaft cylinder 11 is provided with a second control valve 18, and the second control valve 18 is used for controlling the opening and closing of the connecting pipe between the first electric pump body 151 and the shaft cylinder 11. That is, when the first electric pump body 151 sucks the first liquid into the first tank 12, the second control valve 18 is closed, and at this time, the connecting pipe between the shaft cylinder 11 and the first electric pump body 151 is closed, and the first electric pump body 151 can suck the first liquid in the first tank 12. When the first electric pump body 151 conveys the first liquid to the shaft pressing cylinder 11, the second control valve 18 is opened, at this time, a connecting pipeline between the shaft pressing cylinder 11 and the first electric pump body 151 is opened, and the first electric pump body 151 can convey the first liquid to the shaft pressing cylinder 11, so that the purpose of applying shaft pressing to the sample 200 is achieved.
Alternatively, the second control valve 18 may be an electric valve or a hydraulic valve, etc., and may be specifically determined according to practical situations.
Further, to increase the degree of automation of the loading device 100, the second control valve 18 may be electrically connected to the controller 16, so that the controller 16 can control the second control valve 18 to be opened or closed, thereby eliminating the need to manually operate the opening and closing of the second control valve 18.
In addition, in order to intuitively obtain the magnitude of the axial pressure applied by the axial pressure cylinder 11 to the sample 200, in some embodiments, a first pressure sensor 19 is disposed between the first electric pump 15 and the axial pressure cylinder 11, that is, a first pressure sensor 19 is disposed between the first electric pump main body 151 and the axial pressure cylinder 11, so that the hydraulic pressure in the axial pressure cylinder 11 can be detected by the first pressure sensor 19, thereby obtaining the magnitude of the axial pressure applied by the axial pressure cylinder 11 to the sample 200. That is, the experimenter can intuitively obtain the magnitude of the axial pressure applied to the sample 200 by the loading device 100 through the first pressure sensor 19.
Alternatively, the first pressure sensor 19 may be a strain type pressure sensor, a ceramic pressure sensor, a diffused silicon pressure sensor, a sapphire pressure sensor, a piezoelectricity sensor, or the like, and may be specifically determined according to practical situations.
In some embodiments, a first pipeline 20 and a second pipeline 21 are connected between the second tank 14 and the confining pressure cylinder 13, wherein two ends of the first pipeline 20 are respectively connected to the second tank 14 and the confining pressure cylinder 13, and two ends of the second pipeline 21 are also respectively connected to the second tank 14 and the confining pressure cylinder 13. The first pipe 20 and the second pipe 21 are each used for delivering the second liquid in the second tank 14 to the confining pressure cylinder 13 for the purpose of applying confining pressure to the sample 200.
Further, the loading device 100 further includes a second electric pump 22, where the second electric pump 22 is disposed on the first pipe 20, and the second electric pump 22 is used for delivering the second liquid in the second tank 14 to the confining pressure cylinder 13. That is, the second liquid in the second tank 14 can be supplied to the confining pressure cylinder 13 by the second electric pump 22 for the purpose of providing confining pressure to the sample 200.
Further, the second electric pump 22 includes a second electric pump main body 221 and a second motor 222 electrically connected to the second electric pump main body 221, and the second motor 222 is used for controlling the second electric pump main body 221 to suck the second liquid in the second tank 14 and delivering the second liquid sucked by the second electric pump main body 221 to the confining pressure cylinder 13, so as to achieve the purpose of providing confining pressure for the sample 200.
Alternatively, the second electric pump 22 may be a plunger type metering pump, a mechanical diaphragm type metering pump, an electromagnetic diaphragm type metering pump, or the like, and may be specifically selected according to practical situations. Since the plunger type metering pump has low noise and high accuracy, the present embodiment preferably employs the plunger type metering pump, which can improve the stability and accuracy of the axial pressure applied by the loading device 100 and reduce the noise generated by the loading device 100.
For the purpose of automatically applying the axial pressure, in some embodiments, the controller 16 is further electrically connected to the second motor 222, and the controller 16 is further configured to control the second motor 222, thereby controlling the second electric pump body 221 to suck the second liquid in the second tank 14, and to deliver a certain amount of the second liquid to the confining pressure cylinder 13, so as to control the confining pressure applied by the confining pressure cylinder 13 to the sample 200. For example, it is assumed that when the dynamic performance test is performed on the sample 200, the confining pressure of 10kN needs to be applied to the sample 200, that is, the second tank 14 needs to convey 10L of the second liquid into the confining pressure cylinder 13, so that the confining pressure of 10kN can be applied to the sample 200 by the confining pressure cylinder 13, and the controller 16 can control the second electric pump main body 221 to suck 10L of the second liquid and convey the sucked second liquid into the shaft pressure cylinder 11 by controlling the second motor 222, so that the purpose of accurately and automatically applying the confining pressure to the sample 200 is achieved.
It should be noted that the magnitude of the axial pressure and the confining pressure provided by the loading device 100 provided in this embodiment may be equal, or steadily increase with a certain difference, so as to simulate the situation that the axial pressure and the confining pressure of the sample 200 in the geological environment are not equal. For example, the confining pressure and the axial pressure applied to the sample by the loading device 100 provided in the present embodiment may be gradually increased, and in this process of increasing, the axial pressure is always 2kN, 3kN, 4kN, 5kN, or the like larger than the confining pressure.
