CN114910358A - Full Diameter Core Fracturing and Fracture Evaluator - Google Patents

Full Diameter Core Fracturing and Fracture Evaluator Download PDF

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CN114910358A
CN114910358A CN202110171489.9A CN202110171489A CN114910358A CN 114910358 A CN114910358 A CN 114910358A CN 202110171489 A CN202110171489 A CN 202110171489A CN 114910358 A CN114910358 A CN 114910358A
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core
fracturing
full
core sample
plug
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王子强
靳军
寇根
周伟
郭慧英
李琼
吕道平
刘宝和
张自新
魏云
周浩
李婷
胡冰艳
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Petrochina Co Ltd
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/08Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
    • G01N3/10Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces generated by pneumatic or hydraulic pressure
    • G01N3/12Pressure testing
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N29/00Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
    • G01N29/04Analysing solids
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/02Details
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/02Details not specific for a particular testing method
    • G01N2203/025Geometry of the test
    • G01N2203/0256Triaxial, i.e. the forces being applied along three normal axes of the specimen
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
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Abstract

本发明提供了一种全直径岩心压裂造缝评价仪,包括:筒体,筒体具有容纳岩心试样的容纳腔;岩心底座,岩心底座与筒体的底部连接,岩心试样支撑在岩心底座上;施压装置,施压装置伸入至容纳腔内,并能够自上而下向岩心试样施加压力,岩心试样的顶端和底端分别设有压裂液注入口和压裂液采出口;多个超声波探头,岩心试样的顶端和底端均设置有超声波探头,超声波探头能够激发纵横波,通过声波在不同介质中传播的速度不同和接收到声波的时间差来检测压裂裂缝的位置和形态。本发明解决了现有技术中的岩石力学试验机无法判定岩石裂缝产生的位置和时间节点,不能清楚观察到岩石内部裂缝形成的形态以及裂缝形成的趋势问题。

Figure 202110171489

The invention provides a full-diameter core fracturing and fracture forming evaluation instrument, comprising: a cylinder body, the cylinder body has a accommodating cavity for accommodating a core sample; a core base, the core base is connected with the bottom of the cylinder body, and the core sample is supported on the core On the base; a pressure applying device, which extends into the accommodating cavity and can apply pressure to the core sample from top to bottom. The top and bottom ends of the core sample are respectively provided with a fracturing fluid injection port and a fracturing fluid. Mining port; multiple ultrasonic probes, the top and bottom of the core sample are equipped with ultrasonic probes, the ultrasonic probes can excite longitudinal and transverse waves, and detect fracturing fractures through the different speeds of sound waves propagating in different media and the time difference between receiving sound waves location and shape. The invention solves the problem that the rock mechanics testing machine in the prior art cannot determine the position and time node of rock crack generation, and cannot clearly observe the formation of cracks in the rock and the tendency of crack formation.

Figure 202110171489

Description

全直径岩心压裂造缝评价仪Full Diameter Core Fracturing and Fracture Evaluator

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及岩石力学技术领域,具体而言,涉及一种全直径岩心压裂造缝评价仪。The invention relates to the technical field of rock mechanics, in particular to a full-diameter core fracturing and fracture-forming evaluation instrument.

背景技术Background technique

储层岩石力学参数特征以及压裂室内模拟数据是储层改造参数设计的重要依据,压裂改造时造缝条件及裂缝开裂程度也是重点问题。岩石三维造缝模拟实验是研究岩石力学的重要手段,岩石三维造缝模拟实验数据是岩石力学一个重要参数。岩石三维造缝模拟实验能比较完整地模拟岩土在原始应力状态下的力学性能,是工程设计的重要依据。由于深部岩石处于复杂的应力状态,采矿工程中所遇到的岩体或矿体多处于三向应力状态,本身又是一种十分复杂的天然材料,在很多情况下,简单应力状态下的岩石应力试验不能完全反映工程实际中的岩体应力状态,必须充分认识复杂应力状态下岩石的力学性质。The characteristics of reservoir rock mechanics parameters and the simulation data in the fracturing laboratory are the important basis for the design of reservoir stimulation parameters. Fracture-making conditions and fracture cracking degree are also key issues during fracturing stimulation. The 3D rock fracture simulation experiment is an important means to study rock mechanics, and the data of the rock 3D fracture simulation experiment is an important parameter of rock mechanics. The rock three-dimensional fracture simulation experiment can simulate the mechanical properties of rock and soil under the original stress state relatively completely, which is an important basis for engineering design. Because the deep rock is in a complex stress state, the rock mass or ore body encountered in mining engineering is mostly in a three-dimensional stress state, and itself is a very complex natural material. In many cases, the rock under a simple stress state Stress test cannot fully reflect the stress state of rock mass in engineering practice, and the mechanical properties of rock under complex stress state must be fully understood.

