CN114889227A - 一种防垢pvc管材及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种防垢pvc管材及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN114889227A
CN114889227A CN202210683679.3A CN202210683679A CN114889227A CN 114889227 A CN114889227 A CN 114889227A CN 202210683679 A CN202210683679 A CN 202210683679A CN 114889227 A CN114889227 A CN 114889227A
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CN114889227B (zh
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崔成华
徐辛
钱功海
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Zhejiang Tongzheng Pipe Technology Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明属于一种新材料及加工方法，具体涉及一种防垢PVC管材及其制备方法，包括作为外层的PVC复合材料层和作为内层的防垢层，所述防垢层为UHMWPE/CPE/PVC复合材料，包括如下重量份的各组分：PVC树脂粉100份，钙锌稳定剂3.0‑5.0份，CPE 10‑20份，抗冲增韧剂0.5‑2.0，碳酸钙3‑15份，润滑剂0.3‑0.5份，聚乙烯蜡0.1‑1.25份，加工助剂0.6‑5.0份，UHMWPE粉5‑25份，增塑剂0.3‑1.5份。本发明制备的防垢PVC管具有良好的自清洁、防结垢的效果，可有效地降低PVC管内壁污物的粘附以及结垢现象；且制备工艺简单，价格低廉，适合工业化大规模推广。

Description

一种防垢PVC管材及其制备方法
背景技术
本发明属于一种新材料及加工方法，具体涉及一种防垢PVC管材及其制备方法。
背景技术
PVC管材具有非常稳定的物理化学性能，具有很强的抗腐蚀性，抗老化性，耐磨性和使用寿命长等优点；管材质量轻，施工方便，排水性良好。
但是PVC管在长期使用之后，内壁容易滋生细菌，结垢，污物也易附着在管材内壁，导致管内流通面积不断减小，甚至会造成管道系统的阻塞。因此，有时需要对PVC管材进行疏通和更换，给后期带来很多不便。
鉴于此，提出本发明。
发明内容
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明的目的在于提供一种防垢PVC管材及其制备方法，具体方案如下：
一种防垢PVC管材，包括作为外层的PVC复合材料层和作为内层的防垢层，所述防垢层为UHMWPE/CPE/PVC复合材料，包括如下重量份的各组分：PVC树脂粉100份，钙锌稳定剂3.0-5.0份，CPE 10-20份，抗冲增韧剂0.5-2.0，碳酸钙3-15份，润滑剂0.3-0.5份，聚乙烯蜡0.1-1.25份，加工助剂0.6-5.0份，UHMWPE粉5-25份，增塑剂0.3-1.5份（内层UHMWPE/CPE/PVC复合材料中CPE氯的质量分数为30%，该CPE与PVC树脂粉有一定的相容性，同时也与UHMWPE粉有一定的相容性，可以提高UHMWPE粒子与PVC的界面相互作用）。
所述PVC复合材料层包括如下重量份的各组分：PVC树脂粉100份，钙锌稳定剂3.0-5.0份，CPE 0.5-2.0份，抗冲增韧剂0.5-2.0份，碳酸钙15-25份，润滑剂0.3-1.5份，加工助剂0.2-0.5份，钛白粉1.0-2.0份（外层PVC复合材料中CPE氯的质量分数为35%，该CPE主要起到增韧外层PVC的效果）。
