CN114905806A - 一种基于抗菌纤维的除臭鞋垫及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种基于抗菌纤维的除臭鞋垫及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及鞋垫技术领域,具体涉及一种基于抗菌纤维的除臭鞋垫及其制备方法,臭鞋垫包括面层、底层和缝制在面层与底层之间的抗菌纤维层,抗菌纤维层包括抗菌纤维和聚酯,抗菌纤维由季膦盐与纤维素共聚反应制得;本发明采用具有高效抗菌功能的季膦盐,并通过丙烯酰胺,使得季膦盐共价键合在纤维素上,从而使季膦盐稳定位于纤维素中,有效避免季膦盐脱离纤维素,进而提高该鞋垫抗菌的持续性;通过季膦盐与纤维素的共聚反应,有效克服采用季膦盐接枝在纤维素上而出现抗菌基团的接枝数量及在产物中的分布难以控制的缺点。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及鞋垫领域,具体涉及一种基于抗菌纤维的除臭鞋垫及其制备方法。
背景技术
目前,抗菌除臭鞋垫具有抑制细菌滋生等效果,其鞋垫采用抗菌纤维进行制备,通过抗菌纤维抑制细菌滋生,从而有效减少脚臭气味的生成。
通常抗菌纤维中含有抗菌基团,现有主要通过复合或涂覆等物理方式,直接将抗菌基团(抗菌剂)等加入纤维中,如直接将抗菌剂加入融纺的纺丝油剂中,在收缩时,熔融纤维丝体将抗菌剂包入表层内,或在湿纺中的凝胶态纤维浸入抗菌剂溶液,把抗菌剂溶液封入内部,从而实现将抗菌剂加入纤维中。
但是,复合和涂覆等物理方式虽然简单,但由于抗菌基团与纤维间主要通过物理作用,没有化学键合等方式,抗菌基团与纤维之间的相互作用力不强,抗菌基团容易从纤维中脱离,使得抗菌基团在纤维中的浓度随使用时间而降低,导致鞋垫的抗菌效果持续性差,且随着鞋垫的多次洗淋,抗菌基团容易被洗淋出,进而使得鞋垫的抗菌效果逐渐丧失。
发明内容
解决的技术问题
针对现有技术所存在的上述缺点,本发明提供了一种基于抗菌纤维的除臭鞋垫及其制备方法,能够有效地解决现有技术复合和涂覆等物理方式虽然简单,但由于抗菌基团与纤维间主要通过物理作用,没有化学键合等方式,抗菌基团与纤维之间的相互作用力不强,抗菌基团容易从纤维中脱离,使得抗菌基团在纤维中的浓度随使用时间而降低,导致鞋垫的抗菌效果持续性差,且随着鞋垫的多次洗淋,抗菌基团容易被洗淋出,进而鞋垫的抗菌效果逐渐降低的问题。
技术方案
为实现以上目的,本发明通过以下技术方案予以实现:一种基于抗菌纤维的除臭鞋垫,包括除臭鞋垫包括面层、底层和缝制在面层与底层之间的抗菌纤维层;
其中,抗菌纤维层包括抗菌纤维和聚酯;
所述抗菌纤维由季膦盐与纤维素共聚反应制得。
更进一步地,所述抗菌纤维中还加入有活性炭。
其中,活性炭具有吸附臭气功能,进一步提高除臭鞋垫的除臭效果。
更进一步地,所述抗菌纤维制备方法如下:
S1、将纤维素置于碱性溶液中处理3~5h,再用蒸馏水洗涤至中性,再用甲醛溶液浸泡30~60min后,于真空烘箱中烘干,得到预处理纤维素粉末;通过对纤维素进行碱性处理,使得得到预处理纤维素粉末容易溶解在下一步的溶解液内。
S2、将预处理纤维素粉末迅速放入冷却至-10~-8℃的溶解液中,在20~25℃下,以2000~2500r/min搅拌15~20min,得到均一纤维素溶液;通过将预处理纤维素粉末溶解在溶解液,进而形成分散均匀的均一纤维素溶液,便于在下一步中的反应。
