CN112142442A

CN112142442A - Firing process of colorful gold oil drop building cup

Info

Publication number: CN112142442A
Application number: CN202010927948.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 卢毅; 李细妹
Original assignee: Fujian Kaiheyao Jianzhan Culture Development Co Ltd
Current assignee: Fujian Kaiheyao Jianzhan Culture Development Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-09-07
Filing date: 2020-09-07
Publication date: 2020-12-29

Abstract

The invention discloses a firing process of a colorful gold oil drop building cup, which comprises the following steps: preparing a blank body, main body glaze slip and edge glaze slip, applying the edge glaze slip at the edge of the blank body, pre-burning, applying the main body glaze slip on the pre-burned blank body, putting the glazed and air-dried blank body into an electric kiln for roasting, cooling and discharging. The sintered colorful gold oil drop cup has the advantages that the glaze surface simultaneously generates oil drop stripes and hair, the traditional oil drop and rabbit hair are broken through, different stripe effects are presented, meanwhile, part of the oil drop is in a semi-crystalline state (part is in a transparent state), and the colorful gold oil drop cup has the beauty of mirabilitum. The glaze surface is a color mainly comprising purple gold and silver blue, and the color saturation is high.

Description

Firing process of colorful gold oil drop building cup

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of porcelain, in particular to a firing process of colorful gold oil drops.

Background

The black glazed porcelain is a fantastic flower in the history of Chinese ceramics and is famous at the sea and in the foreign countries. The cup is a typical representative of black glazed porcelain, the glory phenomenon of the cup is natural and antique, and the stripes of the cup have obvious stereoscopic impression and layering sense. The cup is aimed to have a naturally formed artistic effect, and the glaze color pattern of the cup is not artificially drawn but formed under a strict formula process, a firing temperature curve and a special firing atmosphere, and the three are all absent. The artistic effect formed by the building cup has no feeling of being carved by people at all, and is completely the display of the intrinsic aesthetic feeling of the product.

At present, the main kinds of cup built are rabbit hair cup and oil cup, and the innovation degree of the glaze color is low. In addition, in the firing process of building cup, the firing difficulty is very high, it is often difficult to master and control the formula, firing atmosphere and temperature curve, and the following defects are often generated: cracking of blank, adhesion of glaze to bottom, bubbles, glaze jump, no display or unclear crystal pattern, dark pattern and the like, and the yield is very low (generally 20-50%).

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a firing process of a golden oil drop cup, which has clear process flow, can prepare a novel and unique golden oil drop cup, and has higher yield.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

the firing process of the color gold oil drop comprises the following steps:

(1) preparing a blank body: mixing 2-3 parts by weight of laterite and 7-8 parts by weight of kaolin, adding water for elutriation, and sieving with a 100-mesh 110-mesh sieve to obtain slurry; the mud is aged, filter-pressed and refined to obtain pug; the pug is subjected to blank drawing, forming, air drying, blank trimming and biscuit firing to obtain a blank body;

(2) grinding the glaze ore by adding water, sieving with a 80-90 mesh sieve, precipitating, and air drying for later use;

elutriating plant ash, sieving with 80-90 mesh sieve, precipitating, and air drying;

thus, impurities can be removed, and the glaze slip is more exquisite;

(3) preparing main body glaze slip: taking 40-45 parts of glaze ore, 18-20 parts of potassium feldspar and 25-28 parts of plant ash by weight, mixing, adding into a ball mill, and then mixing materials, water and grinding balls according to a weight ratio of 1:1, adding water and grinding balls, grinding for 4.5-5h, and sieving with a 80-90 mesh sieve to obtain main body glaze slip;

(4) preparing edge glaze slip: mixing 40-45 parts of glaze ore, 18-20 parts of potash feldspar, 25-28 parts of plant ash and 10-12 parts of quartz, adding into a ball mill, and mixing the materials, water and grinding balls in a weight ratio of 1:1, adding water and grinding balls, grinding for 4.5-5h, and sieving with a 80-90 mesh sieve to obtain the edge glaze slurry;

the addition of quartz in the edge glaze slip can reduce the fluidity of the edge glaze slip.

