CN114857174B - Anti-disturbance restrictor for hydrostatic bearing and hydrostatic guideway - Google Patents
Anti-disturbance restrictor for hydrostatic bearing and hydrostatic guideway Download PDFInfo
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- CN114857174B CN114857174B CN202210679253.0A CN202210679253A CN114857174B CN 114857174 B CN114857174 B CN 114857174B CN 202210679253 A CN202210679253 A CN 202210679253A CN 114857174 B CN114857174 B CN 114857174B
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- oil
- restrictor
- hydrostatic
- elastic damping
- oil passing
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C32/00—Bearings not otherwise provided for
- F16C32/06—Bearings not otherwise provided for with moving member supported by a fluid cushion formed, at least to a large extent, otherwise than by movement of the shaft, e.g. hydrostatic air-cushion bearings
- F16C32/0603—Bearings not otherwise provided for with moving member supported by a fluid cushion formed, at least to a large extent, otherwise than by movement of the shaft, e.g. hydrostatic air-cushion bearings supported by a gas cushion, e.g. an air cushion
- F16C32/0614—Bearings not otherwise provided for with moving member supported by a fluid cushion formed, at least to a large extent, otherwise than by movement of the shaft, e.g. hydrostatic air-cushion bearings supported by a gas cushion, e.g. an air cushion the gas being supplied under pressure, e.g. aerostatic bearings
- F16C32/0622—Bearings not otherwise provided for with moving member supported by a fluid cushion formed, at least to a large extent, otherwise than by movement of the shaft, e.g. hydrostatic air-cushion bearings supported by a gas cushion, e.g. an air cushion the gas being supplied under pressure, e.g. aerostatic bearings via nozzles, restrictors
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
- B23Q1/25—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports
- B23Q1/26—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports characterised by constructional features relating to the co-operation of relatively movable members; Means for preventing relative movement of such members
- B23Q1/38—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports characterised by constructional features relating to the co-operation of relatively movable members; Means for preventing relative movement of such members using fluid bearings or fluid cushion supports
Abstract
The invention discloses an anti-interference restrictor for hydrostatic bearing and a hydrostatic guideway, which are used for solving the problem that the hydrostatic guideway has lower movement precision due to weak oil film anti-interference capability and larger vibration quantity of the existing small-hole throttling hydrostatic guideway. The anti-disturbance throttle comprises a first oil passing component and a second oil passing component; the first oil passing component is provided with a first oil passing channel; the second oil passing component is provided with a second oil passing channel, the second oil passing component is provided with a first annular groove and a second annular groove, a first elastic damping piece and a second elastic damping piece are respectively arranged in the first annular groove and the second annular groove, and the second oil passing component is in butt joint with the first oil passing component through the first elastic damping piece; wherein, the diameter of at least one of the first oil passage and the second oil passage is of sub-millimeter level. The invention can automatically stabilize the lubricating oil pressure at two sides of the restrictor, improve the disturbance resistance of the hydrostatic guideway and further ensure the movement precision of the hydrostatic guideway.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of hydrostatic bearings, in particular to an anti-disturbance restrictor for hydrostatic bearings and a hydrostatic guide rail.
Background
The hydrostatic guideway supplies lubricating oil with certain pressure to the clearance of the movable pair through oil supply equipment, and the formed supporting oil film completely separates the relative moving parts, so that the liquid suspension supporting of the load and the guiding of linear motion are realized. The hydrostatic guideway has the advantages of small resistance, low abrasion, high rigidity, large bearing capacity, long service life, submicron-level high motion precision and the like, is often used as a linear motion shaft of an ultra-precise lathe, an ultra-precise grinding machine, an ultra-precise fly-cutting machine tool and the like, and is one of core functional components for realizing the relative motion of a cutter and a part in ultra-precise machining.