S3、在均一纤维素溶液中加入15~20mL的N,N-二甲基甲酰胺,搅拌升温至30~35℃,在30~40min内,滴加等摩尔的顺丁烯二酸酐和吡啶的N,N-二甲基甲酰胺,反应5~6h后,调节pH至4~6,再加入乙醇沉淀,抽滤得沉淀物,并用乙醇洗涤沉淀物3~4次,再将沉淀物于真空烘箱中烘干,得中间体;通过顺丁烯二酸酐与纤维素反应,使得顺丁烯二酸酐的酸酐官能团打开并与纤维素的三个羟基键合,从而使得在纤维素上形成三个带有碳碳双键官能团的基团,进而便于与丙烯酰胺和季膦盐进行共聚反应。
S4、在二甲基亚砜溶液中加入中间体,搅拌升温至50~60℃后,加入偶氮二异丁腈、丙烯酰胺和季膦盐,共聚反应15~20h后,加入活性炭,搅拌混合2~3h,过滤后用乙醇洗涤沉淀物3~4次,烘干,得到抗菌纤维。
通过丙烯酰胺,使得季膦盐共价键合在纤维素上,从而使得季膦盐共价键合在纤维素上,使季膦盐稳定位于纤维素中,有效避免季膦盐脱离纤维素,进而提高该鞋垫抗菌的持续性;通过季膦盐与纤维素的共聚反应,有效克服采用季膦盐接枝在纤维素上而出现抗菌基团的接枝数量及在产物中的分布难以控制的缺点;同时通过纤维素的碳碳双键官能团、丙烯酰胺的碳碳双键官能团和季膦盐的碳碳双键官能团的共聚反应,其相互之间亦可共建键合,从而形成的抗菌纤维为多孔结构,通气性好,提高该鞋垫的通气性,同时在形成的抗菌纤维中加入活性炭,使得活性炭包裹在抗菌纤维中,进一步便于活性炭吸附臭气,提高该鞋垫的除臭效果。
更进一步地,所述S1中碱性溶液为质量分数15~20%的氢氧化钠溶液。
更进一步地,所述S2中溶解液为氢氧化钠、硫脲、尿素和70%乙醇按照4:3:4:35~40的重量比配制而成。
更进一步地,所述S3中均一纤维素溶液、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、顺丁烯二酸酐和吡啶的N,N-二甲基甲酰胺的体积比为7~8:2:5:5。
更进一步地,所述S4中活性炭、丙烯酰胺、季膦盐和中间体的的重量比为1:7~8:7~8:3。
更进一步地,所述抗菌纤维层还包括纳米金属纤维,纳米金属纤维为纳米银纤维和纳米铜纤维中的任意一种。
由于银离子和铜离子均具有抗菌效果,从而进一步提高该鞋垫的抗菌性。
一种基于抗菌纤维的除臭鞋垫的制备方法,所述制备方法适用于上述的一种基于抗菌纤维的除臭鞋垫,所述制备方法包括如下步骤:
抗菌纤维层制备:将重量比为10:10~12:1~2的抗菌纤维、聚酯和纳米金属纤维混合均匀后,投入双螺杆挤出机中进行熔融处理,挤出喷丝,熔体丝条经冷却、上油、牵伸、定型、卷绕后,即可制得抗菌纤维丝,再将抗菌纤维丝纺织成布,并根据脚型裁切,制得抗菌纤维层;
底层制备:将发泡材料板脚型裁切,制得底层,并将底层缝制在抗菌纤维层上;
面层制备:采用竹纤维与棉纤维混纺纺织布,并根据脚型裁切,制得面层,再将面层缝制在抗菌纤维层另一侧。
有益效果
采用本发明提供的技术方案,与已知的公有技术相比,具有如下有益效果:
1、本发明采用具有高效抗菌功能的季膦盐,并通过丙烯酰胺,使得季膦盐共价键合在纤维素上,从而使季膦盐稳定位于纤维素中,有效避免季膦盐脱离纤维素,进而提高该鞋垫抗菌的持续性;通过季膦盐与纤维素的共聚反应,有效克服采用季膦盐接枝在纤维素上而出现抗菌基团的接枝数量及在产物中的分布难以控制的缺点;同时通过纤维素的碳碳双键官能团、丙烯酰胺的碳碳双键官能团和季膦盐的碳碳双键官能团的共聚反应,其相互之间亦可共建键合,从而形成的抗菌纤维为多孔结构,通气性好,提高该鞋垫的通气性,并通过在多孔结构的抗菌纤维中加入活性炭,使得活性炭包裹在抗菌纤维中,进一步便于活性炭吸附臭气,提高该鞋垫的除臭效果。