现有的岩石力学试验机基本都属于标准设备,其轴向压力、围压、孔隙压力参数都是标准参数,岩石形变参数主要由高精度位移传感器检测,无法判定岩石裂缝产生的位置和时间节点,不能清楚观察到岩石内部裂缝形成的形态以及裂缝形成的趋势。The existing rock mechanics testing machines are basically standard equipment. The axial pressure, confining pressure, and pore pressure parameters are all standard parameters. The rock deformation parameters are mainly detected by high-precision displacement sensors, and the location and time node of rock cracks cannot be determined. , the formation of fractures in the rock and the tendency of fracture formation cannot be clearly observed.

发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

本发明的主要目的在于提供一种全直径岩心压裂造缝评价仪,以解决现有技术中的岩石力学试验机无法判定岩石裂缝产生的位置和时间节点,不能清楚观察到岩石内部裂缝形成的形态以及裂缝形成的趋势问题。The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a full-diameter core fracturing and fracture evaluation instrument, so as to solve the problem that the rock mechanics testing machine in the prior art cannot determine the location and time node of rock cracks, and cannot clearly observe the formation of cracks in the rock. Patterns and trends in crack formation.

为了实现上述目的,本发明提供了一种全直径岩心压裂造缝评价仪,包括:筒体,筒体具有容纳岩心试样的容纳腔;岩心底座,岩心底座与筒体的底部连接,岩心试样支撑在岩心底座上;施压装置,施压装置伸入至容纳腔内,并能够自上而下向岩心试样施加压力,岩心试样的顶端和底端分别设有压裂液注入口和压裂液采出口,压裂液注入口用于注入压裂液,当注入压力大于岩心试样自身特性的断裂压力时,岩心试样产生裂缝并能够使压裂液从压裂液采出口排出;多个超声波探头,岩心试样的顶端和底端均设置有超声波探头,超声波探头能够激发纵横波,通过声波在不同介质中传播的速度不同和接收到声波的时间差来检测压裂裂缝的位置和形态。In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides a full-diameter core fracturing and fracture evaluation instrument, comprising: a cylinder body, the cylinder body has a accommodating cavity for accommodating a core sample; a core base, the core base is connected to the bottom of the cylinder body, and the core The sample is supported on the core base; the pressure applying device extends into the accommodating cavity and can apply pressure to the core sample from top to bottom. The top and bottom ends of the core sample are respectively provided with fracturing fluid injections. The inlet and the fracturing fluid outlet, the fracturing fluid injection port is used to inject fracturing fluid, when the injection pressure is greater than the fracture pressure of the core sample itself, cracks will occur in the core sample and the fracturing fluid can be extracted from the fracturing fluid. The outlet is discharged; multiple ultrasonic probes, the top and bottom ends of the core sample are equipped with ultrasonic probes, the ultrasonic probes can excite longitudinal and transverse waves, and detect fracturing fractures through the different speeds of sound waves propagating in different media and the time difference between receiving sound waves location and shape.

进一步地,岩心试样的顶端和底端分别具有岩心上堵头和岩心下堵头,岩心上堵头位于施压装置和岩心试样之间,且压裂液注入口开设在岩心上堵头上,岩心下堵头位于岩心试样和岩心底座之间,且压裂液采出口开设在岩心下堵头上。Further, the top and bottom ends of the core sample are respectively provided with an upper core plug and a lower core plug, the upper core plug is located between the pressure applying device and the core sample, and the fracturing fluid injection port is provided on the core plug. On the top, the lower core plug is located between the core sample and the core base, and the fracturing fluid outlet is opened on the lower core plug.

进一步地,超声波探头安装在岩心上堵头和岩心下堵头上,且岩心上堵头和岩心下堵头上均设置有多个超声波探头,超声波探头依次通过超声波同轴电缆线和同轴线线束密封结构与超声波信号放大器电性连接,超声波信号放大器电性连接有用于生成岩心裂缝形态三维效果图的系统软件。Further, the ultrasonic probe is installed on the upper plug of the core and the lower plug of the core, and a plurality of ultrasonic probes are arranged on the upper plug of the core and the lower plug of the core, and the ultrasonic probes pass through the ultrasonic coaxial cable and the coaxial cable in turn. The wire harness sealing structure is electrically connected with the ultrasonic signal amplifier, and the ultrasonic signal amplifier is electrically connected with the system software for generating the three-dimensional effect map of the fracture shape of the core.

进一步地,同轴线线束密封结构嵌置安装于岩心底座。Further, the coaxial wire harness sealing structure is embedded and installed in the core base.

进一步地,施压装置包括轴向压力室和轴向活塞,轴向压力室安装于筒体的顶端,轴向活塞滑动安装于轴向压力室内,且轴向活塞的底端伸入筒体内,并能够向岩心试样施压。Further, the pressing device includes an axial pressure chamber and an axial piston, the axial pressure chamber is installed on the top end of the cylinder body, the axial piston is slidably installed in the axial pressure chamber, and the bottom end of the axial piston extends into the cylinder body, And can apply pressure to the core sample.

