CN114904740A - Paint spraying process for vehicle door switch panel - Google Patents
Paint spraying process for vehicle door switch panel Download PDFInfo
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- CN114904740A CN114904740A CN202210627207.6A CN202210627207A CN114904740A CN 114904740 A CN114904740 A CN 114904740A CN 202210627207 A CN202210627207 A CN 202210627207A CN 114904740 A CN114904740 A CN 114904740A
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- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 112
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 96
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 91
- 239000002987 primer (paints) Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 105
- 239000002966 varnish Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-acetylene Natural products C#C HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 125000002534 ethynyl group Chemical group [H]C#C* 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 24
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 20
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 19
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 18
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 14
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 7
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 6
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 3
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007665 sagging Methods 0.000 description 3
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000004922 lacquer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007592 spray painting technique Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005202 decontamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003588 decontaminative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011152 fibreglass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007429 general method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 oxygen ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006748 scratching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002393 scratching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D7/50—Multilayers
- B05D7/56—Three layers or more
- B05D7/57—Three layers or more the last layer being a clear coat
- B05D7/572—Three layers or more the last layer being a clear coat all layers being cured or baked together
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D3/08—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by flames
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D5/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D5/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures
- B05D5/12—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures to obtain a coating with specific electrical properties
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D7/14—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials to metal, e.g. car bodies
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D7/14—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials to metal, e.g. car bodies
- B05D7/16—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials to metal, e.g. car bodies using synthetic lacquers or varnishes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D7/24—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D7/24—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D7/26—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials synthetic lacquers or varnishes
Abstract
The application relates to the technical field of automobile accessory machining processes, and particularly discloses a paint spraying process for a vehicle door switch panel. The method comprises the following steps of pretreatment: carrying out oil and dirt removal, surface flame treatment and electrostatic dust removal on the surface of a panel to be coated; the surface flame is treated by the following steps: s1, placing the panel in flame outer flame to raise the surface temperature of the panel by 60-80 ℃; s2, raising the flame temperature to 2000-; s3, placing the panel in flame inner flame to raise the surface temperature of the panel to 130-150 ℃; (2) spraying a primer: spraying a double-layer conductive primer on the surface of the panel subjected to electrostatic dust removal to form a primer coating; (3) spraying color paint: spraying color paint to form a color paint coating; (4) spraying varnish: spraying varnish to form a varnish coating; (5) and (5) drying. The process preheats the panel and clears away the surface shielding object of the panel by twice firing, improves the surface tension of the panel, reduces the working procedures and improves the working efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of automobile accessory machining processes, in particular to a paint spraying process for a vehicle door switch panel.
Background
The panel is an important component of a facing on an automobile door, and a paint film is sprayed on the surface of the panel so as to play a role in protecting the surface of the panel from abrasion, scratching and the like. The panel is more and more made of non-metallic materials such as glass fiber reinforced plastics, PP, PC and the like to meet the development requirement of the vehicle lightweight technology.
At present, the spraying process of a paint film generally adopts a process method of three-coating and one-baking, wherein the three-coating is sequentially sprayed with primer, colored paint and varnish, and then drying is carried out, so as to ensure good spraying effect. The paint film adhesion is an important performance index of the paint film, so that the paint film and a substrate are mutually combined, and a panel with poor paint film adhesion is easy to have the phenomenon of point-like surface shedding, thereby reducing the quality level of the panel. In order to improve the adhesive force of a paint film, surface flame treatment is needed before spraying the primer, wherein the surface flame treatment refers to a process of spraying flame or high-temperature gas to the surface of a workpiece to rapidly heat the surface of the workpiece to a high temperature, and after the surface flame treatment, the surface tension of the workpiece is improved, so that the adhesive force between the primer and the surface of the workpiece is increased.
In view of the above-mentioned related technologies, the inventor found that, before performing surface flame treatment on a panel, preheating is required in advance to prevent the surface of the panel from cracking due to an excessive temperature difference between inside and outside, and then cleaning the panel to remove the shielding material on the surface of the panel, so that there are many processes and the working efficiency is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to improve work efficiency, the application provides a door flush mounting plate of switch spray painting technology.