2、本发明通过由抗菌纤维和纳米金属纤维混纺制成的抗菌纤维层,通过抗菌纤维中的季膦盐的抗菌性与纳米金属纤维中金属离子的抗菌性,形成双重抗菌,进一步提高该鞋垫的抗菌效果,同时通过由竹纤维与棉纤维混纺制成的面层,不仅提高舒适度,而且通过竹纤维的良好的透气性和天然抗菌性,进一步提高该鞋垫的抗菌效果与透气效果。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案,下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍。显而易见地,下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本发明抗菌纤维制备S3步骤过程中纤维素和顺丁烯二酸酐反应方程式示意图;
图2为本发明抗菌纤维制备S4步骤过程中中间体与丙烯酰胺和季膦盐反应方程式示意图;
图3为实施例5-8和对比实施例进行洗淋后的抗菌检测表。
具体实施方式
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚,下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。显然,所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
下面结合实施例对本发明作进一步的描述。
实施例1
抗菌纤维制备方法如下:
S1、将纤维素置于碱性溶液中处理3h,再用蒸馏水洗涤至中性,再用甲醛溶液浸泡30min后,于真空烘箱中烘干,得到预处理纤维素粉末。
碱性溶液为质量分数15%的氢氧化钠溶液。
S2、将预处理纤维素粉末迅速放入冷却至-8℃的溶解液中,在25℃下,以2000r/min搅拌15min,得到均一纤维素溶液。
溶解液为氢氧化钠、硫脲、尿素和70%乙醇按照4:3:4:35的重量比配制而成。
S3、在均一纤维素溶液中加入15mL的N,N-二甲基甲酰胺,搅拌升温至30℃,在30min内,滴加等摩尔的顺丁烯二酸酐和吡啶的N,N-二甲基甲酰胺,反应5h后,调节pH至4,再加入乙醇沉淀,抽滤得沉淀物,并用乙醇洗涤沉淀物3次,再将沉淀物于真空烘箱中烘干,得中间体。
一纤维素溶液、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、顺丁烯二酸酐和吡啶的N,N-二甲基甲酰胺的体积比为7:2:5:5。
S4、在二甲基亚砜溶液中加入中间体,搅拌升温至50℃后,加入偶氮二异丁腈、丙烯酰胺和季膦盐,共聚反应15h后,加入活性炭,搅拌混合2h,过滤后用乙醇洗涤沉淀物3次,烘干,得到抗菌纤维。
活性炭、丙烯酰胺、季膦盐和中间体的的重量比为1:7:7:3。
实施例2
抗菌纤维制备方法如下:
S1、将纤维素置于碱性溶液中处理5h,再用蒸馏水洗涤至中性,再用甲醛溶液浸泡60min后,于真空烘箱中烘干,得到预处理纤维素粉末。
碱性溶液为质量分数20%的氢氧化钠溶液。
S2、将预处理纤维素粉末迅速放入冷却至-10℃的溶解液中,在20℃下,以2500r/min搅拌20min,得到均一纤维素溶液。
溶解液为氢氧化钠、硫脲、尿素和70%乙醇按照4:3:4:40的重量比配制而成。