所述内层和外层的厚度比为1∶5-1∶10，内层厚度要薄，才会在物料挤出口模的过程中，变软的UHMWPE粒子被拉伸，形成片状的取向结构。
所述防垢层中所用的CPE与UHMWPE粉的配比为0.5∶1-1∶1。
所述防垢层中所用的聚乙烯蜡与UHMWPE粉的配比为2∶100-5∶100，聚乙烯蜡有助于UHMWPE粒子的分散，并且提高UHMWPE粒子与CPE的粘附性。
所述增塑剂为邻苯二甲酸二辛脂。
所述抗冲增韧剂为丙烯酸类共聚物，所述加工助剂为丙烯酸类共聚物。
所述润滑剂为氧化聚乙烯蜡、硬脂酸、甘油单油酸酯、甘油或季戊四醇中的一种或多种。
一种防垢PVC管材的制备方法，包括如下步骤，
（1）外层的PVC复合材料的制备：
S1.按照配比分别称取PVC树脂粉、钙锌稳定剂、CPE 、抗冲增韧剂、碳酸钙、润滑剂、加工助剂和钛白粉；
S2.将步骤（1）中的S1中所述原料加入到高速混合机中，高速混合至110℃-120℃，然后冷混至50-55℃，出料，得到外层的PVC复合材料；
（2）内层的UHMWPE/CPE/PVC复合材料的制备：
S1.首先将聚乙烯蜡与UHMWPE粉在100-110℃温度下高速混合5-10分钟，冷却，得到混合物料A；
S2.将CPE与混合物料A在100-120℃温度下高速混合5-10分钟，冷却，得到混合物料B；
S3.将PVC树脂粉、钙锌稳定剂、抗冲增韧剂、碳酸钙、润滑剂、加工助剂、增塑剂和混合物料B加入到高速混合机中，高速混合升温至110-120℃，然后冷混至50-55℃，出料，得到内层的UHMWPE/CPE/PVC复合材料；
（3）防垢PVC管材的制备：将步骤（1）和步骤（2）中得到的PVC复合材料和UHMWPE/CPE/PVC复合材料进行双层挤出，得到防垢PVC管材。
本发明的有益效果如下：
（1）本发明采用具有自润滑和防结垢的UHMWPE作为防垢PVC管材的填料，UHMWPE粒子由于分子量很高（UHMWPE粉的分子量为300万），在PVC的加工温度范围难以完全塑化熔融，仍然可以保持颗粒状态，并且在挤出口模时，由于内层挤出层很薄，UHMWPE粒子在高温和压力作用下会产生变形，形成一定取向结构的片状UHMWPE粒子，更加有利提高管材内壁的光滑性；
（2）本发明制备的UHMWPE/CPE/PVC复合材料层，采用CPE作为UHMWPE和PVC的界面改性剂，CPE在PVC中形成网络结构，既可以提高UHMWPE的分散效果，又可以起到增韧PVC的效果；采用聚乙烯蜡作为UHMWPE的分散剂，聚乙烯蜡与UHMWPE的相融性比较好，且流动性良好，可提高UHMWPE的分散效果；
（3）本发明制备UHMWPE/CPE/PVC复合材料时，先将UHMWPE粉与聚乙烯蜡高温高速共混，是为了实现聚乙烯蜡对UHMWPE的均匀包覆，且实现了部分聚乙烯蜡与UHMWPE颗粒表面分子互溶的效果；再与CPE共混，表面包覆有聚乙烯蜡的UHMWPE颗粒更加容易与CPE颗粒粘附在一起，越有利于UHMWPE颗粒在PVC中的均匀分散；
（4）本发明制备的防垢PVC管具有良好的自清洁、防结垢的效果，可有效地降低PVC管内壁污物的粘附以及结垢现象；且制备工艺简单，价格低廉，适合工业化大规模推广。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明作出进一步的说明。
实施例1
本实施例中的一种防垢PVC管，包括作为内层的UHMWPE/CPE/PVC复合材料层和作为外层的PVC复合材料层。内层包括如下重量份的各组分：PVC树脂粉100份，钙锌稳定剂4.5份，CPE 15份，抗冲增韧剂1.0，碳酸钙3份，润滑剂0.4份，聚乙烯蜡0.45份，加工助剂2.0份，UHMWPE粉15份，增塑剂0.5份。
