CN114877734A - Hierarchical cold storage type supercritical compressed air energy storage system - Google Patents
Hierarchical cold storage type supercritical compressed air energy storage system Download PDFInfo
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- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 148
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B43/00—Arrangements for separating or purifying gases or liquids; Arrangements for vaporising the residuum of liquid refrigerant, e.g. by heat
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D3/00—Devices using other cold materials; Devices using cold-storage bodies
- F25D3/12—Devices using other cold materials; Devices using cold-storage bodies using solidified gases, e.g. carbon-dioxide snow
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F19/00—Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters or scrapers
- F28F19/01—Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters or scrapers by using means for separating solid materials from heat-exchange fluids, e.g. filters
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E70/00—Other energy conversion or management systems reducing GHG emissions
- Y02E70/30—Systems combining energy storage with energy generation of non-fossil origin
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of supercritical compressed air energy storage and cryogenic cold energy storage, in particular to a graded cold storage type supercritical compressed air energy storage system, which comprises: the energy storage pipeline is provided with a compressor set, a first cold accumulation heat exchanger, a second cold accumulation heat exchanger, a third cold accumulation heat exchanger, a gas-liquid separator and a low-temperature heat insulation storage tank which are connected in sequence; the energy release pipeline is provided with a low-temperature pump, a second cold accumulation heat exchanger, a first cold accumulation heat exchanger and an expansion unit which are connected in sequence; the second cold accumulation heat exchanger is provided with a cold accumulation device in parallel. The air is subjected to graded heat exchange, and compared with single-stage heat exchange, the temperature gradient in the heat exchanger is reduced, so that the temperature change amplitude of a holding stage in the middle of energy storage and release is reduced, the instable time of the system in the initial stage of energy storage and release is reduced, the running stability of the system is improved, and the service life of equipment in the system is prolonged. The cold accumulation device is also provided with a pressure division pipeline to maintain the pressure in the device to be stable, and the stability of the system operation condition is increased.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of supercritical compressed air energy storage technology and cryogenic cold storage technology, in particular to a staged cold storage type supercritical compressed air energy storage system.
Background
Compressed air energy storage is a mature physical energy storage technology for large-scale power grid electricity storage, and can be used for realizing peak clipping and valley filling of a power grid, large-scale intervention and stable output of fluctuating intermittent renewable energy power generation and load balance improvement of distributed regional energy supply. The compressed air energy storage has the advantages of large scale, low construction cost, long service life and the like, is one of large-scale energy storage technologies with development prospect above 100MW, and enters a commercial application stage. However, the compressed air energy storage is limited by geographical conditions due to low energy storage density and the need of large underground salt caverns or rock caverns and other air storage caves, and the construction period is long.
The supercritical compressed air energy storage system is additionally provided with a cryogenic cold storage device on the basis of compressed air energy storage, compressed air is further cooled and expanded into low-pressure liquid air for storage, and electric energy is converted into internal energy of the liquid air for storage. Because the liquid air is high in density, the energy storage density of the supercritical compressed air can reach 18 times of that of the compressed air, the occupied area is greatly reduced, meanwhile, an industrially mature low-temperature liquid storage tank can be used for storing the low-pressure liquid air, the geographical condition limitation is eliminated, and the quick and flexible deployment of the system can be realized. The performance of the cold storage device has a crucial influence on the circulation efficiency of the supercritical compressed air energy storage system, and is also the key for stable and reliable operation of the system. The supercritical compressed air energy storage technology in the prior art is insufficient for consideration of important technical constraints in the process of converting an engineering integration example, and comprises the following steps: 1. the cold accumulation circulation is completely closed, and the pressure of the cold accumulation circulation is periodically and continuously reduced and increased due to the reduction or increase of the integral temperature in the cold accumulation device in the cold accumulation or release process, so that the stability and control of the cold accumulation circulation system are influenced, and particularly the stable operation of a circulating fan is influenced. 2. The influences of the flow quantity of the energy storage and release processes, the difference of the operating conditions, the non-operating condition operating conditions and the deviation of the system pressure field and the temperature field in the maintenance stage on the operation and control stability of the system are not fully considered.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the invention is to overcome the defect that the supercritical compressed air energy storage system in the prior art is poor in stability and inconvenient to control during cold accumulation circulation, so that a graded cold accumulation type supercritical compressed air energy storage system is provided.