进一步地,轴向压力室的顶部连接施压液压缸,用于筒体与岩心底座之间的密封。Further, the top of the axial pressure chamber is connected to a pressure hydraulic cylinder for sealing between the cylinder and the core base.

进一步地,全直径岩心压裂造缝评价仪还包括具有不同厚度的轴向顶盖和/或岩心垫块,轴向顶盖用于安装在岩心试样的顶部,岩心垫块用于垫设在岩心试样的底部。Further, the full-diameter core fracturing and fracture evaluation instrument also includes axial top covers and/or core spacers with different thicknesses, the axial top covers are used to be installed on the top of the core sample, and the core spacers are used for cushioning. at the bottom of the core sample.

进一步地,全直径岩心压裂造缝评价仪还包括橡胶套,橡胶套套设于岩心试样的外部,并用于隔离围压和孔压的流体介质。Further, the full-diameter core fracturing and fracture forming evaluation instrument further includes a rubber sleeve, which is sleeved on the outside of the core sample and used to isolate the fluid medium of confining pressure and pore pressure.

进一步地,全直径岩心压裂造缝评价仪还包括垫块,垫块设置在岩心底座的底部。Further, the full-diameter core fracturing and fracture forming evaluation instrument further includes a spacer, and the spacer is arranged at the bottom of the core base.

进一步地,压裂液注入口连接注入泵,注入泵用于以恒压方式向岩心试样注入压裂液。Further, the fracturing fluid injection port is connected to an injection pump, and the injection pump is used to inject the fracturing fluid into the core sample in a constant pressure manner.

应用本发明的技术方案,通过采用超声波检测岩石裂缝形成的形态以及裂缝形成的趋势,可精确判定岩石裂缝产生的位置和时间节点,清楚观察到岩石内部裂缝形成的形态以及裂缝形成的趋势。同时,由于采用了高温高压三轴压力加载的机械结构,使得实验过程具有三维立体化的可视效果,相比较于现有采用示踪剂的压裂液压裂,并且通过实验后解剖验证的方法,效果更直接,实验过程更清晰。并且本实施例的全直径岩心压裂造缝评价仪整体结构紧凑合理,使用操作简单方便。By applying the technical scheme of the present invention, by using ultrasonic to detect the formation of rock fractures and the tendency of fracture formation, the location and time node of rock fractures can be accurately determined, and the formation of fractures in the rock and the formation trend of fractures can be clearly observed. At the same time, due to the mechanical structure of high temperature and high pressure triaxial pressure loading, the experimental process has a three-dimensional visual effect. , the effect is more direct, and the experimental process is clearer. In addition, the overall structure of the full-diameter core fracturing and fracture forming evaluation instrument of this embodiment is compact and reasonable, and the operation and operation are simple and convenient.

附图说明Description of drawings

构成本申请的一部分的说明书附图用来提供对本发明的进一步理解,本发明的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本发明,并不构成对本发明的不当限定。在附图中:The accompanying drawings forming a part of the present application are used to provide further understanding of the present invention, and the exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the attached image:

图1示出了本发明的全直径岩心压裂造缝评价仪的结构示意图;Fig. 1 shows the structural schematic diagram of the full-diameter core fracturing and fracture evaluation instrument of the present invention;

图2示出了图1中的全直径岩心压裂造缝评价仪的岩心上堵头的结构示意图;Fig. 2 shows the structural schematic diagram of the plug on the core of the full-diameter core fracturing and fracture evaluation instrument in Fig. 1;

图3示出了图1中的全直径岩心压裂造缝评价仪的岩心下堵头中超声波探头的安装示意图;Fig. 3 shows the installation schematic diagram of the ultrasonic probe in the lower plug of the core of the full-diameter core fracturing and fracture evaluation instrument in Fig. 1;

图4示出了采用本发明的全直径岩心压裂造缝评价仪在第一时间的三维效果图;Fig. 4 shows the three-dimensional effect diagram of the full-diameter core fracturing and fracture-forming evaluation instrument of the present invention at the first time;

图5示出了采用本发明的全直径岩心压裂造缝评价仪在第二时间的三维效果图;Fig. 5 shows the three-dimensional effect diagram of the full-diameter core fracturing and fracture formation evaluation instrument of the present invention at the second time;

图6示出了采用本发明的全直径岩心压裂造缝评价仪在第三时间的三维效果图;Fig. 6 shows the three-dimensional effect diagram at the third time using the full-diameter core fracturing and fracture evaluation instrument of the present invention;

图7示出了采用本发明的全直径岩心压裂造缝评价仪在第四时间的三维效果图。FIG. 7 shows a three-dimensional effect diagram at the fourth time using the full-diameter core fracturing and fracture-forming evaluation instrument of the present invention.