Further, a third control valve 23 is provided in the connection pipe between the second casing 14 and the second electric pump main body 221, and the third control valve 23 is used for controlling the opening and closing of the connection pipe between the second casing 14 and the second electric pump main body 221. That is, when the second electric pump body 221 sucks the second liquid into the second tank 14, the third control valve 23 is opened, and at this time, the connection pipe between the second tank 14 and the second electric pump body 221 is communicated, and the second electric pump body 221 can suck the second liquid in the second tank 14. When the second electric pump main body 221 sends the second liquid to the confining pressure cylinder 13, the third control valve 23 is closed, and at this time, the connecting pipe between the second tank 14 and the second electric pump main body 221 is closed, so that the situation that the second electric pump main body 221 sends the second liquid back to the second tank 14 can be avoided.
Alternatively, the third control valve 23 may be an electric valve or a hydraulic valve, etc., and may be specifically determined according to practical situations.
In some embodiments, to increase the automation of the loading device 100, the third control valve 23 may be electrically connected to the controller 16, so that the controller 16 can control the third control valve 23 to be opened or closed, and thus, the opening and closing of the third control valve 23 do not need to be manually operated.
In some embodiments, the connecting pipe between the second electric pump main body 221 and the confining pressure cylinder 13 is provided with a fourth control valve 24, and the fourth control valve 24 is used for controlling the opening and closing of the connecting pipe between the second electric pump main body 221 and the confining pressure cylinder 13. That is, when the second electric pump body 221 sucks the second liquid into the second tank 14, the fourth control valve 24 is closed, and at this time, the connecting pipe between the confining pressure cylinder 13 and the second electric pump body 221 is closed, and the second electric pump body 221 can suck the second liquid in the second tank 14. When the second electric pump body 221 delivers the second liquid to the confining pressure cylinder 13, the fourth control valve 24 is opened, and at this time, the connecting pipe between the confining pressure cylinder 13 and the second electric pump body 221 is opened, and the second electric pump body 221 can deliver the second liquid to the confining pressure cylinder 13, so as to achieve the purpose of applying confining pressure to the sample 200.
Alternatively, the fourth control valve 24 may be an electric valve or a hydraulic valve, etc., and may be specifically determined according to practical situations.
To increase the automation of the loading device 100, in some embodiments, the fourth control valve 24 may be electrically connected to the controller 16, so that the controller 16 can control the fourth control valve 24 to be opened or closed, and thus, the fourth control valve 24 does not need to be manually opened or closed.
Further, in order to intuitively obtain the magnitude of the confining pressure applied to the sample 200 by the confining pressure cylinder 13, in some embodiments, a second pressure sensor 25 is provided between the second electric pump 22 and the confining pressure cylinder 13, that is, a second pressure sensor 25 is provided between the second electric pump main body 221 and the confining pressure cylinder 13, so that the liquid pressure in the confining pressure cylinder 13 can be detected by the second pressure sensor 25, thereby obtaining the magnitude of the confining pressure applied to the sample 200 by the confining pressure cylinder 13. That is, the experimenter can intuitively obtain the magnitude of the confining pressure applied to the sample 200 by the loading device 100 through the second pressure sensor 25.
Alternatively, the second pressure sensor 25 may be a strain type pressure sensor, a ceramic pressure sensor, a diffused silicon pressure sensor, a sapphire pressure sensor, a piezoelectricity sensor, or the like, and may be specifically determined according to practical situations.
It should be noted that, vacuum grease (i.e., vacuum grease, refined synthetic oil is used as a base oil thick inorganic thickener, and a structural stabilizer and an anti-corrosion additive are added to refine) is applied at the contact surface of the sample 200 and the rod of the loading device 100 as a coupling agent, so as to ensure sufficient contact between the sample 200 and the rod. However, when the first liquid and the second liquid use hydraulic oil, lubricating oil, engine oil, or the like, the vacuum grease is miscible with the first liquid and the second liquid, which may cause the first liquid and the second liquid to infiltrate into the contact surface between the specimen 200 and the rod member, thereby affecting the experimental result. When the confining pressure provided by the loading device 100 is greater than the axial pressure, the oil pressure penetrating into the contact surface may be excessively high, which counteracts the axial pressure provided by the loading device 100, so that the sample 200 is separated from the rod member, and the sample 200 is dropped. Thus, to avoid the foregoing, in some embodiments, the loading device 100 provides an axial pressure magnitude that is greater than or equal to the confining pressure magnitude throughout the test, i.e., the loading device 100 satisfies the following relationship:
P x ≥P y
Wherein P is x The magnitude of the axial pressure, P, provided for the loading device 100 y The amount of confining pressure provided for the loading device 100. When the loading device meets the relational expression, the sample and the rod piece are tightly connected, and the sample is not easy to fall off from the rod piece.
Further, the force exerted by the lever on the specimen 200 is:
F＝(P x -P y )A b
wherein A is b Is the cross-sectional area of the rod, i.e., the contact area of the rod with the test specimen 200.
