CN106481378A - A kind of new liquefaction air energy storage systems - Google Patents

A kind of new liquefaction air energy storage systems Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106481378A
CN106481378A CN201611145267.5A CN201611145267A CN106481378A CN 106481378 A CN106481378 A CN 106481378A CN 201611145267 A CN201611145267 A CN 201611145267A CN 106481378 A CN106481378 A CN 106481378A
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China
Prior art keywords
air
storage
heat
exchanger
storage heater
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CN201611145267.5A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
张建军
朱德明
冯自平
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Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of CAS
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Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of CAS
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Priority to CN201611145267.5A priority Critical patent/CN106481378A/en
Publication of CN106481378A publication Critical patent/CN106481378A/en
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25JLIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0201Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using only internal refrigeration means, i.e. without external refrigeration
    • F25J1/0202Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using only internal refrigeration means, i.e. without external refrigeration in a quasi-closed internal refrigeration loop
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01KSTEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K27/00Plants for converting heat or fluid energy into mechanical energy, not otherwise provided for
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25JLIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/0002Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
    • F25J1/0012Primary atmospheric gases, e.g. air
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25JLIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/003Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
    • F25J1/0032Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration"
    • F25J1/004Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration" by flash gas recovery
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25JLIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/003Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
    • F25J1/0032Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration"
    • F25J1/0042Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration" by liquid expansion with extraction of work
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25JLIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/003Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
    • F25J1/0032Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration"
    • F25J1/0045Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration" by vaporising a liquid return stream
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25JLIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0228Coupling of the liquefaction unit to other units or processes, so-called integrated processes
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25JLIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0228Coupling of the liquefaction unit to other units or processes, so-called integrated processes
    • F25J1/0235Heat exchange integration
    • F25J1/0242Waste heat recovery, e.g. from heat of compression
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25JLIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0244Operation; Control and regulation; Instrumentation
    • F25J1/0245Different modes, i.e. 'runs', of operation; Process control
    • F25J1/0251Intermittent or alternating process, so-called batch process, e.g. "peak-shaving"
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25JLIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0257Construction and layout of liquefaction equipments, e.g. valves, machines
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25JLIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0279Compression of refrigerant or internal recycle fluid, e.g. kind of compressor, accumulator, suction drum etc.
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25JLIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J5/00Arrangements of cold exchangers or cold accumulators in separation or liquefaction plants
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25JLIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2205/00Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means
    • F25J2205/24Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means using regenerators, cold accumulators or reversible heat exchangers
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25JLIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2230/00Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure of gaseous process streams
    • F25J2230/02Compressor intake arrangement, e.g. filtering or cooling
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25JLIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2230/00Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure of gaseous process streams
    • F25J2230/04Compressor cooling arrangement, e.g. inter- or after-stage cooling or condensate removal
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25JLIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2240/00Processes or apparatus involving steps for expanding of process streams
    • F25J2240/90Hot gas waste turbine of an indirect heated gas for power generation

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of new liquefaction air energy storage systems, including compression set, liquefied air preparation facilities, storage cooling heat-exchanger and turbine installation, described liquefied air preparation facilities includes decompressor 3, gas-liquid separator 4 and liquefied air tank 5;Described compression set is sent into liquefied air preparation facilities after compressing air and is prepared into liquid air, the heat of compression in described storage cooling heat-exchanger stored air compression process, described liquid air drive turbine installation to do work after storage cooling heat-exchanger heat temperature raising.The 3rd storage heater S3 and the 5th storage heater S5 of waste heat of the present invention by being provided with for storing the compressed air of compression set, by using paddy electricity or abandon electricity carry out being stored in the form of heat in the 5th storage heater S5, high with liquid air energy density for being reheated the liquid air after storage cooling heat-exchanger heat temperature raising, while storing, floor space is little, the efficiency of heating surface is identical with heated by natural gas.

