Construction method of double-layer template of uniform-section thin-wall hollow pier
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of bridge pier column construction, and particularly relates to construction of a constant-section thin-wall hollow pier.
Background
Traffic engineering is built on a large scale, particularly the highway bridge tunneling ratio in mountain areas is higher and higher, and the mass of the high pier stud is huge in the highway construction of Yun Guigao. Thin-walled hollow piers of more than 40m are very common as highways evolve toward deep mountain canyons. At present, the construction templates used for the high pier column mainly comprise a turnover template, a sliding template and a climbing template, each template is required to be removed and installed during turnover template construction, and the construction templates are manually removed and installed in cooperation with a tower crane, so that the safety risk of high-altitude operation is high, and the construction efficiency is low due to frequent disassembly and assembly of the templates. The climbing formwork construction has higher mechanization degree, but the climbing formwork equipment has high cost and lower construction efficiency due to the influence of the concrete age after the formwork is lifted and re-assembled after the concrete is fully solidified and the formwork is separated from the concrete surface, and the average speed of the climbing formwork and the climbing formwork in the construction of the thin-wall hollow pier is difficult to exceed 1m per day. The construction of the sliding formwork is very efficient because the formwork directly slides on the surface of the insufficiently solidified concrete, and the construction is not affected by age, but the formwork directly rubs on the surface of the insufficiently solidified concrete, so that the appearance quality of the pier stud is poor or quality defects exist. A pier column construction process with high efficiency and quality safety is a new market demand. Based on the advantages of the existing turnover formwork, climbing formwork and sliding formwork, a brand new high pier stud construction technology is developed, and the construction technology has considerable economic and social values.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a high-efficiency construction method of a constant-section thin-wall hollow pier, which can realize the high-efficiency construction of the thin-wall hollow pier and ensure the construction quality of pier columns including the appearance quality of concrete.
The invention discloses a construction method of a double-layer template system of a constant-section thin-wall hollow pier, which is characterized in that an outer ring template system 12 and an inner ring template system 16 are lifted by a wedge jack, a polytetrafluoroethylene module at the lower part is continuously exposed from the lower part, and then the template system is manually disassembled and then mounted to the upper part to realize the recycling of an inner template, and the construction method is as follows:
step 1, a thin-wall hollow pier is generally provided with a solid section of 2m-2.5m on a bearing platform, the installation position of a peripheral ring template is positioned by measuring pay-off, a peripheral ring template system and an upper operation platform are installed, a polytetrafluoroethylene flat module 22 is assembled and adsorbed on the surface of the peripheral ring template, a support rod is inserted into a wedge jack 4, concrete is poured inside the polytetrafluoroethylene module after pier column steel bars are installed, after final solidification, the wedge jack can be synchronously supplied with oil to lift the peripheral ring template system, the polytetrafluoroethylene inner module is continuously installed at the upper part of the peripheral ring template, steel bars and poured concrete are continuously installed in the pier column, a countersunk bolt is manually unscrewed after the lower polytetrafluoroethylene flat module 22 is completely separated from the peripheral ring template, the polytetrafluoroethylene module is removed, and when the rising height of the peripheral ring template reaches 2m, the peripheral ring is installed to hang the operation platform;
step 2, when the outer ring template system is lifted to the top of the solid section, the position of the inner ring template is positioned by measurement, the inner ring template system and an upper operation platform are installed, and then a polytetrafluoroethylene straight module 22 and a corner module 23 are installed in the steel template; then installing steel bars between polytetrafluoroethylene internal molds and pouring concrete, and then installing the steel bars first and then lifting the steel form system of the enclosure, wherein the polytetrafluoroethylene internal modules outside and in the inner cavity are continuously dismantled and installed above after the lower part of the enclosure steel form is exposed, so that the construction of the pier wall is continuously and circularly carried out upwards;