According to the force balance principle, the rod pieces connected with the two ends of the sample 200 have equal force on the sample 200, and the sample 200 is clamped between the rod pieces through friction force between the rod pieces. Thus, to ensure the stability of the connection between the test sample 200 and the rod, in some embodiments, the loading device 100 may satisfy the following relationship:
2μF≥mg
wherein μ is a friction coefficient between the sample 200 after the vacuum grease is applied and the rod, F is an acting force of the rod on the sample 200, m is a mass of the sample 200, g is a proportionality coefficient, and 9.8N/kg is taken. When the loading device 100 satisfies the above relation, the connection stability between the sample 200 and the rod is good, and the sample 200 is not easily separated from the rod.
Further, as can be seen from the two relations, the loading device 100 satisfies the following relation:
Further, the coefficient of friction μ between the sample 200 coated with the vacuum grease and the rod is preferably 0.02 (it will be appreciated that this value is the lowest coefficient of static friction of the sample 200 which is common in lubrication, and is relatively conservative and safe), the mass of the sample 200 is 50g, and the cross-sectional area of the rod is 1.96×10 -3 m 2 For example, it is calculated that the axial pressure applied by the loading device 100 to the sample 200 needs to be 6.25kPa and above greater than the confining pressure.
To accelerate the experimental efficiency of the dynamic performance experiment, in some embodiments, the loading device 100 further includes a third electric pump 26, where the third electric pump 26 is disposed on the second pipe 21, and the third electric pump 26 is used to convey the second liquid in the second tank 14 to the confining pressure cylinder 13, so that the confining pressure cylinder 13 is filled with the second liquid. That is, the second liquid in the second tank 14 is rapidly supplied into the confining pressure cylinder 13 by the third electric pump 26 to fill the confining pressure cylinder 13 with the second liquid, and then a certain amount of the second liquid is supplied into the confining pressure cylinder 13 by the second electric pump 22, so as to control the confining pressure applied to the sample 200 by the confining pressure cylinder 13. Thus, the confining pressure cylinder 13 can be filled with the second liquid quickly, so that the confining pressure cylinder 13 reaches experimental conditions, and the experimental efficiency of the dynamic performance experiment is improved.
Alternatively, the third electric pump 26 may be a rapid electric pump, a dry-type electric pump, a semi-dry-type electric pump, an oil-filled electric pump, a wet-type electric pump, etc., and may be specifically selected according to practical situations.
As can be seen from the foregoing, the second tank 14 can deliver the second liquid to the confining pressure cylinder 13, and the first tank 12 can also deliver the first liquid to the confining pressure cylinder 13, so that the confining pressure cylinder 13 is rapidly filled with the first liquid and the second liquid. Therefore, in order to enable faster filling of the confining pressure cylinder 13 with the first liquid and the second liquid, the first tank 12 may be connected to the confining pressure cylinder 13 by the aforementioned third electric pump 26, and the third electric pump 26 is also used for transporting the first liquid in the first tank 12 to the confining pressure cylinder 13. In this way, the confining pressure cylinder 13 can be quickly filled with the first liquid and the second liquid through the action of the third electric pump 26, so that the experimental efficiency of the dynamic performance experiment is improved.
Specifically, the number of the third electric pumps 26 may be one, two, three or more, and when the number of the third electric pumps 26 is one (as shown in fig. 1), the inlets of the third electric pumps 26 are respectively connected to the first tank 12 and the second tank 14, and the outlets of the third electric pumps 26 are connected to the confining pressure cylinder 13, so as to achieve the purpose of conveying the first liquid in the first tank 12 and the second liquid in the second tank 14 to the confining pressure cylinder 13. When the number of the third electric pumps 26 is two (as shown in fig. 2), one third electric pump 26 is disposed on the connecting pipeline between the first tank 12 and the confining pressure cylinder 13 to achieve the purpose of conveying the first liquid in the first tank 12 to the confining pressure cylinder 13, and the other third electric pump 26 is disposed on the second pipeline 21 between the second tank 14 and the confining pressure cylinder 13 to achieve the purpose of conveying the second liquid in the second tank 14 to the confining pressure cylinder 13. When the number of the third electric pumps 26 is three or more, the plurality of third electric pumps 26 may be reasonably disposed on the connecting pipes between the first casing 12 and the second casing 14 and the confining pressure cylinder 13, and will not be described here again.
In some embodiments, a fifth control valve 27 is disposed on a connecting pipeline between the third electric pump 26 and the confining pressure cylinder 13, and the fifth control valve 27 is used for controlling opening and closing of the connecting pipeline between the third electric pump 26 and the confining pressure cylinder 13. That is, when the fifth control valve 27 is opened, the connecting pipe between the confining pressure cylinder 13 and the third electric pump 26 is opened, and the third electric pump 26 can deliver the first liquid in the first tank 12 and the second liquid in the second tank 14 to the confining pressure cylinder 13 so that the confining pressure cylinder 13 is filled with the first liquid and the second liquid. When the confining pressure cylinder 13 is filled with the first liquid and the second liquid, the fifth control valve 27 is closed, and at this time, the connecting pipe between the confining pressure cylinder 13 and the main body of the third electric pump 26 is closed, and the third electric pump 26 stops the supply of the first liquid and the second liquid to the confining pressure cylinder 13.