In order to solve the above technical problem, the present invention provides a staged cold storage type supercritical compressed air energy storage system, comprising:
the energy storage pipeline is provided with a compressor set, a first cold accumulation heat exchanger, a second cold accumulation heat exchanger, a third cold accumulation heat exchanger, a gas-liquid separator and a low-temperature heat insulation storage tank which are connected in sequence;
the energy release pipeline is provided with a low-temperature heat insulation storage tank, a low-temperature pump, a second cold accumulation heat exchanger, a first cold accumulation heat exchanger and an expansion unit which are connected in sequence;
the second cold accumulation heat exchanger is provided with a cold accumulation device in parallel.
Optionally, the first cold storage heat exchanger comprises a first heat exchange flow channel and a second heat exchange flow channel, the second cold storage heat exchanger comprises a third heat exchange flow channel, a fourth heat exchange flow channel and a fifth heat exchange flow channel, the first heat exchange flow channel is communicated with the fourth heat exchange flow channel, and the second heat exchange flow channel is communicated with the fifth heat exchange flow channel;
the cold accumulation device comprises a first cold accumulation device and a second cold accumulation device, the first cold accumulation device is arranged at two ends from the third heat exchange flow channel, one end of the second cold accumulation device is arranged on the second heat exchange flow channel, and the other end of the second cold accumulation device is arranged on the fifth heat exchange flow channel.
Optionally, a main pressure dividing pipeline is communicated between the first cold accumulation device and the second cold accumulation device, and an auxiliary pressure dividing pipeline is communicated between the main pressure dividing pipeline and the low-temperature heat-insulation storage tank.
Optionally, a main pressure dividing pipeline is communicated between the first cold accumulation device and the second cold accumulation device, the inlet end of the first cold accumulation heat exchanger is communicated with a pressure supplementing branch, and the pressure supplementing branch is communicated with the main pressure dividing pipeline.
Optionally, a pressure relief branch is installed on the main branch pipeline.
Optionally, the gas output from the gas-liquid separator is subjected to primary heat exchange through the first cold accumulation heat exchanger through the gas branch, and then enters the second cold accumulation device for cooling and then enters the compressor unit.
Optionally, an indirect heat exchange device is installed in the second cold accumulation device, and the gas passing through the first cold accumulation heat exchanger enters the indirect heat exchange device to exchange heat for the first time.
Optionally, a decompression expansion device is installed between the third cold storage heat exchanger and the gas-liquid separator.
Optionally, the system further comprises a heat storage and heat exchange subsystem, wherein one side of the heat storage and heat exchange subsystem is installed between the compressor unit and the first cold storage heat exchanger, and the other side of the heat storage and heat exchange subsystem is installed between the first cold storage heat exchanger and the expander unit.
Optionally, a preheater is installed between the heat storage and heat exchange subsystem and the first cold storage heat exchanger, and the outlet end of the expansion unit is communicated with the preheater.
The technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:
1. the invention provides a staged cold accumulation type supercritical compressed air energy storage system, which comprises: the energy storage pipeline is provided with a compressor set, a first cold accumulation heat exchanger, a second cold accumulation heat exchanger, a third cold accumulation heat exchanger, a gas-liquid separator and a low-temperature heat insulation storage tank which are connected in sequence; the energy release pipeline is provided with a low-temperature heat insulation storage tank, a low-temperature pump, a second cold accumulation heat exchanger, a first cold accumulation heat exchanger and an expansion unit which are connected in sequence; the second cold accumulation heat exchanger is provided with a cold accumulation device in parallel.