Description

A kind of new liquefaction air energy storage systems
Technical field
The present invention relates to compressed air energy storage technology field, and in particular to a kind of liquefied air energy-storage system.
Background technology
Compressed-air energy storage is a kind of energy storage system proposed based on gas turbine technology.Air is through air compressor After compression, in a combustion chamber using fuel combustion heat temperature raising, the then combustion gas of HTHP enters turbine expansion acting.Combustion gas The compressor of turbine needs to consume about 2/3 turbine output work, and therefore, the net output work of gas turbine is much smaller than the output of turbine Work(.Work when the compressor of compressed-air energy-storage system is different with turbine, in energy storage, compressed-air energy-storage system will with electric energy Air compresses and is stored in air storage chamber.When energy is released, pressure-air is discharged from air storage chamber, is entered combustion chamber and is added using fuel combustion Temperature, drives turbine power generation.Due to energy storage with release can time-sharing work, in exoergic process, not compressor consume turbine defeated Go out work(, therefore, compared to the gas turbine engine systems for consuming same fuel, compressed-air energy-storage system can produce 2 times even more More electric power.Compressed-air energy storage has suitable for large scale system (more than 100MW level), energy storage cycle be unrestricted, system The advantages of low cost, life-span length.But, conventional compression air energy storage systems (CAES) system needs specific geographical conditions to build Large-scale air storage chamber, such as rock cavity, Yan Dong, waste and old mine etc., or higher to fossil fuel dependence, so as to greatly limit The popularization of conventional compression air energy storage systems and application.At present, in order to solve the dependence that conventional compression air energy storage systems face Large-scale air storage chamber problem, recent domestic scholar have carried out the research of liquefied air energy-storage system respectively, make air energy storage system System departs from the dependence to large-scale air storage chamber.But, as air liquefaction will be consumed substantial amounts of energy, caused system effectiveness Reduce.At present, liquefied air energy-storage system efficiency only has 40%.
Content of the invention
For the problem that above-mentioned prior art is present, present invention offer is a kind of to take up an area less, invests low, operation safety and efficiency High electric energy storage system, is suitable for the storage of renewable energy power generation and the peak load shifting of power department.
To achieve these goals, the present invention is adopted the technical scheme that:
A kind of new liquefaction air energy storage systems, including compression set, liquefied air preparation facilities, storage cooling heat-exchanger and Turbine installation, the outlet of the compression set are connected to turbine installation through liquefied air preparation facilities, the cold-storage heat exchange dress Put and be all connected with compression set and turbine installation, the heat of compression in described storage cooling heat-exchanger stored air compression process, institute The compression set that states is sent into liquefied air preparation facilities and is prepared into liquid air after compressing air, described liquid air is passed through The turbine installation is driven to do work after storage cooling heat-exchanger heating and gasifying, described new liquefaction air energy storage systems also include the Three storage heaters and the 5th storage heater, wherein:The side of the 3rd storage heater is connected with storage cooling heat-exchanger, the liquefied air The gas vent of preparation facilities is connected with the entrance of the compression set by the opposite side of the 3rd storage heater, the 3rd accumulation of heat Device sends into compression set entrance, the storage cooling heat-exchanger heating after heating the gaseous air after liquefied air preparation facilities Waste heat after liquid air is stored in the 3rd storage heater, and the side storage of the 5th described storage heater is hot, the cold-storage heat exchange Device is connected with turbine set after the opposite side heat exchange of the 5th storage heater, the liquid after storage cooling heat-exchanger heat temperature raising State air drives turbine installation acting after the 5th storage heater is reheated.
Described liquefied air preparation facilities includes decompressor, gas-liquid separator and liquefied air tank, the compression set Outlet connect the gas access of gas-liquid separator by decompressor, the gas-liquid separator liquid outlet connects liquefied air Tank, the liquefied air tank are connected with cryogenic pump and the storage cooling heat-exchanger successively by pipeline, the gas-liquid separator gas Body outlet by the 11st heat exchanger with after the 3rd storage heater heat exchange with the entrance for connecting the compression set.
