CN114885625A - Punching and fertilizing device and method for tobacco planting - Google Patents
Punching and fertilizing device and method for tobacco planting Download PDFInfo
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- CN114885625A CN114885625A CN202210227172.7A CN202210227172A CN114885625A CN 114885625 A CN114885625 A CN 114885625A CN 202210227172 A CN202210227172 A CN 202210227172A CN 114885625 A CN114885625 A CN 114885625A
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- punching
- fertilizing
- rotary tillage
- puncher
- fertilizer
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B49/00—Combined machines
- A01B49/04—Combinations of soil-working tools with non-soil-working tools, e.g. planting tools
- A01B49/06—Combinations of soil-working tools with non-soil-working tools, e.g. planting tools for sowing or fertilising
- A01B49/065—Combinations of soil-working tools with non-soil-working tools, e.g. planting tools for sowing or fertilising the soil-working tools being actively driven
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B49/00—Combined machines
- A01B49/04—Combinations of soil-working tools with non-soil-working tools, e.g. planting tools
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C5/00—Making or covering furrows or holes for sowing, planting or manuring
- A01C5/04—Machines for making or covering holes for sowing or planting
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Fertilizing (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a punching and fertilizing device and method for tobacco planting, and the device comprises a rotary tillage mechanism, a punching mechanism and a fertilizing mechanism, wherein the rotary tillage mechanism is used for carrying out rotary tillage operation on the ground, the punching mechanism is used for carrying out punching operation on the ground after rotary tillage to enable the ground to form hole sites, the punching mechanism and the fertilizing mechanism are both arranged on one side of the rotary tillage mechanism, and the punching mechanism comprises a first driving mechanism and a puncher. The hole puncher guides soil loosened by the rotary tillage mechanism and drives the hole puncher to move up and down by matching with the first driving mechanism, so that a plurality of hole sites are formed on the ground at intervals in the moving direction of the rotary tillage mechanism; the up-and-down reciprocating motion is carried out every time the puncher, and fertilizing mechanism carries out a fertilization operation, realizes the synchronous operation of mechanized punching and fertilization, reduces intensity of labour, effectively guarantees the homogeneity of fertilization, satisfies the demand that the tobacco leaf was planted.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a punching and fertilizing device and method for tobacco planting.
Background
The drilling and fertilizer application to the soil in the tobacco planting process are the basic starting links of the tobacco production, and the drilling and fertilizer application operation is reasonable or not, so that the growth, quality and economic benefit of the tobacco are directly influenced.
When the existing tobacco planting equipment is used for punching and fertilizing, the problem that punching and fertilizing frequency is inconsistent exists, so that too little or too much fertilizer is applied in punched holes, even the situation that no fertilizer is applied in the holes exists, and the improvement of the tobacco planting quality is greatly restricted.
Therefore, a punching and fertilizing device for tobacco planting is needed to solve the problems.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the above, the invention aims to provide the punching and fertilizing device and method for tobacco planting, which can realize the synchronous operation of mechanical punching and fertilizing, reduce the labor intensity, effectively ensure the uniformity of fertilizing and meet the requirements of tobacco planting.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a punching and fertilizing device for tobacco planting comprises a rotary tillage mechanism, a punching mechanism and a fertilizing mechanism, wherein the rotary tillage mechanism is used for carrying out rotary tillage operation on the ground, the punching mechanism is used for carrying out punching operation on the ground after rotary tillage to enable the ground to form a plurality of hole sites, the punching mechanism and the fertilizing mechanism are both arranged on one side of the rotary tillage mechanism, the punching mechanism comprises a first driving mechanism and a puncher, the first driving mechanism is connected with the puncher, the fertilizing mechanism is arranged above the puncher, and the fertilizing mechanism is used for carrying out fertilizing operation in the hole sites punched by the punching mechanism;
when the rotary tillage mechanism moves, the punching mechanism and the fertilizing mechanism move together with the rotary tillage mechanism, the puncher is used for pushing soil loosened by the rotary tillage mechanism to two sides of the puncher, and the puncher is driven by the first driving mechanism to reciprocate up and down, so that a plurality of hole sites are formed on the ground at intervals in the moving direction of the rotary tillage mechanism; wherein, the hole puncher is once carried out up-and-down reciprocating motion, and fertilization operation is carried out once in step to the fertilization mechanism.
In one embodiment, the hole puncher is provided with a retaining plate, when the rotary tillage mechanism performs soil preparation and loosening operation on the ground in the moving direction of the rotary tillage mechanism, the retaining plate guides soil loosened by the rotary tillage mechanism, so that the soil loosened by the rotary tillage mechanism is pushed towards two sides of the retaining plate, and the first driving mechanism is matched to drive the retaining plate to reciprocate up and down, so that a plurality of hole sites are formed on the ground at intervals in the moving direction of the rotary tillage mechanism.
In one embodiment, the first driving mechanism comprises a driving motor, a driving disc, a crank, a sliding rail and a sliding rod, the driving motor is connected with the driving disc, the driving motor drives the driving disc to rotate, one end of the crank is arranged at the edge of the driving disc, the other end of the crank is connected with the sliding rod, one end of the sliding rod is connected with the puncher, the sliding rod is clamped on the sliding rail, and the sliding rod moves along the direction of the sliding rail.
In one embodiment, the slide rail is fixed on the fertilizing mechanism, the slide rod is clamped on the slide rail through a limiting mechanism, the limiting mechanism comprises a limiting lug arranged on the slide rail and a limiting clamping groove clamped on the slide rod, and the limiting lug is clamped in the limiting clamping groove.
In one embodiment, the rotary tillage mechanism comprises a support frame, a rotary cultivator and a third driving mechanism, the rotary cultivator is arranged on the support frame, and the third driving mechanism is connected with the rotary cultivator; be provided with two backup pads on the support frame, the pivot is held between two backup pads through the bearing card, the rotary cultivator includes the pivot and sets up at the epaxial rotary blade of changeing, third actuating mechanism one end is connected with pivot middle part, rotary cultivator evenly distributed is in third actuating mechanism both sides.