The pressure of lubricating oil supplied by the oil supply equipment is disturbed due to the influence of the structure of the hydraulic pump and devices such as a hydraulic pipeline, an energy accumulator, an overflow valve and the like, the supporting force for supporting an oil film is changed along with the disturbance, and the hydrostatic guideway is caused to vibrate, so that the movement precision is reduced. In addition, the hydrostatic guideway is also subjected to direct or indirect effects of external disturbance such as dynamic cutting force, environmental vibration, unbalanced mass inertia force, oil film ambient air pressure fluctuation, motor eccentric electromagnetic force and the like to generate vibration in the machining process of the ultra-precise machine tool, and the disturbance of supporting oil film pressure can be caused, so that the movement precision of the guideway is reduced. Vibration caused by oil film pressure disturbance of the hydrostatic guideway causes relative movement of the tool and the part of the ultra-precise machine tool to deviate from a preset track, so that dynamic errors are generated, and the machining precision of the ultra-precise machine tool is reduced. Therefore, the suppression of the pressure disturbance of the supporting oil film and the reduction of the vibration of the hydrostatic guideway are of great significance for improving the machining precision of the ultra-precise machine tool.
The hydrostatic guideway supports and lubricates by high-pressure lubricating oil supplied by oil supply equipment, and a restrictor for regulating the pressure of the liquid for supporting an oil film is a key link for forming bearing capacity and rigidity of the hydrostatic guideway and mainly comprises throttling modes such as small holes, capillaries, gaps and the like. The orifice throttling regulates the pressure of lubricating oil through the local resistance loss generated when the lubricating oil flows through the thin-wall orifice, has the advantages of larger bearing capacity and rigidity, simple structure of the throttler, easy manufacture and the like, and is one of the common throttling modes of the hydrostatic guideway of the ultra-precise machine tool. The flow of the small hole throttler is shorter, and the lubricating oil hardly consumes viscous friction when flowing through the small hole, so that the traditional small hole throttler has poor dynamic performance, and has weak capability of inhibiting the oil film pressure disturbance supported by the hydrostatic guideway, thereby limiting the further improvement of the machining precision of the ultra-precise machine tool.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an anti-disturbance restrictor for hydrostatic bearing and a hydrostatic guideway, which solve the problem of low movement precision of the hydrostatic guideway caused by weak anti-disturbance capability and large vibration quantity of the existing orifice restrictor hydrostatic guideway.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
in one aspect, the present invention provides an anti-rattle restrictor for hydrostatic bearings comprising:
the first oil passing component is provided with a first oil passing channel;
the second oil passing component is provided with a second oil passing channel communicated with the first oil passing channel, a first annular groove and a second annular groove are respectively arranged at the front end and the rear end of the second oil passing component in the extending direction of the second oil passing channel, a first elastic damping piece and a second elastic damping piece are respectively arranged in the first annular groove and the second annular groove, and the second oil passing component is abutted with the first oil passing component through the first elastic damping piece;
wherein, the diameter of at least one of the first oil passage and the second oil passage is of sub-millimeter level.
In some possible embodiments, a third annular groove is formed in the outer peripheral surface of the second oil passing component, a third elastic damping piece is arranged in the third annular groove, the third elastic damping piece is tightly wrapped on the second oil passing component along the circumferential direction of the second oil passing component, and the third elastic damping piece is located between the first elastic damping piece and the second elastic damping piece.
In some possible embodiments, the first, second and third elastic damping members are configured as viscoelastic bodies having a certain stiffness and damping, respectively.
In some possible embodiments, the first oil passage member is configured as a frustum-shaped solid of revolution, and the sidewall of the first oil passage member is provided with a conical thread.
In another aspect, the present invention provides a hydrostatic rail comprising a rail mounting assembly, a slider, and any one of the above anti-tamper restrictors for hydrostatic bearings;
the guide rail fixing assembly is provided with a first guide groove and a second guide groove;
one side of the sliding block is positioned in the first guide groove, and the other side of the sliding block is positioned in the second guide groove; gaps are formed between the sliding block and the groove walls of the first guide groove and between the sliding block and the groove walls of the second guide groove respectively, a plurality of oil outlet cavities are further formed in the sliding block so as to form an oil film in the gaps under the condition of oil supply, each oil outlet cavity is communicated with the oil supply channel through an oil inlet channel, and an installation cavity matched with the anti-disturbance restrictor in shape is formed in the oil inlet channel;
the anti-disturbance restrictor is hermetically arranged in the mounting cavity.