Wherein the laterite and kaolin are both taken from the Jizhen city of south China of Fujian province, and the glaze ore is taken from the Nanlincun city of south China of Fujian province;

(5) applying the edge glaze slip at the edge of the blank body, wherein the glazing thickness of the edge glaze slip is 0.3-0.5mm, and drying; putting the green body into an electric kiln for pre-sintering;

the opening edge glaze slurry and the blank body are combined into a whole through pre-burning, so that when the main body glaze slurry is applied again, the opening edge is not too thick, and glaze is easy to jump if the opening edge glaze slurry is too thick;

(6) applying the main body glaze slip to the pre-sintered blank body, wherein the outer bottom of the blank body is not glazed, and other parts are glazed and dried; the glazing thickness of the main body glaze slip is 0.6-0.8 mm;

(7) putting the glazed and dried green body into an electric kiln for roasting, wherein the roasting is carried out by the following stages:

the first stage is as follows: after the furnace temperature is 5.5-6h, the temperature is raised from the normal temperature to 1000 ℃ at a constant speed, and the temperature is kept at the 1000 ℃ for 0.5h (the constant temperature is favorable for the temperature in the furnace to be uniform at the moment); the furnace temperature is increased to 1200 ℃ from 1000 ℃ at a constant speed for 2.5 h; the furnace temperature is increased from 1200 ℃ to 1300 ℃ at a constant speed for 2.5 h;

and a second stage: keeping the temperature of 1300 ℃ for 45min, then throwing the first diesel oil under the heat preservation state, throwing the second diesel oil at intervals of 6min, throwing the third diesel oil at intervals of 6min, throwing the fourth diesel oil at intervals of 5min, throwing the fifth diesel oil at intervals of 3min, and throwing the sixth diesel oil at intervals of 3 min; the dosage of the firewood used in the first three times is 60-65g per 0.12 cubic meter of kiln space; the consumption of the later three times of firewood is 75-80g per 0.12 cubic meter of kiln space; after the last diesel is thrown, keeping the temperature of 1300 ℃ for 1 h;

in the stage, the firewood is fed in the middle stage of heat preservation, the interval time of the previous three times of firewood feeding is longer, the quantity of the firewood is less, the reducing atmosphere in the kiln is stably reached, and the iron element on the glaze surface is migrated and aggregated into larger oil drops; the interval time of the last three times of diesel oil feeding is short, the diesel oil amount is large, part of oil drops flow into a thread shape or a hair shape, the temperature is kept continuously after the last time of diesel oil feeding is finished, and the generation of thread-shaped or hair-shaped crystals is further increased.

And a third stage: after the heat preservation is finished, the furnace is cut off, the furnace is stopped, the firewood is thrown when the furnace temperature is reduced to 1100 ℃, the firewood is thrown once every 8min, the throwing time is 5 times totally, and the consumption of the firewood is 50-55g per 0.12 cubic meter of furnace space;

at this stage, the oil drop streaks produce a color mainly including purple and silver blue.

A fourth stage: the furnace temperature is continuously reduced to 1030 ℃, the furnace door of the kiln is opened to the maximum, the temperature is rapidly reduced, the blank body absorbs oxygen, the glaze is better vitrified, meanwhile, part of oil drops of the glaze are dispersed into a milliform, different stripe effects are further increased, and the furnace door of the kiln is closed after 8 min;

the fifth stage: when the furnace temperature is reduced to 700 ℃, the kiln is electrified, the furnace temperature is uniformly increased to 1100 ℃ after 3 hours, the furnace is shut down after power failure, after 5mm, the furnace door of the kiln is opened to the maximum, and after 5min, the furnace door of the kiln is closed, so that the color saturation is increased, and meanwhile, part of oil drops are in a semi-crystalline state, which is the beauty of floating grains; and naturally cooling and discharging.

Further, in the step (6), the pre-sintering is that the temperature of the kiln is raised to 1000 ℃ at a constant speed after 5-5.5h, and the kiln is shut down and cooled.