In one embodiment, the fertilizing mechanism comprises a fertilizer box and an adjusting mechanism, the fertilizer box is used for storing fertilizer, the adjusting mechanism is communicated with the fertilizer box and is used for prestoring the fertilizer, and the adjusting mechanism is arranged above the hole puncher; the adjusting mechanism is provided with a feeding port and a discharging port, the feeding port is communicated with the fertilizer box, the discharging port is arranged above the puncher, and pre-stored fertilizer falling from the discharging port in the adjusting mechanism passes through the puncher and falls into the hole site; the adjusting mechanism comprises a feeding shell, a movable plate is arranged in the feeding shell, the movable plate divides the feeding shell into a movable bin and a storage bin, the pre-stored fertilizer is arranged in the storage bin, the feeding port is arranged at the top of the storage bin in a matching mode, and the discharging port is arranged at the bottom of the movable bin in a matching mode; a pushing assembly is arranged on one side of the movable plate and movably arranged in the feeding shell, and the storage bin is formed by the pushing assembly, the movable plate and the feeding shell which are enclosed together; the pushing assembly is provided with a material baffle plate at one side of an opening above the storage bin, the pushing assembly further comprises a push rod and a movable block connected with the push rod, and the position of the movable block in the storage bin is adjusted by moving the push rod; a mounting hole is formed in one side of the pushing assembly, the push rod penetrates through the mounting hole, and the push rod is in threaded connection with the mounting hole;
when the hole puncher was punched the operation, fertilizing mechanism also began to carry out the fertilization operation, and outside actuating mechanism drive propelling movement subassembly prestores fertilizer propelling movement to discharge gate department in with the storage silo to fall in the hole site that the hole puncher was beaten.
In one embodiment, the fertilizing mechanism further comprises a fertilizer falling plate, the fertilizer falling plate is arranged above the hole puncher and comprises two parallel supporting rods, a plurality of inverted V-shaped material blocking pieces are arranged between the two supporting rods at intervals, and a gap is reserved between every two adjacent material blocking pieces.
In one embodiment, a soil retaining cover is arranged at the outer side part of the rotary tillage mechanism, the soil retaining cover comprises two side plates, the rear ends of the side plates are provided with limiting plates which are bent inwards, an upper cover plate is arranged above the side plates and is arranged above the rotary cultivator, the front end part and the rear end part of the upper cover plate are respectively provided with a bevel plate, and a rear baffle is arranged above the rear ends of the side plates.
A tobacco planting, punching and fertilizing method comprises the following steps:
s1, the rotary tillage mechanism moves to drive the punching mechanism and the fertilizing mechanism to move together, and the rotary tillage mechanism carries out rotary tillage operation on the ground in the moving direction;
s2, after the first driving mechanism drives the puncher to move downwards for a preset distance, the external driving device starts to drive the pushing assembly, and the fertilizing mechanism turns from a pre-stored fertilizer state to a fertilizing state;
s3, the first driving mechanism drives the puncher to move downwards to reach the maximum punching depth, the pushing assembly enables all pre-stored fertilizers in the storage bin to fall from the discharge port, and the fertilizing mechanism completes the fertilizer discharging operation;
s4, the initial position that the hole puncher returned to the hole puncher gradually in upward movement under the drive of first actuating mechanism, the initial position that the propelling movement subassembly also returned to the propelling movement subassembly gradually under outside drive arrangement' S drive, in fertilizer in the workbin entered into the storage silo from the pan feeding mouth, fertilizer distributor entered into to prestore the fertilizer state again.
In one embodiment, before the step S1, the method further includes
S5, adjusting the operation parameters of the rotary cultivator and the punching mechanism according to the hole site size and the hole site spacing requirement
In conclusion, the tobacco planting, punching and fertilizing device and method provided by the invention have the advantages that the rotary tillage mechanism carries out rotary tillage operation on the ground in the moving direction of the rotary tillage mechanism to achieve the effect of soil preparation and loosening, the puncher guides the soil prepared by the rotary tillage mechanism and drives the puncher to move up and down by matching with the first driving mechanism, so that a plurality of hole sites are formed on the ground at intervals in the moving direction of the rotary tillage mechanism; the up-and-down reciprocating motion is carried out every time the puncher, and fertilizing mechanism carries out a fertilization operation, realizes the synchronous operation of mechanized punching and fertilization, reduces intensity of labour, effectively guarantees the homogeneity of fertilization, satisfies the demand that the tobacco leaf was planted.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a tobacco leaf punching, fertilizing and micro-cultivating device according to the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of another view angle of the tobacco leaf punching, fertilizing and micro-cultivating device of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the tobacco leaf punching, fertilizing and micro-cultivating device after a soil-retaining cover is hidden;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the tobacco leaf punching, fertilizing and micro-cultivating device of the present invention after hiding a soil-blocking cover and a power mechanism;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the construction of the rotary cultivator of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the rotary tillage base of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the rotary blade of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of a hole punching mechanism according to the present invention;
FIG. 9 is an exploded view of the hole punch mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the adjustment mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a structural cross-sectional view of an adjustment mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a pushing assembly according to the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a schematic view showing the construction of a retaining cover according to the present invention;
FIG. 14 is a schematic structural view of a fertilizer dropping plate according to the present invention;
FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of the punching mechanism of the present invention for performing a punching operation.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
Referring to fig. 1 to 15, the punching and fertilizing device for tobacco planting of the present invention includes a rotary tillage mechanism 200, a punching mechanism 300 and a fertilizing mechanism 400, wherein the rotary tillage mechanism 200 is used for rotary tillage of the ground to achieve soil preparation and loosening, and the punching mechanism 300 is used for punching the ground after rotary tillage to form a plurality of holes 500 on the ground, so as to facilitate tobacco planting.
