CN113262970A - Polyurethane elastomer spraying method - Google Patents
Polyurethane elastomer spraying method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN113262970A CN113262970A CN202110508899.8A CN202110508899A CN113262970A CN 113262970 A CN113262970 A CN 113262970A CN 202110508899 A CN202110508899 A CN 202110508899A CN 113262970 A CN113262970 A CN 113262970A
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- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- spraying
- polyurethane elastomer
- substrate
- coating
- polyurethane
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D7/24—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D1/02—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by spraying
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D1/36—Successively applying liquids or other fluent materials, e.g. without intermediate treatment
- B05D1/38—Successively applying liquids or other fluent materials, e.g. without intermediate treatment with intermediate treatment
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D3/04—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by exposure to gases
- B05D3/0406—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by exposure to gases the gas being air
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D3/12—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by mechanical means
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D7/50—Multilayers
- B05D7/52—Two layers
- B05D7/54—No clear coat specified
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D2202/00—Metallic substrate
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D2203/00—Other substrates
- B05D2203/20—Wood or similar material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D2350/00—Pretreatment of the substrate
- B05D2350/30—Change of the surface
- B05D2350/33—Roughening
- B05D2350/38—Roughening by mechanical means
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D2503/00—Polyurethanes
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a polyurethane elastomer spraying method. The method comprises the steps of substrate treatment, primer coating and surface layer spraying, and is characterized in that the polyurethane elastomer is a semi-solid polyurethane coating material consisting of a polyisocyanate component and amino-terminated polyether oligomer; and the surface layer spraying step adopts high-pressure and impact mixed spraying equipment for coating. The method is safe, simple and healthy, does not contain any Volatile Organic Compound (VOC), and is environment-friendly. The paint can be quickly cured without a diluent, and a surface paint coating with the thickness of several millimeters to a thicker layer can be formed at one time.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for coating the surface of a substrate, in particular to a method for spraying polyurethane elastomer.
Background
There are many kinds of processes for coating polyurethane elastomers on substrates such as metal, wood, ceramics, rubber and plastic sponge, and there are baking finish process and spray painting process.
The baking finish process is to spray a plurality of layers of priming paint and finish paint after the base material polished to a certain roughness is subjected to rust removal, oil removal and adhesion promoter soaking treatment, namely, a spray gun is used for spraying a layer of thin paint with excellent adhesive force, good abrasion resistance and external force impact resistance, excellent water resistance, salt mist resistance, damp and heat resistance and rich colors on the surface of the base material. Among the coating materials that meet the above requirements are polyurethane materials. The polyurethane material has rich colors, can be called out according to any color and can be made into a model.
Although the polyurethane baking finish has the advantages, the process is complicated, and if the coating is thick and small flaws on the embryo substrate are covered, multiple layers of primer are sprayed, the thickness of the coating is only a few micrometers (mum) each time, and the coating gradually accumulates to the required thickness, and generally needs a few millimeters (mm). In addition, each time of painting, the painting is sent into a dust-free constant-temperature baking room for high-temperature baking and shaping, the surface of the base material needs to be cleaned and dried, and pretreatment processes such as sand blasting or phosphating are generally adopted.
In addition to the paint baking process, there are many other spray processes such as arc spraying, flame spraying, ion spraying, explosion spraying, electrostatic spraying, and the like. By using the spraying technology, coatings with wear resistance, corrosion resistance, heat insulation, electric conduction, insulation, sealing, lubrication and other special physical and chemical properties can be obtained on various substrates. The spraying operation has high production efficiency, is suitable for manual operation and industrial automatic production, has wide application range, and is mainly applied to the fields of hardware, plastic cement, furniture, military industry, ships and the like. However, the operation of the spraying process needs a dust-free workshop of which the number is millions to hundreds, and the spraying equipment comprises a spray gun, a spray booth, a paint supply room, a curing oven/drying oven, spraying workpiece conveying operation equipment, fog and waste water elimination and waste gas treatment equipment and the like.
The main problems of these spray methods are that the highly dispersed paint mist and the volatilized solvent pollute the environment, are not beneficial to human health, waste paint and cause economic losses.