其中,上述附图包括以下附图标记:Wherein, the above-mentioned drawings include the following reference signs:

1、轴向压力室;2、轴向活塞;3、筒体;4、轴向顶盖;5、岩心上堵头;6、超声波同轴电缆线;7、岩心下堵头;8、岩心垫块;9、同轴线线束密封结构;10、岩心底座;11、超声波探头;12、岩心试样;13、橡胶套;14、垫块;15、压裂液注入口;16、压裂液采出口。1. Axial pressure chamber; 2. Axial piston; 3. Cylinder body; 4. Axial top cover; 5. Core plug; 6. Ultrasonic coaxial cable; 7. Core plug; 8. Core Spacer; 9. Coaxial wire harness sealing structure; 10. Core base; 11. Ultrasonic probe; 12. Core sample; 13. Rubber sleeve; 14. Spacer; 15. Fracturing fluid injection port; 16. Fracturing Liquid extraction outlet.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

需要说明的是,在不冲突的情况下,本申请中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。下面将参考附图并结合实施例来详细说明本发明。It should be noted that the embodiments in the present application and the features of the embodiments may be combined with each other in the case of no conflict. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in conjunction with the embodiments.

需要指出的是,除非另有指明,本申请使用的所有技术和科学术语具有与本申请所属技术领域的普通技术人员通常理解的相同含义。It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used in this application have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.

在本发明中,在未作相反说明的情况下,使用的方位词如“上、下、顶、底”通常是针对附图所示的方向而言的,或者是针对部件本身在竖直、垂直或重力方向上而言的;同样地,为便于理解和描述,“内、外”是指相对于各部件本身的轮廓的内、外,但上述方位词并不用于限制本发明。In the present invention, unless otherwise stated, the directional words used such as "upper, lower, top, bottom" are usually for the directions shown in the drawings, or for the components themselves in vertical, In terms of vertical or gravitational direction; similarly, for the convenience of understanding and description, "inner and outer" refers to the inner and outer relative to the contour of each component itself, but the above-mentioned orientation words are not used to limit the present invention.

为了解决现有技术中的岩石力学试验机无法判定岩石裂缝产生的位置和时间节点,不能清楚观察到岩石内部裂缝形成的形态以及裂缝形成的趋势问题,本发明提供了一种全直径岩心压裂造缝评价仪。In order to solve the problem that the rock mechanics testing machine in the prior art cannot determine the location and time node of the occurrence of rock cracks, and cannot clearly observe the formation of cracks in the rock and the tendency of crack formation, the present invention provides a full-diameter core fracturing Seam Evaluator.

如图1所示的一种全直径岩心压裂造缝评价仪,包括筒体3、岩心底座10、施压装置和多个超声波探头11,筒体3具有容纳岩心试样12的容纳腔;岩心底座10与筒体3的底部连接,岩心试样12支撑在岩心底座10上;施压装置伸入至容纳腔内,并能够自上而下向岩心试样12施加压力,岩心试样12的顶端和底端分别设有压裂液注入口15和压裂液采出口16,压裂液注入口15用于注入压裂液,当注入压力大于岩心试样12自身特性的断裂压力时,岩心试样12产生裂缝并能够使压裂液从压裂液采出口16排出;岩心试样12的顶端和底端均设置有超声波探头11,超声波探头11能够激发纵横波,通过声波在不同介质中传播的速度不同和接收到声波的时间差来检测压裂裂缝的位置和形态。A full-diameter core fracturing and fracture evaluation instrument as shown in FIG. 1 includes a cylinder body 3, a core base 10, a pressure applying device and a plurality of ultrasonic probes 11, and the cylinder body 3 has a accommodating cavity for accommodating a core sample 12; The core base 10 is connected to the bottom of the cylinder body 3, and the core sample 12 is supported on the core base 10; the pressing device extends into the accommodating cavity and can apply pressure to the core sample 12 from top to bottom, and the core sample 12 The fracturing fluid injection port 15 and the fracturing fluid extraction port 16 are respectively provided at the top and bottom of the fracturing fluid. The fracturing fluid injection port 15 is used to inject fracturing fluid. When the injection pressure is greater than the fracture pressure of the core sample 12 itself, the The core sample 12 produces cracks and can make the fracturing fluid discharged from the fracturing fluid outlet 16; the top and bottom ends of the core sample 12 are provided with ultrasonic probes 11, and the ultrasonic probes 11 can excite longitudinal and transverse waves, through the sound waves in different media The difference in the speed of propagation and the time difference between the received sound waves are used to detect the location and morphology of the fractures.