Specifically, the punching mechanism 300 and the fertilizing mechanism 400 are both arranged on one side of the rotary tillage mechanism 200, the punching mechanism 300 includes a first driving mechanism 310 and a puncher 320, the first driving mechanism 310 is connected with the puncher 320, and the first driving mechanism 310 drives the puncher 320 to move up and down; the fertilizing mechanism 400 is arranged above the hole puncher 320, and the fertilizing mechanism 400 is used for fertilizing in the hole site 500 punched by the hole puncher 300; in this embodiment, rotary tillage mechanism 200 is used for carrying out the rotary tillage operation to the ridge to realize the soil preparation effect of loosening the soil, the operation of punching is used for punching the ridge to mechanism 300 of punching, when forming hole site 500 on the ridge, fertilizing mechanism 400 is used for the synchronous fertilization operation that carries out in the hole site 500 that punches to mechanism 300 of punching, realizes mechanized punching and the synchronous operation of fertilization, reduces intensity of labour, effectively guarantees the homogeneity of fertilization, satisfies the demand that the tobacco leaf was planted.
When the rotary tillage mechanism 200 moves, the hole puncher 300 and the fertilizing mechanism 400 move together with the rotary tillage mechanism 200, the hole puncher 320 is used for pushing soil loosened by the rotary tillage mechanism 200 to two sides of the hole puncher 320, and the hole puncher 320 is driven by the first driving mechanism 310 to reciprocate up and down, so that a plurality of hole sites 500 are formed on the ground at intervals in the moving direction of the rotary tillage mechanism 200; wherein, the fertilizer mechanism 400 synchronously executes a fertilizer application operation every time the puncher 320 executes an up-and-down reciprocating motion.
In one embodiment, the tobacco planting, perforating and fertilizing device further comprises a power mechanism 100, wherein the power mechanism 100 is arranged on one side of the rotary tillage mechanism 200 and is used for further providing power for moving the rotary tillage mechanism 200; the power mechanism 100 and the rotary tillage mechanism 200 can also be integrated into a single mechanism as required, that is, the rotary tillage mechanism 200 includes the power mechanism 100, and the rotary tillage mechanism 200 provides power for moving and rotary tillage independently.
The rotary tillage mechanism 200, the punching mechanism 300 and the fertilizing mechanism 400 are all arranged on the power mechanism 100, and the power mechanism 100 drives the rotary tillage mechanism 200, the punching mechanism 300 and the fertilizing mechanism 400 to move; when the power mechanism 100 drives the hole punching mechanism 300 and the rotary tillage mechanism 200 to move, the hole puncher 320 pushes the soil loosened by the rotary tillage mechanism 200 towards two sides, and the hole puncher 320 is driven by the first driving mechanism 310 to reciprocate up and down, so that a plurality of hole sites 500 are formed on the ground at intervals in the moving direction of the rotary tillage mechanism 200.
In this embodiment, the power mechanism 100 is separated from the rotary tillage mechanism 200, the power mechanism 100 includes a frame body 110, a second driving mechanism 120 is disposed on the frame body 110, the driving wheels 130 are disposed on two sides of the frame body 110, and the second driving mechanism 120 is configured to drive the driving wheels 130 to move along a traveling direction; in this embodiment, the wheel diameter of drive wheel 130 is 68mm, and the wheel base is 100mm to guarantee that drive wheel 130 is in the ditch inslot of ridge both sides in order to make things convenient for drive wheel 130 to advance along the ditch groove direction, also guarantee that support body 110 is in the ridge top, avoid support body 110 bottom to cause the scraping to the soil on the ridge and influence the ridging quality.
The rotary tillage mechanism 200 comprises a support frame 210, a rotary cultivator 220 and a third driving mechanism 230, wherein the support frame 210 is fixedly arranged on one side of the power mechanism 100, the fertilizing mechanism 400 is fixedly arranged on one side of the support frame 210, specifically, the support frame 210 is fixedly arranged on one side of the frame body 110, the rotary cultivator 220 is arranged on the support frame 210, the third driving mechanism 230 is connected with the rotary cultivator 220, and the third driving mechanism 230 drives the rotary cultivator 220 to operate so as to perform rotary tillage operation on the ground.
Specifically, the rotary cultivator 220 comprises a rotating shaft 221 and rotary blades 222 arranged on the rotating shaft 221, the rotating shaft 221 is clamped and arranged on the support frame 210, the third driving mechanism 230 is connected with the rotating shaft 221, and the third driving mechanism 230 drives the rotating shaft 221 to rotate, so that the rotary blades 222 rotate synchronously, and the effects of soil preparation and soil loosening on the ground are achieved; a rotary tillage seat 223 is arranged on the rotating shaft 221, the rotary tillage seat 223 is fixed on the rotating shaft 221 through a screw fitting in a sleeved mode and rotates along with the rotating shaft 221, a plurality of clamping groove portions 224 are arranged on the outer surface of the rotary tillage seat 223 in a staggered mode at intervals, and the rotary tillage blades 222 are arranged in the clamping groove portions 224, so that the soil loosening area of the rotary cultivator 220 is larger, and the efficiency is higher; the rotary tillage blade 222 is a 7-shaped blade structure, the rotary tillage blade 222 comprises a main body portion 2221 and a blade tip portion 2222, the main body portion 2221 is arranged in the clamping groove portion 224, an included angle between the main body portion 2221 and the blade tip portion 2222 is 120-140 degrees, preferably, an included angle between the main body portion 2221 and the blade tip portion 2222 is 130 degrees, and the probability that the rotary tillage blade 222 is blocked by straw and stalks can be reduced on the premise that the rotary tillage effect of the rotary tillage mechanism 200 is good.