The metal heat exchange material of the heat exchanger core body is high in heat conductivity, and in the middle holding stage of energy storage and energy release, because the heat exchanger conducts heat along the length direction, the internal temperature of the heat exchanger tends to be consistent, so that the difference between the outlet temperature and the working temperature of the heat exchanger in the initial stage of energy storage and energy release is large, and meanwhile, the service life of the heat exchanger is influenced due to large temperature range cyclic change, and the stability and the control of cold accumulation circulation are influenced. The invention provides a supercritical compressed air energy storage system, which is characterized in that a first cold accumulation heat exchanger, a second cold accumulation heat exchanger and a third cold accumulation heat exchanger are arranged to carry out graded heat exchange on air, so that the temperature gradient in each heat exchanger is reduced compared with the heat exchange of a single cold accumulation heat exchanger, the temperature change amplitude caused by metal heat conduction in each heat exchanger in the intermediate holding stage of energy storage and energy release is further reduced, and meanwhile, because the cores of the three cold accumulation heat exchangers are mutually independent and have no heat conduction effect, a larger certain temperature gradient can be maintained for a long time after series connection, the instable time of the system in the initial stage of energy storage and energy release is reduced, the stability of the system operation is improved, the system operation process is easier to control, and the service life of equipment in the system can be prolonged.
2. The invention provides a graded cold accumulation type supercritical compressed air energy storage system.A first cold accumulation heat exchanger comprises a first heat exchange flow channel and a second heat exchange flow channel, a second cold accumulation heat exchanger comprises a third heat exchange flow channel, a fourth heat exchange flow channel and a fifth heat exchange flow channel, the first heat exchange flow channel is communicated with the fourth heat exchange flow channel, and the second heat exchange flow channel is communicated with the fifth heat exchange flow channel; the cold accumulation device comprises a first cold accumulation device and a second cold accumulation device, the first cold accumulation device is arranged at two ends from the third heat exchange flow channel, one end of the second cold accumulation device is arranged on the second heat exchange flow channel, and the other end of the second cold accumulation device is arranged on the fifth heat exchange flow channel. The first cold accumulation device only exchanges heat with compressed air in the second cold accumulation heat exchanger, the second cold accumulation device exchanges heat with the compressed air in the first cold accumulation heat exchanger and the second cold accumulation heat exchanger simultaneously, the first cold accumulation device is used as an intercooling cold accumulation device, and the second cold accumulation device is used as a deep cooling cold accumulation device. The cold energy in the compressed air is stored and released in a grading manner, so that the temperature change amplitude of each heat exchanger in the heat exchange stage can be reduced, and the running stability of the system is improved.
3. The invention provides a graded cold accumulation type supercritical compressed air energy storage system. The main pressure dividing pipeline is arranged between the first cold accumulation device and the second cold accumulation device, the auxiliary pressure dividing pipeline is used for communicating the first cold accumulation device and the second cold accumulation device with the low-temperature heat-insulation storage tank, the low-temperature heat-insulation storage tank is used for supplementing or absorbing gas in the cold accumulation device, the pressure in the system during cold accumulation circulation is buffered and stabilized, the pressure in the first cold accumulation device, the pressure in the second cold accumulation device and the pressure in the low-temperature heat-insulation storage tank are the same, and the low-temperature heat-insulation storage tank pressure-low pressure operation system is suitable for low-temperature heat-insulation storage tank pressure-low-pressure operation. The pressure division pipeline is arranged on the cold accumulation device to maintain the pressure in the cold accumulation device to be stable, so that pressure reduction or pressure rise caused by isovolumetric cooling or heating of gas working media in the cold accumulation device in the process of energy storage or energy release is avoided, and the stability of the system operation working condition and the system reliability are improved.