Although the low atomization air pressure and low air jet velocity improve the situation that the atomized paint bounces off the surface of the coated object in the large-flow low-pressure atomization spraying process, the explosion risk is huge because of the flammable and combustible atomized paint and the solvent vapor which are diffused in the air in a large range.
The painting operation uses flammable paints containing large amounts of solvent, which are prone to form explosive mixtures under conditions requiring rapid drying, due to solvent vapors that evaporate into the air. Especially, electrostatic painting is carried out under high voltage of over 60 KV, the distance between the painting nozzle and the workpiece to be painted is within 250 mm, spark discharge is easy to occur, and inflammable steam is ignited.
Chinese patent application No. CN105710022A discloses a method for spraying polyurethane on a plastic substrate. The method has more complex steps, including: heating plastic products → ionizing air for dedusting → spraying primer in air → leveling → spraying finish in air → leveling for 10 minutes (min) → drying; the method adopts 2-3 times of priming paint spraying; the method adopts electrostatic spraying of primer.
The technical scheme has the defects of complex flow; spraying the primer for multiple times for the thickness of the coating; repeated curing and drying are required; the electrostatic spraying mode adopted by the method is a dangerous process treatment mode.
Chinese patent application No. CN105080808A discloses a coating method of polyurethane paint, which is also complicated, and the method is repeated coating and drying.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art, the present invention provides:
a method for coating thicker coating layer at one time;
a method for quick drying without drying;
a simple polyurethane elastomer coating method;
a safe polyurethane elastomer coating method.
The invention adopts solvent-free semisolid polyurethane elastomer surface spraying material and high-pressure and impact mixed spraying equipment to coat the sprayed polyurethane elastomer material on a base material (wood, metal, foamed sponge and other common medical materials). The method can replace the traditional surface treatment process such as leather or fabric coating and the like.
The semisolid polyurethane elastomer adopted by the invention is converted into liquid from semisolid at the temperature of more than 45 ℃.
The impact force of the high-pressure and impact mixed spraying equipment adopted by the invention is 1000-.
The invention has the following advantages:
(1) the paint can be quickly cured without a diluent, and can be sprayed and formed on any curved surface, inclined surface and vertical surface for several seconds, for example: the rapid solidification can be realized within 3-30S, and the higher initial forming strength can be achieved within 5-10 minutes.
(2) The paint is not sensitive to moisture and humidity, and is not influenced by the ambient temperature and humidity during construction.
(3) The coating has 100 percent of solid content, does not contain any Volatile Organic Compound (VOC) and is environment-friendly.
(4) Has excellent physical and chemical properties, such as tensile strength, elongation, flexibility, wear resistance and aging resistance.
(5) Has good thermal stability, can be used for a long time at 100 ℃, and can bear long-term erosion of grease, sweat and edible acid and alkali.
In addition, the solvent-free semisolid polyurethane elastomer surface spraying material is adopted, and various adverse factors of the solvent-containing spraying material in the prior art, such as flammability, explosiveness, environmental pollution and the like, are avoided.
Because the invention adopts the semi-solid coating material, the surface paint coating with the thickness of several millimeters mm to be thicker can be formed at one time through the polymerization reaction of rapid curing.
The coating materials of the prior art contain a considerable amount of solvent in order to ensure the fluidity of the coating material, which reduces the concentration of the polyurethane elastomer, so that the solvent evaporates after each spraying, leaving a limited thickness of polyurethane on the coated material, only in the order of microns μm for each application, requiring multiple spraying for increasing the thickness.
Since the polyurethane elastomer coating of the present invention contains no solvent, it can be cured rapidly. Usually, the time for spraying the polyurethane elastomer surface coating material from liquid state to solid state is only a few seconds, and compared with the curing time of natural air drying of polyurethane in a baking room or paint spraying in a paint baking process, the curing time is greatly shortened.
In both the baking process and the spraying process, liquid substances with good miscibility with the resin are added for reducing the viscosity of the resin and improving the process performance, while no diluent is added in the polyurethane elastomer spraying material of the invention.
Compared with paint, the soft polyurethane body spray coating has the advantages of less toxic substances, less (better) volatility and less harm to the environment and operators.
Compared with paint, the polyurethane elastomer spraying material is more environment-friendly and safer.
The polyurethane elastomer spraying process comprises the steps of substrate treatment, primer coating and surface layer spraying.