The application provides a door flush mounting plate of switch paint spraying technology adopts following technical scheme:
a paint spraying process for a vehicle door switch panel comprises the following steps:
(1) pretreatment: carrying out oil and dirt removal, surface flame treatment and electrostatic dust removal on the surface of the panel to be coated;
wherein, the surface flame treatment makes the surface tension of the panel more than 40 dynes and the surface static voltage less than 600V, and the surface flame treatment comprises the following steps:
s1, placing the panel in flame out, and raising the surface temperature of the panel to 60-80 ℃;
s2, raising the temperature of the flame spray gun to 2000-2500 ℃;
s3, placing the panel in flame inner flame to raise the surface temperature of the panel to 130-150 ℃;
(2) spraying a primer: spraying a double-layer conductive primer on the surface of the panel subjected to electrostatic dust removal to form a primer coating;
(3) spraying color paint: spraying color paint to form a color paint coating;
(4) spraying varnish: spraying varnish to form a varnish coating;
(5) and (5) drying.
By adopting the technical scheme, the surface flame treatment is carried out on the panel, the flame has a large number of ions and strong oxidizability, a layer of charged polar functional group is formed on the surface of the panel at a high temperature, the surface tension of the panel is improved, and the adhesive force of the primer is increased.
The panel is arranged in the outer flame, the outer flame is rich in a large amount of negative oxygen ions, the oxidation capacity is high, the surface polarity of the panel is greatly improved at a low firing temperature, and the surface tension of the panel reaches 40 dynes, so that the conductive primer sprayed subsequently has high adhesive force with the panel. In order to ensure the flame treatment effect, the surface of the panel needs to be fully burned, so that the flame temperature is increased to 2000-2500 ℃ for burning the surface of the panel at high temperature. Then, in step S3, the panel is placed in the flame, the flame is not sufficiently contacted with the external oxygen, and the combustion is incomplete, so as to reduce the occurrence of the phenomenon that the surface of the panel is melted while ensuring the burning effect on the door panel.
The flame treatment can directly remove the shielding objects on the surface of the panel, simplifies the operation procedures of preheating and cleaning and improves the efficiency through continuous twice burning. Meanwhile, the panel at high temperature can bake the inner primer, the drying is fast, and the bonding degree is higher, so that after the double-layer primer is coated, the adhesive force between the double-layer primer coating and the surface of the panel is better.
The panel prepared by the paint spraying process is subjected to an adhesion level test, the adhesion level reaches the second level, the surface tension reaches 41.3mN/m, and the adhesion level and the surface tension are higher than those of the panel which is burnt by putting the panel in flame, and the adhesion level and the surface tension are higher than those of the panel which is burnt, so that a paint film of the panel prepared by the process has better adhesion.
Optionally, in step S1, the processing time is 5-10S, and the process is repeated three times; in step S2, the process is repeated three times for a period of 1-2S.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, carry out the test of surperficial overburning to the panel that this application paint spraying process made, the panel surface is all unburnt. Therefore, the phenomenon of overburning of the surface of the panel is reduced while the tensile force of the surface of the panel is improved by controlling the time of flame treatment of the surface of the panel and by burning the surface of the panel at low temperature within 5-10 s. The surface of the panel is quickly heated up by quickly burning at a high temperature of 1-2s, so that the burning temperature is guaranteed.
Optionally, in step S2, the distance between the surface of the panel and the flame base is 20-100 mm.
By adopting the technical scheme, when the distance between the root of the flame and the surface of the panel is controlled to be within the range, the lifting effect of the surface energy of the panel is better. The reason may be that the ion quantity of the flame in the flame within the above range is the largest, the oxidation effect on the surface of the panel is the strongest, and the improvement effect on the surface energy of the panel is the best, and the surface tension of the panel prepared by the paint spraying process reaches 42.4mN/m by performing the surface tension test, thereby further improving the adhesive force of the primer.
Optionally, in the flame treatment in the step (1), a mixed gas of oxygen and acetylene gas is adopted, and the volume ratio of the oxygen to the acetylene gas is (2.5-3): 1.
By adopting the technical scheme, when the volume ratio of the oxygen to the acetylene gas is in the range, the oxygen and the acetylene gas are mixed to form an oxidizing flame, the highest temperature can reach 3300 ℃, and higher firing temperature can be provided; the higher the hydrocarbon content of the fuel used for flame treatment, the higher the flame ionization current, and the better the surface energy enhancement effect. However, when the volume ratio of the oxygen to the acetylene is in the above range, the adhesion of the primer is optimal, and the panel prepared by the paint spraying process of the present application is subjected to a surface tension test, so that the surface tension reaches 43.6 mN/m. The reason may be that when the volume ratio is too large, the hydrocarbon content is low, failing to generate a sufficient amount of ion current; when the volume ratio is too small, combustion is insufficient.