Further, in the step (5), the glazing range of the mouth edge glaze slip is a blank body which is 3-5mm downward from the mouth edge.

Further, the preparation method of the plant ash comprises the following steps: mixing and burning 1-1.5 parts of moso bamboo and 15-18 parts of grapefruit tree to obtain ash.

Further, the biscuit firing is that the furnace temperature is heated to 800 ℃ after 5-6h, and the furnace is stopped for cooling.

The firewood of the invention, also called pine root and pine root, is rich in turpentine and can be burnt violently at high temperature. The firewood for feeding is fed from a kiln hole of the kiln door, the kiln hole is opened only when the firewood for feeding is fed, and the firewood for feeding is closed at other times. The diameter of the opening of the kiln hole is 10-15 cm.

After the technical scheme is adopted, the invention has the following advantages:

1. the sintered colorful gold oil drop cup has the advantages that the glaze surface simultaneously generates oil drop stripes and hair, the traditional oil drop and rabbit hair are broken through, different stripe effects are presented, meanwhile, part of the oil drop is in a semi-crystalline state (part is in a transparent state), and the colorful gold oil drop cup has the beauty of mirabilitum. The glaze surface is a color mainly comprising purple gold and silver blue, and the color saturation is high.

2. The edge glaze slurry and the blank body are combined into a whole after pre-burning, and glaze jumping is not easy when main body glaze slurry is applied. The addition of quartz in the edge glaze slip can reduce the fluidity of the edge glaze slip. The glaze at the edge of the cup opening obtained by firing is full, fine and moist, and the problem of dry mouth is solved.

3. The invention has clear process flows such as formula, firing atmosphere, temperature curve and the like, is easy to control, has good stability and higher yield.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a photograph showing an example of a cup obtained in example 1.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

Example 1

The firing process of the color gold oil drop comprises the following steps:

(1) preparing a blank body: mixing 3 parts by weight of laterite and 7 parts by weight of kaolin, adding water for elutriation, and sieving by using a 100-mesh sieve to obtain slurry; the mud is aged, filter-pressed and refined to obtain pug; the pug is subjected to blank drawing, forming, air drying, blank trimming and biscuit firing to obtain a blank body;

the biscuit firing is to heat the furnace temperature to 800 ℃ after 6 hours, and then the furnace is stopped for cooling.

(2) Grinding the glaze ore by adding water, sieving with a 80-mesh sieve, precipitating, and air drying for later use;

elutriating plant ash, sieving with 80 mesh sieve, precipitating, and air drying; the preparation method of the plant ash comprises the following steps: mixing and burning 1.2 parts by weight of moso bamboo and 16 parts by weight of grapefruit tree to obtain ash.

(3) Preparing main body glaze slip: mixing 43 parts of glaze ore, 20 parts of potassium feldspar and 28 parts of plant ash, adding into a ball mill, and mixing the materials, water and grinding balls in a weight ratio of 1:1, adding water and grinding balls, grinding for 5 hours, and sieving by a sieve of 80 meshes to obtain main body glaze slurry;

(4) preparing edge glaze slip: mixing 43 parts of glaze ore, 20 parts of potassium feldspar, 28 parts of plant ash and 11 parts of quartz, adding into a ball mill, and mixing materials, water and grinding balls according to a weight ratio of 1:1, adding water and a grinding ball, grinding for 5 hours, and sieving by a sieve of 80 meshes to obtain the edge glaze slurry;

(5) the edge glaze slurry is firstly applied to the edge of the blank body, the glazing thickness of the edge glaze slurry is 0.3-0.5mm, and the glazing range of the edge glaze slurry is 3-5mm downward from the edge of the blank body; drying, and putting the blank body into an electric kiln for presintering;

the pre-sintering is that the temperature of the kiln is raised to 1000 ℃ at a constant speed after 5 hours, and the kiln is shut down and cooled.