The substrate treatment comprises the treatment of substrate surface oil removal, rust removal, surface defect removal (shot blasting, sand blasting, phosphating) and the like. The substrate may be a porous elastic substrate, a metal substrate and a wood substrate. The substrate treatment is to improve the coating adhesion and corrosion resistance, and the key to coating is that the substrate surface is well treated.
The primer coating is carried out after the substrate treatment. If multiple applications of primer are required, the primer recoat interval is 3-24 hours.
The surface layer spraying adopts a high-pressure and impact mixed spraying mode. The polyurethane elastomer surface layer is sprayed within 3-168 hours after the primer is coated. Before spraying, the surface is blown off with dry, high-pressure air. The high pressure and impact mixed spraying can coat a coating layer with the thickness of 2mm at one time. If the coating is sprayed in a high-efficiency positive pressure clean room, a coating with higher surface quality can be obtained.
Detailed Description
In one embodiment of the present invention, the semi-solid polyurethane elastomeric material is a semi-solid polyurethane elastomeric material comprised of a polyisocyanate component and an amino terminated polyether oligomer.
In one embodiment of the invention, the semi-solid polyurethane elastomeric material is a polyurea coating.
In one embodiment of the invention, the semi-solid polyurethane elastomeric material is a polyurea coating and the substrate is a porous elastomeric substrate. The step of treating the porous elastic substrate comprises detecting whether the coating film on the surface of the substrate is complete. If the substrate has exposed holes, the substrate is repaired by sealant to ensure the surface of the substrate to be flat and smooth. Then, brushing or spraying a matched primer.
In one embodiment of the invention, the polyurethane elastomeric material is a polyurea coating and the substrate is a metal substrate. The metal substrate treatment step comprises: firstly, the substrate is treated by sand blasting, the defective parts with welding seams and the like are leveled by using epoxy putty, the whole substrate can be in smooth transition, the epoxy putty is ground by using an angle grinder after being cured, then the substrate is cleaned, and finally, two matched primers are sprayed or brushed.
In one embodiment of the invention, the polyurethane elastomeric material is a polyurea coating and the substrate is a wood substrate. The wood substrate treating step comprises: leveling the surface of the wooden structural part, blocking the seam part, grinding the cured seam blocking material by using an angle grinder, removing dirt on the surface, and finally brushing or spraying a matched primer.
In one embodiment of the invention, the surrounding environment condition is considered before the surface layer is sprayed, and the plastic film is used for shielding the objects which are possibly polluted around, so that the protection work of the surrounding environment is well done.
In one embodiment of the invention, the process conditions for spraying the surface layer are as follows:
1) the temperature of the field environment is 10-30 ℃;
2) the temperature of the substrate is 5 ℃ higher than the dew point;
3) the on-site relative humidity is less than 80%.
In one embodiment of the invention, the surface layer spraying adopts a high-pressure and impact mixed spraying device, and the working parameters of the device are as follows:
temperature of the main heater: 70-75 ℃;
long tube heat preservation temperature: 60-70 ℃;
pressure of the material lifting pump: 80-90 psi R;
the air pressure is 80-90 psi;
dynamic pressure: 2000-2400 psi;
when spraying, the distance between the spraying equipment and the object to be sprayed is 100-600 mm.
The description of the present invention is intended to be illustrative, but not exhaustive, of all embodiments. The description of the present invention and the claims do not limit the present invention. Many other variations of the same principles and which would be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art are within the scope of the invention.
Claims (13)
1. A polyurethane elastomer spraying method, said method comprises the substrate treatment, priming paint coating and surface course spraying step, its characteristic is that said polyurethane elastomer is the semisolid polyurethane coating material composed of polyisocyanate component and end-capped polyether oligomer of amino; and the surface layer spraying step adopts high-pressure and impact mixed spraying equipment for coating.
2. A polyurethane elastomer spray coating method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the semi-solid polyurethane coating material has a chemical reaction substance of 100% and a volatile solvent content of 0.
3. A polyurethane elastomer spray coating process as claimed in claim 1 wherein said polyurethane elastomer is a polyurea coating.