Optionally, in the step (2), the thickness of the single-layer primer coating is 3-7 μm.
By adopting the technical scheme, when the thickness of the single-layer coating of the primer is in the range, the adhesive force grade of the paint film can reach 1 grade at most, and the adhesive effect of the primer is good. When the thickness is smaller, the spraying amount of the primer is too small, the primer is poorly bonded with the surface of the panel, so that the primer lacks adhesion and the paint film falls off integrally; when the thickness is larger, the spraying amount of the primer is too much, and the defects of poor surface drying of the primer, sagging and biting are easily caused.
Optionally, in the step (2), the surface resistance of the primer is 10 5 -10 6 Ω。
By adopting the technical scheme, the conductive primer is sprayed to provide conductivity for the surface of the panel and promote the enhancement of the adhesive force between the colored paint and the panel, and when the surface resistance of the primer is controlled to be within the range, the adsorption force between the colored paint and the primer is stronger, and the adhesive force grade of the paint film is improved to 0 grade.
Optionally, in the step (2), the conductive primer is a mixture of a primer and a diluent according to a weight ratio of 1 (0.7-1.0).
By adopting the technical scheme, the conductive primer prepared from the mixture of the primer and the diluent according to the weight ratio of 1 (0.7-1.0) has the dry film resistance of (2.5-3.5) multiplied by 10 5 Omega, is in the range of better surface resistance of the primer.
Optionally, in the step (2), the viscosity of the primer is 11-15s at 20 ℃.
By adopting the technical scheme, when the viscosity of the conductive primer is controlled to be within the range, the primer has a better coating effect. When the viscosity is higher, the construction is difficult, the appearance of a paint film is influenced, and when the viscosity is lower, the problem of poor adhesion of the primer is easily caused.
Optionally, the total thickness of the two-layer primer, the color lacquer and the clear lacquer is 40-100 μm.
By adopting the technical scheme, when the spraying amount of the paint film is too much, the defects that the paint film is not well dried and is easy to sag and bite are easily generated. When the total thickness of the paint film is controlled to be within the range, the surface of the paint film is well dried and is not easy to sag or bite.
Optionally, the thickness ratio of the total thickness of the double-layer primer to the thickness of the colored paint to the thickness of the varnish is 1 (1-3) to 2-3.
By adopting the technical scheme, when the total thickness of the double-layer primer and the thickness ratio of the colored paint to the varnish are controlled to be within the corresponding range, the thickness of the primer is appropriate, the matching effect of the colored paint and the varnish is better, and the adhesive force between the colored paint and the varnish is improved. In summary, the present application has the following beneficial effects:
1. the surface flame treatment of the panel is carried out in two continuous steps, the panel is placed in the outer flame, a layer of charged polar functional groups are formed on the surface of the panel through a large number of ions contained in the outer flame in a burning mode, the surface tension of the panel is improved, and the adhesive force of the primer is further increased; the panel is placed in the inner flame and is fired at high temperature, so that the flame treatment effect is guaranteed, as set forth above, under the action of guaranteeing the surface tension of the panel, the shielding objects on the surface of the panel are directly removed through the flame treatment, the operation procedures of preheating and cleaning are simplified, and the working efficiency is improved;
2. according to the method, the distance between the surface of the panel and the root of the flame is controlled, so that the panel is placed at the position with the largest amount of flame ions in the flame for burning, the effect of improving the surface tension of the panel by the flame in the flame is optimized, and the adhesive force of the primer is further improved;
3. this application is through adopting the mist of oxygen and acetylene to the panel surface firing to through the volume ratio of control oxygen and acetylene, the hydrocarbon proportion in the adjustment mist is in suitable scope, further optimizes the promotion effect of flame treatment panel surface tension.
Detailed Description
The present application will be described in further detail with reference to examples and comparative examples.