the first stage is as follows: after 6 hours, raising the temperature from normal temperature to 1000 ℃ at a constant speed, and keeping the temperature at 1000 ℃ for 0.5 hour; the furnace temperature is increased to 1200 ℃ from 1000 ℃ at a constant speed for 2.5 h; the furnace temperature is increased from 1200 ℃ to 1300 ℃ at a constant speed for 2.5 h;

and a second stage: keeping the temperature of 1300 ℃ for 45min, then throwing the first diesel oil under the heat preservation state, throwing the second diesel oil at intervals of 6min, throwing the third diesel oil at intervals of 6min, throwing the fourth diesel oil at intervals of 5min, throwing the fifth diesel oil at intervals of 3min, and throwing the sixth diesel oil at intervals of 3 min; the dosage of the firewood used in the first three times is 62g in each 0.12 cubic meter of kiln space; the consumption of the later three times of firewood is 80g per 0.12 cubic meter of kiln space; after the last diesel is thrown, keeping the temperature of 1300 ℃ for 1 h;

and a third stage: after the heat preservation is finished, the furnace is cut off, the furnace is stopped, the firewood is thrown when the furnace temperature is reduced to 1100 ℃, the firewood is thrown once every 8min, the throwing time is 5 times totally, and the consumption of the firewood is 50g in each 0.12 cubic meter of furnace space;

a fourth stage: continuously reducing the furnace temperature to 1030 ℃, opening the furnace door to the maximum, and closing the furnace door after 8 min;

the fifth stage: and when the furnace temperature is reduced to 700 ℃, electrifying the furnace, uniformly increasing the furnace temperature to 1100 ℃ after 3 hours, cutting off the power, stopping the furnace, opening the furnace door to the maximum after 5mm, closing the furnace door after 5min, naturally cooling, and discharging.

Example 2

The firing process of the color gold oil drop comprises the following steps:

(1) preparing a blank body: mixing 2 parts by weight of laterite and 8 parts by weight of kaolin, adding water for elutriation, and sieving by a 100-mesh sieve to obtain slurry; the mud is aged, filter-pressed and refined to obtain pug; the pug is subjected to blank drawing, forming, air drying, blank trimming and biscuit firing to obtain a blank body;

the biscuit firing is to heat the furnace temperature to 800 ℃ after 5.5h, and then to stop the furnace for cooling.

(2) Grinding the glaze ore by adding water, sieving with a 90-mesh sieve, precipitating, and air drying for later use;

elutriating plant ash, sieving with a 90-mesh sieve, precipitating, and air drying for later use; the preparation method of the plant ash comprises the following steps: mixing and burning 1.5 parts by weight of moso bamboo and 15 parts by weight of grapefruit tree to obtain ash.

(3) Preparing main body glaze slip: mixing and adding 40 parts of glaze ore, 18 parts of potassium feldspar and 27 parts of plant ash in a ball mill, and then mixing and adding the materials, water and grinding balls in a weight ratio of 1:1, adding water and a grinding ball, grinding for 4.5 hours, and sieving by a 90-mesh sieve to obtain main body glaze slurry;

(4) preparing edge glaze slip: mixing and adding 40 parts by weight of glaze ore, 18 parts by weight of potassium feldspar, 27 parts by weight of plant ash and 12 parts by weight of quartz into a ball mill, and then mixing and adding the materials, water and grinding balls in a weight ratio of 1:1, adding water and a grinding ball, grinding for 4.5 hours, and then sieving by a 90-mesh sieve to obtain the edge glaze slurry;

the pre-sintering is that the temperature of the kiln is raised to 1000 ℃ at a constant speed after 5.5 hours, and the kiln is shut down and cooled.

the first stage is as follows: after 5.5 hours of furnace temperature, raising the temperature from normal temperature to 1000 ℃ at a constant speed, and keeping the temperature at 1000 ℃ for 0.5 hour; the furnace temperature is increased to 1200 ℃ from 1000 ℃ at a constant speed for 2.5 h; the furnace temperature is increased from 1200 ℃ to 1300 ℃ at a constant speed for 2.5 h;