本实施例通过采用超声波检测岩石裂缝形成的形态以及裂缝形成的趋势,可精确判定岩石裂缝产生的位置和时间节点,清楚观察到岩石内部裂缝形成的形态以及裂缝形成的趋势。同时,由于采用了高温高压三轴压力加载的机械结构,使得实验过程具有三维立体化的可视效果,相比较于现有采用示踪剂的压裂液压裂,并且通过实验后解剖验证的方法,效果更直接,实验过程更清晰。并且本实施例的全直径岩心压裂造缝评价仪整体结构紧凑合理,使用操作简单方便。In this embodiment, ultrasonic waves are used to detect the formation of rock fractures and the formation trend of fractures, so that the location and time node of rock fractures can be accurately determined, and the formation of fractures in the rock and the formation trend of fractures can be clearly observed. At the same time, due to the mechanical structure of high temperature and high pressure triaxial pressure loading, the experimental process has a three-dimensional visual effect. , the effect is more direct, and the experimental process is clearer. In addition, the overall structure of the full-diameter core fracturing and fracture forming evaluation instrument of this embodiment is compact and reasonable, and the operation and operation are simple and convenient.

在本实施例中,岩心试样12的顶端和底端分别具有岩心上堵头5和岩心下堵头7,岩心上堵头5位于施压装置和岩心试样12之间,且压裂液注入口15开设在岩心上堵头5上,岩心下堵头7位于岩心试样12和岩心底座10之间,且压裂液采出口16开设在岩心下堵头7上。压裂液注入口15和压裂液采出口16可以提供100MPa的孔隙压力,压裂液注入口15连接注入泵,注入泵用于以恒压方式向岩心试样12注入压裂液。岩心上堵头5和岩心下堵头7用于开设压裂液注入口15和压裂液采出口16,并且本实施例的压裂液注入口15和压裂液采出口16均呈L形开设,其一端外露于岩心上堵头5或岩心下堵头7的侧面,另一端位于岩心上堵头5或岩心下堵头7的中心处,从而保证使得压裂液能够作用到岩心试样12上。In this embodiment, the top and bottom ends of the core sample 12 are provided with an upper core plug 5 and a lower core plug 7 respectively, and the upper core plug 5 is located between the pressure applying device and the core sample 12, and the fracturing fluid The injection port 15 is opened on the upper core plug 5 , the lower core plug 7 is located between the core sample 12 and the core base 10 , and the fracturing fluid outlet 16 is opened on the lower core plug 7 . The fracturing fluid injection port 15 and the fracturing fluid production port 16 can provide a pore pressure of 100 MPa. The fracturing fluid injection port 15 is connected to an injection pump, which is used to inject fracturing fluid into the core sample 12 in a constant pressure manner. The upper core plug 5 and the lower core plug 7 are used to open the fracturing fluid injection port 15 and the fracturing fluid extraction port 16, and both the fracturing fluid injection port 15 and the fracturing fluid extraction port 16 in this embodiment are L-shaped open, one end of which is exposed on the side of the upper core plug 5 or the lower core plug 7, and the other end is located at the center of the upper core plug 5 or the lower core plug 7, so as to ensure that the fracturing fluid can act on the core sample. 12 on.

除了将压裂液注入口15和压裂液采出口16开设在岩心上堵头5和岩心下堵头7上外,本实施例将超声波探头11安装在岩心上堵头5和岩心下堵头7上,具体而言,如图2所示,岩心上堵头5和岩心下堵头7远离岩心试样12中心的端面上开设有以凹槽,超声波探头11即穿设在凹槽内,超声波探头11的接线头引出岩心上堵头5和岩心下堵头7,超声波探头11依次通过超声波同轴电缆线6和同轴线线束密封结构9与超声波信号放大器电性连接,超声波信号放大器电性连接有用于生成岩心裂缝形态三维效果图的系统软件,从而将探测到的信号输送至一现有的系统软件上,通过系统软件分析处理形成需要的三维效果图。Except that the fracturing fluid injection port 15 and the fracturing fluid extraction port 16 are set on the upper core plug 5 and the lower core plug 7, the ultrasonic probe 11 is installed on the upper core plug 5 and the lower core plug 7 in this embodiment. 7, specifically, as shown in Figure 2, the upper plug 5 of the rock core and the lower plug 7 of the rock core are provided with grooves on the end faces away from the center of the core sample 12, and the ultrasonic probe 11 is inserted in the grooves, The terminal of the ultrasonic probe 11 leads out the upper core plug 5 and the lower core plug 7. The ultrasonic probe 11 is electrically connected to the ultrasonic signal amplifier through the ultrasonic coaxial cable 6 and the coaxial wire harness sealing structure 9 in turn, and the ultrasonic signal amplifier is electrically connected. It is connected with the system software for generating the three-dimensional effect map of the fracture shape of the core, so that the detected signal is transmitted to an existing system software, and the required three-dimensional effect map is formed through the analysis and processing of the system software.

