CN114907096A - Process for preparing cup - Google Patents
Process for preparing cup Download PDFInfo
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- CN114907096A CN114907096A CN202210647814.9A CN202210647814A CN114907096A CN 114907096 A CN114907096 A CN 114907096A CN 202210647814 A CN202210647814 A CN 202210647814A CN 114907096 A CN114907096 A CN 114907096A
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- glaze
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 229940036811 bone meal Drugs 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002374 bone meal Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910001710 laterite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011504 laterite Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000015895 biscuits Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010433 feldspar Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940072033 potash Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000015320 potassium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000283690 Bos taurus Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- DLHONNLASJQAHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;potassium;oxygen(2-);silicon(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Si+4].[Si+4].[Si+4].[K+] DLHONNLASJQAHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003760 tallow Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 240000001432 Calendula officinalis Species 0.000 description 12
- AJBZENLMTKDAEK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3a,5a,5b,8,8,11a-hexamethyl-1-prop-1-en-2-yl-1,2,3,4,5,6,7,7a,9,10,11,11b,12,13,13a,13b-hexadecahydrocyclopenta[a]chrysene-4,9-diol Chemical compound CC12CCC(O)C(C)(C)C1CCC(C1(C)CC3O)(C)C2CCC1C1C3(C)CCC1C(=C)C AJBZENLMTKDAEK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 235000003880 Calendula Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 235000005881 Calendula officinalis Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 244000082204 Phyllostachys viridis Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000283707 Capra Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000283973 Oryctolagus cuniculus Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000269722 Thea sinensis Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005587 bubbling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010977 jade Substances 0.000 description 1
- VIKNJXKGJWUCNN-XGXHKTLJSA-N norethisterone Chemical compound O=C1CC[C@@H]2[C@H]3CC[C@](C)([C@](CC4)(O)C#C)[C@@H]4[C@@H]3CCC2=C1 VIKNJXKGJWUCNN-XGXHKTLJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052573 porcelain Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/04—Clay; Kaolin
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C8/00—Enamels; Glazes; Fusion seal compositions being frit compositions having non-frit additions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/32—Burning methods
- C04B33/34—Burning methods combined with glazing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
- C04B41/52—Multiple coating or impregnating multiple coating or impregnating with the same composition or with compositions only differing in the concentration of the constituents, is classified as single coating or impregnation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/80—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone of only ceramics
- C04B41/81—Coating or impregnation
- C04B41/89—Coating or impregnation for obtaining at least two superposed coatings having different compositions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/65—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes
- C04B2235/656—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes characterised by specific heating conditions during heat treatment
- C04B2235/6562—Heating rate
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/65—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes
- C04B2235/656—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes characterised by specific heating conditions during heat treatment
- C04B2235/6567—Treatment time
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/60—Production of ceramic materials or ceramic elements, e.g. substitution of clay or shale by alternative raw materials, e.g. ashes
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation process of Jianzhan, which comprises the following steps: preparing a blank body and glaze slip, wherein the glaze slip comprises first glaze slip and second glaze slip; glazing the first glaze slip, not glazing the bottom of the blank body, glazing other parts, and drying; applying the second glaze slip, repeating the glazing position of the first glaze slip, and airing; and (4) putting the glazed and dried green body into an electric kiln for roasting. The cup is made by firing, the glaze surface is mainly the superposition of two speckles, one is the milky white speckles like the mutton tallow, the other is the black core golden speckles, the two speckles are overlapped and fused and flow to form a picture, the glaze surface is concave and convex, has strong stereoscopic impression like the overlapping of peaks and has excellent artistic and collection values.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of porcelain, in particular to a preparation process of a cup for building.
Background
The built cup is famous at the sea and the outside, contains historical and traditional cultural features, and can be used as cultural products and artistic collections. The main types of the built calendula are rabbit milli calendula and oil calendula, and the currently reported method for preparing the built calendula has the following limitations: firstly, the firing difficulty of the built cup is high, the firing process is difficult to master, and improper process selection often causes many defects, such as bubbling, deformation, blank cracking, glaze bottom sticking, plaque occurrence, a large number of glaze pinholes and the like, and the yield is low, so that the artistic, collection and economic values of the built cup are reduced; secondly, the glaze of the building cup has common color and low innovation.