In some possible embodiments, the device further comprises a workbench connected with the sliding block, wherein an oil through hole is formed in the workbench, one end of the oil through hole is communicated with the oil supply channel, and the other end of the oil through hole is used for being connected with an oil supply device.
In some possible embodiments, the sliding blocks are respectively provided with a first oil return groove, and the guide rail fixing assembly is provided with a second oil return groove communicated with the first oil return groove, and the second oil return groove is used for being communicated with oil supply equipment.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
1. when the oil pressure changes, the lubricating oil acts on the second oil passing component to force the first elastic damping piece and the second elastic damping piece to deform, so that impact energy of the lubricating oil on the second oil passing component caused by the oil pressure change is consumed, and the stability of the oil pressure of the lubricating oil flowing out of the anti-interference throttle is ensured.
2. The anti-disturbance restrictor for hydrostatic bearing provided by the invention passively controls the oil pressure only through the change of the mechanical structure based on the oil pressure, does not need an additional closed-loop control system, has a simple structure, is low in cost, and is easy to manufacture and integrate.
3. When the anti-disturbance restrictor is arranged in the oil inlet channel of the sliding block, the anti-disturbance restrictor is equivalent to being connected with an oil pressure low-pass filter in series, only the fixed static pressure of lubricating oil is transmitted, the dynamic pressure of lubricating oil disturbance is consumed, and therefore the vibration of the guide rail can be reduced, and the movement precision of the guide rail is improved.
4. According to the hydrostatic guideway provided by the invention, when the anti-disturbance restrictor is arranged in the oil inlet channel of the sliding block, the damping of the hydrostatic guideway can be increased, the vibration generated by the direct or indirect action of external disturbance can be more rapidly consumed, the dynamic characteristic of the hydrostatic guideway is improved, and the further improvement of the machining precision of an ultra-precise machine tool is facilitated.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the examples will be briefly described below, it being understood that the following drawings only illustrate some examples of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and that other related embodiments may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an anti-tamper hydrostatic guideway according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of an anti-tamper hydrostatic guideway according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a slider according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an axial structure of a slider according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a first anti-interference restrictor and mounting hole thereof according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a second anti-interference restrictor and mounting hole thereof according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a third anti-interference restrictor and mounting hole thereof according to the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a fourth anti-interference restrictor and mounting hole thereof.
In the drawings, the reference numerals and corresponding part names:
1-base, 2-side guide rail, 3-upper guide rail, 4-workbench, 5-slider, 6-first anti-disturbance restrictor, 7-second anti-disturbance restrictor, 8-third anti-disturbance restrictor, 9-fourth anti-disturbance restrictor, 11-base peripheral oil return groove, 12-support boss, 13-base longitudinal oil return groove, 14-waist-shaped oil return hole, 15-horizontal oil return hole, 41-workbench oil inlet hole, 42-workbench longitudinal oil through hole, 43-workbench transverse oil through hole, 44-workbench vertical oil through hole, 51-slider vertical oil inlet hole, 52-upper oil cavity oil inlet hole, 53-upper oil cavity, 54-upper oil seal edge, 55-side oil cavity oil inlet hole, 56-side oil cavity, 57-side oil seal edge, 58-lower oil cavity oil inlet hole, 59-lower oil cavity, 510-lower oil seal edge, 511-slider oil return groove, 61-first conical thread plug, 62-first through-flow column, 63-first radial elastic ring, 64-second axial elastic ring, 71-second axial elastic conical ring, 72-second axial elastic ring, and 72-radial elastic ring.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making apparent the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the following examples and the accompanying drawings, wherein the exemplary embodiments of the present invention and the descriptions thereof are for illustrating the present invention only and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. However, it will be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art that: no such specific details are necessary to practice the invention. In other instances, well-known structures, circuits, materials, or methods have not been described in detail in order not to obscure the invention.