In this embodiment, third actuating mechanism 230 is fixed to be set up in support body 110 one side, be provided with two backup pads 211 on the support frame 210, pivot 221 passes through the bearing card and holds between two backup pads 211, third actuating mechanism 230 extends to support frame 210 below and is connected with pivot 221 middle part from support body 110 one side, rotary cultivator 220 evenly distributed is in third actuating mechanism 230 both sides to when rotary cultivator 220 loosens the soil the operation to ground, effectively guarantee pivot 221 atress equilibrium.
The hole puncher 320 further comprises a fixing seat 322, the soil retaining plate 321 is arranged on one side of the fixing seat 322, specifically, the soil retaining plate 321 is arranged on the front side part of the fixing seat 322 to guide soil loosened by the rotary tillage mechanism 200 to two sides of the fixing seat 322, the fixing seat 322 is of a hollow structure, so that fertilizer in the fertilizing mechanism 400 can conveniently pass through the fixing seat 322 and fall into a hole site 500 formed by the soil loosened by the rotary tillage mechanism 200 pushed by the soil retaining plate 321; the cross section of the soil retaining plate 321 is a V-shaped structure to reduce the resistance of soil loosened by the rotary tillage mechanism 200 to the hole puncher 320, in this embodiment, the width of the soil retaining plate 321 is 20cm to avoid that the soil in the hole site 500 drops too fast, and the length of the soil retaining plate 321 is 20cm to facilitate the control of the depth of the hole site 500, and avoid that the soil drops into the fixing seat 322 after the soil is piled up to a higher degree due to too high depth of the hole site 500 to affect the normal fertilizing operation of the fertilizing mechanism 400; in other embodiments, the retaining plate 321 may alternatively be provided in a straight panel or an arc-shaped plate configuration.
In one embodiment, the bottom end face of the hole puncher 320 is a chamfered structure, and specifically, the bottom end faces of the fixing base 322 and the retaining plate 321 are chamfered structures, and during the punching operation of the punching mechanism 300, the bottom ends of the fixing base 322 and the retaining plate 321 are tangent to the shape of the hole 400 formed on the ground, so as to prevent the fixing base 322 and the retaining plate 321 from interfering with the formation of the hole 400 and affecting the forming quality of the hole 400.
The first driving mechanism 310 comprises a driving motor 311, a driving disc 312, a crank 313, a sliding rail 314 and a sliding rod 315, wherein the driving motor 311 is arranged on a fixed frame 330, the driving motor 311 is connected with the driving disc 312, the driving motor 311 drives the driving disc 312 to rotate, one end of the crank 313 is arranged at the edge of the driving disc 312, the other end of the crank 313 is connected with the sliding rod 315, one end of the sliding rod 315 is connected with the puncher 320, the sliding rod 315 is clamped on the sliding rail 314, and the sliding rod 315 moves along the direction of the sliding rail 314; specifically, the driving motor 311 drives the driving disc 312 to rotate, so that the crank 313 also rotates along with the driving disc 312, and further drives the sliding rod 315 to slide back and forth along the direction of the sliding rail 314, and the puncher 320 is connected with the sliding rod 315, so that the puncher 320 slides back and forth along the direction of the sliding rail 314, and the puncher 320 moves up and down along the sliding rail 314 while following the back of the rotary tillage mechanism 200, so that the puncher 320 performs hole drilling operation on the ground in the moving direction of the rotary tillage mechanism 200.
Specifically, the slide rail 314 is fixed on the fertilizing mechanism 400, and the slide bar 315 is clamped on the slide rail 314 through a limiting mechanism, in this embodiment, the limiting mechanism includes a limiting protrusion 3141 disposed on the slide rail 314 and a limiting clamping groove 3151 clamped on the slide bar 315, and the limiting protrusion 3141 is clamped in the limiting clamping groove 3151, so as to prevent the slide bar 315 from separating from the slide rail 314 and affecting the use quality of the punching mechanism 300.
In other embodiments, alternatively, the limiting mechanism includes a limiting protrusion 3141 disposed on the sliding rod 315 and a limiting clamping groove 3151 disposed on the sliding rail 314; or, as required, sliding grooves are formed in the sliding rail 314 or the sliding rod 315 to realize butt joint and clamping of the sliding rail 314 and the sliding rod 315, so as to avoid the problem of quality of the punching mechanism 300 caused by the mutual separation of the sliding rod 315 and the sliding rail 314.
In one embodiment, the puncher 320 is fixedly connected with the sliding rod 315 through a screw, and since the up-and-down movement displacement of the sliding rod 315 of the first driving mechanism 310 is kept unchanged, the punching depth of the puncher 320 is adjusted by adjusting the fixing position of the puncher 320 on the sliding rod 315, so as to meet different requirements of tobacco planting punching.
The fertilizing mechanism 400 is matched with the punching mechanism 300, the fertilizing mechanism 400 comprises a fertilizer box 410 and an adjusting mechanism 420, the fertilizer box 410 is used for storing fertilizer, the adjusting mechanism 420 is communicated with the fertilizer box 410, the adjusting mechanism 420 is used for pre-storing fertilizer so as to control the falling amount of the fertilizer in the fertilizer box 410, and the adjusting mechanism 420 is arranged above the puncher 320; adjustment mechanism 420 is provided with pan feeding mouth 401 and discharge gate 402, pan feeding mouth 401 and fertilizer case 410 intercommunication set up, discharge gate 402 sets up in hole puncher 320 top, and the fertilizer that drops from discharge gate 402 in adjustment mechanism 420 prestores passes hole puncher 320 and drops to in the hole site 500, realizes mechanized punching and the synchronous operation of fertilizeing, reduces intensity of labour, effectively guarantees the homogeneity of fertilizeing, satisfies the demand that the tobacco leaf was planted.