step 3, after the inner enclosure steel mould system reaches the position of the diaphragm plate, the inner cavity template system is directly lifted up by 2m along the climbing rod, the diaphragm plate is poured by adopting a conventional method, and after the inner cavity passes through the section of the diaphragm plate, the hollow section pouring is realized by continuously adopting lifting of the enclosure mould and dismounting and mounting circulation of the polytetrafluoroethylene module; the peripheral ring template is lifted and circulated to the pier top all the time;
and 4, after the inner cavity template system finishes pouring of the last cavity pier wall, lifting the enclosure steel mould system to support by adopting a profile steel crosspiece, and then after the inner cavity steel mould system is disassembled, conveying all parts to the ground by adopting a tower crane. And after the peripheral ring steel mould system is lifted to the pier top, continuously climbing the peripheral ring until the peripheral ring is separated from the pier top to remove all polytetrafluoroethylene modules, fastening the whole set of outer steel mould system by adopting a traction lifting system of the pier top, removing a lifting frame and cutting a supporting rod exceeding the pier top, lowering the whole set of outer mould system to the ground by adopting the pier top lifting system, and removing the whole set of outer mould system, wherein a polytetrafluoroethylene plate with the thickness of 2mm is padded around the peripheral ring mould in the lowering process.
The periphery of the constant-section thin-wall hollow pier adopts a truss enclosure, a lifting frame, a hydraulic jack, an oil pump and the like to form a supporting framework of an outer template and has lifting power, the integral lifting of the enclosure is realized through the lifting frame embedded in the pier column, the outer enclosure steel template is solidified on the outer enclosure truss, and the outer enclosure steel template system is integrally lifted on the lifting frame through the block type jack; the inner cavity of the thin-wall hollow pier forms an inner cavity steel mould through a truss enclosure, a thin steel plate, a lifting frame, a hydraulic jack, an oil pump and the like, an outer steel mould and the inner cavity steel mould form a pier wall pouring stress system, a layer of inner mould assembled by polytetrafluoroethylene modularized plates is arranged on the surfaces of the outer steel mould and the inner cavity steel membrane, the inner mould is arranged between concrete and the steel mould, the inner mould is fixed relative to the concrete, after the steel mould is lifted, the inner mould is exposed from the lower opening of the steel mould, and then is detached according to blocks and is installed at the upper opening again, so that the inner mould circulation is realized.
The inner template is formed by assembling shaped modularized polytetrafluoroethylene plates on the surface of a steel die and is used for isolating concrete from the steel die, and neodymium magnets are embedded in the polytetrafluoroethylene module plates and can be adsorbed on the surface of the steel die. The sliding friction coefficient between the vertical polytetrafluoroethylene module plate and the steel template is extremely small, a conical bolt hole is reserved at the middle lower part of the polytetrafluoroethylene module plate, a countersunk bolt penetrates through the bolt hole and is connected with a nut on the concrete side, and the nut is embedded in the concrete after concrete is poured, so that the polytetrafluoroethylene module plate is fixed on the concrete surface, and circulation is realized by continuously disassembling and installing the polytetrafluoroethylene module plate with the exposed lower opening above the steel template in the lifting process of the steel template.
The length of the modularized polytetrafluoroethylene plate is 1.5m-2m, the height of the modularized polytetrafluoroethylene plate is 40cm, the thickness of the modularized polytetrafluoroethylene plate is 6mm-8mm, neodymium magnets are embedded into the polytetrafluoroethylene module plate along the periphery of the plate thickness through uniform square holes, vertical occlusion is realized by arranging concave-convex mortises on the upper edge and the lower edge of the inner template, and the concave-convex mortises can be mutually detached from the horizontal direction. In order to realize that the inner template can slide vertically relative to the outer steel mould and is always fixed on the surface of concrete, wedge-shaped round holes are reserved at the position, which is 100mm away from the lower edge, of the polytetrafluoroethylene module plate, and the wedge-shaped round holes are arranged in the horizontal direction according to the spacing of 50cm-70cm, and embedded countersunk bolts adopt M6 or M8.