S3、在均一纤维素溶液中加入20mL的N,N-二甲基甲酰胺,搅拌升温至35℃,在40min内,滴加等摩尔的顺丁烯二酸酐和吡啶的N,N-二甲基甲酰胺,反应6h后,调节pH至6,再加入乙醇沉淀,抽滤得沉淀物,并用乙醇洗涤沉淀物4次,再将沉淀物于真空烘箱中烘干,得中间体。
一纤维素溶液、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、顺丁烯二酸酐和吡啶的N,N-二甲基甲酰胺的体积比为8:2:5:5。
S4、在二甲基亚砜溶液中加入中间体,搅拌升温至60℃后,加入偶氮二异丁腈、丙烯酰胺和季膦盐,共聚反应20h后,加入活性炭,搅拌混合3h,过滤后用乙醇洗涤沉淀物4次,烘干,得到抗菌纤维。
活性炭、丙烯酰胺、季膦盐和中间体的的重量比为1:8:8:3。
实施例3
抗菌纤维制备方法如下:
S1、将纤维素置于碱性溶液中处理4h,再用蒸馏水洗涤至中性,再用甲醛溶液浸泡30min后,于真空烘箱中烘干,得到预处理纤维素粉末。
碱性溶液为质量分数18%的氢氧化钠溶液。
S2、将预处理纤维素粉末迅速放入冷却至-8℃的溶解液中,在25℃下,以2000r/min搅拌15min,得到均一纤维素溶液。
溶解液为氢氧化钠、硫脲、尿素和70%乙醇按照4:3:4:38的重量比配制而成。
S3、在均一纤维素溶液中加入15mL的N,N-二甲基甲酰胺,搅拌升温至30℃,在40min内,滴加等摩尔的顺丁烯二酸酐和吡啶的N,N-二甲基甲酰胺,反应6h后,调节pH至6,再加入乙醇沉淀,抽滤得沉淀物,并用乙醇洗涤沉淀物3次,再将沉淀物于真空烘箱中烘干,得中间体。
一纤维素溶液、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、顺丁烯二酸酐和吡啶的N,N-二甲基甲酰胺的体积比为8:2:5:5。
S4、在二甲基亚砜溶液中加入中间体,搅拌升温至50℃后,加入偶氮二异丁腈、丙烯酰胺和季膦盐,共聚反应20h后,加入活性炭,搅拌混合3h,过滤后用乙醇洗涤沉淀物4次,烘干,得到抗菌纤维。
活性炭、丙烯酰胺、季膦盐和中间体的的重量比为1:8:7:3。
实施例4
抗菌纤维制备方法如下:
S1、将纤维素置于碱性溶液中处理3h,再用蒸馏水洗涤至中性,再用甲醛溶液浸泡30min后,于真空烘箱中烘干,得到预处理纤维素粉末。
碱性溶液为质量分数18%的氢氧化钠溶液。
S2、将预处理纤维素粉末迅速放入冷却至-8℃的溶解液中,在25℃下,以2000r/min搅拌15min,得到均一纤维素溶液。
溶解液为氢氧化钠、硫脲、尿素和70%乙醇按照4:3:4:38的重量比配制而成。
S3、在均一纤维素溶液中加入20mL的N,N-二甲基甲酰胺,搅拌升温至30℃,在30min内,滴加等摩尔的顺丁烯二酸酐和吡啶的N,N-二甲基甲酰胺,反应6h后,调节pH至5,再加入乙醇沉淀,抽滤得沉淀物,并用乙醇洗涤沉淀物3次,再将沉淀物于真空烘箱中烘干,得中间体。
均一纤维素溶液、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、顺丁烯二酸酐和吡啶的N,N-二甲基甲酰胺的体积比为8:2:5:5。
S4、在二甲基亚砜溶液中加入中间体,搅拌升温至50℃后,加入偶氮二异丁腈、丙烯酰胺和季膦盐,共聚反应20h后,过滤后用乙醇洗涤沉淀物3次,烘干,得到抗菌纤维。
丙烯酰胺、季膦盐和中间体的的重量比为7:7:3。
其中,实施例4相比较于实施例1、2和3,实施例4中未加入活性炭。
实施例5
一种基于抗菌纤维的除臭鞋垫的制备方法,所述制备方法包括如下步骤:
抗菌纤维层制备:将重量比为10:10:1的抗菌纤维、聚酯和纳米金属纤维混合均匀后,投入双螺杆挤出机中进行熔融处理,挤出喷丝,熔体丝条经冷却、上油、牵伸、定型、卷绕后,即可制得抗菌纤维丝,再将抗菌纤维丝纺织成布,并根据脚型裁切,制得抗菌纤维层;
底层制备:将发泡材料板脚型裁切,制得底层,并将底层缝制在抗菌纤维层上;
面层制备:采用竹纤维与棉纤维混纺纺织布,并根据脚型裁切,制得面层,再将面层缝制在抗菌纤维层另一侧。
实施例6
一种基于抗菌纤维的除臭鞋垫的制备方法,所述制备方法包括如下步骤:
抗菌纤维层制备:将重量比为12:12:1的抗菌纤维和聚酯混合均匀后,投入双螺杆挤出机中进行熔融处理,挤出喷丝,熔体丝条经冷却、上油、牵伸、定型、卷绕后,即可制得抗菌纤维丝,再将抗菌纤维丝纺织成布,并根据脚型裁切,制得抗菌纤维层;
底层制备:将发泡材料板脚型裁切,制得底层,并将底层缝制在抗菌纤维层上;
面层制备:采用竹纤维与棉纤维混纺纺织布,并根据脚型裁切,制得面层,再将面层缝制在抗菌纤维层另一侧。
实施例7
一种基于抗菌纤维的除臭鞋垫的制备方法,所述制备方法包括如下步骤:
抗菌纤维层制备:将重量比为12:10:1的抗菌纤维、聚酯和纳米金属纤维混合均匀后,投入双螺杆挤出机中进行熔融处理,挤出喷丝,熔体丝条经冷却、上油、牵伸、定型、卷绕后,即可制得抗菌纤维丝,再将抗菌纤维丝纺织成布,并根据脚型裁切,制得抗菌纤维层;
底层制备:将发泡材料板脚型裁切,制得底层,并将底层缝制在抗菌纤维层上;
面层制备:采用竹纤维与棉纤维混纺纺织布,并根据脚型裁切,制得面层,再将面层缝制在抗菌纤维层另一侧。
实施例8
一种基于抗菌纤维的除臭鞋垫的制备方法,所述制备方法包括如下步骤:
抗菌纤维层制备:将重量比为10:10的抗菌纤维、聚酯混合均匀后,投入双螺杆挤出机中进行熔融处理,挤出喷丝,熔体丝条经冷却、上油、牵伸、定型、卷绕后,即可制得抗菌纤维丝,再将抗菌纤维丝纺织成布,并根据脚型裁切,制得抗菌纤维层;
底层制备:将发泡材料板脚型裁切,制得底层,并将底层缝制在抗菌纤维层上;
面层制备:采用竹纤维与棉纤维混纺纺织布,并根据脚型裁切,制得面层,再将面层缝制在抗菌纤维层另一侧。
其中,实施例5采用未加入活性炭的抗菌纤维,实施例6、7和8采用加入活性炭的的抗菌纤维,且实施例8相对于实施例5、6和7,实施例8的抗菌纤维层中未加入纳米金属纤维。
对比例1
本对比例为现有采用复合或涂覆等物理方式的抗菌纤维的鞋垫。
对实施例5-8和对比实施例进行洗淋后的抗菌检测,结果如图3。
其中,抗菌性为以抑制肺炎克雷伯氏菌、白色念珠菌和金黄色葡萄球菌三者百分数的平均数,从图3可看出,随着洗淋次数的增加,本技术方案的抗菌性与对比例1相抵,抗菌性下降不明显,同时,通过增加纳米金属纤维,抗菌性能得到提高。
以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案,而非对其限制;尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明,本领域的普通技术人员应当理解:其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改,或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换;而这些修改或者替换,并不会使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的精神和范围。