and a second stage: keeping the temperature of 1300 ℃ for 45min, then throwing the first diesel oil under the heat preservation state, throwing the second diesel oil at intervals of 6min, throwing the third diesel oil at intervals of 6min, throwing the fourth diesel oil at intervals of 5min, throwing the fifth diesel oil at intervals of 3min, and throwing the sixth diesel oil at intervals of 3 min; the dosage of the firewood used in the first three times is 60g in each 0.12 cubic meter of kiln space; 75g of firewood is put in every 0.12 cubic meter of kiln space for the last three times; after the last diesel is thrown, keeping the temperature of 1300 ℃ for 1 h;

and a third stage: after the heat preservation is finished, the furnace is cut off, the furnace is stopped, the firewood is thrown when the furnace temperature is reduced to 1100 ℃, the firewood is thrown once every 8min, the throwing time is 5 times totally, and the consumption of the firewood every time is 55g in every 0.12 cubic meter of furnace space;

Example 3

The firing process of the color gold oil drop comprises the following steps:

(1) preparing a blank body: mixing 3 parts by weight of laterite and 7 parts by weight of kaolin, adding water for elutriation, and sieving by a 110-mesh sieve to obtain slurry; the mud is aged, filter-pressed and refined to obtain pug; the pug is subjected to blank drawing, forming, air drying, blank trimming and biscuit firing to obtain a blank body;

the biscuit firing is to heat the furnace temperature to 800 ℃ after 5 hours, and then the furnace is stopped for cooling.

elutriating plant ash, sieving with 80 mesh sieve, precipitating, and air drying; the preparation method of the plant ash comprises the following steps: mixing and burning 1 part by weight of moso bamboo and 18 parts by weight of shaddock trees to obtain ash.

(3) Preparing main body glaze slip: mixing 45 parts of glaze ore, 19 parts of potassium feldspar and 25 parts of plant ash, adding into a ball mill, and mixing the materials, water and grinding balls in a weight ratio of 1:1, adding water and grinding balls, grinding for 5 hours, and sieving by a sieve of 80 meshes to obtain main body glaze slurry;

(4) preparing edge glaze slip: mixing 45 parts of glaze ore, 19 parts of potassium feldspar, 25 parts of plant ash and 10 parts of quartz, adding into a ball mill, and mixing the materials, water and grinding balls in a weight ratio of 1:1, adding water and a grinding ball, grinding for 5 hours, and sieving by a sieve of 80 meshes to obtain the edge glaze slurry;

and a second stage: keeping the temperature of 1300 ℃ for 45min, then throwing the first diesel oil under the heat preservation state, throwing the second diesel oil at intervals of 6min, throwing the third diesel oil at intervals of 6min, throwing the fourth diesel oil at intervals of 5min, throwing the fifth diesel oil at intervals of 3min, and throwing the sixth diesel oil at intervals of 3 min; 65g of diesel oil is put in the first three times of the kiln space of every 0.12 cubic meter; 77g of firewood is put in every 0.12 cubic meter of kiln space for the last three times; after the last diesel is thrown, keeping the temperature of 1300 ℃ for 1 h;

and a third stage: after the heat preservation is finished, the furnace is cut off, the furnace is stopped, the firewood is thrown when the furnace temperature is reduced to 1100 ℃, the firewood is thrown once every 8min, the throwing time is 5 times totally, and the consumption of the firewood every time is 52g in each 0.12 cubic meter of furnace space;

In examples 1, 2 and 3 above, the laterite and kaolin were both obtained from the city of Jianyang district, Nanping, Fujian province, and the glaze ore was obtained from the city of Jianyang district, Nanlin village, Nanping, Fujian province.

The red glaze ore comprises the following components in percentage by weight: SiO 2₂ 65-68％，Al₂O₃ 16-20％，Fe₂O₃8-10% and the balance of trace elements.

When in roasting, a kiln with the furnace inner space of 0.12 cubic meter is adopted to fire the area of the furnace door to be about 0.45 square meter. The number of the good product built in the kiln was 7 in example (yield: 87.5%), 7 in example 2 (yield: 87.5%), and 6 in example 3 (yield: 75%).