And an operation platform, a hydraulic system and a control system are integrated on the peripheral ring steel template system. Wherein the outer steel template system comprises a surrounding ring formed by steel trusses surrounded by four sides, purlines and smooth stainless steel plates are arranged in the surrounding ring, and the thickness of the steel plates is 4mm-5mm. 8-12 inverted L-shaped steel lifting frames are uniformly arranged on the surrounding ring. The lifting frame is formed by welding HN steel, channel steel and steel plates, a wedge jack is arranged at the end head of a channel steel beam, a seamless steel pipe with phi of 48 x 3.5 is penetrated in the middle of the wedge jack, the steel pipe is directly buried in pier column concrete, and a supporting steel pipe can cover pier column steel bars and is filled with cement mortar in the construction process. All jacks are connected to the synchronous oil cylinders through high-pressure oil pipes, synchronous oil supply can be achieved by all the jacks to achieve synchronous lifting, independent oil supply of a single jack is achieved through additional pipelines to achieve leveling in the process, and large prisms are arranged at four corners of the enclosure truss and used for monitoring verticality.
The operation platform is directly arranged below the enclosure, and the operation platform is formed by arranging a bed plate on the enclosure, installing a safety protection railing and a protection net around the enclosure and arranging a skirting board at the bottom of the railing. The hydraulic electromechanical systems are reasonably distributed in the enclosure truss. The lower operation platform is formed by arranging a hanging rod on the surrounding ring to hang a lower cross rod and a bed plate, and installing a guard rail and a guard net. The control system mainly comprises a plane position and a verticality control device, vertical rods are arranged at four corners of the enclosure, the vertical rods are fixed at the same height through transparent scale pipes communicated with each other, the inside of the communication pipe is filled with dyed transparent clean water, whether the enclosure is kept horizontal or not is judged through the water level in the communication pipe, and the enclosure is leveled through an adjusting jack when deviation occurs. Two opposite angles of the enclosure are provided with steel wire rope hammer balls, the weight of the hammer balls is 20kG, the steel wire rope is continuously paid out in the rising process, the fixed ground clearance of the hammer balls is ensured, and the ground clearance of the enclosure is measured at the moment through the length of the paid-out steel wire rope.
The construction of the inner cavity steel mould of the thin-wall hollow pier is similar to that of the outer steel mould, but a hammer ball is not arranged on the inner steel mould system.
The construction method of the equal-section thin-wall hollow pier double-layer system mainly realizes the separation of the vertical lifting and the horizontal supporting functions of the formwork system, and realizes the continuous construction of pier wall concrete by using two layers of formworks. The comparison turnover mould and the climbing mould have the advantages of being not influenced by the age of concrete, the overall construction speed is high, the comparison sliding template construction fundamentally ensures the appearance quality of the concrete, and other advantages of the system are as follows: the manufacturing cost is low, the mechanization degree is high, the mechanism is stable, the operation is simple and convenient, and the method can be widely applied to high pier columns with equal cross sections.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a peripheral loop template system;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an upper operating platform of the peripheral ring template;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a lower operating platform of the peripheral ring template;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an assembly of a peripheral ring template system;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an inner enclosure template system;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the upper and lower operating platforms of the inner enclosure template;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of an inner enclosure template assembly;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a flat module configuration;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a corner module structure;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the assembly of a flat module and a corner module in a constant section thin wall hollow pier;
fig. 11 is a general installation schematic.