Claims (9)
1.一种基于抗菌纤维的除臭鞋垫,其特征在于:所述除臭鞋垫包括面层、底层和缝制在面层与底层之间的抗菌纤维层;
其中,抗菌纤维层包括抗菌纤维和聚酯;
所述抗菌纤维由季膦盐与纤维素共聚反应制得。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种基于抗菌纤维的除臭鞋垫,其特征在于,所述抗菌纤维中还加入有活性炭。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种基于抗菌纤维的除臭鞋垫,其特征在于,所述抗菌纤维制备方法如下:
S1、将纤维素置于碱性溶液中处理3~5h,再用蒸馏水洗涤至中性,再用甲醛溶液浸泡30~60min后,于真空烘箱中烘干,得到预处理纤维素粉末;
S2、将预处理纤维素粉末迅速放入冷却至-10~-8℃的溶解液中,在20~25℃下,以2000~2500r/min搅拌15~20min,得到均一纤维素溶液;
S3、在均一纤维素溶液中加入15~20mL的N,N-二甲基甲酰胺,搅拌升温至30~35℃,在30~40min内,滴加等摩尔的顺丁烯二酸酐和吡啶的N,N-二甲基甲酰胺,反应5~6h后,调节pH至4~6,再加入乙醇沉淀,抽滤得沉淀物,并用乙醇洗涤沉淀物3~4次,再将沉淀物于真空烘箱中烘干,得中间体;
S4、在二甲基亚砜溶液中加入中间体,搅拌升温至50~60℃后,加入偶氮二异丁腈、丙烯酰胺和季膦盐,共聚反应15~20h后,加入活性炭,搅拌混合2~3h,过滤后用乙醇洗涤沉淀物3~4次,烘干,得到抗菌纤维。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种基于抗菌纤维的除臭鞋垫,其特征在于,所述S1中碱性溶液为质量分数15~20%的氢氧化钠溶液。
5.根据权利要求3所述的一种基于抗菌纤维的除臭鞋垫,其特征在于,所述S2中溶解液为氢氧化钠、硫脲、尿素和70%乙醇按照4:3:4:35~40的重量比配制而成。
6.根据权利要求3所述的一种基于抗菌纤维的除臭鞋垫,其特征在于,所述S3中均一纤维素溶液、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、顺丁烯二酸酐和吡啶的N,N-二甲基甲酰胺的体积比为7~8:2:5:5。
7.根据权利要求3所述的一种基于抗菌纤维的除臭鞋垫,其特征在于,所述S4中活性炭、丙烯酰胺、季膦盐和中间体的的重量比为1:7~8:7~8:3。
8.根据权利要求1所述的一种基于抗菌纤维的除臭鞋垫,其特征在于,所述抗菌纤维层还包括纳米金属纤维,纳米金属纤维为纳米银纤维和纳米铜纤维中的任意一种。
9.一种基于抗菌纤维的除臭鞋垫的制备方法,所述制备方法适用于权利要求1~8任一项所述的一种基于抗菌纤维的除臭鞋垫,其特征在于,所述制备方法包括如下步骤:
抗菌纤维层制备:将重量比为10:10~12:1~2的抗菌纤维、聚酯和纳米金属纤维混合均匀后,投入双螺杆挤出机中进行熔融处理,挤出喷丝,熔体丝条经冷却、上油、牵伸、定型、卷绕后,即可制得抗菌纤维丝,再将抗菌纤维丝纺织成布,并根据脚型裁切,制得抗菌纤维层;
底层制备:将发泡材料板脚型裁切,制得底层,并将底层缝制在抗菌纤维层上;
面层制备:采用竹纤维与棉纤维混纺纺织布,并根据脚型裁切,制得面层,再将面层缝制在抗菌纤维层另一侧。
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