Throughout the specification, references to "one embodiment," "an embodiment," "one example," or "an example" mean: a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included within at least one embodiment of the invention. Thus, the appearances of the phrases "in one embodiment," "in an example," or "in an example" in various places throughout this specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable combination or sub-combination in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the illustrations provided herein are for illustrative purposes and that the illustrations are not necessarily drawn to scale. The term "and/or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
In the description of the present invention, the terms "front", "rear", "left", "right", "upper", "lower", "vertical", "horizontal", "high", "low", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate description of the present invention and simplify description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Examples
1-8, in one aspect, the present invention provides an anti-interference restrictor for hydrostatic bearings, the anti-interference restrictor comprising a first oil passage component and a second oil passage component; the first oil passing component is provided with a first oil passing channel; the second oil passing component is provided with a second oil passing channel communicated with the first oil passing channel, the front end and the rear end of the second oil passing component are respectively provided with a first annular groove and a second annular groove in the extending direction of the second oil passing channel, a first elastic damping piece and a second elastic damping piece are respectively arranged in the first annular groove and the second annular groove, and the second oil passing component is abutted with the first oil passing component through the first elastic damping piece; wherein, the diameter of at least one of the first oil passage and the second oil passage is of sub-millimeter level.
Specifically, referring to fig. 5 to 8, cross-sectional structural diagrams of four different anti-disturbance restrictors and their mounting structures are shown, respectively; fig. 5 and 8 show the first anti-disturbance restrictor 6 and the fourth anti-disturbance restrictor 9, wherein the diameters of the first oil passage are all sub-millimeter, fig. 6 shows the second anti-disturbance restrictor 7, the diameter of the second oil passage is sub-millimeter, and fig. 7 shows the third anti-disturbance restrictor 8, the diameters of the first oil passage and the second oil passage are all sub-millimeter. Taking fig. 5 as an example for explanation, the first oil passing component and the second oil passing component are respectively arranged in the oil inlet channel of the hydrostatic guideway, and the first oil passing component and the second oil passing component are respectively connected with the inner wall of the oil inlet channel in a sealing way so that lubricating oil only passes through the first oil passing channel and the second oil passing channel; the second oil passing component is in a stepped cylindrical shape, and the first annular groove and the second annular groove are respectively arranged on the upper end face and the lower end face of the larger cylindrical section of the second oil passing component; when the first oil passing component and the second oil passing component are installed in the oil inlet channel, a stepped hole matched with the second oil passing component in shape is formed in the oil inlet channel, the first oil passing component is abutted on the first elastic damping piece, and the second elastic damping piece is abutted on the hole bottom surface of the stepped Kong Jiaoda hole section of the oil inlet channel.
When the oil pressure of the lubricating oil at the oil inlet of the anti-interference throttle is changed or the oil pressure of the lubricating oil at the oil outlet of the anti-interference throttle is changed, as the through paths of the first oil passing channel and/or the second oil passing channel are manufactured to be in the sub-millimeter level, the lubricating oil at one side of the oil pressure change does not pass through the first oil passing channel or the second oil passing channel in a large amount at the first time to release pressure, but a certain impact is caused on the whole second oil passing component, the pressure change is represented by the pressure change from one side to the other side of the oil pressure change, the second oil passing component is used as a pressure change transmitting component to transmit the pressure change to the first elastic damping component or the second elastic damping component, and the first elastic damping component or the second elastic damping component can consume energy generated by the pressure change through deformation of the first elastic damping component or the second elastic damping component, so that the oil pressure change is released, and then the oil pressure fluctuation of the lubricating oil can be greatly attenuated.
It should be noted that the anti-disturbance restrictor for hydrostatic bearings provided by the embodiments of the present invention is not only applicable to application occasions of hydrostatic guide rails, but also applicable to application occasions of other hydrostatic bearings such as hydrostatic spindles, hydrostatic turrets, and the like.
In this embodiment, the sub-millimeter level refers to that one or both of the first oil passage and the second oil passage has a diameter of 0.1 to 1mm, and preferably has a diameter of 0.2 to 0.5mm.