Alternatively, the fifth control valve 27 may be an electric valve or a hydraulic valve, etc., and may be specifically determined according to practical situations.
To increase the automation of the loading device 100, in some embodiments, the fifth control valve 27 may be electrically connected to the controller 16, so that the controller 16 can control the fifth control valve 27 to be opened or closed, and thus, the opening and closing of the fifth control valve 27 need not be manually operated.
In some embodiments, the ends of the first and second conduits 20, 21 connected to the confining pressure cylinder 13 converge into a conduit and deliver the second liquid to the confining pressure cylinder 13 through the conduit. It will be appreciated that the ends of the first and second pipes 20, 21 connected to the confining pressure cylinder 13 are gathered in a pipe through which the second liquid is conveyed to the confining pressure cylinder 13, so that the number of liquid inlets of the confining pressure cylinder 13 can be reduced, the number of openings of the confining pressure cylinder 13 can be reduced, and the leakage risk of the confining pressure cylinder 13 can be reduced.
Further, a filter 28 is provided at the liquid inlet of the confining pressure cylinder 13, and the filter 28 is used for filtering the first liquid and the second liquid entering the confining pressure cylinder 13, so as to prevent impurities in the first liquid and the second liquid from entering the confining pressure cylinder 13.
Since the first liquid and the second liquid entering the confining pressure cylinder 13 may come into contact with the sample 200, the first liquid and the second liquid in the confining pressure cylinder 13 are contaminated, so that the first liquid and the second liquid entering the confining pressure cylinder 13 cannot be directly reused. If the first liquid and the second liquid which have entered the confining pressure cylinder 13 are directly discharged to the sewer, environmental impact may occur. Thus, in some embodiments, the loading device 100 further comprises a third tank 29, the third tank 29 being connected to the confining pressure cylinder 13, the third tank 29 being adapted to recover the first liquid and the second liquid in the confining pressure cylinder 13. After the first and second liquids recovered by the third tank 29 are then treated by the experimenter, the recovered first and second liquids can be reused or discharged to a sewer.
Specifically, the third tank 29 may be directly connected to the liquid outlet of the confining pressure cylinder 13, and the first liquid and the second liquid in the confining pressure cylinder 13 are directly recovered through the liquid outlet of the confining pressure cylinder 13. The third tank 29 may be further connected to a connection pipe between the third electric pump 26 and the confining pressure cylinder 13, that is, the third tank 29 may be further connected to a connection pipe between the third electric pump 26 and the fifth valve control valve, so that when the dynamic performance experiment of the sample 200 is completed, the fourth control valve 24 is closed, and the fifth control valve 27 is opened, so that the first liquid and the second liquid in the confining pressure cylinder 13 may be recovered into the third tank 29. The latter connection mode is preferably adopted in this embodiment, so that the confining pressure cylinder 13 does not need to be additionally provided with a liquid outlet, that is, the liquid inlet of the confining pressure cylinder 13 can be equivalent to the liquid outlet of the confining pressure cylinder 13, thereby being beneficial to reducing the opening ratio of the confining pressure cylinder 13 and further reducing the liquid leakage risk of the confining pressure cylinder 13.
In some embodiments, the loading device 100 further includes a sixth control valve 30, where the sixth control valve 30 is disposed on a connecting pipe between the third tank 29 and the confining pressure cylinder 13. Specifically, when the third tank 29 is directly connected to the liquid outlet of the confining pressure cylinder 13, the sixth control valve 30 is disposed on a connecting pipe between the third tank 29 and the liquid outlet of the confining pressure cylinder 13; when the third casing 29 is connected to the confining pressure cylinder 13 through the connecting pipe between the third electric pump 26 and the confining pressure cylinder 13, the sixth control valve 30 is provided on the connecting pipe of the connecting pipe between the third casing 29 and the third electric pump 26 and the confining pressure cylinder 13. It is to be understood that the sixth control valve 30 is used to control the opening and closing of the connecting pipe between the third tank 29 and the confining pressure cylinder 13. That is, when the sixth control valve 30 is opened, the connecting pipe between the confining pressure cylinder 13 and the third tank 29 is opened, and the third tank 29 can recover the first liquid and the second liquid in the confining pressure cylinder 13. When the loading device 100 is in the experimental state, the sixth control valve 30 is closed to prevent the first liquid and the second liquid in the confining pressure cylinder 13 from being transferred into the third tank 29, thereby affecting the dynamic performance experiment of the sample 200.
Alternatively, the sixth control valve 30 may be an electric valve or a hydraulic valve, etc., and may be specifically determined according to practical situations.
To increase the automation of the loading device 100, in some embodiments, the sixth control valve 30 may be electrically connected to the controller 16, so that the controller 16 can control the sixth control valve 30 to be opened or closed, and thus, the opening and closing of the sixth control valve 30 need not be manually operated.
