CN114892430B - 用于涤纶织物的多功能匀染剂及其制备方法和使用方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种用于涤纶织物的多功能匀染剂及其制备方法和使用方法,用于涤纶织物的多功能匀染剂包括以下重量份的原料:聚乙二醇脂肪酸酯10‑15份,辛基酚聚氧乙烯醚6‑8份,棕榈酸异辛酯5‑8份,葡萄糖酸钠8‑10份,铝硅酸钠6‑8份,亚甲基二萘磺酸钠10‑14份和多功能液30‑40份。本发明制得的多功能匀染剂,可提高涤纶织物的染色均匀度,显著减小色差和提高染料利用率。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及纺织面料领域,具体涉及一种用于涤纶织物的多功能匀染剂及其制备方法和使用方法。
背景技术
涤纶织物由于纤维排列紧密,且疏水性较强,常温下染色困难,因此需要以高温方式进行染色。分散染料能在常温下均匀分散,而高温下容易凝聚,故而染色时需要加入高温匀染剂,以提高染料分子的高温分散性,改善染色均匀性。而传统高温匀染剂由于不容易帮助染料渗透到纤维内部,最终导致纤维染色时常常出现染色不均匀的现象。
发明内容
有鉴于此,本发明的目的在于提供一种用于涤纶织物的多功能匀染剂及其制备方法和使用方法,可提高涤纶织物的染色均匀度,显著减小色差和提高染料利用率。
为了达到上述目的,本发明提供如下技术方案:
一种用于涤纶织物的多功能匀染剂,包括以下重量份的原料:聚乙二醇脂肪酸酯10-15份,辛基酚聚氧乙烯醚6-8份,棕榈酸异辛酯5-8份,葡萄糖酸钠8-10份,铝硅酸钠6-8份,亚甲基二萘磺酸钠10-14份和多功能液30-40份。
优选地,所述多功能液包括改性纳米二氧化硅溶液和聚乙烯醇溶液。
优选地,所述改性纳米二氧化硅溶液和聚乙烯醇溶液的重量份比为1:2。
本发明还提供一种用于涤纶织物的多功能匀染剂的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
将聚乙二醇脂肪酸酯、辛基酚聚氧乙烯醚、棕榈酸异辛酯、葡萄糖酸钠、铝硅酸钠、亚甲基二萘磺酸钠和多功能液混合均匀,以5℃/min的升温速度升温至90-110℃,保温1-2h,再持续搅拌以自然降温至室温,即得匀染剂。
优选地,所述多功能液的制备工艺包含如下步骤:
S1:制备改性纳米二氧化硅溶液和聚乙烯醇溶液;
S2:将改性纳米二氧化硅溶液和聚乙烯醇溶液混合即得所述多功能液。
优选地,所述改性纳米二氧化硅溶液的制备方法为:将纳米二氧化硅颗粒、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮和体积分数为75%的乙醇溶液混合,均质分散10-15min,即得改性纳米二氧化硅溶液。
优选地,所述纳米二氧化硅颗粒、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮和乙醇溶液的重量份比为1:2:5。
优选地,所述聚乙烯醇溶液的制备方法为:将聚乙烯醇加入90-95℃的去离子水中,搅拌、冷却至混合液为常温后,将壳聚糖季铵盐加入到上述混合液中,继续搅拌30-40min,即得聚乙烯醇溶液。
优选地,所述聚乙烯醇、去离子水和壳聚糖季铵盐的重量份比为1:10:1。
本发明还提供一种用于涤纶织物的多功能匀染剂的使用方法,将涤纶织物浸渍于多功能匀染剂中,70-80℃下浸渍24-48h,冷却至室温,过滤洗涤,即可完成对织物的浸渍。
本发明纳米二氧化硅经过聚乙烯吡咯烷酮改性后,纳米二氧化硅颗粒以小的聚集体形式存在,提高了纳米二氧化硅颗粒的分散性,同时聚集体结构也可以对微纳米结构起到保护作用,聚乙烯醇溶液具有良好的水溶性和相容性,以此增加了颗粒之间的结合力,使纤维与匀染剂的界面粘结强度得到一定程度的增强。