Evaluation of cup of color gold oil

Referring to fig. 1, the gold color oil drops prepared in example 1 simultaneously generate oil drop speckles and hair threads on glaze, and have hair and hair, so that the single type of the traditional oil drops and hair of rabbit is broken, different speckle effects are shown, meanwhile, part of the oil drops are in a semi-crystalline state (partially transparent state), and the gold color oil drops have the beauty of miraculum and floating food. The glaze is colored mainly by purple gold and silver blue, has high color saturation, and is full, fine and moist at the edge of the mouth.

The cup characteristics of the cups prepared in the examples 2 and 3 are basically the same as those of the cup with the golden oil drops prepared in the example 1, and the yield is approximately the same. The result shows that the built cup prepared by the firing process has high finished product rate, and the method has good repeatability and strong stability and is easy for large-scale production.

In the process of preparing the golden oil drop building cup, the inventor prepares the beautiful golden oil drop building cup through a large amount of experimental screening and optimization such as raw material components of a blank glaze, a glazing method, a firing curve in a roasting process, the addition amount of diesel oil, addition time and the like.

The cup is very sensitive to the preparation process parameters, and the small range change of the process parameters can also cause great adverse effects on the characteristics of the cup final product, such as appearance, and the like, and the following description is given by taking only a few examples:

comparative example 1

Comparative example 1 differs from example 1 in that:

the components of the edge glaze slurry are consistent with those of the main body glaze slurry.

The cup obtained by the comparative example has thinner glaze along the cup edge, the smoothness is inferior to that of the cup obtained by the example 1, and the problem of dry mouth is not well solved.

Comparative example 2

Comparative example 2 differs from example 1 in that:

step (5), the edge glaze slurry is applied to the edge of the blank body, the glazing thickness of the edge glaze slurry is 0.3-0.5mm, and the blank body is dried;

in the comparative example, the opening edge glaze slurry and the blank body are not pre-sintered, so that the opening edge of the obtained cup building has a multi-glaze-jump defect.

Comparative example 3

Comparative example 3 differs from example 1 in that: the second stage of the step (7) is specifically as follows:

and a second stage: keeping the temperature of 1300 ℃ for 45min, then throwing the firewood under the heat preservation state, throwing once every 6min for 6 times, and throwing 62g of firewood in each 0.12 cubic meter of kiln space; after the last diesel is added, the temperature of 1300 ℃ is kept for 1 h.

The cup building oil drops obtained by the comparative example are small, the number is large, the glaze surface has no hair, and the cup building oil drops belong to a pure oil drop glaze surface.

Comparative example 4

Comparative example 4 differs from example 1 in that: the fourth stage of step (7) is omitted.

The glaze of the building glaze obtained by the comparative example has less millifilaments than that of the embodiment 1, and the glaze has poorer gloss than that of the embodiment 1.

Comparative example 5

Comparative example 5 differs from example 1 in that:

the fifth stage: naturally cooling and discharging.

The glaze of the building glaze obtained by the comparative example has poorer color saturation than that of the embodiment 1, and oil drops have no semi-crystalline state.

The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are also included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. The firing process of the color gold oil drop comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:

the first stage is as follows: after the furnace temperature is 5.5-6h, the temperature is raised from the normal temperature to 1000 ℃ at a constant speed, and the temperature is kept at 1000 ℃ for 0.5 h; the furnace temperature is increased to 1200 ℃ from 1000 ℃ at a constant speed for 2.5 h; the furnace temperature is increased from 1200 ℃ to 1300 ℃ at a constant speed for 2.5 h;

2. The process of firing blue gold paste as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the step (6), the pre-sintering is that the temperature of the kiln is increased to 1000 ℃ at a constant speed after 5-5.5h, and the kiln is shut down and cooled.

3. The process of firing blue gold paste as claimed in claim 2, wherein: in the step (5), the glazing range of the edge glaze slurry is a blank body which is 3-5mm downward from the edge of the edge.

4. The process of firing blue gold paste as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the preparation method of the plant ash comprises the following steps: mixing and burning 1-1.5 parts of moso bamboo and 15-18 parts of grapefruit tree to obtain ash.

5. The process of firing blue gold paste as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the biscuit firing is to heat the furnace temperature to 800 ℃ after 5-6h, and then to stop the furnace for cooling.