Since the sample 200 may also be subjected to the osmotic pressure in the geological environment, in order to obtain the dynamic performance of the sample 200 in the geological environment more accurately when the dynamic performance test is performed on the sample 200, the osmotic pressure needs to be applied to the test sample 200 to truly reflect the stress condition of the sample 200 in the geological environment. Thus, in some embodiments, the loading device 100 further comprises a structure that provides osmotic pressure to the sample 200.
Specifically, referring to fig. 3 and 4, the loading device 100 further includes a pressure tank 31, where the pressure tank 31 is used for storing a gas (such as gas, hydrogen, nitrogen, or carbon dioxide, etc.) or a third liquid (such as hydraulic oil, lubricating oil, engine oil, or water, etc.), and the pressure tank 31 is connected to the sample 200, and the pressure tank 31 is used for delivering the gas or the third liquid to the sample 200, so that the gas or the third liquid delivered by the pressure tank 31 permeates into the sample 200 from a first end of the sample 200 and seeps out from a second end of the sample 200 opposite to the first end, thereby achieving the purpose of applying an osmotic pressure to the sample 200.
Further, the loading device 100 further includes a third pipe 32 and a fourth pipe 33, the third pipe 32 is connected to the pressure tank 31, and the sample 200 is disposed between the third pipe 32 and the fourth pipe 33, and the third pipe 32 is used for delivering the gas or the third liquid in the pressure tank 31 to the sample 200. I.e. the third conduit 32 is used to convey the gas or third liquid in the pressure tank 31 into the sample 200. The fourth conduit 33 is used to transport the gas or third liquid flowing out of the effluent sample 200.
In some embodiments, the third pipe 32 and/or the fourth pipe 33 are provided with a flow meter 34, i.e. the third pipe 32 is provided with a flow meter 34, or the fourth pipe 33 is provided with a flow meter 34, or both the third pipe 32 and the fourth pipe 33 are provided with a flow meter 34. When the flow meter 34 is provided on the third pipe 32, the flow meter 34 is used to measure the flow rate of the gas or the third liquid flowing into the sample 200; when the fourth pipe 33 is provided with the flow meter 34, the flow meter 34 is used to measure the flow rate of the gas or the third liquid flowing out of the sample 200. Wherein, when the gas is stored in the pressure tank 31, the flow meter 34 is a gas flow meter; when the third liquid is stored in the pressure tank 31, the flow meter 34 is a liquid flow meter.
Alternatively, the number of the flow meters 34 may be one, two, three, four or more, and may be specifically selected according to the actual situation.
For example, when the number of the flow meters 34 is two, the first flow meter 341 and the second flow meter 342 are respectively, the first flow meter 341 is used for measuring the instantaneous flow rate of the gas or the third liquid flowing into the sample 200, and the second flow meter 342 is used for measuring the cumulative flow rate of the gas or the third liquid flowing into the sample 200 when the first flow meter 341 and the second flow meter 342 are provided in the third pipe 32. When the first flow meter 341 and the second flow meter 342 are provided to the fourth pipe 33, the first flow meter 341 is used to measure the instantaneous flow rate of the gas or the third liquid flowing out of the sample 200, and the second flow meter 342 is used to measure the cumulative flow rate of the gas or the third liquid flowing out of the sample 200. By providing the first flow meter 341 and the second flow meter 342 on the third pipe 32 or the fourth pipe 33, the instantaneous flow rate of the gas or the third liquid flowing into or out of the sample 200 can be measured in real time, and the measurement of the cumulative flow rate of the gas or the third liquid flowing into or out of the sample 200 can be performed, thereby facilitating the experimenter to acquire the condition information of the osmotic pressure applied to the sample 200 by the gas or the third liquid from the measured instantaneous flow rate and the cumulative flow rate.
In some embodiments, to detect the amount of gas and the amount of liquid permeated within the sample 200, the number of the flow meters 34 may be four, namely, a first flow meter 341, a second flow meter 342, a third flow meter 343, and a fourth flow meter 344, wherein the first flow meter 341 and the second flow meter 342 are disposed on the fourth pipe 33, and the third flow meter 343 and the fourth flow meter 344 are disposed on the third pipe 32. The first flowmeter 341 is configured to measure an instantaneous flow rate of the gas or the third liquid flowing out of the sample 200, the second flowmeter 342 is configured to measure a cumulative flow rate of the gas or the third liquid flowing out of the sample 200, the third flowmeter 343 is configured to measure an instantaneous flow rate of the gas or the third liquid flowing into the sample 200, and the fourth flowmeter 344 is configured to measure a cumulative flow rate of the gas or the third liquid flowing into the sample 200. Thus, when the instantaneous flow rate measured by the first flow meter 341 is subtracted from the instantaneous flow rate measured by the third flow meter 343, the flow rate variation of the gas or the third liquid in the sample 200 can be obtained; when the integrated flow measured using the fourth flow meter 344 minus the integrated flow measured using the second flow meter 342, the amount of gas or third liquid in the sample 200 can be obtained.
In some embodiments, the loading device 100 further includes a third pressure sensor 35, the third pressure sensor 35 being disposed on the third conduit 32, the third pressure sensor 35 being configured to detect an amount of osmotic pressure applied by the loading device 100 to the sample 200.