In the figure: the lifting device comprises a 1-peripheral ring truss, a 2-reverse L-shaped lifting frame, a 3-peripheral ring steel template, a 4-wedge jack, a 5-embedded supporting rod, a 6-upper operation platform paving plate, a 7-operation platform guardrail, an 8-reserved channel, a 9-lower operation platform paving plate, a 10-lower operation platform suspender, a 11-lower platform guardrail, a 12-peripheral ring template system, a 13-inner ring truss, a 14-inner ring steel template, a 15-inner cavity platform connecting stair, a 16-inner ring template system, a 17-module mortise, a 18-module tenon, a 19-module vertical square hole, a 20-module horizontal square hole, a 21-module reserved conical surface screw hole, a 22-flat module and a 23-corner module.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the drawings and detailed description.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1-11, a double-layer template system of a constant-section thin-wall hollow pier, which consists of an outer circle template system 12 and an inner circle template system 1), and a polytetrafluoroethylene inner module system, wherein the system comprises the following components:
the peripheral ring template system comprises a peripheral ring truss 1 formed by trusses surrounded by four sides in an orthogonal mode, inverted L-shaped lifting frames 2 are uniformly distributed on the peripheral ring truss 1, and a peripheral ring steel template 3 is arranged on the inner side of the peripheral ring truss 1;
the inverted L-shaped lifting frames 2 are uniformly distributed and arranged on the inner periphery truss, and the inner periphery truss 13 of the inner periphery formwork system 16 and the inner periphery steel formwork 14 arranged on the outer side of the inner periphery truss 13 are formed;
wedge type jacks 4 are arranged on the cross beam of the inverted L-shaped lifting frame 2, and support rods 5 are embedded in the vertical direction;
an upper operation platform and a lower operation platform are also arranged on the peripheral ring template system, a guardrail 7 is arranged on the periphery of the operation platform, a platform suspender 10 is arranged on the lower operation platform, and a channel 8 is reserved on the operation platform;
an inner operation platform is arranged in the inner enclosure template system and is divided into an upper part and a lower part which are communicated through a connecting stair 15;
the polytetrafluoroethylene module is divided into a straight module 22 and a corner module 23, wherein the straight module 22 and the corner module 23 are mutually buckled and assembled and are arranged in the inner cavity of the thin-wall hollow pier, and the polytetrafluoroethylene module is arranged outside the thin-wall hollow pier and is formed by assembling the straight module 22 only;
countersunk bolt conical holes 21 are reserved on the straight module 22 and the corner module 23, meanwhile, module vertical square holes 19 are uniformly arranged on the upper edge and the lower edge of the straight module and the corner module in the thickness center, two module horizontal square holes 20 are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side, and square neodymium square magnets are embedded in the square holes.
The aperture of the vertical square holes and the aperture of the horizontal square holes of the module are 10mm, the depths of the vertical square holes and the horizontal square holes are 60mm, the square neodymium magnets are 10mm, 2mm, 50mm, the directions of magnetic poles of the neodymium magnets embedded in all square holes at the upper edge and the lower edge of the module are consistent, and the directions of magnetic poles of the neodymium magnets embedded at the left edge and the right edge are also consistent.