Therefore, there is a need in the art to develop a process for preparing tea with beautiful and novel appearance and stable process.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a preparation process of the built calendula, the preparation process is stable, the prepared glazed surface of the built calendula is beautiful and novel, and the artistic and collection values are high.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the preparation process of Jianzhan includes the following steps:
(1) preparing a green body and a glaze slip, wherein,
the blank is prepared by the following method: mixing 5-5.5 parts by weight of laterite and 4.5-5 parts by weight of kaolin to obtain blank soil, crushing and elutriating the blank soil, sieving the blank soil by a sieve of 80-100 meshes, and performing filter pressing, mud refining and staleness to obtain blank mud; performing throwing forming, trimming, biscuit firing and cooling on the blank mud to obtain a blank body;
the glaze slip comprises a first glaze slip and a second glaze slip;
the first glaze slip is prepared by the following method: weighing 1600 parts by weight of 1500-containing sand glaze, 500 parts by weight of 400-containing sand plant ash, 600 parts by weight of 500-containing sand plant ash, 48-53 parts by weight of bone meal, 67-72 parts by weight of titanium oxide and 60-70 parts by weight of iron oxide red, adding 1.15-1.25 parts by weight of water, adding the mixture into a ball mill for grinding, and sieving the mixture by a sieve of 90-110 meshes to obtain glaze slurry;
the second glaze slip is prepared by the following method: weighing 1600 parts by weight of 1500-containing sand glaze, 400 parts by weight of 300-containing sand plant ash, 600 parts by weight of 500-containing sand stone, 350 parts by weight of 250-containing sand stone, 68-75 parts by weight of titanium oxide and 530 parts by weight of 480-containing sand clay, adding 1.15-1.25 parts by weight of water, adding the mixture into a ball mill for grinding, and sieving the mixture through a sieve with 90-110 meshes to obtain glaze slurry;
(2) glazing: first glaze slip is applied, the bottom of the blank body is not glazed, other parts are glazed, the glazing thickness is 0.9-1mm, and the blank body is dried; applying the second glaze slip, repeating the position of the first glaze slip for glazing with the glazing thickness of 0.7-0.8mm, and drying;
(3) putting the glazed and dried green body into an electric kiln for roasting, wherein the roasting is carried out by the following stages:
the first stage is as follows: the temperature of the kiln is increased from normal temperature to 160 ℃ at constant speed after 1.4-1.6 h; the temperature of the kiln is raised from 160 ℃ at 140-; the temperature of the kiln is raised from 495-plus-510 ℃ to 880-plus-910 ℃ at constant speed for 2.8-3.1 h; the temperature of the kiln is raised from 880-910 ℃ to 1050-1100 ℃ at constant speed after 3.9-4.1 h; the temperature of the kiln is raised from 1050-5 ℃ to 1285-1295 ℃ at a constant speed after 2.3-2.5 h; the temperature of the kiln is increased from 1285-1295 ℃ to 1305-1315 ℃ at a constant speed for 14-16 min;
and a second stage: 1305-;
and a third stage: and after the heat preservation is finished, powering off, keeping the temperature of the kiln for 0.45-0.55h when the temperature of the kiln is reduced to 1240 and 1260 ℃, and after the heat preservation is finished, powering off, stopping the furnace and reducing the temperature until the furnace is taken out.