Described compression set be double stage compressor, described storage cooling heat-exchanger include the first storage heater, second Storage heater and the 4th storage heater, first storage heater and the second storage heater are deposited by First Heat Exchanger and the second heat exchanger respectively The heat of compression during storage split-compressor compressed air, the 4th storage heater pass sequentially through the 5th heat exchanger and the 6th heat exchange Heat between the level that device is produced during storing the split-compressor compressed air, first storage heater, the second storage heater and the Liquid air of four storage heaters successively to being prepared into carries out heat temperature raising.
The turbine installation includes three-level turbine, and the storage cooling heat-exchanger is changed by the 8th heat exchanger, the 9th respectively Hot device, the tenth heat exchanger are heated the liquefied air between three-level turbine level.
The outlet of described turbine installation is connected with the side of the 7th heat exchanger, and the storage cooling heat-exchanger is changed by the 7th The turbine installation is connected after the opposite side of hot device.
The operating temperature range of all above-mentioned heat exchangers is -196 DEG C~1000 DEG C.
The medium that described decompressor is used is under subzero 196 DEG C of temperature and 18MPa pressure environment.
Temperature residing for the 4th described storage heater is less than 400 DEG C.
Temperature residing for the 3rd described storage heater is 100 DEG C~190 DEG C..
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention is:
The present invention sends into pressure after being provided with gaseous air of the 3rd storage heater heating after liquefied air preparation facilities Compression apparatus entrance and the 5th storage heater, the 5th storage heater using paddy electricity or abandon electricity carry out being stored in the 5th storage in the form of heat In hot device, the liquid air after storage cooling heat-exchanger heat temperature raising is reheated, therefore, liquid air energy density Height, while storage floor space is little, reclaims the heat of compression and cold fire use can reduce system energy consumption, substantially increase generating Efficiency, its efficiency of heating surface are identical with heated by natural gas, but the system does not rely on fossil fuel, do not bring environmental pollution, efficiency But with the identical even more high for having natural gas afterburning, efficiency for charge-discharge reaches as high as 80%.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural representation of liquefied air energy-storage system of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
With reference to specific embodiment, the present invention is further illustrated.
A kind of new liquefaction air energy storage systems, including compression set, liquefied air preparation facilities, storage cooling heat-exchanger and Turbine installation, the outlet of the compression set are connected to turbine installation through liquefied air preparation facilities, the cold-storage heat exchange dress Put and be all connected with compression set and turbine installation, the heat of compression in described storage cooling heat-exchanger stored air compression process, institute The compression set that states is sent into liquefied air preparation facilities and is prepared into liquid air after compressing air, described liquid air is passed through The turbine installation is driven to do work after storage cooling heat-exchanger heating and gasifying, described new liquefaction air energy storage systems also include the Three storage heater S3 and the 5th storage heater S5, wherein:The side of the 3rd storage heater S3 is connected with storage cooling heat-exchanger, the liquid The gas vent for changing air preparation facilities is connected with the entrance of the compression set by the opposite side of the 3rd storage heater S3, described 3rd storage heater S3 sends into compression set entrance after heating the gaseous air after liquefied air preparation facilities, and the cold-storage is changed Waste heat after thermal heating liquid air is stored in the 3rd storage heater S3, and the side of the 5th described storage heater S5 stores Heat, the storage cooling heat-exchanger are connected with turbine set after the opposite side heat exchange of the 5th storage heater S5, through cold-storage heat exchange Liquid air after device heat temperature raising drives turbine installation acting after the 5th storage heater S5 is reheated.