Alternatively, the third pressure sensor 35 may be a pneumatic sensor or a hydraulic sensor. It will be appreciated that when the gas is stored in the pressure tank 31, the third pressure sensor 35 is a gas pressure sensor; when the third liquid is stored in the pressure tank 31, the third pressure sensor 35 is a hydraulic pressure sensor.
In order to more intuitively obtain the amount of osmotic pressure applied by the loading device 100 to the sample 200, the instantaneous and cumulative flow of the gas or the third liquid into the sample 200, and the instantaneous and cumulative flow of the gas or the third liquid out of the sample 200, in some embodiments, the loading device 100 further includes a display 36, where the display 36 is electrically connected to the third pressure sensor 35, the first flow meter 341, the second flow meter 342, the third flow meter 343, and the fourth flow meter 344, respectively. In this way, the display 36 can simultaneously display the amount of osmotic pressure applied to the sample 200 by the loading device 100, the instantaneous flow rate and the cumulative flow rate of the gas or the third liquid flowing into the sample 200, and the instantaneous flow rate and the cumulative flow rate of the gas or the third liquid flowing out of the sample 200. Thus, the experimenter does not need to observe the third pressure sensor 35, the first flowmeter 341, the second flowmeter 342, the third flowmeter 343 and the fourth flowmeter 344 to acquire related information, which is beneficial to the experimenter to acquire experimental related data more intuitively.
In some embodiments, the loading device 100 further includes a seventh control valve 37, the seventh control valve 37 being disposed on the third conduit 32. The seventh control valve 37 is used to control the opening and closing of the third pipe 32 between the pressure tank 31 and the sample 200. That is, when the seventh control valve 37 is opened, the third pipe 32 between the pressure tank 31 and the sample 200 is opened, and the pressure tank 31 can deliver gas or third liquid to the sample 200, thereby applying osmotic pressure to the sample 200. After the dynamic performance test on the sample 200 is completed, the seventh control valve 37 is closed, and at this time, the third pipe 32 between the pressure tank 31 and the sample 200 is closed, and the pressure tank 31 cannot deliver the gas or the third liquid to the sample 200, so that the problem of leakage of the gas or the third liquid can be prevented.
Alternatively, the seventh control valve 37 may be an electric valve, a hydraulic valve, or the like, and may be specifically determined according to the actual situation.
To increase the automation of the loading device 100, in some embodiments, the seventh control valve 37 may be electrically connected to the controller 16, so that the controller 16 can control the seventh control valve 37 to be opened or closed, and thus, the opening and closing of the seventh control valve 37 do not need to be manually operated.
In some embodiments, when gas is stored in the pressure tank 31 (see fig. 3 in detail), the loading device 100 further includes an eighth control valve 38, where the eighth control valve 38 is disposed on the third pipe 32, and specifically, the eighth control valve 38 is disposed on the third pipe 32 between the seventh control valve 37 and the sample 200. The eighth control valve 38 is used to control the flow rate of the gas supplied from the pressure tank 31 to the sample 200. That is, the opening degree of the eighth control valve 38 may be controlled to control the flow rate of the gas supplied from the pressure tank 31 to the sample 200, and for example, the opening degree of the eighth control valve 38 may be controlled to control the flow rate of the gas supplied from the pressure tank 31 to the sample 200 to 1L/s, 2L/s, 3L/s, 4L/s, or the like. By providing the eighth control valve 38, the purpose of controlling the amount of osmotic pressure applied to the sample 200 by the loading device 100 can be achieved.
Specifically, the eighth control valve 38 is a rotary valve. Alternatively, the eighth control valve 38 may be a rotary butterfly valve, a rotary ball valve, a rotary plunger valve, or the like, and may be specifically determined according to practical situations.
When the third liquid is stored in the pressure tank 31 (see fig. 4 in detail), the loading device 100 further includes a fourth electric pump 39, where the fourth electric pump 39 is disposed on the third pipe 32, and specifically, the fourth electric pump 39 is disposed on the third pipe 32 between the seventh control valve 37 and the sample 200. The fourth electric pump 39 is used to control the flow rate of the third liquid supplied from the pressure tank 31 to the sample 200. That is, the flow rate of the third liquid supplied from the pressure tank 31 to the sample 200 can be controlled by controlling the power of the fourth electric pump 39, and for example, the flow rate of the third liquid supplied from the pressure tank 31 to the sample 200 can be controlled to be 1L/s, 2L/s, 3L/s, 4L/s, or the like by controlling the power of the fourth electric pump 39. By providing the fourth electric pump 39, the purpose of controlling the amount of osmotic pressure applied to the sample 200 by the loading device 100 can be achieved.
Alternatively, the fourth electric pump 39 may be a rapid electric pump, a dry-type electric pump, a semi-dry-type electric pump, an oil-filled electric pump, a wet-type electric pump, etc., and may be specifically selected according to practical situations.
To increase the automation degree of the loading device 100, in some embodiments, the eighth control valve 38 and the fourth electric pump 39 may be electrically connected to the controller 16, so that the controller 16 can control the opening degree of the eighth control valve 38 or the controller 16 can control the power of the fourth electric pump 39, so as to regulate the osmotic pressure applied to the sample 200.