Typically, the preparation process of jian calendula comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a green body and a glaze slip, wherein,
the green body is prepared by the following method: mixing 5.2 parts by weight of laterite and 4.8 parts by weight of kaolin to obtain blank soil, crushing and elutriating the blank soil, sieving the blank soil by a 90-mesh sieve, and performing filter pressing, mud refining and staleness to obtain blank mud; performing throwing forming, trimming, biscuit firing and cooling on the blank mud to obtain a blank body;
the glaze slip comprises a first glaze slip and a second glaze slip;
the first glaze slip is prepared by the following method: weighing 1550 parts by weight of glaze stone, 450 parts by weight of plant ash, 550 parts by weight of potash feldspar, 50 parts by weight of bone meal, 70 parts by weight of titanium oxide and 65 parts by weight of iron oxide red, adding 1.2 times of water by weight, adding into a ball mill, grinding, and sieving with a 100-mesh sieve to obtain glaze slurry;
the second glaze slip is prepared by the following method: weighing 1550 parts by weight of glaze stone, 350 parts by weight of plant ash, 550 parts by weight of potash feldspar, 300 parts by weight of limestone, 70 parts by weight of titanium oxide, 500 parts by weight of kaolin and 1.2 times of water by weight, adding the mixture into a ball mill, grinding the mixture, and sieving the ground mixture through a 100-mesh sieve to obtain glaze slurry;
(2) glazing: first glaze slip is applied, the bottom of the blank body is not glazed, other parts are glazed, the glazing thickness is 0.9-1mm, and the blank body is dried; applying the second glaze slip, repeating the glazing position of the first glaze slip, and airing, wherein the glazing thickness is 0.7-0.8 mm;
(3) putting the glazed and dried green body into an electric kiln for roasting, wherein the roasting is carried out by the following stages:
the first stage is as follows: the temperature of the kiln is raised from normal temperature to 150 ℃ at a constant speed after 1.5 h; the temperature of the kiln is raised from 150 ℃ to 500 ℃ at a constant speed for 2.5 h; the temperature of the kiln is increased from 500 ℃ to 900 ℃ at a constant speed for 3 h; the temperature of the kiln is raised from 900 ℃ to 1100 ℃ at a constant speed for 4 h; the temperature of the kiln is raised from 1100 ℃ to 1290 ℃ at a constant speed after 2.5 h; the temperature of the kiln is uniformly increased from 1290 ℃ to 1310 ℃ after 15 min;
and a second stage: maintaining the temperature at 1310 ℃ for 15min, and feeding 350g of firewood when the temperature is maintained for 3min, wherein the feeding amount of the firewood is every 0.2 cubic meter of kiln space;
and a third stage: and (3) powering off after the heat preservation is finished, powering on the kiln and preserving heat for 0.5h when the temperature of the kiln is reduced to 1250 ℃, and powering off, stopping the furnace and reducing the temperature until the kiln is taken out after the heat preservation is finished.
Further, the red clay and kaolin are obtained from Jizhen city of south Tokyo, Fujian province, and the glaze is obtained from Nanlincun city of south Tokyo, Fujian province.
Further, the preparation method of the plant ash comprises the following steps: mixing and burning 10-12 parts by weight of dried oak and 1 part by weight of bamboo to obtain powdery ash, and sieving the ash with a 70-80-mesh sieve.
Further, the bone meal is bovine bone meal.
After the technical scheme is adopted, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the cup is made by firing, the glaze surface is mainly the superposition of two speckles, one is the milky white speckles like the mutton tallow, the other is the black core golden speckles, the two speckles are overlapped and fused and flow to form a picture, the glaze surface is concave and convex, has strong stereoscopic impression like the overlapping of peaks and has excellent artistic and collection values.
2. The invention has the advantages of clear process flow, simple firing process, easy control, few defects and good stability.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a photograph (extramural) of cup according to example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a photograph (in-cup) of an embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a photograph (perspective view) showing an example of a cup obtained in example 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
In the invention, all parts and percentages are weight units, and all equipment, raw materials and the like can be purchased from the market or are commonly used in the industry, if not specified. The methods in the following examples are conventional in the art unless otherwise specified.