Described liquefied air preparation facilities includes decompressor 3, gas-liquid separator 4 and liquefied air tank 5, the compression dress The outlet that puts connects the gas access of gas-liquid separator 4, the connection liquefaction of 4 liquid outlet of the gas-liquid separator by decompressor 3 Air tank 5, the liquefied air tank 5 are connected with cryogenic pump and the storage cooling heat-exchanger successively by pipeline, and the gas-liquid is divided From 4 gas vent of device by the 11st heat exchanger HX11 with after the 3rd storage heater S3 heat exchange with entering of connecting the compression set Mouthful.
Described compression set is double stage compressor 1, described storage cooling heat-exchanger include the first storage heater S1, the Two storage heater S2 and the 4th storage heater S4, the first storage heater S1 and the second storage heater S2 pass through First Heat Exchanger HX1 respectively The heat of compression during split-compressor compressed air is stored with the second heat exchanger HX2, the 4th storage heater S4 is passed sequentially through Heat between the level that the 5th heat exchanger HX5 and the 6th heat exchanger HX6 is produced during storing the split-compressor compressed air, described First storage heater S1, the liquid air of the second storage heater S2 and the 4th storage heater S4 successively to being prepared into carry out heat temperature raising, institute The gas access of the gas-liquid separator 4 that states is sequentially connected First Heat Exchanger HX1 and the second heat exchanger HX2.
The turbine installation includes three-level turbine 2, the storage cooling heat-exchanger respectively by the 8th heat exchanger HX8, the Nine heat exchanger HX9, the tenth heat exchanger HX10 are heated to the liquefied air between 2 grades of three-level turbine.
The outlet of described turbine installation is connected with the side of the 7th heat exchanger HX7, and the storage cooling heat-exchanger is by the The turbine installation is connected after the opposite side of seven heat exchanger HX7.
The operating temperature range of all above-mentioned heat exchangers is -196 DEG C~1000 DEG C.
The medium that described decompressor 3 is used is under subzero 196 DEG C of temperature and 18MPa pressure environment.
Temperature residing for the 4th described storage heater S4 is less than 400 DEG C.
Temperature residing for the 3rd described storage heater S3 is 100 DEG C~190 DEG C..
Preferably, the operating temperature range of all of above above-mentioned heat exchanger is -196 DEG C~1000 DEG C.
Preferably, the medium that described decompressor 3 is used is under subzero 196 DEG C of temperature and 18MPa pressure environment.
Preferably, the temperature residing for the 4th described storage heater S4 is less than 400 DEG C.
Preferably, the temperature residing for the 3rd described storage heater S3 is 461 DEG C or so.
The compressed air and liquefied air preparation process and power generation process are staggered the time operation.The work of whole system of the present invention Principle is as follows:During storing up electricity, air compressor 1 works, and is related to two stages of compression in the present invention, according to real process, can Multi-stage compression can be needed.Air compressor carries cascade EDFA system, meanwhile, the waste heat of compressed air is passed through heat kerosene by heat The 4th storage heater S4 is stored in, is that cooling of lower cycle compressed air saves energy.In the 3rd storage heater S3, waste heat supply temperature is not With, classification storage, it is easy to the cascade utilization of waste heat.Air leaves about 150 DEG C or so of temperature after air compressor, air pressure About 18MPa.Compressed air is cooled after First Heat Exchanger HX1 and the second heat exchanger HX2, and cooling medium one used is From the low temperature cold air of gas-liquid separator, another part is to be stored in first from the upper cycle during liquid air release Cold energy in storage heater S1 and the second storage heater S2.To, after First Heat Exchanger HX1 and the second heat exchanger HX2 cooling, compressing Air themperature reaches 90K or so, and pressure keeps constant.Then, through decompressor 3, in decompressor 3, the compression of cryogenic high pressure is empty Gas is changed into the gas-liquid mixture of low-temperature atmosphere-pressure, and in the process by joule thomson effect, process shows as absorbing heat.Gas-liquid Mixture enters gas-liquid separator 4.In gas-liquid separator 4, gas returns through the second heat exchanger HX1 and the second heat exchanger HX2 is mixed into the 11st heat exchanger HX11 with surrounding air after being changed into 288K, is stored by the 11st heat exchanger HX11 and the 3rd Hot device S3 heat exchange, the regenerator temperature of the 3rd storage heater S3 is 100~190 DEG C, and its heat is used for adding between level from through the upper cycle The waste heat of the heat kerosene of heat.Through the 11st heat exchanger HX11, before suction compressed air, its temperature is increased to 450K to air. The liquid air that isolates from gas-liquid separator 4 enters liquid air storage tank 5 and is deposited, and now pressure is normal pressure, and temperature is 80K or so.The storage safety of liquid air, takes up an area few.Insulation is mainly carried out, prevents the entrance of external heat.