In order to prevent the gas or the third liquid which has passed through the sample 200 from being directly discharged to the outside, environmental pollution is caused, or to realize the recycling of the gas or the third liquid. In some embodiments, the loading device 100 further includes a fourth tank 40, where the fourth tank 40 is connected to an end of the fourth pipe 33 facing away from the sample, that is, the fourth tank 40 is used for storing the gas or the third liquid after passing through the sample 200.
Referring to fig. 5, in some embodiments, the loading device 100 further includes a control panel 41 and a device main body 42, where the control panel 41, the shaft cylinder 11, the first casing 12, the confining cylinder 13, the second casing 14, the controller 16, the pressure tank 31, etc. are all disposed on the device main body 42, and the display 36 is disposed on the control panel 41.
Further, the control panel 41 is electrically connected to the controller 16, so that an experimenter can operate the control panel 41 to transmit signals to the controller 16, so that the controller 16 controls the corresponding devices to operate. Specifically, the control panel 41 is further provided with a confining pressure liquid suction key 41a, a confining pressure liquid discharge key 41b, an axial pressure liquid suction key 41c, an axial pressure liquid discharge key 41d, an osmotic pressure control key 41e, and the like, so that the operations of supplying the first liquid and the second liquid to the confining pressure cylinder 13, recovering the first liquid and the second liquid in the confining pressure cylinder 13 to the third tank 29, supplying the first liquid to the axial pressure cylinder 11, returning the first liquid in the axial pressure cylinder 11 to the first tank 12, controlling the pressure tank 31 to apply osmotic pressure to the sample 200, and the like are realized.
Referring to fig. 6 and fig. 7, the application further discloses an experimental method of the loading device, wherein the loading device 100 adopted in the experimental method is the loading device 100, and when the experimental method is adopted to perform experiments on the sample 200, the axial pressure, the confining pressure and the osmotic pressure of the sample 200 in a geological environment can be simulated, so that experimental data are more real. Specifically, the experimental method comprises the following specific steps:
step 201: and conveying the first liquid in the first box body and the second liquid in the second box body to the confining pressure cylinder so that the confining pressure cylinder is filled with the first liquid and the second liquid.
Specifically, the test specimen 200 is placed at a corresponding position on the power loading device, then the fourth control valve 24 and the sixth control valve 30 are closed, then the fifth control valve 27 is opened and the third electric pump 26 is activated, at which time the third electric pump 26 delivers the first liquid in the first tank 12 and the second liquid in the second tank 14 into the confining pressure cylinder 13. When the confining pressure cylinder 13 is just filled with the confining pressure cylinder 13, the third electric pump 26 and the fifth control valve 27 are immediately closed. Therefore, the confining pressure cylinder 13 can be rapidly filled with the first liquid and the second liquid, so that the confining pressure applied to the sample 200 by the confining pressure cylinder 13 can be rapidly enabled to meet the experimental requirement, and the experimental efficiency is improved.
Step 202: the first liquid in the first tank is delivered to the shaft cylinder.
Specifically, the second control valve 18 is closed, then the first control valve 17 is opened, and then the controller 16 controls the first motor 152, so that the first motor 152 controls the first electric pump body 151 to suck the first liquid from the first tank 12. After the first electric pump body 151 sucks the first liquid, the first control valve 17 is closed, the second control valve 18 is opened, and then the controller 16 controls the first motor 152 to further control the first electric pump body 151 to deliver a certain volume of the first liquid to the axial pressure cylinder 11, so that the axial pressure applied by the axial pressure cylinder 11 to the sample 200 is the target axial pressure. Finally, the second control valve 18 and the first electric pump 15 are closed.
Step 203: and conveying the second liquid in the second box body to the confining pressure cylinder.
Specifically, the third control valve 23 is opened, and the controller 16 controls the second motor 222, so that the second motor 222 controls the second electric pump body 221 to suck the second liquid from the second tank 14. After the second electric pump main body 221 sucks the second liquid, the third control valve 23 is closed, the fourth control valve 24 is opened, and then the controller 16 controls the second motor 222 to further control the second electric pump main body 221 to deliver a certain volume of the second liquid to the confining pressure cylinder 13, so that the confining pressure applied to the sample 200 by the confining pressure cylinder 13 is the target confining pressure. Finally, the fourth control valve 24 and the second electric pump 22 are closed.
Step 204: osmotic pressure was applied to the sample.
Specifically, the seventh control valve 37 is opened, and then the opening of the eighth control valve 38 or the power of the fourth electric pump 39 is adjusted (i.e., the opening of the eighth control valve 38 is adjusted when the gas is stored in the pressure tank 31; the power of the fourth electric pump 39 is adjusted when the third liquid is stored in the pressure tank 31) so that the osmotic pressure applied to the sample 200 by the pressure tank 31 is the target osmotic pressure. To this end, the preparation of the kinetic performance test of the sample 200 is completed.
Step 205: the test sample was subjected to a kinetic performance experiment.
Step 206: unloading osmotic pressure.