优选地,岩心上堵头5和岩心下堵头7上均设置有多个超声波探头11。本实施例岩心上堵头5和岩心下堵头7上的超声波探头11的设置形式相同,以岩心下堵头7为例,岩心上堵头5内安装有多个超声波探头11,其中一个超声波探头11位于岩心下堵头7的中心处,其余的超声波探头11围绕在中心的超声波探头11的四周,例如本实施例的岩心下堵头7上安装有五个超声波探头11,其中一个超声波探头11位于中心处,其余四个超声波探头11围绕在中心的超声波探头11的四周,如图3所示。中心处的超声波探头11连接超声波信号放大器的P波,中心处周向相对的两个超声波探头11连接超声波信号放大器的S1波,另外两个相对的超声波探头11连接超声波信号放大器的S2波,即在图3中,右端的接头连P波,左上端的接头连S1波,左下端的接头连S2波。当然,超声波探头11的具体设置方式以及连接方式也可以根据需要进行相应改变。Preferably, a plurality of ultrasonic probes 11 are provided on both the upper core plug 5 and the lower core plug 7 . The configuration of the ultrasonic probes 11 on the upper core plug 5 and the lower core plug 7 in this embodiment is the same. Taking the lower core plug 7 as an example, a plurality of ultrasonic probes 11 are installed in the upper core plug 5, and one ultrasonic probe 11 is installed in the upper core plug 5. The probe 11 is located at the center of the lower core plug 7, and the rest of the ultrasonic probes 11 surround the central ultrasonic probe 11. For example, five ultrasonic probes 11 are installed on the lower core plug 7 in this embodiment, one of which is an ultrasonic probe. 11 is located at the center, and the remaining four ultrasonic probes 11 surround the center ultrasonic probe 11, as shown in FIG. 3 . The ultrasonic probe 11 at the center is connected to the P wave of the ultrasonic signal amplifier, the two circumferentially opposite ultrasonic probes 11 at the center are connected to the S1 wave of the ultrasonic signal amplifier, and the other two opposite ultrasonic probes 11 are connected to the S2 wave of the ultrasonic signal amplifier, that is, In Figure 3, the connector on the right end is connected to the P wave, the connector on the upper left end is connected to the S1 wave, and the connector on the lower left end is connected to the S2 wave. Of course, the specific setting method and connection method of the ultrasonic probe 11 can also be changed accordingly as required.

在本实施例中,同轴线线束密封结构9纵向嵌置安装于岩心底座10上,且贯穿岩心底座10,超声波同轴电缆线6穿设在同轴线线束密封结构9上,从而穿过岩心底座10从容纳腔内穿出,然后即可接在超声波信号放大器上。同轴线线束密封结构9的设置可以保证容纳腔的密封效果。In this embodiment, the coaxial wire harness sealing structure 9 is longitudinally embedded and installed on the core base 10, and penetrates through the core base 10. The ultrasonic coaxial cable 6 is passed through the coaxial wire harness sealing structure 9 so as to pass through the core base 10. The core base 10 is protruded from the accommodating cavity, and then can be connected to the ultrasonic signal amplifier. The arrangement of the coaxial wire harness sealing structure 9 can ensure the sealing effect of the accommodating cavity.

本实施例的施压装置包括轴向压力室1和轴向活塞2,轴向压力室1安装于筒体3的顶端,轴向活塞2滑动安装于轴向压力室1内,且轴向活塞2的底端伸入筒体3内,并能够向岩心试样12施压。筒体3、轴向压力室1和轴向活塞2三者组成一个液压活塞结构,主要给岩心试样12的上端面作用一个向下的轴向力,根据需要可以设计不超过2500KN的轴向力。The pressing device in this embodiment includes an axial pressure chamber 1 and an axial piston 2. The axial pressure chamber 1 is installed on the top end of the cylinder body 3, the axial piston 2 is slidably installed in the axial pressure chamber 1, and the axial piston The bottom end of 2 protrudes into the cylinder body 3 and can apply pressure to the core sample 12 . The cylinder body 3, the axial pressure chamber 1 and the axial piston 2 constitute a hydraulic piston structure, which mainly acts a downward axial force on the upper end face of the core sample 12. According to the needs, the axial direction of no more than 2500KN can be designed. force.

本实施例的轴向压力室1的顶部连接施压液压缸,用于筒体3与岩心底座10之间的密封。筒体3和岩心底座10可以组成一个耐高压的容纳腔,根据需要可以设计100MPa的围压,容纳腔的密封可由作用于轴向压力室1上面的5000KN施压液压缸提供下压力,将筒体3与岩心底座10密封在一起。The top of the axial pressure chamber 1 in this embodiment is connected to a pressure hydraulic cylinder for sealing between the cylinder body 3 and the core base 10 . The cylinder body 3 and the core base 10 can form a high-pressure-resistant accommodating chamber. The confining pressure of 100MPa can be designed according to the needs. The sealing of the accommodating chamber can be provided by the 5000KN pressure hydraulic cylinder acting on the axial pressure chamber 1. The body 3 is sealed with the core base 10 .

