CN114886926A - Turtle shell processing method of Anhydrous tortoise shells - Google Patents
Turtle shell processing method of Anhydrous tortoise shells Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K35/00—Medicinal preparations containing materials or reaction products thereof with undetermined constitution
- A61K35/56—Materials from animals other than mammals
- A61K35/58—Reptiles
- A61K35/586—Turtles; Tortoises, e.g. terrapins
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
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Abstract
The application relates to the technical field of traditional Chinese medicine processing, in particular to a tortoise shell processing method of Anbu turtle, which comprises the following steps: (1) processing clean tortoise shells: putting carapax et Plastrum Testudinis in a steamer, steaming with boiling water for 45 min or more, taking out, pouring into hot water, removing skin and meat with a hard brush, cleaning, and sun drying to obtain clean carapax et Plastrum Testudinis; (2) processing with vinegar tortoise shells: parching the obtained carapax et Plastrum Testudinis with sand to light yellow, taking out, quenching with vinegar, drying, and mashing. Finally, the tortoise shell manufacturing technical method of the Anhydrous tortoise shell, which is suitable for the Anhydrous tortoise shell, has the advantages of higher extract content, less impurities, short production period, simple equipment and easy acceptance by medicinal material processing factories and hospitals, is obtained.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of traditional Chinese medicine processing, in particular to a tortoise shell processing method of a turtle shell.
Background
Anblaea amboinensis (Cuora amboinensis), also known as Marie, a species of the Tortoise family. The carapax et Plastrum Testudinis is dry dorsal scale and abdominal shell of Anbu adductor tortoise shell, and has effects in nourishing yin, lowering fire, invigorating kidney, strengthening bone, nourishing blood, and nourishing heart; can be used for treating hectic fever due to yin deficiency, night sweat due to bone steaming, yin impairment due to fever, dizziness, blurred vision, internal stirring due to deficient wind, flaccidity of bones and muscles, heart deficiency, amnesia, etc. The development and development of key technologies for deep processing of medicinal value of the Anhydrous tortoise shell are carried out, the optimal tortoise shell manufacturing technical method for the medicinal Anhydrous tortoise shell is formulated on the basis of keeping the medicinal property of the tortoise shell, the foundation is laid for industrialization of the Anhydrous tortoise shell, the medicinal range of the Anhydrous tortoise shell is expanded by continuously developing series products with high added values, the medicinal property of the Anhydrous tortoise shell is improved to a new level, and the important practical significance and the wide application prospect are generated for creating the special animal medicinal material industry in China, developing and promoting the local economic construction of China.
According to the market demand and the requirements of the tortoise shell using method, the tortoise shell manufacturing technical method which is suitable for the tortoise shell with the turtle shell, has the advantages of high extract content, less impurities, short production period and simple equipment, and is easy to accept by medicinal material processing factories and hospitals is the problem to be solved at present.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems in the prior art, the application provides a tortoise shell processing method for the safe cuora trifasciata, which is realized by the following technical scheme:
a tortoise shell processing method of a turtle shell comprises the following steps:
(1) processing clean tortoise shells: putting carapax et Plastrum Testudinis in a steamer, steaming with boiling water for 45 min or more, taking out, pouring into hot water, immediately removing skin and meat with a hard brush, cleaning, and sun drying to obtain clean carapax et Plastrum Testudinis;
(2) processing with vinegar tortoise shells: parching the obtained carapax et Plastrum Testudinis with sand to light yellow, taking out, quenching with vinegar, drying, and mashing.
Further, the tortoise shell in the step (1) is the dorsal shell and/or the ventral shell of the Anneau tortoise
Further, the boiling water in the step (1) is steamed, and the specific time is 45 minutes. The tortoise shell is steamed for 45 minutes by boiling water, skin, flesh and fascia are easily and completely removed, but the content of extract is not very different, and the effect is better when the boiling water steaming time of the tortoise shell is 45 minutes in order to save energy consumption.
Further, the sand in the step (2) is clean river sand.