The raw materials used in the examples of the present application are commercially available, except for the following specific descriptions:
primer coating: mixed solution consisting of a Basf JC50-9070 primer and a Basf 352-91 diluent;
color paint: detecting a mixed solution of polar region white paint and a Basf 352-91 diluent according to the weight ratio of 1:0.2, and measuring the viscosity of the mixed solution at 20 ℃ for 17 s;
varnish: detecting a mixed solution of the BASF 923-447 varnish, the BASF 923-33 curing agent and the BASF 352-91 diluent in a weight ratio of 1:0.3:0.3, and measuring the viscosity of the mixed solution at 20 ℃ for 14 s;
flame spray gun: the manufacturer is Guangzhou brand model SX-8000, a three-new metal technology Co.
Performance detection
The test panels were painted by the paint-spraying process of the examples and comparative examples, the test panels were PP panels, the test panels were prepared according to GB/T1727-92 "general method for paint film", and the painted test panels treated by the different paint-spraying processes were subjected to the following performance tests:
test one: paint adhesion was tested on painted test panels according to GB 928-1998 cut test for paint and varnish films. The test results are divided into 6 grades of 0-5 grade, wherein the 0 grade shows that the adhesive force of the paint film is optimal, and the 5 grade shows that the adhesive force of the paint film is worst;
and (2) test II: carrying out surface resistance test on the painted test plate according to HG/T3331-2012 'insulating paint film volume resistivity and surface resistivity measurement method', wherein the unit is omega;
and (3) test III: surface overburning test: observing whether the surface of the painted test plate has a melting phenomenon, wherein the melting phenomenon is overburning if the surface of the painted test plate has the melting phenomenon, and the overburning phenomenon is not generated if the surface of the painted test plate has the melting phenomenon;
and (4) testing: the surface tension test was carried out on the painted test panels according to DB 44/T1232-2013 contact Angle method of test methods for determining the surface tension of solid coatings, substrates and pigments, in mN/m.
Examples
Example 1
A paint spraying process for a vehicle door switch panel comprises the following steps:
(1) pretreatment: carrying out oil and dirt removal, surface flame treatment and electrostatic dust removal on the surface of the panel to be coated;
oil and stain removal: wiping the surface of the panel by using isopropanol, and removing a release agent on the surface of the panel;
the surface flame treatment makes the surface tension of the panel be more than 40 dyne, and the surface static voltage be less than 600V, and is implemented by the following steps:
s1, adjusting the flame spray gun to the display temperature of 400 ℃, placing the panel in flame outer flame, setting the processing time to be 6S, and raising the surface temperature of the panel to 60 ℃;
s2, adjusting the flame spray gun to the display temperature of 2000 ℃;
s3, placing the panel in flame, wherein the distance between the panel and the flame root is 200mm, the processing time is set to be 3S, and the surface temperature of the panel is increased to 130 ℃;
electrostatic dust removal: and placing the panel in an ion fan to remove static electricity.
(2) Spraying a primer: spraying a conductive primer on the surface of the panel subjected to electrostatic dust removal by using a primer spray gun, wherein the thickness of the coating is 2mm, leveling for 3min, and repeating twice to form a primer coating;
(3) spraying color paint: spraying a colored paint by using a colored paint spray gun, wherein the thickness of the coating is 50mm, and leveling for 10min to form a colored paint coating;
(4) spraying varnish: spraying varnish by using a varnish spray gun, wherein the thickness of the coating is 50mm, and leveling for 15min to form a varnish coating;
(5) drying: and flatly placing the panel sprayed with the varnish into an electrothermal blowing constant-temperature drying oven, setting the temperature to be 85 ℃ and setting the time to be 35 min.
Wherein the fuel used by the flame spray gun is propane;
primer coating: the paint is prepared from Basf JC50-9070 primer and Basf 352-91 diluent according to the weight ratio of 1: 2, and the surface resistance is 10 by detection 7 Omega, viscosity measured at 20 ℃ was 8 s.
Comparative example 1
A door switch panel paint spraying process is different from the embodiment 1 in that the pretreatment process is different, and the door switch panel paint spraying process is processed by the following steps:
s1, oil removal and decontamination;
s2, placing the panel subjected to oil and stain removal into a preheating furnace for preheating, wherein the temperature is set to be 200 ℃, the time is set to be 5min, and the surface temperature of the panel is increased to 60 ℃;
s3, putting the preheated panel into a cleaning chamber for cleaning, wherein the temperature is set to be 40 ℃, and the humidity is set to be 40%;
s4, flame treatment: adjusting the flame spray gun to the display temperature of 1200 ℃, placing the panel in flame outer flame, and treating for 6s to ensure that the surface temperature of the panel is raised to 130 ℃, the surface tension of the panel reaches 40 dynes, and the surface electrostatic voltage is less than 600V.