另外,本发明通过制备多功能液,使得其中的聚乙烯醇溶液与改性纳米二氧化硅溶液能够与涤纶织物表面的极性基团结合,分散至织物表面,形成拉扯力和偏转力,将纤维上的染色点位进行均匀拉扯,使得染色较深部位和染色较浅部位的染色分子能够具有一定的可转移空间,从而染色更加均匀彻底,以减小织物染色色差,同时由于较高的分散性,能够与其他组分一起起到协同增效的作用,防止染料凝聚的同时协同捕捉游离的染料分子,提高染料利用率。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明的实施例,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。另,特别说明,本发明原料和设备均可从市售所得,不再一一列举,其中,本发明原材料均可从市售获得,为本领域技术人员所熟知的。
实施例一:
一种用于涤纶织物的多功能匀染剂,包括以下重量份的原料:聚乙二醇脂肪酸酯15份,辛基酚聚氧乙烯醚8份,棕榈酸异辛酯8份,葡萄糖酸钠10份,铝硅酸钠8份,亚甲基二萘磺酸钠14份和多功能液40份。
其中,多功能液包括重量份比为1:2的改性纳米二氧化硅溶液和聚乙烯醇溶液。
一种用于涤纶织物的多功能匀染剂的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
将上述重量份的聚乙二醇脂肪酸酯、辛基酚聚氧乙烯醚、棕榈酸异辛酯、葡萄糖酸钠、铝硅酸钠、亚甲基二萘磺酸钠和多功能液混合均匀,以5℃/min的升温速度升温至110℃,保温2h,再持续搅拌以自然降温至室温,即得匀染剂。
其中,多功能液的制备工艺包含如下步骤:
S1:制备改性纳米二氧化硅溶液:将纳米二氧化硅颗粒、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮和体积分数为75%的乙醇溶液混合,其中,纳米二氧化硅颗粒、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮和乙醇溶液的重量份比为1:2:5,均质分散15min,即得改性纳米二氧化硅溶液;
制备聚乙烯醇溶液:将聚乙烯醇加入95℃的去离子水中,搅拌、冷却至混合液为常温后,将壳聚糖季铵盐加入到上述混合液中,继续搅拌40min,其中,聚乙烯醇、去离子水和壳聚糖季铵盐的重量份比为1:10:1,即得聚乙烯醇溶液;
S2:将上述改性纳米二氧化硅溶液和聚乙烯醇溶液混合即得所述多功能液。
一种用于涤纶织物的多功能匀染剂的使用方法,将涤纶织物浸渍于多功能匀染剂中,80℃下浸渍48h,冷却至室温,过滤洗涤,即可完成对织物的浸渍。
实施例二:
一种用于涤纶织物的多功能匀染剂,包括以下重量份的原料:聚乙二醇脂肪酸酯10份,辛基酚聚氧乙烯醚6份,棕榈酸异辛酯5份,葡萄糖酸钠8份,铝硅酸钠6份,亚甲基二萘磺酸钠10份和多功能液30份。
其中,多功能液包括重量份比为1:2的改性纳米二氧化硅溶液和聚乙烯醇溶液。
一种用于涤纶织物的多功能匀染剂的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
将上述重量份的聚乙二醇脂肪酸酯、辛基酚聚氧乙烯醚、棕榈酸异辛酯、葡萄糖酸钠、铝硅酸钠、亚甲基二萘磺酸钠和多功能液混合均匀,以5℃/min的升温速度升温至90℃,保温1h,再持续搅拌以自然降温至室温,即得匀染剂。
其中,多功能液的制备工艺包含如下步骤:
S1:制备改性纳米二氧化硅溶液:将纳米二氧化硅颗粒、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮和体积分数为75%的乙醇溶液混合,其中,纳米二氧化硅颗粒、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮和乙醇溶液的重量份比为1:2:5,均质分散10min,即得改性纳米二氧化硅溶液;
制备聚乙烯醇溶液:将聚乙烯醇加入90℃的去离子水中,搅拌、冷却至混合液为常温后,将壳聚糖季铵盐加入到上述混合液中,继续搅拌30min,其中,聚乙烯醇、去离子水和壳聚糖季铵盐的重量份比为1:10:1,即得聚乙烯醇溶液;
S2:将上述改性纳米二氧化硅溶液和聚乙烯醇溶液混合即得所述多功能液。
一种用于涤纶织物的多功能匀染剂的使用方法,将涤纶织物浸渍于多功能匀染剂中,70℃下浸渍24h,冷却至室温,过滤洗涤,即可完成对织物的浸渍。
实施例三:
一种用于涤纶织物的多功能匀染剂,包括以下重量份的原料:聚乙二醇脂肪酸酯12份,辛基酚聚氧乙烯醚7份,棕榈酸异辛酯7份,葡萄糖酸钠9份,铝硅酸钠7份,亚甲基二萘磺酸钠12份和多功能液35份。
其中,多功能液包括重量份比为1:2的改性纳米二氧化硅溶液和聚乙烯醇溶液。
一种用于涤纶织物的多功能匀染剂的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
将上述重量份的聚乙二醇脂肪酸酯、辛基酚聚氧乙烯醚、棕榈酸异辛酯、葡萄糖酸钠、铝硅酸钠、亚甲基二萘磺酸钠和多功能液混合均匀,以5℃/min的升温速度升温至100℃,保温1.5h,再持续搅拌以自然降温至室温,即得匀染剂。
其中,多功能液的制备工艺包含如下步骤:
S1:制备改性纳米二氧化硅溶液:将纳米二氧化硅颗粒、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮和体积分数为75%的乙醇溶液混合,其中,纳米二氧化硅颗粒、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮和乙醇溶液的重量份比为1:2:5,均质分散12min,即得改性纳米二氧化硅溶液;
制备聚乙烯醇溶液:将聚乙烯醇加入92℃的去离子水中,搅拌、冷却至混合液为常温后,将壳聚糖季铵盐加入到上述混合液中,继续搅拌35min,其中,聚乙烯醇、去离子水和壳聚糖季铵盐的重量份比为1:10:1,即得聚乙烯醇溶液;
S2:将上述改性纳米二氧化硅溶液和聚乙烯醇溶液混合即得所述多功能液。
一种用于涤纶织物的多功能匀染剂的使用方法,将涤纶织物浸渍于多功能匀染剂中,75℃下浸渍36h,冷却至室温,过滤洗涤,即可完成对织物的浸渍。
对比例1:
对比例1与实施例1的制备工艺基本相同,不同的是,不用多功能液,具体为:
一种用于涤纶织物的多功能匀染剂,包括以下重量份的原料:聚乙二醇脂肪酸酯15份,辛基酚聚氧乙烯醚8份,棕榈酸异辛酯8份,葡萄糖酸钠10份,铝硅酸钠8份和亚甲基二萘磺酸钠14份。
一种用于涤纶织物的多功能匀染剂的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
将上述重量份的聚乙二醇脂肪酸酯、辛基酚聚氧乙烯醚、棕榈酸异辛酯、葡萄糖酸钠、铝硅酸钠和亚甲基二萘磺酸钠混合均匀,以5℃/min的升温速度升温至110℃,保温2h,再持续搅拌以自然降温至室温,即得匀染剂。
一种用于涤纶织物的多功能匀染剂的使用方法,将涤纶织物浸渍于多功能匀染剂中,80℃下浸渍48h,冷却至室温,过滤洗涤,即可完成对织物的浸渍。
分别对实施例1-3、市售辉虎助剂的匀染剂和对比例1所得的匀染剂,进行性能测试。测试方法:
根据HG/T4261-2011《纺织染整助剂涤用匀染剂高温分散性的测定》中记载的方法,测试实施例及对比例的匀染剂高温分散性,评级结果由1级至5级,5级最好。