The adjusting mechanism 420 comprises a feeding shell 421, the feeding shell 421 is arranged on the support frame 210, the slide rail 314 is fixedly arranged on one side of the feeding shell 421, a movable plate 422 is arranged in the feeding shell 421, the movable plate 422 divides the feeding shell 421 into a movable bin 403 and a storage bin 404, the pre-stored fertilizer is arranged in the storage bin 404, in an initial state, the feeding port 401 is arranged at the top of the storage bin 404 in a matching manner, and the discharging port 402 is arranged at the bottom of the movable bin 403 in a matching manner; a pushing assembly 423 is arranged on one side of the movable plate 422, the pushing assembly 423 is movably arranged in the feeding shell 421, and the storage bin 404 is formed by the pushing assembly 423, the movable plate 422 and the feeding shell 421 which are enclosed together; the pushing assembly 423 can move back and forth in the feeding housing 421 under the driving of the external driving device, and when the pushing assembly 423 drives the movable plate 422 to move in the feeding housing 421, the pre-stored fertilizer in the storage bin 404 also moves along with the movable plate 422, so as to push the pre-stored fertilizer in the storage bin 404 to the discharge hole 402 and drop into the hole site 500 punched by the puncher 320, thereby realizing the fertilizing operation.
Specifically, fertilizer in the fertilizer box 410 enters the storage bin 404 through the feeding port 401, a layer of movable plate 422 is arranged between the storage bin 404 and the movable bin 403, and the movable plate 422 plays a role in isolating the movable bin 403 from the storage bin 404; when the pushing assembly 423 moves leftwards, because the pushing assembly 423 is connected with the movable plate 422, the pushing assembly 423 can push the movable plate 422 to move leftwards to the discharge port 402, a gap is formed between the pushing assembly 423 and the discharge port 402, and under the action of gravity, fertilizer in the storage bin 404 pushed by the pushing assembly 423 flows out of the gap between the pushing assembly 423 and the discharge port 402 and falls into the hole sites 500 punched by the hole puncher 320 from the discharge port 402, so that the fertilizing operation is realized; in addition, the fertilizing amount is controlled by setting the capacity of the storage bin 404 or controlling the fertilizer falling into the storage bin 404, so that the effects of controllable fertilizing amount and uniform fertilizing are ensured; in this embodiment, the pushing assembly 423 can be controlled by an external driving device to complete the moving operation of the pushing assembly 423 in the supply housing 421.
In one embodiment, the material blocking plate 4231 is arranged on the side of the opening 4041 above the storage bin 404 of the pushing assembly 423, when the pushing assembly 423 is in the initial position, the opening 4041 above the storage bin 404 is communicated with the material inlet 401, and fertilizer can fall into the storage bin 404 from the material inlet 401; when the pushing assembly 423 drives the movable plate 422 to move leftward to a preset position, the material blocking plate 4231 of the pushing assembly 423 seals the material inlet 401 to block the fertilizer from continuously flowing into the storage bin 404 from the material inlet 401; specifically, the area of the opening 4041 of the storage bin 404 may be larger than the area of the material inlet 401, so as to ensure that fertilizer falling from the material inlet 401 completely falls into the storage bin 404, when the movable plate 422 is to move to the position of the material outlet 402, the material baffle 4231 of the pushing assembly 423 seals the material inlet 401, it is ensured that no additional fertilizer flows into the storage bin 404 from the material inlet 401 before the material is discharged by the adjusting mechanism 420, and then the pushing assembly 423 continues to drive the movable plate 422 to move leftward until the fertilizer completely flows out from the gap between the movable plate 422 and the material outlet 402, so as to implement the fertilizing operation.
In one embodiment, the pushing assembly 423 further comprises a push rod 4232 and a movable block 4233 connected with the push rod 4232, and the position of the movable block 4233 in the storage bin 404 is adjusted by moving the push rod 4232 to control the storage volume of the storage bin 404, so as to control the single fertilizing amount of the fertilizing mechanism 400, ensure that the fertilizing amount can be adjusted, and meet the fertilizer requirement of different tobacco planting; the push rod 4232 is the lead screw structure, the push rod 4232 runs through the setting of propelling movement subassembly 423 one side, specifically, propelling movement subassembly 423 one side is provided with the mounting hole, the push rod 4232 passes the mounting hole setting, push rod 4232 and mounting hole threaded connection, push rod 4232 accessible bearing connected mode is connected with movable block 4233 to when guaranteeing to move left or right along the central axis of self at push rod 4232, movable block 4233 also moves left or right in step, thereby realizes the adjustment to the storage volume of storage silo 404, thereby control the single fertilization volume of fertilization mechanism 400, ensure that the fertilization volume can be adjusted, satisfy the fertilizer demand of different tobacco planting.
In one embodiment, a return spring 424 is arranged on one side of the pushing assembly 423, a fixing plate 425 is arranged on one side of the lower end portion of the fertilizer box 410, one end of the return spring 424 is connected with the fixing plate 425, and the pushing assembly 423 is driven by an external driving device to move in a direction away from the fixing plate 425, so that pre-stored fertilizer in the storage bin 404 is pushed to the discharge hole 402 and falls into the hole position 500 punched by the puncher 320, and fertilizing operation is achieved; when the pushing assembly 423 needs to be returned, the restoring force of the restoring spring 424 can be used to drive the pushing assembly 423 to return to the original position, thereby realizing the back-and-forth operation of the pushing assembly 423.
In this embodiment, the external driving device may drive the pushing assembly 423 to move by using the external driving motor 311 in combination with the pulling cable, for example, one end of the pulling cable is connected to the pushing assembly 423, the middle part of the pulling cable is wound around the pulley, the other end of the pulling cable is connected to the rotating shaft 221 of the external driving motor 311, and both the external driving motor 311 and the pulley can be fixed at the lower end of the fertilizer box 410; in other embodiments, the external driving device may also adopt a mode of combining the external driving motor 311 with a screw transmission, or a mode of combining a pushing cylinder with a pushing rod structure, and the like.