Example 1
The preparation process of the Jianzhan comprises the following steps:
the preparation process of Jianzhan includes the following steps:
(1) preparing a green body and a glaze slip, wherein,
the green body is prepared by the following method: mixing 5.2 parts by weight of laterite and 4.8 parts by weight of kaolin to obtain blank soil, crushing and elutriating the blank soil, sieving the blank soil by a 90-mesh sieve, and performing filter pressing, mud refining and staleness to obtain blank mud; performing throwing forming, trimming, biscuit firing and cooling on the blank mud to obtain a blank body;
the glaze slip comprises a first glaze slip and a second glaze slip;
the first glaze slip is prepared by the following method: weighing 1550 parts by weight of glaze stone, 450 parts by weight of plant ash, 550 parts by weight of potassium feldspar, 50 parts by weight of bone meal, 70 parts by weight of titanium oxide and 65 parts by weight of iron oxide red, adding 1.2 times of water by weight, adding into a ball mill, grinding, and sieving with a 100-mesh sieve to obtain glaze slurry;
the second glaze slip is prepared by the following method: weighing 1550 parts by weight of glaze stone, 350 parts by weight of plant ash, 550 parts by weight of potash feldspar, 300 parts by weight of limestone, 70 parts by weight of titanium oxide, 500 parts by weight of kaolin and 1.2 times of water by weight, adding the mixture into a ball mill, grinding the mixture, and sieving the ground mixture through a 100-mesh sieve to obtain glaze slurry;
the laterite and kaolin are obtained from the Shuijing town of Jianyang district in Nanping City of Fujian province, and the glaze stone is obtained from the Nanlincun of Jianyang district in Nanping City of Fujian province.
The preparation method of the plant ash comprises the following steps: mixing and burning 11 parts by weight of sun-dried oak and 1 part by weight of bamboo to obtain powdery ash, and sieving the ash with a 70-mesh sieve.
The bone meal is bovine bone meal.
(2) Glazing: first glaze slip is applied, the bottom of the blank body is not glazed, other parts are glazed, the glazing thickness is 0.9-1mm, and the blank body is dried; applying the second glaze slip, repeating the position of the first glaze slip for glazing with the glazing thickness of 0.7-0.8mm, and drying;
(3) putting the glazed and dried green body into an electric kiln for roasting, wherein the roasting is carried out by the following stages:
the first stage is as follows: the temperature of the kiln is raised from normal temperature to 150 ℃ at a constant speed after 1.5 h; the temperature of the kiln is raised from 150 ℃ to 500 ℃ at a constant speed for 2.5 h; the temperature of the kiln is increased from 500 ℃ to 900 ℃ at a constant speed for 3 h; the temperature of the kiln is raised from 900 ℃ to 1100 ℃ at a constant speed for 4 h; the temperature of the kiln is raised from 1100 ℃ to 1290 ℃ at a constant speed after 2.5 h; the temperature of the kiln is uniformly increased from 1290 ℃ to 1310 ℃ after 15 min;
and a second stage: maintaining the temperature at 1310 ℃ for 15min, and feeding 350g of firewood when the temperature is maintained for 3min, wherein the feeding amount of the firewood is every 0.2 cubic meter of kiln space;
and a third stage: and (3) powering off after the heat preservation is finished, powering on the kiln and preserving heat for 0.5h when the temperature of the kiln is reduced to 1250 ℃, and powering off, stopping the furnace and reducing the temperature until the kiln is taken out after the heat preservation is finished.
In the embodiment, a kiln with the furnace inner space of 0.2 cubic meter is adopted for firing.
The diesel oil of the invention can be violently burnt at high temperature. The firewood for feeding is fed from a firewood feeding port of the kiln door, the firewood feeding port is opened only when the firewood is fed, and the firewood is closed at other times. The diameter of the orifice of the diesel oil feeding port is 10-15 cm.
Referring to fig. 1, 2 and 3, the glaze of the building cup obtained by firing in this embodiment is mainly formed by the superposition of two kinds of speckles, one is a milky-white speckle like an elaeage, and the other is a black core golden speckle, the two kinds of speckles are overlapped and fused to form a flowing picture, the glaze is concave and convex, has strong stereoscopic impression, is like the overlapping of peaks and mountains, is endless, and has excellent artistic and collection values.