Example 2
The thin-wall hollow pier double-layer template system is shown in fig. 1-11, and mainly comprises an outer circle template system 12, an inner circle template system 16 and polytetrafluoroethylene inner modules 22 and 23. The peripheral ring template system 12 is composed of a peripheral ring steel truss 1, an inverted L-shaped lifting frame 2, a peripheral ring steel template 3, a wedge jack 4 and a buried support rod 5 in the figure I; in the second figure, a platform paving plate 6 is operated on the periphery, a platform guardrail 7 is operated, and a channel 8 is reserved; the lower operation platform of the peripheral ring in the third figure consists of a paving plate 9, a lower operation platform suspender 10 and a lower platform guardrail 11. The inner cavity template system is composed of an inverted L-shaped lifting frame 2, a wedge block type jack 4, a buried supporting rod 5, an inner cavity enclosure steel template 13, an inner cavity enclosure steel template 14, a platform paving plate 6 in a six-up and down inner operation platform diagram, an operation platform guardrail 7, a lower operation platform paving plate 9, a lower operation platform suspender 10, a lower platform guardrail 11 and an inner cavity platform connecting stair 15. The polytetrafluoroethylene internal mold system is integrally assembled to show that the view is formed by assembling polytetrafluoroethylene flat modules 22 and polytetrafluoroethylene corner modules 23 through concave-convex mortises, the polytetrafluoroethylene flat modules 22 are 8mm in thickness as shown in eight polytetrafluoroethylene plates in the view, module concave mortises 17 are formed in the upper edge, the polytetrafluoroethylene flat modules can be vertically locked with other module mortises 18 and can be freely detached in the horizontal direction, countersunk bolt conical holes are reserved in the modules, countersunk bolts M6 or M8 are adopted, the lengths are 60-80 mm, nuts in embedded concrete are matched with corresponding lengths, and anchor plates with the diameters of 30mm are installed at the other ends. The vertical square holes 19 of the modules are uniformly distributed on the upper edge and the lower edge of the module in the thickness center, the square aperture is 10mm, the depth of the square hole is 70mm, and the horizontal square holes 20 of the two modules are distributed on the left side and the right side of the module, and the sizes of the two horizontal square holes are consistent with the sizes of the two horizontal square holes 19. Square holes are embedded with square neodymium magnets of 10mm by 3mm by 60mm, and the directions of magnetic poles of the embedded neodymium magnets in all square holes at the upper edge and the lower edge of the module are consistent, so that the directions of magnetic poles of the embedded neodymium magnets at the left edge and the right edge are also consistent.
The thin-wall hollow pier is generally provided with a solid section of 2m-2.5m on a bearing platform, the installation position of a peripheral ring template is positioned by measuring pay-off, a peripheral ring template system and an upper operation platform are installed, polytetrafluoroethylene flat modules 22 are assembled and adsorbed on the surface of the steel template, a supporting rod is inserted into a block jack 4, concrete is poured inside polytetrafluoroethylene after pier column steel bars are installed, after final setting, the wedge jack can be synchronously supplied with oil to lift the peripheral ring template system, polytetrafluoroethylene inner modules are continuously installed on the upper part of a peripheral ring mould, steel bars and poured concrete are continuously installed in the pier column, countersunk bolts are manually unscrewed and the polytetrafluoroethylene modules are removed after the lower polytetrafluoroethylene flat modules 22 are completely separated from the peripheral ring mould, and the peripheral ring is installed to hang the operation platform downwards when the rising height of the peripheral ring mould reaches 2 m. And when the outer ring template system is lifted to the top of the solid section, the position of the inner ring template is positioned by measuring, the inner ring template system and the upper operation platform are installed, and then the polytetrafluoroethylene straight module 22 is installed in the steel template, and the polytetrafluoroethylene corner module 23 is assembled into an inner die. And then installing steel bars between the polytetrafluoroethylene inner molds and pouring concrete, and then installing the steel bars first and then lifting the steel form system of the enclosure, wherein the polytetrafluoroethylene inner modules outside and in the inner cavity are continuously dismantled and installed above after the lower part of the enclosure steel form is exposed, so that the construction of the pier wall is continuously and circularly realized upwards. And after the inner steel mould reaches the position of the diaphragm plate, the inner cavity template system is directly lifted by 2m along the climbing rod, the diaphragm plate is poured by adopting a conventional method, the inner cavity is behind through the diaphragm plate section, and the hollow section pouring is realized by continuously adopting the lifting of the enclosure mould and the disassembly and assembly circulation of the polytetrafluoroethylene module. The outer form is lifted and circulated to the pier top all the time. After the inner cavity template system finishes pouring of the last cavity pier wall, the lifting enclosure steel mould system adopts a profile steel crosspiece to support, and then the inner cavity steel mould system is disassembled and then all components are transported to the ground by adopting a tower crane. After the peripheral ring template system is lifted to the pier top, auxiliary fixing is carried out by adopting ropes, and then all parts are transported to the ground after being matched and disassembled by adopting a tower crane.