In one embodiment, the hole punching mechanism 300 further comprises a first controller for controlling the operation state of the first driving mechanism 100, and the fertilizing mechanism 400 further comprises a second controller for controlling the operation state of the adjusting mechanism 420, and further, the second controller is used for controlling the operation state of the pushing assembly 423.
Specifically, when the punching mechanism 300 starts to perform a punching operation, the first controller controls the first driving mechanism 310 to drive the puncher 320 to move downwards for a preset distance, and sends a signal to the second controller, and the second controller controls the external driving device to drive the pushing assembly 423 to move; when the second controller detects that the puncher 320 moves downwards for another distance, in this embodiment, after the second controller detects that the puncher 320 moves downwards to the maximum punching depth, a signal is sent to the second controller, at this time, the pushing assembly 423 drops all the pre-stored fertilizers in the storage bin 404 from the discharge hole 402, and the second controller starts to control the pushing assembly 423 to perform a return movement, so as to prepare for the next fertilization operation.
In one embodiment, the frame body 110 is provided with a handle 140, and the handle 140 is rotatably arranged on the frame body 110, so that an operator can conveniently grip the handle 140 from a groove at the side of the ridge, and the driving direction of the driving wheel 130 can be adjusted by adjusting and applying force to the handle 140, so that the device can cultivate the ridge in a winding manner.
In one embodiment, the fertilizing mechanism 400 further comprises a fertilizer dropping plate 430, the fertilizer dropping plate 430 is disposed above the hole puncher 320, and specifically, the fertilizer dropping plate 430 is disposed between the discharge hole 402 of the adjusting mechanism 420 and the hole puncher 320 in a matching manner, so as to distribute the fertilizer dropping from the discharge hole 402 of the adjusting mechanism 420, so as to increase the fertilizing area of the fertilizer; the fertilizer falling plate 430 comprises two parallel supporting rods 431, a plurality of inverted V-shaped material blocking sheets 432 are arranged between the two supporting rods 431 at intervals, a gap exists between the two adjacent material blocking sheets 432, and fertilizer falling from the discharging port 402 falls into the hole sites 500 from two sides of the material blocking sheets 432 under the guiding action of the material blocking sheets 432, so that the fertilizer application area of the fertilizer applying mechanism 400 is effectively increased.
In one embodiment, a soil retaining cover 600 is arranged at the outer side part of the rotary tillage mechanism 200, the soil retaining cover 600 is fixedly arranged on the support frame 210, the soil retaining cover 600 comprises two side plates 610, the two side plates 610 are arranged in parallel, when the rotary tillage mechanism 200 performs soil preparation and loosening operation, the side plates 610 can effectively prevent the prepared and loosened soil from falling into the grooves at the two sides of the ridge, and the efficient utilization rate of the prepared and loosened soil is ensured; when the rotary tillage mechanism 200 moves along the moving direction, a small amount of soil also sinks into the bottom of the front end of the side plate 610, and the bottom of the front end of the side plate 610 is of an arc structure, so that the resistance action of the soil on the advancing path of the side plate 610 can be effectively reduced; limiting plates 620 are arranged at the rear ends of the side plates 610 in an inwards bent mode, and the limiting plates 620 are used for gathering soil loosened by the rotary tillage mechanisms 200 so as to improve stability of the hole sites 500.
An upper cover plate 630 is arranged above the side plate 610, the upper cover plate 630 is arranged above the rotary cultivator 220, and the front end part and the rear end part of the upper cover plate 630 are respectively provided with an inclined plate 631 so as to separate soil turned by the rotary cultivator 220 and prevent the turned soil from separating from ridges to influence the ridging quality; the rear end top of curb plate 610 is provided with backplate 640, backplate 640 is an acute angle slope setting with ground, backplate 640 is close to the setting of punching mechanism 300 to the condition of avoiding the soil departure retaining cap 600 that hole puncher 320 spilled out at the lift motion in-process takes place.
When the rotary cultivator works, the rotary cultivator mechanism 200 moves and drives the punching mechanism 300 and the fertilizing mechanism 400 to move together, and at the moment, the third driving mechanism 230 drives the rotary cultivator 220 to move, so that rotary cultivation operation is carried out on the ground on the moving route; when the soil loosened on the moving path needs to be punched, the first driving mechanism 310 drives the puncher 320 to move up and down, and when the puncher 320 moves up and down, the soil blocking plate 321 on the puncher 320 guides the soil loosened by the rotary tillage mechanism 200, so that a plurality of hole sites 500 are formed on the ground on the moving path; when hole puncher 320 punched the operation, fertilizing mechanism 400 also began to fertilize the operation, and outside actuating mechanism drive propelling movement subassembly 423 with the fertilizer propelling movement that prestores in the storage silo 404 to discharge gate 402 department to drop to the hole site 500 that hole puncher 320 was beaten in, realize mechanized punching and the synchronous operation who fertilizes, reduce intensity of labour, effectively guarantee the homogeneity of fertilizeing, satisfy the demand that the tobacco leaf was planted.
In this embodiment, the specific matching process of the fertilizing mechanism 400 and the punching mechanism 300 is as follows: in the initial state, the puncher 320 is higher than the ground by a certain distance, in this embodiment, the height of the puncher 320 in the initial state from the ground is 5cm, after the first driving mechanism 310 drives the puncher 320 to move downward by 5cm, the external driving device starts to drive the pushing assembly 423, the fertilizing mechanism 400 is turned from the pre-stored fertilizer state to the fertilizing state, when the puncher 320 reaches the maximum punching depth, the pushing assembly 423 drops all the pre-stored fertilizer in the storage bin 404 from the discharge port 402, and the fertilizing mechanism 400 completes the fertilizer discharging operation; the puncher 320 returns to the original position upwards under the driving of the first driving mechanism 310, when the puncher 320 is separated from the ground, that is, the puncher 320 is 5cm away from the original position, the pushing assembly 423 returns to the original position under the driving of the external driving device, the fertilizer in the fertilizer box 410 enters the storage bin 404 from the feeding port 401, and the fertilizer applying mechanism 400 enters the pre-stored fertilizer state again.