Further, the vinegar in (2) is quenched, and the mass of the vinegar is 20% or more of the mass of the tortoise shell. Further, in the step (2), the mass of the vinegar is 20% of that of the tortoise shell. When the vinegar is used for quenching below 20kg, the vinegar quenching is incomplete, when the vinegar is used for quenching above 20kg, the vinegar quenching is complete, the extract content is not large, and in order to ensure the vinegar quenching, 20kg of vinegar is used for every 100kg of tortoise shells.
Further, the drying in (2) and the drying temperature are as follows: 80 ℃, drying time: 7-8 h. When the drying temperature is 80 ℃ at a time, the time required for drying is long. When the drying is carried out at the temperature of 80 ℃, the drying time is short, and the effect is good.
Compared with the prior art, the technical effects created by the application are as follows:
the application develops and develops key technologies for deeply processing the medicinal value of the Anbu closed-shell turtle, and on the basis of keeping the drug property of the turtle shell, an optimal turtle shell manufacturing technical method for the Anbu closed-shell turtle is formulated, so that a foundation is laid for industrialization of the Anbu closed-shell turtle, and by continuously developing series products with high added values, the medicinal range of the Anbu closed-shell turtle is enlarged, the medicinal property of the Anbu closed-shell turtle is improved to a new level, and the important practical significance and the wide application prospect are generated for creating the special animal medicinal material industry in our district, developing and promoting the local economic construction in our district.
According to the application, the tortoise shell manufacturing technical method suitable for the Anbu closed shell turtle, which is high in extract content, less in impurities, short in production period, simple in equipment and easy to accept by a medicinal material processing factory and a hospital, is finally obtained according to market demands and requirements of a tortoise shell using method.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present application are further defined below with reference to specific embodiments, but the scope of the claims is not limited to the descriptions.
Examples
Research on the Process
Method for processing tortoise shell
Through production practice and scientific experiments, the tortoise shell processing method is approximately as follows:
1. water soaking method: soaking carapax et Plastrum Testudinis in clear water without changing water to rot the fascia of skin and flesh, taking out when separating from the bone, cleaning with clear water, and sun drying till no odor exists. The method is a traditional preparation method.
2. Steaming: putting tortoise shell into a steamer, steaming for 45 minutes in boiling water, taking out, pouring into hot water, immediately removing skin and meat by a hard brush, cleaning and drying in the sun.
3. High-pressure steaming: the tortoise shell is put into a pressure cooker, steamed for 15 minutes, taken out, poured into hot water, immediately cleaned by a hard brush, washed and dried in the sun.
4. A water boiling method: placing carapax et Plastrum Testudinis in a pot, adding water, soaking the medicinal materials, boiling with strong fire for 1 hr, taking out, pouring into hot water, immediately removing skin and meat with hard brush, cleaning, and sun drying.
5. A sand ironing method: parching sand with strong fire, adding appropriate amount of carapax et Plastrum Testudinis, parching to yellow, taking out, sieving to remove sand, removing attachments on shell with knife, cleaning, and sun drying.
6. Stewing: putting carapax et Plastrum Testudinis in boiling water, boiling, immediately extinguishing fire, stewing for 2 hr, removing slough and scale with iron plane, washing with water, sun drying, and exposing at night for one week.
7. Burying: digging a pit of l 20-150 cm on the ground, putting the tortoise shell into the pit, covering the tortoise shell with soil, and filling water once every 4-5 days. Checking after one month until the skin and bone are separated to degree, taking out, washing with water to remove silt, placing into a hemp bag while wet, adding white sand residue, grinding to remove skin and meat, washing with water, and sun drying.
8. Lime water soaking method: soaking carapax et Plastrum Testudinis in 20% lime water, taking out for one week to remove skin, meat and tendon, rinsing with clear water, and drying in the sun.
9. Clear water breakthrough method: placing carapax et Plastrum Testudinis or carapax Trionycis in a suitable container, washing with clear water, and pulverizing into fine pieces for use as decoction pieces.
10. The protease method comprises the following steps: soaking tortoise shell in water for 3-5 days, discharging water, adding protease aqueous solution (alkaline or neutral), removing skin and meat basically, washing with water, and drying in the sun.