Examples 2 and 3
The cup is very sensitive to the preparation process parameters, and the small range change of the process parameters can cause great adverse effect on the characteristics of the cup, such as the appearance and the like of the final product, even cause the cup to fail in preparation, so the requirement of the cup on the preparation process is very strict. The embodiment 2 and the embodiment 3 are used for preparing the constructive marigold according to the preparation process same as the embodiment 1, the characteristics of the constructive marigold prepared by the embodiment 2 and the embodiment 3 are basically the same as the constructive marigold prepared by the embodiment 1, and the result shows that the constructive marigold prepared by the preparation process of the embodiment 1 has high yield, and the method has good repeatability, strong stability and easy scale production.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example differs from example 1 in that:
only the first glaze slip is prepared, the second glaze slip is not prepared, and the first glaze slip is applied twice during glazing.
The cup obtained by the comparative example has the glaze of oil drop stripes and no goat lipid-like jade milky white stripes and black core golden stripes.
Comparative example 2
The comparative example differs from example 1 in that:
the third stage of step (3): and after the heat preservation is finished, the power is cut off, and the temperature is reduced to be discharged from the kiln.
The cup obtained by the comparative example has round or oval glaze speckles and weak flowing sense.
Comparative example 3
This comparative example differs from example 1 in that:
the first stage of step (3): the temperature of the kiln is raised from normal temperature to 150 ℃ at a constant speed after 1.5 h; the temperature of the kiln is raised from 150 ℃ to 500 ℃ at a constant speed after 2.5 h; the temperature of the kiln is increased from 500 ℃ to 900 ℃ at a constant speed for 3 h; the temperature of the kiln is raised from 900 ℃ to 1100 ℃ at a constant speed for 4 h; the temperature of the kiln is raised from 1100 ℃ to 1290 ℃ at a constant speed after 2.5 h; the temperature of the kiln is increased from 1290 ℃ to 1310 ℃ at a constant speed for 30 min;
the cup obtained by the comparison example has regular boundaries of two stripes on the glaze surface and weak flowing sense.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are also included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (5)
1. The preparation process of the Jianzhan is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a green body and a glaze slip, wherein,
the green body is prepared by the following method: mixing 5-5.5 parts by weight of laterite and 4.5-5 parts by weight of kaolin to obtain blank soil, crushing and elutriating the blank soil, sieving the blank soil by a sieve of 80-100 meshes, and performing filter pressing, mud refining and staleness to obtain blank mud; performing throwing forming, trimming, biscuit firing and cooling on the blank mud to obtain a blank body;
the glaze slip comprises a first glaze slip and a second glaze slip;
the first glaze slip is prepared by the following method: weighing 1500-1600 parts by weight of glaze, 400-500 parts by weight of plant ash, 500-600 parts by weight of potassium feldspar, 48-53 parts by weight of bone meal, 67-72 parts by weight of titanium oxide and 60-70 parts by weight of iron oxide, adding 1.15-1.25 weight of water, adding into a ball mill, grinding, and sieving with a 90-110-mesh sieve to obtain glaze slurry;
the second glaze slip is prepared by the following method: weighing 1600 parts by weight of 1500-containing sand glaze, 400 parts by weight of 300-containing sand plant ash, 600 parts by weight of 500-containing sand stone, 350 parts by weight of 250-containing sand stone, 68-75 parts by weight of titanium oxide and 530 parts by weight of 480-containing sand clay, adding 1.15-1.25 parts by weight of water, adding the mixture into a ball mill for grinding, and sieving the mixture through a sieve with 90-110 meshes to obtain glaze slurry;
(2) glazing: first glaze slip is applied, the bottom of the blank body is not glazed, other parts are glazed, the glazing thickness is 0.9-1mm, and the blank body is dried; applying the second glaze slip, repeating the position of the first glaze slip for glazing with the glazing thickness of 0.7-0.8mm, and drying;
(3) putting the glazed and dried green body into an electric kiln for roasting, wherein the roasting is carried out by the following stages:
the first stage is as follows: the temperature of the kiln is increased from normal temperature to 160 ℃ at constant speed after 1.4-1.6 h; the temperature of the kiln is raised from 160 ℃ at 140-; the temperature of the kiln is raised from 495-plus-510 ℃ to 880-plus-910 ℃ at constant speed for 2.8-3.1 h; the temperature of the kiln is raised from 880-plus-one temperature of 910 ℃ to 1050-plus-one temperature of 1100 ℃ at a constant speed within 3.9-4.1 h; the temperature of the kiln is raised from 1050-5 ℃ to 1285-1295 ℃ at a constant speed after 2.3-2.5 h; the temperature of the kiln is increased from 1285-1295 ℃ to 1305-1315 ℃ at a constant speed for 14-16 min;
and a second stage: 1305-;
and a third stage: and after the heat preservation is finished, powering off, keeping the temperature of the kiln for 0.45-0.55h when the temperature of the kiln is reduced to 1240 and 1260 ℃, and after the heat preservation is finished, powering off, stopping the furnace and reducing the temperature until the furnace is taken out.