外层包括如下重量份的各组分：PVC树脂粉100份，钙锌稳定剂4.0份，CPE 0.6份，抗冲增韧剂0.5份，碳酸钙20份，润滑剂0.8份，加工助剂0.3份，钛白粉1.5份。其中润滑剂均选用氧化聚乙烯蜡。
制备方法包括如下步骤：
（1）外层的PVC复合材料的制备：
S1.按照配比分别称取PVC树脂粉、钙锌稳定剂、CPE 、抗冲增韧剂、碳酸钙、润滑剂、加工助剂和钛白粉；
S2.将步骤（1）中的S1中所述原料加入到高速混合机中，高速混合至115℃，然后冷混至50℃，出料，得到外层的PVC复合材料；
（2）内层的UHMWPE/CPE/PVC复合材料的制备：
S1.首先将聚乙烯蜡与UHMWPE粉在110℃温度下高速混合8分钟，冷却，得到混合物料A；
S2.将CPE与混合物料A在120℃温度下高速混合6分钟，冷却，得到混合物料B；
S3.将PVC树脂粉、钙锌稳定剂、抗冲增韧剂、碳酸钙、润滑剂、加工助剂、增塑剂和混合物料B加入到高速混合机中，高速混合升温至115℃，然后冷混至50℃，出料，得到内层的UHMWPE/CPE/PVC复合材料；
（3）防垢PVC管材的制备：将步骤（1）和步骤（2）中得到的PVC复合材料和UHMWPE/CPE/PVC复合材料进行双层挤出，得到防垢PVC管材。
实施例2
本实施例中的一种防垢PVC管，包括作为内层的UHMWPE/CPE/PVC复合材料层和作为外层的PVC复合材料层。内层包括如下重量份的各组分：PVC树脂粉100份，钙锌稳定剂4.5份，CPE 15份，抗冲增韧剂1.0，碳酸钙3份，润滑剂0.4份，聚乙烯蜡0.75份，加工助剂2.0份，UHMWPE粉25份，增塑剂0.5份。
外层包括如下重量份的各组分：PVC树脂粉100份，钙锌稳定剂4.0份，CPE 0.6份，抗冲增韧剂0.5份，碳酸钙20份，润滑剂0.8份，加工助剂0.3份，钛白粉1.5份。其中润滑剂均选用氧化聚乙烯蜡。
制备方法与实施例1相同。
实施例3
本实施例中的一种防垢PVC管，包括作为内层的UHMWPE/CPE/PVC复合材料层和作为外层的PVC复合材料层。内层包括如下重量份的各组分：PVC树脂粉100份，钙锌稳定剂4.5份，CPE 18份，抗冲增韧剂1.0，碳酸钙3份，润滑剂0.4份，聚乙烯蜡0.6份，加工助剂2.0份，UHMWPE粉20份，增塑剂0.5份。
外层包括如下重量份的各组分：PVC树脂粉100份，钙锌稳定剂4.0份，CPE 0.6份，抗冲增韧剂0.5份，碳酸钙20份，润滑剂0.8份，加工助剂0.3份，钛白粉1.5份。其中润滑剂均选用氧化聚乙烯蜡、甘油单油酸酯和甘油单油酸酯。
制备方法包括如下步骤：
（1）外层的PVC复合材料的制备：
S1.按照配比分别称取PVC树脂粉、钙锌稳定剂、CPE 、抗冲增韧剂、碳酸钙、润滑剂、加工助剂和钛白粉；
S2.将步骤（1）中的S1中所述原料加入到高速混合机中，高速混合至120℃，然后冷混至50℃，出料，得到外层的PVC复合材料；
（2）内层的UHMWPE/CPE/PVC复合材料的制备：
S1.首先将聚乙烯蜡与UHMWPE粉在110℃温度下高速混合10分钟，冷却，得到混合物料A；
S2.将CPE与混合物料A在120℃温度下高速混合10分钟，冷却，得到混合物料B；
S3.将PVC树脂粉、钙锌稳定剂、抗冲增韧剂、碳酸钙、润滑剂、加工助剂、增塑剂和混合物料B加入到高速混合机中，高速混合升温至115℃，然后冷混至50℃，出料，得到内层的UHMWPE/CPE/PVC复合材料；
（3）防垢PVC管材的制备：将步骤（1）和步骤（2）中得到的PVC复合材料和UHMWPE/CPE/PVC复合材料进行双层挤出，得到防垢PVC管材。
对比例1
制备普通PVC管，具体实施配方包括如下重量份的各组分：PVC树脂粉100份，钙锌稳定剂4.0份，CPE 1.0份，抗冲增韧剂0.2份，碳酸钙20份，润滑剂1.1份，加工助剂0.15份，钛白粉1.5份，最后单层PVC管通过挤出成型制备而成。