11. The yeast method comprises the following steps: soaking carapax et Plastrum Testudinis in cold water of about 23 deg.C for 2 days, discharging cold water, adding into a Saccharomyces carlsbergensis tank, adding water, soaking the medicinal materials, covering tightly, standing for 2 days to form a white membrane on the upper layer of the solution, taking out the medicinal materials after 10 days, washing with water for 4-5 times, washing skin and meat, and sun drying without odor.
Process research of processing method of (di) clean tortoise shell
1. Examination of preparation method of Net Tortoise Shell
According to the market demand, the requirements of the tortoise shell using method, the production equipment, the production conditions, the technical level and other factors of the company, the tortoise shell manufacturing technical method for the safe shell turtle is selected. According to the processing method of the tortoise shells, analysis comprises the following steps: the preparation methods such as the sand-scalding method, the stewing method, the clear water washing method and the like are complicated to operate and are not easy to welcome; the preparation methods such as the burying method, the protease method, the yeast method and the like have the disadvantages of complex operation, long period, large odor, environmental pollution and low popularity; the preparation methods such as the steaming method, the high-pressure steaming method, the water boiling method and the like have the advantages of short production period and simple equipment, and are easily accepted by medicinal material processing factories and hospitals. According to the equipment and production conditions of the company, a water soaking method, a lime water soaking method, a steaming method, a high-pressure steaming method and a water boiling method are studied.
The experimental scheme is as follows: weighing 5 parts of tortoise shell (200 g each), and preparing the tortoise shell by a water immersion method, a lime water immersion method, a steaming method, a high-pressure steaming method and a water boiling method respectively for later use. And (3) selecting water-soluble extract as an index, and measuring the extract content extracted from each experimental sample.
The determination method comprises the following steps: according to the general rule 2201 of the four departments of the edition of "Chinese pharmacopoeia" 2015, the measurement methods of the extract are commonly used, such as a cold water soaking method, a hot water soaking method, an alcohol hot soaking method and the like, and the results are shown in table 1 by simultaneous comparison.
TABLE 1 measurement results of extracts by different measurement methods
The result shows that the content of alcohol-soluble extract in the net tortoise shell process sample is the highest by adopting a hydrothermal leaching method; the extract content measured by a 30% ethanol hot dipping method is lower; secondly, hot dipping with 50% ethanol; the content of the extract obtained by determination is lower by a water cold soaking method and a 70% ethanol hot soaking method, and the content of the extract obtained by determination of the two methods is not greatly different; the extract obtained by ethanol hot dipping method has the lowest content. Therefore, the extract content in the neat tortoise shell process sample is determined by hot dipping method (general rule 2201) under the water-soluble extract determination method, and water is used as a solvent.
The determination method comprises the following steps: the measurement was carried out by the hot dipping method under the item of the Water soluble extract measurement method (general rule 2201). Taking about 2g of a sample, precisely weighing, placing in a conical flask of 100-250 ml, adding 100ml of water, sealing, weighing, standing for 1 hour, connecting with a reflux condenser tube, heating to boil, and keeping slightly boiling for 1 hour. Cooling, taking off the conical flask, sealing the plug, weighing again, supplementing the lost weight with water, shaking, filtering, precisely weighing 25ml of filtrate, placing in an evaporation dish dried to constant weight, evaporating on a water bath, drying at 105 deg.C for 3 hr, cooling in a drier for 30min, and precisely weighing quickly. The water extract content (%) of the test article was calculated, and the experimental results are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2 measurement results of extract from different preparation methods of carapax et Plastrum Testudinis
The results show that the content of extract in the tortoise shell samples prepared by the lime water soaking method and the water soaking method is the lowest; the prepared tortoise shell sample has low extract content; the tortoise shell sample prepared by the steaming method, the water boiling method and the high-pressure steaming method has high extract content, and the extract content is not different from the extract content of the tortoise shell sample, but the high-pressure steaming method is difficult to operate, the requirement on required equipment is high, and the water boiling method has long decocting time. Therefore, the steaming method is supposed to be adopted as the optimal tortoise shell making method of the medicinal Anbu turtle.