在本实施例中,全直径岩心压裂造缝评价仪还包括具有不同厚度的轴向顶盖4和/或岩心垫块8,轴向顶盖4用于安装在岩心试样12的顶部,岩心垫块8用于垫设在岩心试样12的底部。通过设置不同厚度的轴向顶盖4和岩心垫块8可以使得各种长度的岩心试样12均能够安装固定在容纳腔内,同时保证轴向活塞2能够按照预想的方式为岩心试样12施压,避免因岩心试样12长度不同造成轴向活塞2的行程不够的情况,提高全直径岩心压裂造缝评价仪的适应性和可靠性。In this embodiment, the full-diameter core fracturing and fracture evaluation instrument further includes an axial top cover 4 and/or a core spacer 8 with different thicknesses, and the axial top cover 4 is used to be installed on the top of the core sample 12, The core block 8 is used to cushion the bottom of the core sample 12 . By arranging the axial top cover 4 and the core spacer 8 with different thicknesses, the core samples 12 of various lengths can be installed and fixed in the accommodating cavity, and at the same time, it is ensured that the axial piston 2 can be the core sample 12 in the expected way. Pressure is applied to avoid the situation that the stroke of the axial piston 2 is insufficient due to the different lengths of the core samples 12, thereby improving the adaptability and reliability of the full-diameter core fracturing and fracture-making evaluation instrument.

在本实施例中,全直径岩心压裂造缝评价仪还包括橡胶套13,橡胶套13套设于岩心试样12的外部,并用于隔离围压和孔压的流体介质,使岩心试样12处于三轴压力环境中试验。In this embodiment, the full-diameter core fracturing and fracture forming evaluation instrument further includes a rubber sleeve 13, which is sleeved on the outside of the core sample 12, and is used to isolate the fluid medium of confining pressure and pore pressure, so that the core sample 12 Tested in a triaxial pressure environment.

可选地,全直径岩心压裂造缝评价仪还包括垫块14,垫块14可拆卸地设置在岩心底座10的底部,作为支撑和缓冲的部件。Optionally, the full-diameter core fracturing and fracture formation evaluation instrument further includes a spacer block 14, and the spacer block 14 is detachably arranged on the bottom of the core base 10 as a supporting and buffering component.

采用本实施例的全直径岩心压裂造缝评价仪进行试验可以得到如图4至图7所示的三维效果图,其中图4至图7为随着试验时间依次增加,分别在第一时间、第二时间、第三时间和第四时间时得到的三维效果图,图中的小点表示裂缝产生的位置,将这些小点拟合起来就是一道道的裂缝的产生,随着小点的数量越来越多,表明产生的裂缝越来越大,根据小点的生成的先后顺序可表明裂缝的发展趋势。Using the full-diameter core fracturing and fracture forming evaluation instrument of this embodiment to conduct the test, the three-dimensional effect diagrams shown in Fig. 4 to Fig. 7 can be obtained. , the second time, the third time and the fourth time, the three-dimensional renderings are obtained. The small dots in the figure represent the location of the cracks. Fitting these small dots together is the generation of one after another cracks. The increasing number indicates that the generated cracks are getting bigger and bigger, and the development trend of the cracks can be indicated according to the order of the generation of small dots.

需要说明的是,上述实施例中的多个指的是至少两个。It should be noted that a plurality in the above-mentioned embodiments refers to at least two.

从以上的描述中,可以看出,本发明上述的实施例实现了如下技术效果:From the above description, it can be seen that the above-mentioned embodiments of the present invention achieve the following technical effects:

1、解决了现有技术中的岩石力学试验机无法判定岩石裂缝产生的位置和时间节点,不能清楚观察到岩石内部裂缝形成的形态以及裂缝形成的趋势问题;1. Solve the problem that the rock mechanics testing machine in the prior art cannot determine the location and time node of rock cracks, and cannot clearly observe the formation of cracks in the rock and the trend of crack formation;

2、采用超声波检测岩石裂缝形成的形态以及裂缝形成的趋势,可精确判定岩石裂缝产生的位置和时间节点,清楚观察到岩石内部裂缝形成的形态以及裂缝形成的趋势;2. Using ultrasonic to detect the formation of rock fractures and the trend of fracture formation, it can accurately determine the location and time node of rock fractures, and clearly observe the formation of fractures in the rock and the formation trend of fractures;

3、采用了高温高压三轴压力加载的机械结构,使得实验过程具有三维立体化的可视效果,效果更直接,实验过程更清晰;3. The mechanical structure of high temperature and high pressure triaxial pressure loading is adopted, so that the experimental process has a three-dimensional visual effect, the effect is more direct, and the experimental process is clearer;

4、整体结构紧凑合理,使用操作简单方便。4. The overall structure is compact and reasonable, and the operation is simple and convenient.

显然,上述所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分的实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都应当属于本发明保护的范围。Obviously, the above-described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

需要注意的是,这里所使用的术语仅是为了描述具体实施方式,而非意图限制根据本申请的示例性实施方式。如在这里所使用的,除非上下文另外明确指出,否则单数形式也意图包括复数形式,此外,还应当理解的是,当在本说明书中使用术语“包含”和/或“包括”时,其指明存在特征、步骤、工作、器件、组件和/或它们的组合。It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only, and is not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, unless the context clearly dictates otherwise, the singular is intended to include the plural as well, furthermore, it is to be understood that when the terms "comprising" and/or "including" are used in this specification, it indicates that There are features, steps, acts, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof.