Referring to fig. 1 to 15, according to the above-mentioned rotary tillage, punching and fertilizing device for tobacco leaves of the present invention, the present invention provides a method for planting, punching and fertilizing tobacco leaves, in which the rotary tillage mechanism 200, the punching mechanism 300 and the fertilizing mechanism 400 involved in the method can be the same as the technical features described in the above-mentioned embodiment of the device for rotary tillage, punching and fertilizing for tobacco leaves, and can produce the same technical effects. The invention relates to a tobacco planting, punching and fertilizing method, which is characterized in that rotary tillage operation is carried out on the ground in the moving direction of a rotary tillage mechanism 200 to achieve the effect of soil preparation and loosening, a puncher 320 guides the soil prepared by loosening the rotary tillage mechanism 200 and drives the puncher 320 to move up and down by matching with a first driving mechanism 310, so that a plurality of hole sites 500 are formed on the ground at intervals in the moving direction of the rotary tillage mechanism 200; when the puncher 320 performs up-and-down reciprocating motion once, the fertilizing mechanism 400 performs one fertilizing operation, so that the mechanical punching and fertilizing synchronous operation is realized, the labor intensity is reduced, the fertilizing uniformity is effectively ensured, and the requirement of tobacco planting is met.
A tobacco planting, punching and fertilizing method comprises the following steps:
s1, the rotary tillage mechanism 200 moves to drive the punching mechanism 300 and the fertilizing mechanism 400 to move together, and the rotary tillage mechanism 200 carries out rotary tillage operation on the ground in the moving direction;
s2, after the first driving mechanism 310 drives the puncher 320 to move downward for a preset distance, the external driving device starts to drive the pushing assembly 423, and the fertilizing mechanism 400 changes from a pre-stored fertilizer state to a fertilizing state; in this embodiment, in the initial state, the puncher 320 is 5cm higher than the ground, and the preset distance is 5 cm;
s3, the first driving mechanism 310 drives the puncher 320 to move downwards to reach the maximum punching depth, the pushing assembly 423 enables all pre-stored fertilizers in the storage bin 404 to fall from the discharge hole 402, and the fertilizing mechanism 400 completes the fertilizer discharging operation;
s4, the hole puncher 320 moves upward under the driving of the first driving mechanism 310 to gradually return to the initial position of the hole puncher 320, the pushing component 423 also gradually returns to the initial position of the pushing component 423 under the driving of the external driving device, the fertilizer in the fertilizer can 410 enters the storage bin 404 from the feeding port 401, and the fertilizer applying mechanism 400 enters the pre-stored fertilizer state again.
In one embodiment, before the step S1, the method further includes
S5, adjusting the operation parameters of the rotary tillage mechanism 200 and the punching mechanism 300 according to the requirements of the size of the hole site 500 and the distance between the hole sites 500; wherein, the up-and-down reciprocating period of the puncher 320 is the hole site distance/the moving speed of the rotary tillage mechanism 200, and the hole site distance is the distance between the two bottom ends of the adjacent hole sites 500; the operation parameter of the rotary tillage mechanism 200 is the moving speed of the rotary tillage mechanism 200, and the operation parameter of the hole punching mechanism 300 is the sliding speed of the sliding rod 315 in the reciprocating process on the sliding rail 314.
In summary, the tobacco planting, punching and fertilizing device and method of the invention can achieve the effect of soil preparation and loosening by rotary tillage of the ground in the moving direction of the rotary tillage mechanism 200, the hole puncher 320 guides the soil prepared by the rotary tillage mechanism 200, and the hole puncher 320 is driven to move up and down by matching with the first driving mechanism 310, so that the ground forms a plurality of hole sites 500 at intervals in the moving direction of the rotary tillage mechanism 200; when the puncher 320 performs up-and-down reciprocating motion once, the fertilizing mechanism 400 performs one fertilizing operation, so that the mechanical punching and fertilizing synchronous operation is realized, the labor intensity is reduced, the uniformity of fertilization is effectively ensured, and the requirement of tobacco planting is met.
The above examples are merely illustrative of several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a tobacco planting fertilizer injection unit that punches which characterized in that: the rotary tillage machine comprises a rotary tillage mechanism, a punching mechanism and a fertilizing mechanism, wherein the rotary tillage mechanism is used for carrying out rotary tillage operation on the ground, the punching mechanism is used for punching on the ground after rotary tillage to enable the ground to form a plurality of hole sites, the punching mechanism and the fertilizing mechanism are both arranged on one side of the rotary tillage mechanism, the punching mechanism comprises a first driving mechanism and a puncher, the first driving mechanism is connected with the puncher, the fertilizing mechanism is arranged above the puncher, and the fertilizing mechanism is used for fertilizing in the hole sites punched by the punching mechanism;
when the rotary tillage mechanism moves, the punching mechanism and the fertilizing mechanism move together with the rotary tillage mechanism, the puncher is used for pushing soil loosened by the rotary tillage mechanism to two sides of the puncher, and the puncher is driven by the first driving mechanism to reciprocate up and down, so that a plurality of hole sites are formed on the ground at intervals in the moving direction of the rotary tillage mechanism; wherein, the hole puncher is once carried out up-and-down reciprocating motion, and fertilization operation is carried out once in step to the fertilization mechanism.
2. The tobacco planting, punching and fertilizing device of claim 1, characterized in that: be provided with the fender board on the hole puncher, when rotary tillage mechanism carries out the soil preparation operation of loosening the soil to the ground on its moving direction, the soil after the soil fender board is put the rotary tillage mechanism into order pine leads for soil after the rotary tillage mechanism is put into order pine pushes away towards fender board both sides, cooperates first actuating mechanism to drive and keeps off the soil board and do reciprocating motion from top to bottom, makes ground form a plurality of hole sites at the interval on rotary tillage mechanism moving direction.