4. The invention provides a staged cold accumulation type supercritical compressed air energy storage system, wherein a main pressure dividing pipeline is communicated between a first cold accumulation device and a second cold accumulation device, an inlet end of a first cold accumulation heat exchanger is communicated with a pressure supplementing branch, and the pressure supplementing branch is communicated with the main pressure dividing pipeline. Through utilizing the pressure supplementing branch road with first cold-storage device and second cold-storage device all with first cold-storage heat exchanger entry end intercommunication for the system is when cold storage cooling, and first cold-storage device and second cold-storage device can acquire extra make-up gas, and then stabilize cold-storage circulating pressure.
5. According to the graded cold accumulation type supercritical compressed air energy storage system provided by the invention, gas output from the gas-liquid separator is subjected to primary heat exchange through the first cold accumulation heat exchanger through the gas branch, and then enters the second cold accumulation device for cooling and then enters the compressor unit. The gas separated in the gas-liquid separator exchanges heat through the third cold accumulation heat exchanger, enters the second cold accumulation device, and the air released by the second cold accumulation device after cold energy is purified through the filter and flows back to the compressor unit. The cold energy of the compressed air is exchanged to the cold accumulation medium in the second cold accumulation device, and the heated gas enters the pressure inlet corresponding to the multi-stage compressor unit to supplement the pressure to the compressor unit, so that the working energy consumption of the compressor unit is reduced.
6. The invention provides a graded cold accumulation type supercritical compressed air energy storage system, which further comprises a heat accumulation and heat exchange subsystem, wherein one side of the heat accumulation and heat exchange subsystem is arranged between a compressor unit and a first cold accumulation heat exchanger, and the other side of the heat accumulation and heat exchange subsystem is arranged between the first cold accumulation heat exchanger and an expander unit. When the compressor unit works, heat energy generated in the compression process is stored in the heat storage and heat exchange subsystem, and when the expander unit works, the heat energy in the heat storage and heat exchange subsystem is transmitted to air, so that the air absorbs the heat energy and becomes a normal-temperature normal-pressure state to drive the generator to work. Through absorbing and utilizing the heat energy in the working process of the compressor, the overall efficiency of the energy storage system can be improved, and the energy required by external input during the working of the system is reduced.
7. The invention provides a graded cold accumulation type supercritical compressed air energy storage system. Through setting up the pre-heater, utilize the higher gas of temperature of output from the expansion unit to preheat the low temperature gas in the system pipeline, carry out the heat transfer intensification in the reentrant heat accumulation heat transfer subsystem to the air in advance after rising temperature, can reduce the heat accumulation heat transfer subsystem and to the intensification range of air, reduce the power of heat accumulation heat transfer subsystem when rising temperature to the air, reduce the holistic energy consumption of system.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a staged cold storage type supercritical compressed air energy storage system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a staged cold storage type supercritical compressed air energy storage system according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals: 101. a compressor unit; 102. a heat storage and exchange subsystem; 103. an expander unit; 104. a preheater; 105. an electric motor; 106. a generator; 201. a first cold-storage heat exchanger; 202. a second cold-storage heat exchanger; 203. a first cold storage device; 204. a second cold storage device; 205. a first circulating fan; 206. a second circulating fan; 207. a third cold-storage heat exchanger; 208. a pressure reducing expansion device; 209. a filter; 210. a gas-liquid separator; 211. a low temperature adiabatic storage tank; 212. a cryopump; 213. an indirect heat exchange device; 301. a first valve; 302. a second valve; 303. a third valve; 304. a fourth valve; 305. a fifth valve; 306. a sixth valve; 307. a seventh valve; 308. an eighth valve; 309. a ninth valve.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
In addition, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
Examples
Fig. 1 shows that the staged cold storage type supercritical compressed air energy storage system provided in this embodiment includes: an energy storage pipeline, an energy release pipeline and a heat storage and exchange subsystem 102.