根据HG/T4263-2011《纺织染整助剂涤用匀染剂移染性能的测定》中记载的方法,测试实施例及对比例的匀染剂移染效果,得到移染率。
测试染色相同涤纶面料后的面料回潮率。
根据GB/T 3921-2008《纺织品色牢度试验耐皂洗色牢度》中记载的方法对面料耐皂洗色牢度进行测试。
测试结果,如表1所示。
表1实施例1-3、市售和对比例1的匀染剂的测试数据
测试项目 | 实施例1 | 实施例2 | 实施例3 | 对比例1 | 市售 |
高温分散性/级 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 3 | 4 |
移染率/% | 42.7% | 40.5% | 38.0% | 26.4% | 40.5% |
回潮率/% | 4.8 | 4.8 | 4.3 | 1.2 | 2.7 |
色牢度/级 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 3 | 4 |
从上表可以看出,实施例1-3所得匀染剂的高温分散性、色牢度较对比例1和市售匀染剂均有所提高,移染率较对比例1的匀染剂亦较高,说明本发明匀染剂可提高涤纶织物的染色均匀度,显著减小色差和提高染料利用率。
对所公开的实施例的上述说明,使本领域专业技术人员能够实现或使用本发明。对这些实施例的多种修改对本领域的专业技术人员来说将是显而易见的,本文中所定义的一般原理可以在不脱离本发明的精神或范围的情况下,在其它实施例中实现。因此,本发明将不会被限制于本文所示的这些实施例,而是要符合与本文所公开的原理和新颖特点相一致的最宽的范围。
Claims (2)
1.一种用于涤纶织物的多功能匀染剂的制备方法,其特征在于,用于涤纶织物的多功能匀染剂包括以下重量份的原料:聚乙二醇脂肪酸酯10-15份,辛基酚聚氧乙烯醚6-8份,棕榈酸异辛酯5-8份,葡萄糖酸钠8-10份,铝硅酸钠6-8份,亚甲基二萘磺酸钠10-14份和多功能液30-40份;
所述多功能液包括改性纳米二氧化硅溶液和聚乙烯醇溶液;
所述改性纳米二氧化硅溶液和聚乙烯醇溶液的重量份比为1:2;
制备方法包括以下步骤:
将聚乙二醇脂肪酸酯、辛基酚聚氧乙烯醚、棕榈酸异辛酯、葡萄糖酸钠、铝硅酸钠、亚甲基二萘磺酸钠和多功能液混合均匀,以5℃/min的升温速度升温至90-110℃,保温1-2h,再持续搅拌以自然降温至室温,即得匀染剂;
所述多功能液的制备工艺包含如下步骤:
S1:制备改性纳米二氧化硅溶液和聚乙烯醇溶液;
S2:将改性纳米二氧化硅溶液和聚乙烯醇溶液混合即得所述多功能液;
所述改性纳米二氧化硅溶液的制备方法为:将纳米二氧化硅颗粒、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮和体积分数为75%的乙醇溶液混合,均质分散10-15min,即得改性纳米二氧化硅溶液;
所述纳米二氧化硅颗粒、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮和乙醇溶液的重量份比为1:2:5;
所述聚乙烯醇溶液的制备方法为:将聚乙烯醇加入90-95℃的去离子水中,搅拌、冷却至混合液为常温后,将壳聚糖季铵盐加入到上述混合液中,继续搅拌30-40min,即得聚乙烯醇溶液;
所述聚乙烯醇、去离子水和壳聚糖季铵盐的重量份比为1:10:1。
2.一种如权利要求1所述的用于涤纶织物的多功能匀染剂的使用方法,其特征在于,将涤纶织物浸渍于多功能匀染剂中,70-80℃下浸渍24-48h,冷却至室温,过滤洗涤,即可完成对织物的浸渍。
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