3. The tobacco planting, punching and fertilizing device of claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: first actuating mechanism includes driving motor, driving-disc, crank, slide rail and slide bar, driving motor is connected with the driving-disc, driving motor drives the driving-disc and rotates, crank one end sets up in driving-disc edge, the crank other end and slide bar connection, slide bar one end is connected with the hole puncher, the slide bar card is held on the slide rail, the slide bar moves along the slide rail direction.
4. The tobacco planting, punching and fertilizing device of claim 3, characterized in that: the slide rail is fixed on the fertilizing mechanism, the slide bar is clamped on the slide rail through a limiting mechanism, the limiting mechanism comprises a limiting convex block arranged on the slide rail and a limiting clamping groove clamped on the slide bar, and the limiting convex block is clamped in the limiting clamping groove.
5. The tobacco planting, punching and fertilizing device of claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the rotary tillage mechanism comprises a support frame, a rotary cultivator and a third driving mechanism, the rotary cultivator is arranged on the support frame, and the third driving mechanism is connected with the rotary cultivator; be provided with two backup pads on the support frame, the pivot is held between two backup pads through the bearing card, the rotary cultivator includes the pivot and sets up at the epaxial rotary blade of changeing, third actuating mechanism one end is connected with pivot middle part, rotary cultivator evenly distributed is in third actuating mechanism both sides.
6. The tobacco planting, punching and fertilizing device of claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the fertilizer applying mechanism comprises a fertilizer box and an adjusting mechanism, the fertilizer box is used for storing fertilizer, the adjusting mechanism is communicated with the fertilizer box and used for prestoring the fertilizer, and the adjusting mechanism is arranged above the hole puncher; the adjusting mechanism is provided with a feeding port and a discharging port, the feeding port is communicated with the fertilizer box, the discharging port is arranged above the puncher, and pre-stored fertilizer falling from the discharging port in the adjusting mechanism passes through the puncher and falls into the hole site; the adjusting mechanism comprises a feeding shell, a movable plate is arranged in the feeding shell, the movable plate divides the feeding shell into a movable bin and a storage bin, the pre-stored fertilizer is arranged in the storage bin, the feeding port is arranged at the top of the storage bin in a matching mode, and the discharging port is arranged at the bottom of the movable bin in a matching mode; a pushing assembly is arranged on one side of the movable plate and movably arranged in the feeding shell, and the storage bin is formed by the pushing assembly, the movable plate and the feeding shell which are enclosed together; the pushing assembly is provided with a material baffle plate at one side of an opening above the storage bin, the pushing assembly further comprises a push rod and a movable block connected with the push rod, and the position of the movable block in the storage bin is adjusted by moving the push rod; a mounting hole is formed in one side of the pushing assembly, the push rod penetrates through the mounting hole, and the push rod is in threaded connection with the mounting hole;
when the hole puncher was punched the operation, fertilizing mechanism also began to carry out the fertilization operation, and outside actuating mechanism drive propelling movement subassembly prestores fertilizer propelling movement to discharge gate department in with the storage silo to fall in the hole site that the hole puncher was beaten.
7. The punching and fertilizing device for tobacco planting according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: fertilizing mechanism still includes the fertile board that falls, fall fertile board setting in the hole puncher top, fall fertile board and include two parallel arrangement's branch, two the interval is provided with the fender piece of a plurality of "V" shapes of falling between the branch, and is double-phase adjacent there is the clearance between the fender piece.
8. The tobacco planting, punching and fertilizing device of claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the rotary tillage mechanism outside portion is provided with keeps off the soil cover, it includes the both sides board to keep off the soil cover, the curb plate rear end is buckled inwards and is provided with the limiting plate, the curb plate top is provided with the upper cover plate, the upper cover plate sets up in the rotary cultivator top, tip and back tip are provided with the inclined plane board respectively before the upper cover plate, curb plate rear end top is provided with the backplate.
9. The punching and fertilizing method for tobacco planting is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, the rotary tillage mechanism moves to drive the punching mechanism and the fertilizing mechanism to move together, and the rotary tillage mechanism carries out rotary tillage operation on the ground in the moving direction;
s2, after the first driving mechanism drives the puncher to move downwards for a preset distance, the external driving device starts to drive the pushing assembly, and the fertilizing mechanism turns from a pre-stored fertilizer state to a fertilizing state;
s3, the first driving mechanism drives the puncher to move downwards to reach the maximum punching depth, the pushing assembly enables all pre-stored fertilizers in the storage bin to fall from the discharge port, and the fertilizing mechanism completes the fertilizer discharging operation;
s4, the initial position that the hole puncher returned to the hole puncher gradually in upward movement under the drive of first actuating mechanism, the initial position that the propelling movement subassembly also returned to the propelling movement subassembly gradually under outside drive arrangement' S drive, in fertilizer in the workbin entered into the storage silo from the pan feeding mouth, fertilizer distributor entered into to prestore the fertilizer state again.
10. The tobacco planting, punching and fertilizing method according to claim 9, characterized in that: before the step S1, the method further includes
And S5, adjusting the operation parameters of the rotary cultivator and the punching mechanism according to the hole site size and the hole site spacing requirement.
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN117084011A (en) * | 2023-10-09 | 2023-11-21 | 翟红梅 | Wheat planting fertilizer injection unit is used to agricultural |
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN117084011A (en) * | 2023-10-09 | 2023-11-21 | 翟红梅 | Wheat planting fertilizer injection unit is used to agricultural |
CN117084011B (en) * | 2023-10-09 | 2024-04-19 | 济宁市农业科学研究院 | Wheat planting fertilizer injection unit is used to agricultural |
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