Comparative example 2
A door switch panel paint spraying process is different from that of embodiment 1 in that a surface flame treatment method is different, and in steps S1 and S2, panels are subjected to flame treatment in-flame.
Comparative example 3
A paint spraying process for a car door switch panel is different from that of the example 1 in that a 2000 ℃ flame spray gun is used, and the panel is placed outside flame for 9 s.
Example 2
A door switch panel paint spraying process is different from the process of embodiment 1 in that a surface flame treatment method is different, in step S1, the treatment time is 8S, the treatment is repeated twice, and the interval between the two times is 10S; in step S3, the processing time is 1.5S, and the processing is repeated twice with an interval of 10S.
Example 3
A door switch panel paint spraying process is different from the process of embodiment 1 in that a surface flame treatment method is different, in step S1, the treatment time is 5S, the process is repeated three times, and the interval between the two times is 10S; in step S3, the processing is repeated three times with an interval of 10 seconds between the two times for a period of 1S.
Example 4
A door switch panel paint spraying process is different from the process of embodiment 1 in that a surface flame treatment method is different, in step S1, the treatment time is 10S, the process is repeated three times, and the interval between the two times is 10S; in step S3, the processing time 2S is repeated three times with an interval of 10S between the two times.
TABLE 1 results of performance tests in examples 1 to 4 and comparative examples 1 to 3
As can be seen from the data in Table 1, in examples 1-4, the surface tension of the panel can reach 41.8mN/m at most and the adhesive force grade reaches 2 grade by sequentially placing the panel in the outer flame and the inner flame for burning. In contrast, in comparative example 2, the surface tension was only 40.1mN/m and the adhesion rating was only 3 since the panel was always fired by flame. Therefore, the surface tension of the panel after flame external flame treatment is large, and the adhesion of the primer is better.
In embodiment 1, the panel is placed in the flame out flame for ignition in step S1, and the shielding material on the surface of the panel is directly removed by high temperature ignition while the panel is preheated, so that the preheating and cleaning processes in comparative example 1 are simplified, and the efficiency is improved. Compared with the comparative example 1, the surface tension of the flame treatment process in the example 1 is 41.3mN/m, which is higher than the surface tension of the flame treatment process in the comparative example 1, so that the flame treatment process is a high-efficiency treatment process with good tension lifting effect.
Comparing the test results of the embodiment 1 and the comparative example 3, it can be seen that the excessive burning phenomenon is generated on the surface of the panel in the comparative example 3 because the panel is always placed in the flame for burning, and thus, the method of firstly burning the outer flame and then burning the inner flame can be controlled, and the excessive burning phenomenon on the surface of the panel can be reduced.
Example 5
A vehicle door switch panel paint spraying process is different from embodiment 3 in that a flame surface treatment method is different, and the distance between the surface of a panel and the root of flame is 20 mm.
Example 6
A car door switch panel paint spraying process is different from that of embodiment 3 in that a flame surface treatment method is different, and the distance between the surface of a panel and the root of flame is 40 mm.
Example 7
A car door switch panel paint spraying process is different from the car door switch panel paint spraying process in embodiment 3 in that a flame surface treatment method is different, and the distance between the surface of a panel and the root of flame is 60 mm.
Example 8
A car door switch panel paint spraying process is different from the car door switch panel paint spraying process in embodiment 3 in that a flame surface treatment method is different, and the distance between the surface of a panel and the root of flame is 80 mm.
Example 9
A car door switch panel paint spraying process is different from the car door switch panel paint spraying process in embodiment 3 in that a flame surface treatment method is different, and the distance between the surface of a panel and the root of flame is 100 mm.
TABLE 2 results of Performance test in example 1 and comparative examples 5 to 9
Examples 5-9 differ from example 3 in the spacing between the face plate surface and the flame base.
As can be seen from the data in Table 2, the surface tension measured in examples 5 to 9 was raised by 0.3 to 0.6mN/m as compared with example 1, thereby showing that when the panel was placed at a distance of 20 to 100mm between its surface and the root of the flame, the surface tension of the panel was raised, thereby improving the adhesion. Wherein the optimal spacing is 60 mm.
Example 10
A door switch panel paint spraying process is different from the process of embodiment 7 in that equal amount of mixed gas of oxygen and acetylene gas is used for replacing propane, and the volume ratio of the oxygen to the acetylene gas is 2.5: 1.