Specifically, after the completion of the experiment, the seventh control valve 37 was closed, and the application of osmotic pressure to the sample 200 was stopped.
Step 207: and unloading the shaft pressure and the confining pressure.
The first control valve 17, the second control valve 18, the fifth control valve 27, and the sixth control valve 30 are opened so that the first liquid in the shaft cylinder 11 can flow back to the first tank 12, and so that the first liquid and the second liquid in the confining pressure cylinder 13 can flow to the third tank 29, thereby relieving the shaft pressure and confining pressure applied to the sample 200. It is to be understood that the unloading sequence of the shaft pressure and the confining pressure may be to unload the shaft pressure and the confining pressure simultaneously, or may unload the shaft pressure first and then unload the confining pressure, or may unload the confining pressure first and then unload the shaft pressure, which is not limited in this embodiment.
The loading device and the experimental method disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention are described in detail, and specific examples are applied to illustrate the principles and the embodiments of the present invention, and the description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the loading device and the experimental method of the present invention and the core ideas thereof; meanwhile, as those skilled in the art will vary in the specific embodiments and application scope according to the idea of the present invention, the present disclosure should not be construed as limiting the present invention in summary.
Claims (6)
1. A loading device for performing a kinetic performance experiment on a sample, the loading device comprising:
a shaft pressing cylinder for providing shaft pressing to the sample;
the first box body is used for storing first liquid and is connected with the shaft pressing cylinder so as to convey the first liquid to the shaft pressing cylinder;
the confining pressure cylinder is used for providing confining pressure for the sample, the confining pressure cylinder is connected with the first box body, and the first box body is also used for conveying the first liquid to the confining pressure cylinder; and
the second box body is used for storing second liquid and is connected with the confining pressure cylinder so as to convey the second liquid to the confining pressure cylinder;
A first pipeline and a second pipeline are connected between the second box body and the confining pressure cylinder, two ends of the first pipeline are respectively connected with the second box body and the confining pressure cylinder, and two ends of the second pipeline are respectively connected with the second box body and the confining pressure cylinder;
one ends of the first pipeline and the second pipeline, which are connected with the confining pressure cylinder, are converged on one pipeline, and the second liquid is conveyed to the confining pressure cylinder through the pipeline;
the third electric pump is arranged on the second pipeline and is used for conveying the second liquid in the second box body to the confining pressure cylinder; the first box body is connected to the confining pressure cylinder through the third electric pump, and the third electric pump is also used for conveying the first liquid in the first box body to the confining pressure cylinder;
the second electric pump is arranged on the first pipeline and is used for conveying the second liquid in the second box body to the confining pressure cylinder;
the contact surface of the sample and the rod piece of the loading device is coated with vacuum grease, and the loading device meets the following relation:
wherein μ is a coefficient of friction between the sample and the rod after the application of the vacuum grease, A b For the contact area of the rod piece and the sample, m is the mass of the sample, g is a proportionality coefficient, px is the axial pressure provided by the loading device, and Py is the confining pressure provided by the loading device.
2. The loading device of claim 1, further comprising a first electric pump, the first tank being connected to the shaft cylinder by the first electric pump, the first electric pump being configured to deliver the first liquid in the first tank to the shaft cylinder.
3. The loading device of claim 1, further comprising a third tank connected to the confining pressure cylinder, the third tank for recovering the first liquid and the second liquid within the confining pressure cylinder.
4. A loading device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a pressure tank for storing a gas or a third liquid, the pressure tank being connected to the sample, the pressure tank being for delivering the gas or the third liquid to the sample to provide osmotic pressure to the sample.
5. The loading device of claim 4, further comprising a third conduit and a fourth conduit, the third conduit being connected to the pressure tank and the sample being disposed between the third conduit and the fourth conduit, the third conduit being for delivering the gas or the third liquid within the pressure tank to the sample, the fourth conduit being for delivering the gas or the third liquid exiting the sample;
A flow meter is provided on the third pipe and/or the fourth pipe, and is used for measuring the flow rate of the gas or the third liquid flowing into the sample and/or the flow rate of the gas or the third liquid flowing out of the sample.
6. A method of testing a loading device, the loading device being as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, the method comprising:
delivering the first liquid in the first tank and the second liquid in the second tank to the confining pressure cylinder so that the confining pressure cylinder is filled with the first liquid and the second liquid;
delivering the first liquid within the first tank to the shaft cylinder;
and conveying the second liquid in the second box body to the confining pressure cylinder.
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| CN101949800B (en) * | 2010-08-24 | 2012-09-05 | 清华大学 | Pressing-twisting multi-shaft loading testing machine |
| CN202837121U (en) * | 2012-10-23 | 2013-03-27 | 张磊 | Conventional tri-axial impact loading experimental device for concrete |
| CN109490085B (en) * | 2018-12-24 | 2020-12-29 | 山东科技大学 | Rock impact loading-unloading confining pressure mechanical test system and use method thereof |
| CN111220484B (en) * | 2020-03-09 | 2022-06-17 | 重庆地质矿产研究院 | Reciprocating type rock crack friction-seepage characteristic testing device and testing method |
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