The energy storage pipeline is provided with a compressor unit 101, a heat storage and exchange subsystem 102, a first cold accumulation heat exchanger 201, a second cold accumulation heat exchanger 202, a third cold accumulation heat exchanger 207, a decompression expansion device 208, a gas-liquid separator 210 and a low-temperature heat insulation storage tank 211 which are connected in sequence. An electric motor 105 is mounted at the input of the compressor string 101.
The energy release pipeline is provided with a low-temperature heat insulation storage tank 211, a low-temperature pump 212, a second cold accumulation heat exchanger 202, a first cold accumulation heat exchanger, a preheater 104, a heat accumulation and exchange subsystem 102 and an expansion unit 103 which are connected in sequence. A generator 106 is installed at the output of the expander train 103.
The heat storage and exchange subsystem 102 has one side installed between the compressor unit 101 and the first cold storage heat exchanger 201 and the other side installed between the first cold storage heat exchanger and the expander unit 103. A preheater 104 is arranged between the heat storage heat exchange subsystem 102 and the first cold storage heat exchanger, and the outlet end of the expansion unit 103 is communicated with the preheater 104.
The second cold accumulation heat exchanger 202 is provided with a cold accumulation device in parallel to recycle cold energy in the compressed air. Specifically, the first cold storage heat exchanger 201 includes a first heat exchange flow channel and a second heat exchange flow channel therein, the second cold storage heat exchanger 202 includes a third heat exchange flow channel, a fourth heat exchange flow channel and a fifth heat exchange flow channel therein, the first heat exchange flow channel is communicated with the fourth heat exchange flow channel, and the second heat exchange flow channel is communicated with the fifth heat exchange flow channel; the cold accumulation device comprises a first cold accumulation device 203 and a second cold accumulation device 204, the first cold accumulation device 203 is arranged at the two ends of the third heat exchange flow channel, one end of the second cold accumulation device 204 is arranged on the second heat exchange flow channel, and the other end is arranged on the fifth heat exchange flow channel. A first circulating fan 205 is installed in a pipeline between the first cold storage device 203 and the second cold storage heat exchanger 202; a second circulating fan 206 is installed in the piping between the second cold storage device 204 and the first cold storage heat exchanger 201. A main pressure dividing line is communicated between the first cold storage device 203 and the second cold storage device 204, and an auxiliary pressure dividing line is communicated between the main pressure dividing line and the low-temperature heat-insulating storage tank 211.
The gas output from the gas-liquid separator 210 is subjected to primary heat exchange through the first cold accumulation heat exchanger 201 through the gas branch, and then enters the second cold accumulation device for cooling and then enters the compressor unit 101. In order to further liquefy the compressed air, a decompression expansion device 208 is installed between the third cold storage heat exchanger 207 and the gas-liquid separator 210.
In this embodiment, the compressor unit 101 includes a multi-stage compressor body, and the input pressure at the input end of the compressor body sequentially increases. The expander unit 103 includes a multistage expander body.
In this embodiment, a plurality of valves are disposed in the staged regenerative supercritical compressed air energy storage system to control the system to operate in different modes. A first valve 301 is arranged between the heat storage and heat exchange subsystem 102 and the first cold storage heat exchanger 201 in the energy storage pipeline, and a second valve 302 is arranged between the preheater 104 and the first cold storage heat exchanger 201 in the energy release pipeline. A third valve 303 is provided between the filter 209 and the compressor string 101. A fourth valve 304 is provided in the main pressure branch line. A fifth valve 305 is provided in the auxiliary pressure dividing line. A sixth valve 306 is disposed in the energy release line between the cryopump 212 and the second cold storage heat exchanger 202. A seventh valve 307 is installed in the energy storage line between the third cold storage heat exchanger 207 and the pressure reduction expansion device 208.