Example 11
A door switch panel paint spraying process, which is different from the embodiment 10 in that the volume ratio of oxygen to acetylene gas is 2.7: 1.
Example 12
A door switch panel paint spraying process, which is different from the embodiment 10 in that the volume ratio of oxygen to acetylene gas is 2.8: 1.
Example 13
A door switch panel paint spraying process, which is different from the embodiment 10 in that the volume ratio of oxygen to acetylene gas is 2.9: 1.
Example 14
A door switch panel paint spraying process, which is different from the embodiment 10 in that the volume ratio of oxygen to acetylene gas is 3: 1.
TABLE 3 results of Performance test in example 7 and comparative examples 10 to 14
Example 10 is different from example 7 in that a mixed gas in which equal amounts of oxygen and acetylene gases are mixed in a volume ratio of 2.5:1 is used instead of propane, and examples 11 to 14 are different from example 10 in that the volume ratio of oxygen to acetylene gases is different.
As is clear from the data in Table 3, the surface tensions measured in examples 10 to 14 were further improved by 0.8 to 1.2mN/m as compared with example 7. Therefore, the mixed gas of acetylene gas and oxygen, especially the oxidizing flame when the oxygen is excessive, is used for burning the surface of the panel, so that the surface tension of the panel can be further improved, and the adhesive force is further improved. Wherein the optimal volume ratio is 2.8: 1.
Example 15
A door switch panel paint spraying process is different from that of the embodiment 12 in that the thickness of a primer is different, and in the embodiment, the thickness of a single primer layer is 3 mu m.
Example 16
A door switch panel paint spraying process is different from that of the embodiment 12 in that the thickness of a primer is different, and in the embodiment, the thickness of a single-layer primer is 4 mu m.
Example 17
A door switch panel paint spraying process is different from that of the embodiment 12 in that the thickness of a primer is different, and in the embodiment, the thickness of a single primer layer is 5 mu m.
Example 18
A door switch panel paint spraying process is different from that of the embodiment 12 in that the thickness of a primer is different, and in the embodiment, the thickness of a single-layer primer is 6 mu m.
Example 19
A door switch panel paint spraying process is different from that of the embodiment 12 in that the thickness of a primer is different, and in the embodiment, the thickness of a single-layer primer is 7 mu m.
TABLE 4 results of Performance test in example 12 and comparative examples 15 to 19
Examples 15-19 differ from example 12 in the thickness of the single layer primer. When the thickness of the primer is too small, the spraying amount of the primer is too small, and the problem of poor bonding between the primer and the surface of the panel exists, so that the thickness of the primer is increased within a certain range, and the adhesive force between the primer and the surface of the panel can be increased to a certain extent. However, the thickness of the primer should not be too large, and when the spraying amount of the primer is too large, the defect that the surface of the primer is not well dried and the primer is easy to sag and bite exists, so that the apparent quality of the panel is affected. When the thickness of the single-layer primer is 3-7 mu m, the surface effect of the panel is better.
Example 20
A door switch panel paint spraying process is different from that of the embodiment 17 in that the use condition of a conductive primer is different, and in the embodiment, the resistance of the conductive primer is 10 5 Ω。
Example 21
A door switch panel paint spraying process, which is different from the embodiment 20 in that in the embodiment, the resistance of the conductive primer is 5 x 10 5 Ω。
Example 22
A door switch panel paint spraying process, which is different from the embodiment 20 in that in the embodiment, the resistance of the conductive primer is 10 6 Ω。
Example 23
A door opening and closing panel paint spraying process which is different from that of example 21 in that the weight ratio of the primer to the thinner is 1: 0.7.
Example 24
A door opening and closing panel paint spraying process which is different from that of example 23 in that the weight ratio of the primer to the thinner is 1: 0.9.
Example 25
A door opening and closing panel paint spraying process which is different from that of example 23 in that the weight ratio of a primer to a thinner is 1: 1.
Example 26
A door opening and closing panel paint spraying process is different from that of embodiment 24 in the use condition of a primer, wherein in the embodiment, the viscosity of the primer is 11s at 20 ℃.
Example 27
A door opening and closing panel paint spraying process is different from that of the embodiment 26 in that the viscosity of a primer is 13s at 20 ℃ in the embodiment.
Example 28
A door opening and closing panel paint spraying process is different from that of the embodiment 26 in that the viscosity of a primer is 15s at 20 ℃ in the embodiment.