2. Tortoise shell cleaning cooking time process research
Weighing 3 parts of tortoise shell (each part is 200g), respectively placing the tortoise shell in a steamer, steaming the tortoise shell in boiling water for 30 minutes, 45 minutes and 60 minutes, taking out the tortoise shell, pouring the tortoise shell into hot water, immediately removing skin, flesh and fascia by a hard brush, observing the removal condition, and measuring the content of extract. The results are shown in Table 3.
TABLE 3 Tortoise Shell boiling Water cooking time Process study results
As can be seen from the results in table 3, the fascia is difficult to be removed and is not completely removed and has a little residue when the tortoise shell is steamed for 30 minutes in boiling water, the skin, flesh and fascia are easy to be removed and completely removed when the tortoise shell is steamed for 45 minutes and 60 minutes in boiling water, but the extract contents of the three are not very different, and the boiling time of the tortoise shell is determined as follows: for 45 minutes.
3. Test for verifying manufacturing process of clean tortoise shell
Weighing 3 parts of tortoise shell (each part is 200g), respectively placing in a steamer for 45 minutes, taking out, pouring into hot water, immediately removing skin, meat and fascia by a hard brush, observing the removal condition, and determining the content of extract. The results are shown in Table 4.
TABLE 4 Tortoise Shell preparation Process verification test results
As can be seen from table 4, the extract results of the three groups of process verification tests are reasonable and stable, which indicates that the process conditions are feasible, so the process flow for preparing the purified tortoise shell is determined as follows: putting tortoise shell into a steamer, steaming for 45 minutes in boiling water, taking out, pouring into hot water, immediately removing skin and meat by a hard brush, cleaning and drying in the sun.
Processing method and process research of vinegar tortoise shell
1. Comparison of neat Tortoise Shell with Vinegar Tortoise Shell
The preparation method is to remove skin, flesh and fascia attached to the surface of the medicinal materials, and in the application process, the clean tortoise shell is also generally processed into vinegar tortoise shell by sand scalding and vinegar quenching. The preparation method of the vinegar tortoise shell comprises the following steps: parching carapax et Plastrum Testudinis with sand until the surface is light yellow by scalding (general rule 0213), taking out, quenching with vinegar, and drying. 20kg of vinegar is added to 100kg of tortoise shells. To investigate the difference between clean tortoise shell and vinegar tortoise shell, the extract contents of clean tortoise shell and vinegar tortoise shell were compared. The results are shown in Table 5.
TABLE 5 comparison of extracts of neat tortoise shells and vinegar tortoise shells
From the results in table 5, it is understood that the extract content of vinegar tortoise shell is higher than that of neat tortoise shell, the extract content of vinegar tortoise shell is about 3 times higher than that of neat tortoise shell, and the reason for the high extract content of vinegar tortoise shell may be that the vinegar tortoise shell has loose texture and increased voids, which increases the contact area with water.
2. Vinegar amount investigation for vinegar tortoise shell making process
Parching carapax et Plastrum Testudinis with sand to light yellow by scalding (general rule 0213), taking out, quenching with vinegar, and drying. 10kg, 20kg and 30kg of vinegar are respectively used for 100kg of tortoise shells. The results are shown in Table 6.
TABLE 6 examination of vinegar amount for preparing vinegar tortoise shell
From the results shown in Table 6, it was found that 10kg of vinegar was not completely quenched with vinegar, 20kg and 30kg of vinegar were quenched with vinegar, and the water-soluble extracts of 20kg and 30kg of vinegar were higher in content, but the difference between the two extracts was not so large, and 20kg of vinegar was used per 100kg of tortoise shell to ensure the quenching with vinegar.
3. Drying process research of vinegar tortoise shell
The clean tortoise shell is stir-fried with sand to be light yellow on the surface, taken out, quenched with vinegar and dried, so that the drying conditions are examined, and the results are shown in Table 7.
TABLE 7 examination of drying conditions of vinegar tortoise shells
The results show that the content of the water-soluble extracts of the three is not very different, which indicates that the vinegar tortoise shells are not influenced in the drying temperature range. The drying time is too long when the drying temperature is 60 ℃ and 70 ℃. When dried at 80 ℃, the drying time is short. Therefore, the drying conditions of the vinegar tortoise shells are determined as follows: drying temperature 80 ℃, time: 7-8 h.