需要说明的是,本申请的说明书和权利要求书及上述附图中的术语“第一”、“第二”等是用于区别类似的对象,而不必用于描述特定的顺序或先后次序。应该理解这样使用的数据在适当情况下可以互换,以便这里描述的本申请的实施方式能够以除了在这里图示或描述的那些以外的顺序实施。It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the description and claims of the present application and the above drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific sequence or sequence. It is to be understood that data so used may be interchanged under appropriate circumstances so that the embodiments of the application described herein can be practiced in sequences other than those illustrated or described herein.

以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已,并不用于限制本发明,对于本领域的技术人员来说,本发明可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and changes. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a full diameter core fracturing makes seam evaluation appearance which characterized in that includes:
the device comprises a barrel (3), wherein the barrel (3) is provided with a containing cavity for containing a core sample (12);
the core base (10), the core base (10) is connected with the bottom of the barrel (3), and the core sample (12) is supported on the core base (10);
the pressing device extends into the containing cavity and can apply pressure to the core sample (12) from top to bottom, a fracturing fluid injection port (15) and a fracturing fluid extraction port (16) are respectively formed in the top end and the bottom end of the core sample (12), the fracturing fluid injection port (15) is used for injecting fracturing fluid, and when the injection pressure is larger than the fracture pressure of the core sample (12) per se, the core sample (12) cracks and the fracturing fluid can be discharged from the fracturing fluid extraction port (16);
the core sample detection device comprises a plurality of ultrasonic probes (11), wherein the ultrasonic probes (11) are arranged at the top end and the bottom end of the core sample (12), longitudinal and transverse waves can be excited by the ultrasonic probes (11), and the positions and the forms of the fracturing fractures can be detected through different propagation speeds of sound waves in different media and the time difference of the received sound waves.
2. The full-diameter core fracturing crack-making evaluation instrument according to claim 1, wherein the top end and the bottom end of the core sample (12) are respectively provided with an upper core plug (5) and a lower core plug (7), the upper core plug (5) is positioned between the pressure applying device and the core sample (12), the fracturing fluid injection port (15) is formed in the upper core plug (5), the lower core plug (7) is positioned between the core sample (12) and the core base (10), and the fracturing fluid extraction port (16) is formed in the lower core plug (7).
3. The full-diameter core fracturing crack-making evaluation instrument as claimed in claim 2, wherein the ultrasonic probes (11) are installed on the core upper plug (5) and the core lower plug (7), a plurality of ultrasonic probes (11) are arranged on the core upper plug (5) and the core lower plug (7), the ultrasonic probes (11) are electrically connected with the ultrasonic signal amplifier sequentially through the ultrasonic coaxial cable (6) and the coaxial wire harness sealing structure (9), and the ultrasonic signal amplifier is electrically connected with system software for generating a core crack form three-dimensional effect diagram.
4. The full-diameter core fracturing crack-making evaluator as claimed in claim 3, wherein the coaxial wire harness sealing structure (9) is embedded in the core base (10).
5. The full-diameter core fracturing crack-making evaluator according to claim 1, wherein the pressure applying device comprises an axial pressure chamber (1) and an axial piston (2), the axial pressure chamber (1) is installed at the top end of the cylinder (3), the axial piston (2) is installed in the axial pressure chamber (1) in a sliding manner, and the bottom end of the axial piston (2) extends into the cylinder (3) and can apply pressure to the core sample (12).
6. The full-diameter core fracturing crack-making evaluator according to claim 5, wherein a pressure applying hydraulic cylinder is connected to the top of the axial pressure chamber (1) for sealing between the barrel (3) and the core base (10).
7. The full-diameter core fracturing crack evaluator of claim 1, further comprising an axial cap (4) and/or a core block (8) with different thicknesses, wherein the axial cap (4) is used for being mounted on the top of the core sample (12), and the core block (8) is used for being arranged on the bottom of the core sample (12).
8. The full-diameter core fracturing crack-making evaluator of claim 1, wherein the full-diameter core fracturing crack-making evaluator further comprises a rubber sleeve (13), and the rubber sleeve (13) is sleeved outside the core sample (12) and is used for isolating fluid media of confining pressure and pore pressure.
9. The full-diameter core fracturing crack evaluator of claim 1, further comprising a pad (14), wherein the pad (14) is disposed at the bottom of the core base (10).
10. The full-diameter core fracturing fracture-making evaluator of claim 1, wherein the fracturing fluid injection port (15) is connected to an injection pump, and the injection pump is used for injecting fracturing fluid into the core sample (12) in a constant pressure manner.
CN202110171489.9A 2021-02-08 2021-02-08 Full Diameter Core Fracturing and Fracture Evaluator Pending CN114910358A (en)

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