TABLE 4 results of Performance test in example 17 and comparative examples 20 to 28
Examples 20-22 differ from example 17 in the resistance value of the primer; examples 23-25 differ from example 21 in the weight ratio of primer to diluent; examples 26-28 differ from example 24 in the viscosity of the primer.
As can be seen from the data in Table 4, the adhesion of the paint films obtained in examples 20-28 was improved to 0 grade, compared to example 17, and the adhesion of the paint film to the panel surface was further improved. This shows that the primer resistance value is 10 5 -10 6 Omega, the primer is a mixed solution of the primer and a thinner according to the weight ratio of 1 (0.7-1.0), and the viscosity of the primer is at 20 DEG CThe adhesive force of the primer can be further improved in the paint spraying process of the application when the adhesive force is 11-15 s.
Examples 29 to 32
A door opening and closing panel spray painting process was different from example 27 in the thickness of the primer, the color paint and the clear paint, each thickness being as shown in Table 5.
TABLE 5 results of Performance test in example 27 and comparative examples 29 to 32
As is clear from the data in Table 5, the adhesion of the paint films measured in comparative example 27 and examples 29 to 32 are all 0 grade, and the surfaces have no seizing, no sagging, no orange peel and no slag point, while the total thickness of the paint film in example 27 is large, so that the paint film has micro-sagging phenomenon. Therefore, the prepared panel has good surface appearance and optimal comprehensive performance when the total thickness of the double-layer primer, the colored paint and the varnish is 40-100 mu m and the thickness ratio of the total thickness of the double-layer primer, the colored paint and the varnish is 1 (1-3) to (2-3).
The present embodiment is only for explaining the present application, and it is not limited to the present application, and those skilled in the art can make modifications of the present embodiment without inventive contribution as needed after reading the present specification, but all of them are protected by patent law within the scope of the claims of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. The paint spraying process for the switch panel of the vehicle door is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) pretreatment: carrying out oil and dirt removal, surface flame treatment and electrostatic dust removal on the surface of the panel to be coated;
wherein, the surface flame treatment makes the surface tension of the panel more than 40 dynes and the surface static voltage less than 600V, and the surface flame treatment comprises the following steps:
s1, placing the panel in flame outer flame to raise the surface temperature of the panel to 60-80 ℃;
s2, raising the temperature of the flame spray gun to 2000-2500 ℃;
s3, placing the panel in flame inner flame to raise the surface temperature of the panel to 130-150 ℃;
(2) spraying a primer: spraying a double-layer conductive primer on the surface of the panel subjected to electrostatic dust removal to form a primer coating;
(3) spraying color paint: spraying color paint to form a color paint coating;
(4) spraying varnish: spraying varnish to form a varnish coating;
(5) and (5) drying.
2. The vehicle door switch panel paint spraying process according to claim 1, characterized in that: in step S1, the processing time is 5-8S, and the steps are repeated for three times; in step S2, the process is repeated three times for a period of 1-2S.
3. The vehicle door switch panel paint spraying process according to claim 2, characterized in that: in step S2, the distance between the surface of the panel and the root of the flame is 20-100 mm.
4. The vehicle door switch panel paint spraying process according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the flame treatment in the step (1), mixed gas of oxygen and acetylene gas is adopted, and the volume ratio of the oxygen to the acetylene gas is (2.5-3): 1.
5. The vehicle door switch panel paint spraying process according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step (2), the thickness of the single-layer primer coating is 3-7 mu m.
6. The vehicle door switch panel paint spraying process according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step (2), the surface resistance of the primer is 10 5 -10 6 Ω。
7. The vehicle door switch panel paint spraying process according to claim 6, characterized in that: in the step (2), the conductive primer is a mixture of a primer and a diluent according to the weight ratio of 1 (0.7-1.0).
8. The vehicle door switch panel paint spraying process according to claim 6, characterized in that: in the step (2), the viscosity of the primer is 11-15s at 20 ℃.
9. The vehicle door switch panel paint spraying process according to claim 1, characterized in that: the total thickness of the two-layer primer, the color paint and the varnish is 40-100 mu m.
10. The vehicle door opening and closing panel paint spraying process according to claim 9, characterized in that: the ratio of the total thickness of the double-layer primer to the thickness of the colored paint to the varnish is 1 (1-3) to 2-3.
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