通过UHMWPE粒子对PVC改性，防垢PVC管内壁的摩擦系数相对普通PVC管有明显降低，普通PVC管内壁的静摩擦系数为0.125（对比例1），防垢PVC管的静摩擦系数可以降低到0.08（实施例2），管材内壁更加光滑，可以更加有效地防止结垢。
以上内容是结合本发明的优选实施方式对所提供技术方案所作的进一步详细说明，不能认定本发明具体实施只局限于上述这些说明，对于本发明所属技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，还可以做出若干简单推演或替换，都应当视为属于本发明的保护范围。

Claims (9)

1.一种防垢PVC管材，其特征在于，包括作为外层的PVC复合材料层和作为内层的防垢层，所述防垢层为UHMWPE/CPE/PVC复合材料，包括如下重量份的各组分：PVC树脂粉100份，钙锌稳定剂 3.0-5.0份，CPE 10-20份，抗冲增韧剂0.5-2.0，碳酸钙3-15份，润滑剂0.3-0.5份，聚乙烯蜡0.1-1.25份，加工助剂0.6-5.0份，UHMWPE粉5-25份，增塑剂0.3-1.5份。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种防垢PVC管材，其特征在于，所述PVC复合材料层包括如下重量份的各组分：PVC树脂粉100份，钙锌稳定剂3.0-5.0份，CPE 0.5-2.0份，抗冲增韧剂0.5-2.0份，碳酸钙15-25份，润滑剂0.3-1.5份，加工助剂0.2-0.5份，钛白粉1.0-2.0份。
3.如权利要求1所述的一种防垢PVC管材，其特征在于：所述内层和外层的厚度比为1∶5-1∶10。
4.如权利要求1所述的一种防垢PVC管材，其特征在于：所述防垢层中所用的CPE与UHMWPE粉的配比为0.5∶1-1∶1。
5.如权利要求1所述的一种防垢PVC管材，其特征在于：所述防垢层中所用的聚乙烯蜡与UHMWPE粉的配比为2∶100-5∶100。
6.如权利要求1所述的一种防垢PVC管材，其特征在于：所述增塑剂为邻苯二甲酸二辛脂。
7.如权利要求1或2中的任意一项所述的一种防垢PVC管材，其特征在于：所述抗冲增韧剂为丙烯酸类共聚物，所述加工助剂为丙烯酸类共聚物。
8.如权利要求1或2中的任意一项所述的一种防垢PVC管材，其特征在于：所述润滑剂为氧化聚乙烯蜡、硬脂酸、甘油单油酸酯、甘油或季戊四醇中的一种或多种。
9.一种如权利要求1所述的防垢PVC管材的制备方法，其特征在于，包括如下步骤，
（1）外层的PVC复合材料的制备：
S1.按照配比分别称取PVC树脂粉、钙锌稳定剂、CPE 、抗冲增韧剂、碳酸钙、润滑剂、加工助剂和钛白粉；
S2.将步骤（1）中的S1中所述原料加入到高速混合机中，高速混合至110℃-120℃，然后冷混至50-55℃，出料，得到外层的PVC复合材料；
（2）内层的UHMWPE/CPE/PVC复合材料的制备：
S1.首先将聚乙烯蜡与UHMWPE粉在100-110℃温度下高速混合5-10分钟，冷却，得到混合物料A；
S2.将CPE与混合物料A在100-120℃温度下高速混合5-10分钟，冷却，得到混合物料B；
S3.将PVC树脂粉、钙锌稳定剂、抗冲增韧剂、碳酸钙、润滑剂、加工助剂、增塑剂和混合物料B加入到高速混合机中，高速混合升温至110-120℃，然后冷混至50-55℃，出料，得到内层的UHMWPE/CPE/PVC复合材料；
（3）防垢PVC管材的制备：将步骤（1）和步骤（2）中得到的PVC复合材料和UHMWPE/CPE/PVC复合材料进行双层挤出，得到防垢PVC管材。
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