In the power generation process that releases energy, heated by cryogenic pump in the liquid air of liquefied air storage tank 5 first, air Enthalpy is increased to 2R state by 1R.Then the cold fire of liquid air is used through the 3rd heat exchanger HX3 and the 4th heat exchanger HX4 Reclaim, be stored in the first storage heater S1 and the second storage heater S2, through changing for the 3rd heat exchanger HX3 and the 4th heat exchanger HX4 After heat, the liquid air gasification, heats up, is changed into the air of normal temperature, high pressure.Pressure is about 6.5MPa, and temperature is about 280K.? Enter using before heat of compression preheating, first this part normal temperature high voltage air is preheated with from turbine installation air out, that is, pass through 7th heat exchanger HX7 heat exchange, reclaims to turbine installation air waste heat out, and now air can be heated to a 436K left side The right side, to improve the efficiency of heating surface of the system.
The heat of compression produced in the hollow air pressure compression process of the system is stored in heat-storing material, for three-level in power generation process Heat between the level of turbine 2.In power generation process, can be empty by liquid high pressure by the first storage heater S1 and the second storage heater S2 Gas is warming up to normal temperature high voltage.Before entering three-level turbine 2 and generating electricity, it is also performed to heat twice.Be for the first time from energy storage Normal temperature high voltage atmosphere temperature rising to be generated electricity can be arrived by the heat of compression, i.e. the 4th storage heater S4 deposited in journey, this partial heat 600K or so.It is the 5th storage heater S5 for the second time, compressed air can be heated to 1273K, then the air of HTHP enters Enter gas turbine power generation, generating efficiency is greatly improved.Efficiency for charge-discharge reaches as high as 80%.
For improving the temperature of air, the present invention utilizes S5 for storing on the basis of preheated air is carried out using the heat of compression Deposit and substantial amounts of come from heat.This part heat is converted by the electricity of abandoning when paddy electricity or renewable energy power generation.By heat-storing material 1000 DEG C are heated to and to reach hot saturation.In power generating stage, the compressed air for heating can be added further between process level Heat.By improving the enthalpy of compressed air come improve generating efficiency.
In compressed air, in the form of implements spatial scalable compression, at different levels keep compression ratio consistent, it is ensured that compression efficiency is most High.During expansion power generation in turbine, the mode of staged expansion is also adopted by, at different levels expansion ratios are identical, it is ensured that generating efficiency Highest.As the process that gas expansion generates electricity is an endothermic process, therefore, reheat in stage in the present invention, is taken.And reheating Reheating twice is also classified into, using the heat of compression for storing, another part is utilized by paddy electricity or abandons the storage that electricity is transformed a part Exist in heat-storing material.
In storage heater S5, taken is the mode of accumulation of heat.It is exactly that heat-storing material is heated by electricity consumption first, by electricity with heat Form is deposited.Then, pressure-air absorbs heat by way of heat exchange, improves air enthalpy.The first storage heater S1, first In storage heater S2, the first storage heater S3 and the first storage heater S4, heat energy is transmitted by heat kerosene or coolant media, final storage In energy-accumulation material.