When the staged cold accumulation type supercritical compressed air energy storage system stores energy, the primary compressor body in the compressor unit 101 absorbs normal-temperature and normal-pressure air from the outside to compress the air, and the compressor unit 101 gradually pressurizes and compresses the air to store heat energy generated in the air compression process in the heat accumulation and heat exchange subsystem 102. In the energy storage operation, the first cold storage heat exchanger 201 and the second cold storage heat exchanger 202 both function as condensers to absorb cold energy in the first cold storage device 203 and the second cold storage device 204. The compressed and cooled supercritical air enters the first cold accumulation heat exchanger 201, after absorbing cold energy and cooling, the compressed and cooled supercritical air enters the second cold accumulation heat exchanger 202 to be further cooled and changed into high-pressure liquid air, the high-pressure liquid air is input into a third heat exchanger to be supercooled and then enters a gas-liquid separator 210 to be separated, the low-pressure/normal-pressure liquid air is stored in a low-temperature heat insulation storage tank 211, low-temperature gas air flows back into the third heat exchanger to be subjected to heat exchange and temperature rise, the heated air enters the second cold accumulation device 204 to be stored with cold energy to exchange heat with a cold accumulation circulating medium to be further heated, and the heated air flows back into the compressor unit 101 after passing through a filter 209.
When the staged cold accumulation type supercritical compressed air energy storage system performs energy release operation, supercritical air in the low-temperature heat insulation storage tank 211 is boosted to be above supercritical pressure by the low-temperature pump 212, the first cold accumulation heat exchanger 201 and the second cold accumulation heat exchanger 202 are both used as evaporators in the energy release process, liquid air with supercritical pressure enters the second cold accumulation heat exchanger 202 and the first cold accumulation heat exchanger 201 to be heated and gasified into supercritical air, then enters the preheater 104, is further preheated and heated, then enters the heat accumulation heat exchange subsystem 102 to absorb heat, and then enters the expansion unit 103 to become gas at normal temperature and normal pressure to drive the generator 106 to operate.
A main pressure dividing line is communicated between the first cold accumulation device 203 and the second cold accumulation device 204, and an auxiliary pressure dividing line is communicated between the main pressure dividing line and the low-temperature heat-insulation storage tank 211. A fourth valve 304 is provided in the main pressure dividing line and a fifth valve 305 is provided in the auxiliary pressure dividing line.
Through setting up first cold-storage heat exchanger 201, second cold-storage heat exchanger 202 and third cold-storage heat exchanger 207, carry out the cold-storage heat transfer in grades to the air, reduce the temperature variation range of the middle holding stage of energy storage and release in every heat exchanger, maintain certain temperature gradient simultaneously, the unstable time of reducing system at the energy storage initial stage of releasing, the stability of lift system operation for system operation process is changeed the control, can improve the life of equipment in the system simultaneously.
As an alternative embodiment, a spiral heat exchange tube is installed in the second cold storage device as the indirect heat exchange device 213, and the gas passing through the first cold storage heat exchanger 201 enters the indirect heat exchange device 213 for primary heat exchange.
As an alternative embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, a main pressure dividing line is communicated between the first cold storage device 203 and the second cold storage device 204, and a pressure dividing branch is communicated with the inlet end of the first cold storage heat exchanger 201 and communicated with the main pressure dividing line. The main branch pipeline is provided with a pressure relief branch. An eighth valve 308 is arranged on the pressure dividing branch, and a ninth valve 309 is arranged on the pressure relief branch.
It should be understood that the above examples are only for clarity of illustration and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications therefrom are within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a hierarchical cold-storage type supercritical compressed air energy storage system which characterized in that includes:
the energy storage pipeline is provided with a compressor unit (101), a first cold accumulation heat exchanger (201), a second cold accumulation heat exchanger (202), a third cold accumulation heat exchanger (207), a gas-liquid separator (210) and a low-temperature heat insulation storage tank (211) which are connected in sequence;
the energy release pipeline is provided with a low-temperature heat insulation storage tank (211), a low-temperature pump (212), the second cold accumulation heat exchanger (202), the first cold accumulation heat exchanger (201) and the expansion unit (103) which are connected in sequence;
and the second cold accumulation heat exchanger (202) is provided with a cold accumulation device in parallel.