2. The process of claim 1, wherein: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a green body and a glaze slip, wherein,
the green body is prepared by the following method: mixing 5.2 parts by weight of laterite and 4.8 parts by weight of kaolin to obtain blank soil, crushing and elutriating the blank soil, sieving the blank soil by a 90-mesh sieve, and performing filter pressing, mud refining and staleness to obtain blank mud; performing throwing forming, trimming, biscuit firing and cooling on the blank mud to obtain a blank body;
the glaze slip comprises a first glaze slip and a second glaze slip;
the first glaze slip is prepared by the following method: weighing 1550 parts by weight of glaze stone, 450 parts by weight of plant ash, 550 parts by weight of potassium feldspar, 50 parts by weight of bone meal, 70 parts by weight of titanium oxide and 65 parts by weight of iron oxide red, adding 1.2 times of water by weight, adding into a ball mill, grinding, and sieving with a 100-mesh sieve to obtain glaze slurry;
the second glaze slip is prepared by the following method: weighing 1550 parts by weight of glaze stone, 350 parts by weight of plant ash, 550 parts by weight of potash feldspar, 300 parts by weight of limestone, 70 parts by weight of titanium oxide, 500 parts by weight of kaolin and 1.2 times of water by weight, adding the mixture into a ball mill, grinding the mixture, and sieving the ground mixture through a 100-mesh sieve to obtain glaze slurry;
(2) glazing: first glaze slip is applied, the bottom of the blank body is not glazed, other parts are glazed, the glazing thickness is 0.9-1mm, and the blank body is dried; applying the second glaze slip, repeating the glazing position of the first glaze slip, and airing, wherein the glazing thickness is 0.7-0.8 mm;
(3) putting the glazed and dried green body into an electric kiln for roasting, wherein the roasting is carried out by the following stages:
the first stage is as follows: the temperature of the kiln is raised from normal temperature to 150 ℃ at a constant speed after 1.5 h; the temperature of the kiln is raised from 150 ℃ to 500 ℃ at a constant speed for 2.5 h; the temperature of the kiln is increased from 500 ℃ to 900 ℃ at a constant speed for 3 h; the temperature of the kiln is raised from 900 ℃ to 1100 ℃ at a constant speed for 4 h; the temperature of the kiln is raised from 1100 ℃ to 1290 ℃ at a constant speed after 2.5 h; the temperature of the kiln is uniformly increased from 1290 ℃ to 1310 ℃ after 15 min;
and a second stage: maintaining the temperature at 1310 ℃ for 15min, and feeding 350g of firewood when the temperature is maintained for 3min, wherein the feeding amount of the firewood is every 0.2 cubic meter of kiln space;
and a third stage: and (3) powering off after the heat preservation is finished, powering on the kiln and preserving heat for 0.5h when the temperature of the kiln is reduced to 1250 ℃, and powering off, stopping the furnace and reducing the temperature until the kiln is taken out after the heat preservation is finished.
3. A process for the preparation of cup according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the laterite and kaolin are obtained from the Shuijing town of Jianyang district in Nanping City of Fujian province, and the glaze stone is obtained from the Nanlincun of Jianyang district in Nanping City of Fujian province.
4. The process of claim 3, wherein: the preparation method of the plant ash comprises the following steps: mixing dried oak 10-12 weight parts and bamboo 1 weight part, burning to obtain powdered ash, and sieving with 70-80 mesh sieve.
5. The process of claim 3, wherein: the bone meal is bovine bone meal.
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