Above-listed detailed description is illustrating for possible embodiments of the present invention, and the embodiment is simultaneously not used to limit this Bright the scope of the claims, all equivalence enforcements without departing from carried out by the present invention or change, are intended to be limited solely by the scope of the claims of this case.

Claims (9)

1. a kind of new liquefaction air energy storage systems, including compression set, liquefied air preparation facilities, storage cooling heat-exchanger and thoroughly Leveling device, the outlet of the compression set are connected to turbine installation through liquefied air preparation facilities, the storage cooling heat-exchanger It is all connected with compression set and turbine installation, the heat of compression in described storage cooling heat-exchanger stored air compression process, described Compression set air is compressed after send into liquefied air preparation facilities and be prepared into liquid air, described liquid air is through storing The turbine installation is driven to do work after cooling heat-exchanger heating and gasifying, it is characterised in that described new liquefied air energy storage system System also includes the 3rd storage heater (S3) and the 5th storage heater (S5), wherein:The side of the 3rd storage heater (S3) is changed with cold-storage Thermal connects, and the gas vent of the liquefied air preparation facilities passes through the opposite side of the 3rd storage heater (S3) and the compression The entrance connection of device, the 3rd storage heater (S3) heating send into pressure after the gaseous air after liquefied air preparation facilities Compression apparatus entrance, the waste heat after the storage cooling heat-exchanger heating liquid air are stored in the 3rd storage heater (S3), described 5th storage heater (S5) side storage heat, the storage cooling heat-exchanger after the opposite side heat exchange of the 5th storage heater (S5) with Turbine set connects, and the liquid air after storage cooling heat-exchanger heat temperature raising reheats rear-guard by the 5th storage heater (S5) Dynamic turbine installation acting.
2. new liquefaction air energy storage systems according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described liquefied air prepares dress Put including decompressor (3), gas-liquid separator (4) and liquefied air tank (5), the outlet of the compression set passes through decompressor (3) The gas access of connection gas-liquid separator (4), gas-liquid separator (4) liquid outlet connection liquefied air tank (5), the liquid Change air tank (5) to be connected with cryogenic pump and the storage cooling heat-exchanger by pipeline successively, gas-liquid separator (4) gas goes out Mouth is by the 11st heat exchanger (HX11) and the entrance for connecting the compression set after the 3rd storage heater (S3) heat exchange.
3. new liquefaction air energy storage systems according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described compression set is two grades Air compressor (1), described storage cooling heat-exchanger include the first storage heater (S1), the second storage heater (S2) and the 4th storage heater (S4), described first storage heater (S1) and the second storage heater (S2) is respectively by First Heat Exchanger (HX1) and the second heat exchanger (HX2) cold energy during storage split-compressor compressed air, the 4th storage heater (S4) pass sequentially through the 5th heat exchanger (HX5) and the 6th heat exchanger (HX6) stores heat between the level produced during the split-compressor compressed air, described first stores The liquid air of hot device (S1), the second storage heater (S2) and the 4th storage heater (S4) successively to being prepared into carries out heat temperature raising.
4. new liquefaction air energy storage systems according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the turbine installation includes three-level Turbine (2), the storage cooling heat-exchanger pass through the 8th heat exchanger (HX8), the 9th heat exchanger (HX9), the tenth heat exchanger respectively (HX10) liquefied air between three-level turbine (2) level is heated.
5. new liquefaction air energy storage systems according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the outlet of described turbine installation Connect with the side of the 7th heat exchanger (HX7), the storage cooling heat-exchanger is connected after the opposite side of the 7th heat exchanger (HX7) The turbine installation.
6. new liquefaction air energy storage systems according to any one of claim 1 to 5, it is characterised in that all above-mentioned change The operating temperature range of hot device is -196 DEG C~1000 DEG C.
7. new liquefaction air energy storage systems according to claim 2, it is characterised in that described decompressor (3) is used Medium at subzero 196 DEG C of temperature and 18MPa pressure environment.