2. The staged cold storage supercritical compressed air energy storage system according to claim 1 wherein the first cold storage heat exchanger (201) comprises a first heat exchange flow channel and a second heat exchange flow channel therein, the second cold storage heat exchanger (202) comprises a third heat exchange flow channel, a fourth heat exchange flow channel and a fifth heat exchange flow channel therein, the first heat exchange flow channel is in communication with the fourth heat exchange flow channel, the second heat exchange flow channel is in communication with the fifth heat exchange flow channel;
the cold accumulation device comprises a first cold accumulation device (203) and a second cold accumulation device (204), the first cold accumulation device (203) is installed at two ends where the third heat exchange flow channel arrives, one end of the second cold accumulation device (204) is installed on the second heat exchange flow channel, and the other end of the second cold accumulation device is installed on the fifth heat exchange flow channel.
3. The staged cold storage type supercritical compressed air energy storage system according to claim 2, wherein a main pressure dividing line is communicated between the first cold storage device (203) and the second cold storage device (204), and an auxiliary pressure dividing line is communicated between the main pressure dividing line and the low temperature heat insulation storage tank (211).
4. The staged cold storage type supercritical compressed air energy storage system according to claim 2, wherein a main pressure dividing line is communicated between the first cold storage device (203) and the second cold storage device (204), and the inlet end of the first cold storage heat exchanger (201) is communicated with a pressure supplementing branch which is communicated with the main pressure dividing line.
5. The staged cold storage supercritical compressed air energy storage system according to claim 4 wherein a pressure relief branch is installed on the main divided line.
6. The staged cold storage type supercritical compressed air energy storage system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the gas output from the gas-liquid separator (210) enters a second cold storage device for cooling after primary heat exchange through the third cold storage heat exchanger (207) through a gas branch, and then enters the compressor unit (101).
7. The staged cold accumulation supercritical compressed air energy storage system according to claim 6, wherein an indirect heat exchange device (213) is installed in the second cold accumulation device, and the gas passing through the third cold accumulation heat exchanger (207) enters the indirect heat exchange device (213) for primary heat exchange.
8. The staged cold storage supercritical compressed air energy storage system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that a pressure reducing expansion device (208) is installed between the third cold storage heat exchanger (207) and the gas-liquid separator (210).
9. The staged cold storage supercritical compressed air energy storage system according to any one of claims 1 to 8 further comprising a heat storage and exchange subsystem (102) mounted on one side between the compressor unit (101) and the first cold storage heat exchanger (201) and on the other side between the first cold storage heat exchanger (201) and the expander unit (103).
10. The staged cold storage supercritical compressed air energy storage system according to claim 9 wherein a preheater (104) is installed between the heat storage heat exchange subsystem (102) and the first cold storage heat exchanger (201), and the outlet end of the expander train (103) is in communication with the preheater (104).
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106438297A (en) * | 2016-11-09 | 2017-02-22 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | Temperature-adaptive heat storage type compressed air energy storage system |
| CN106481378A (en) * | 2016-12-13 | 2017-03-08 | 中国科学院广州能源研究所 | A kind of new liquefaction air energy storage systems |
| CN114370391A (en) * | 2021-12-20 | 2022-04-19 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | Supercritical compressed air energy storage system |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106438297A (en) * | 2016-11-09 | 2017-02-22 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | Temperature-adaptive heat storage type compressed air energy storage system |
| CN106481378A (en) * | 2016-12-13 | 2017-03-08 | 中国科学院广州能源研究所 | A kind of new liquefaction air energy storage systems |
| CN114370391A (en) * | 2021-12-20 | 2022-04-19 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | Supercritical compressed air energy storage system |
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