4. A method of spraying the polyurethane elastomer as claimed in claim 1, wherein the substrate treatment comprises degreasing, derusting and removing surface defects on the substrate surface.
5. A method of spraying a polyurethane elastomer as claimed in claim 1 wherein said substrate is a porous elastomeric substrate and said step of treating said porous elastomeric substrate comprises testing the integrity of the coating on the surface of the substrate and repairing the exposed pores, if any, with a sealant and then brushing or spraying a primer coating thereon.
6. A method of spraying a polyurethane elastomer as claimed in claim 1 wherein said substrate is a metal substrate and said metal substrate is treated by a process comprising: sand blasting the substrate, leveling the weld joint and other defect parts with epoxy putty, grinding the epoxy putty after curing, cleaning the substrate, and finally spraying or brushing two matched primers.
7. A method of spraying a polyurethane elastomer as claimed in claim 1 wherein the substrate is a wood substrate and the step of treating the wood substrate comprises: leveling the surface of a wooden substrate, plugging the part needing plugging, grinding the cured plugging material by using an angle grinder, removing dirt on the surface, and finally brushing or spraying a matched primer.
8. A method of spraying a polyurethane elastomer as claimed in claim 1 wherein the primer recoating interval is 3 to 24 hours.
9. The polyurethane elastomer spraying method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the surface layer spraying is performed by using a solvent-free solid polyurethane elastomer surface spraying material and a high-pressure impact mixed spraying device, and the polyurethane elastomer surface layer spraying is performed within 3 to 168 hours after the primer coating.
10. A polyurethane elastomer spray coating process as claimed in claim 5 wherein the surface is dusted with dry high pressure air prior to spraying of the facing layer.
11. A polyurethane elastomer spray coating method as claimed in claim 5, wherein a coating layer of 2mm thickness is applied at a time in the top coat spray coating.
12. The polyurethane elastomer spraying method of claim 5, wherein the surface layer spraying process conditions are as follows: the temperature of the field environment is 10-30 ℃; the temperature of the substrate is 5 ℃ higher than the dew point; the on-site relative humidity is less than 80%.
13. A polyurethane elastomer spray coating method as claimed in claim 5, wherein the operating parameters of the high pressure impingement mixing spray coating device are: temperature of the main heater: 70-75 ℃; long tube heat preservation temperature: 60-70 ℃; pressure of the material lifting pump: 80-90 psi R; the air pressure is 80-90 psi; dynamic pressure: 2000-2400psi, and the distance between the spraying equipment and the sprayed object is 200-600 mm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110508899.8A CN113262970A (en) | 2021-05-11 | 2021-05-11 | Polyurethane elastomer spraying method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110508899.8A CN113262970A (en) | 2021-05-11 | 2021-05-11 | Polyurethane elastomer spraying method |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN113262970A true CN113262970A (en) | 2021-08-17 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110508899.8A Pending CN113262970A (en) | 2021-05-11 | 2021-05-11 | Polyurethane elastomer spraying method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN113262970A (en) |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101302394A (en) * | 2008-06-19 | 2008-11-12 | 青岛佳联化工新材料有限公司 | Aliphatic spray polyurea elastomer, preparation and construction method thereof |
| CN102312582A (en) * | 2011-07-12 | 2012-01-11 | 江苏天誉建材检验有限公司 | Construction method for applying polyurea to old flexible waterproof roof for renovation transformation |
| CN110564276A (en) * | 2019-09-02 | 2019-12-13 | 中国科学院长春应用化学研究所 | Bi-component polyurea coating and application thereof |
-
2021
- 2021-05-11 CN CN202110508899.8A patent/CN113262970A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101302394A (en) * | 2008-06-19 | 2008-11-12 | 青岛佳联化工新材料有限公司 | Aliphatic spray polyurea elastomer, preparation and construction method thereof |
| CN102312582A (en) * | 2011-07-12 | 2012-01-11 | 江苏天誉建材检验有限公司 | Construction method for applying polyurea to old flexible waterproof roof for renovation transformation |
| CN110564276A (en) * | 2019-09-02 | 2019-12-13 | 中国科学院长春应用化学研究所 | Bi-component polyurea coating and application thereof |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 朱毅等: "《家具表面涂饰》", vol. 1, 东北林业大学出版社, pages: 83 * |
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