8. new liquefaction air energy storage systems according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the 4th described storage heater (S4) Residing temperature is less than 400 DEG C.
9. new liquefaction air energy storage systems according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the 3rd described storage heater (S3) Residing temperature is 100 DEG C~190 DEG C.
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CN108240235A (en) * 2017-05-26 2018-07-03 华北电力大学(保定) A kind of non-compensation combustion type liquefied air energy-storing and power-generating system
CN108240242A (en) * 2017-05-26 2018-07-03 华北电力大学(保定) A kind of Novel cold-storage liquefied air energy-storing and power-generating system
CN108561294A (en) * 2018-03-29 2018-09-21 华北电力大学 A kind of control method of the large-scale compression air energy storage systems of the double states of gas/liquid
CN108561293A (en) * 2018-03-29 2018-09-21 华北电力大学 A kind of method and system improving LAES system effectivenesies and response speed
CN108591027A (en) * 2018-03-29 2018-09-28 华北电力大学 A kind of large-scale compression air energy storage systems of the double states of gas/liquid
CN109579432A (en) * 2018-11-14 2019-04-05 西安交通大学 Peak regulation system is interconnected using the natural gas and electric power of low-temperature liquefaction energy storage
CN109883221A (en) * 2019-02-25 2019-06-14 中国科学院广州能源研究所 A kind of compressed air hold over system
CN111886405A (en) * 2018-02-13 2020-11-03 高维有限公司 Compression heat recycling system and subsystem thereof
CN112112693A (en) * 2020-10-19 2020-12-22 中国科学院理化技术研究所 Liquid air energy storage system adopting electric heat storage
CN112963207A (en) * 2021-02-02 2021-06-15 上海电力大学 Liquefied air hybrid energy storage and power generation integrated system and method
CN113280573A (en) * 2021-06-09 2021-08-20 中国科学院理化技术研究所 Liquid air energy storage device with cold energy self-compensation function of cold accumulator
CN114658507A (en) * 2022-03-30 2022-06-24 成都天储动力设备集团有限公司 Waste heat complementary energy liquefied gas energy storage power generation system
CN114877734A (en) * 2022-04-28 2022-08-09 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 Hierarchical cold storage type supercritical compressed air energy storage system
CN116804381A (en) * 2023-06-29 2023-09-26 米奇科技(北京)有限公司 Liquid air energy storage power generation system and equipment

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CN108240235A (en) * 2017-05-26 2018-07-03 华北电力大学(保定) A kind of non-compensation combustion type liquefied air energy-storing and power-generating system
CN108240242A (en) * 2017-05-26 2018-07-03 华北电力大学(保定) A kind of Novel cold-storage liquefied air energy-storing and power-generating system
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CN109579432A (en) * 2018-11-14 2019-04-05 西安交通大学 Peak regulation system is interconnected using the natural gas and electric power of low-temperature liquefaction energy storage
CN109883221A (en) * 2019-02-25 2019-06-14 中国科学院广州能源研究所 A kind of compressed air hold over system
CN112112693A (en) * 2020-10-19 2020-12-22 中国科学院理化技术研究所 Liquid air energy storage system adopting electric heat storage
CN112963207A (en) * 2021-02-02 2021-06-15 上海电力大学 Liquefied air hybrid energy storage and power generation integrated system and method
CN113280573A (en) * 2021-06-09 2021-08-20 中国科学院理化技术研究所 Liquid air energy storage device with cold energy self-compensation function of cold accumulator
CN114658507A (en) * 2022-03-30 2022-06-24 成都天储动力设备集团有限公司 Waste heat complementary energy liquefied gas energy storage power generation system
CN114877734A (en) * 2022-04-28 2022-08-09 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 Hierarchical cold storage type supercritical compressed air energy storage system
CN116804381A (en) * 2023-06-29 2023-09-26 米奇科技(北京)有限公司 Liquid air energy storage power generation system and equipment

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Application publication date: 20170308