4. Vinegar tortoise shell preparation process verification test
Weighing 3 parts (200 g each) of clean tortoise shell, parching with sand to light yellow according to scalding method (general rule 0213), taking out, quenching with vinegar, drying, and mashing when in use. 20kg of vinegar is added to 100kg of tortoise shells. The results are shown in Table 8.
TABLE 8 preparation Process verification test results of Vinegar carapax et Plastrum Testudinis
As can be seen from the results in Table 8, the extract content results of the three groups of process verification tests are reasonable and stable, which indicates that the process conditions are feasible, so the preparation process of the vinegar tortoise shell comprises the following steps: parching carapax et Plastrum Testudinis with sand until the surface is light yellow by scalding (Tonghe 0213), taking out, quenching with vinegar, drying, and mashing. 20kg of vinegar is added to 100kg of tortoise shells.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are merely representative examples of the present application. Obviously, the technical solution of the present application is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and many variations are possible. All modifications which can be derived or suggested by a person skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present application shall be deemed to be within the scope of the present application.
Claims (8)
1. The tortoise shell processing method of the turtle shell is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) processing clean tortoise shells: putting carapax et Plastrum Testudinis in a steamer, steaming with boiling water for 45 min or more, taking out, pouring into hot water, immediately removing skin and meat with a hard brush, cleaning, and sun drying to obtain clean carapax et Plastrum Testudinis;
(2) processing with vinegar tortoise shells: parching the obtained carapax et Plastrum Testudinis with sand to light yellow, taking out, quenching with vinegar, drying, and mashing.
2. The method for processing tortoise shells of Anhydrous tortoise as claimed in claim 1, wherein said tortoise shells in step (1) are tortoise shells of Anhydrous tortoise.
3. The method for processing tortoise shells of Anhydrous tortoise as claimed in claim 2, wherein said tortoise shells in step (1) are the abdominal shells of Anhydrous tortoise.
4. The method for processing tortoise shells of Anhydrous tortoise as claimed in claim 1, wherein said boiling water in step (1) is steamed for 45 minutes.
5. The method for processing tortoise shells of Anhydrous tortoise as claimed in claim 1, wherein the sand in step (2) is clean river sand.
6. The method of processing tortoise shell of Anhydrous tortoise as claimed in claim 1, wherein in said step (2), said vinegar is quenched in an amount of 20% by mass or more based on the mass of tortoise shell.
7. The method for processing tortoise shells of Anhydrous tortoise as claimed in claim 6, wherein in the step (2), the vinegar is quenched with 20% by weight of the tortoise shells.
8. The method for processing tortoise shells of Anhydrous tortoise as claimed in claim 1, wherein the drying in (2) is carried out at a temperature: 80 ℃, drying time: 7-8 h.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111035657A (en) * | 2020-01-22 | 2020-04-21 | 芜湖张恒春药业有限公司 | Processing method of tortoise |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103285037A (en) * | 2013-05-14 | 2013-09-11 | 安徽广印堂制药有限公司 | Preparation method of raw tortoise shell medicinal slice |
| CN104224843A (en) * | 2013-06-14 | 2014-12-24 | 铜仁梵净山中药饮片有限公司 | Process for making tortoise shell medicinal slices by adopting sand heating and vinegar quenching method |
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2022
- 2022-03-29 CN CN202210320421.7A patent/CN114886926A/en active Pending
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| CN103285037A (en) * | 2013-05-14 | 2013-09-11 | 安徽广印堂制药有限公司 | Preparation method of raw tortoise shell medicinal slice |
| CN104224843A (en) * | 2013-06-14 | 2014-12-24 | 铜仁梵净山中药饮片有限公司 | Process for making tortoise shell medicinal slices by adopting sand heating and vinegar quenching method |
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| 张春凤: "《中药炮制学》", vol. 3, 31 December 2019, 中国医药科技出版社, pages: 130 * |
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| CN111035657A (en) * | 2020-01-22 | 2020-04-21 | 芜湖张恒春药业有限公司 | Processing method of tortoise |
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