It will be appreciated that the seal between the second oil passage member and the inner wall of the oil inlet passage in this embodiment should be a movable seal, since the second oil passage member needs to be slightly displaced.
It is understood that the deformation resistance of the first elastic damping member and the second elastic damping member should be smaller than that of the second oil passing member, regardless of the structure, shape and size of the second oil passing member, so as to consume the impact energy of the change of the oil pressure of the lubricating oil to the second oil passing member by the deformation of the first elastic damping member and the second elastic damping member before the second oil passing member deforms itself.
In some possible embodiments, a third annular groove is formed in the outer peripheral surface of the second oil passing component, a third elastic damping piece is arranged in the third annular groove, the third elastic damping piece is tightly wrapped on the second oil passing component along the circumferential direction of the second oil passing component, and the third elastic damping piece is located between the first elastic damping piece and the second elastic damping piece.
The above-mentioned, the direction of the pressure of the high-pressure lubricating oil to the second oil passage member is mainly along the extending direction of the second oil passage; however, due to the viscosity of the liquid, a traction force parallel to the surface of the second oil passing component is generated on the surface of the second oil passing component, so that the second oil passing component may be abutted against the inner wall of the oil inlet channel, and a large friction force is generated between the second oil passing component and the oil passing channel, which is unfavorable for the movement of the second oil passing component along the extending direction of the second oil passing channel; after the third elastic damping piece is arranged, the traction force can be unloaded through deformation of the third elastic damping piece, so that the second oil passing component can move along the extending direction of the second oil passing channel, and further the change of the oil pressure of lubricating oil can be relieved.
In some possible embodiments, the first elastic damping member, the second elastic damping member, and the third elastic damping member are each configured as a viscoelastic ring.
The viscoelastic material has two characteristics of viscosity and elasticity, and is arranged in such a way that when the second oil passing component moves to any direction under the action of oil pressure disturbance, the first elastic damping piece, the second elastic damping piece and the third elastic damping piece generate viscoelastic deformation to consume vibration energy of the oil pressure disturbance of the lubricating oil to the second oil passing component.
Because of the provision of the second oil passage, stress concentrations may occur when the second oil passage is suddenly subjected to a large impact, resulting in deformation in the vicinity of the second oil passage, so that in some possible embodiments, in the extending direction of the second oil passage, the thickness of the middle portion of the second oil passage is greater than the thickness of both sides and the second oil passage is located in the middle portion.
In some possible embodiments, the first oil passing component is configured as a frustum of a revolution, and the sidewall of the first oil passing component is provided with a conical thread.
The conical threads are matched with the oil inlet channel in a conical thread mode, and the conical threads have good sealing performance, so that sealing operation between the first oil passing component and the oil inlet channel can be avoided.
As shown in fig. 1-4, in another aspect, the present invention provides an embodiment of a hydrostatic rail including a rail mounting assembly, a slider 5, and an anti-tamper restrictor for hydrostatic bearings of any of the above embodiments; the guide rail fixing assembly is provided with a first guide groove and a second guide groove; one side of the sliding block 5 is positioned in the first guide groove, and the other side of the sliding block is positioned in the second guide groove; gaps are formed between the sliding block 5 and the groove walls of the first guide groove and between the sliding block 5 and the groove walls of the second guide groove respectively, a plurality of oil outlet cavities are further formed in the sliding block 5 so as to form an oil film in the gaps under the condition of oil supply, each oil outlet cavity is communicated with the oil supply channel through an oil inlet channel, and an installation cavity matched with the shape of the anti-disturbance restrictor is formed in the oil inlet channel; the anti-disturbance restrictor is sealingly disposed in the mounting cavity.
In some possible embodiments, the hydrostatic guideway further comprises a workbench 4 connected with the sliding block 5, wherein an oil through hole is arranged in the workbench 4, one end of the oil through hole is communicated with the oil supply channel, and the other end of the oil through hole is used for connecting oil supply equipment.
Specifically, the rail fixing assembly includes a base 1, a side rail 2 and an upper rail 3; the base 1 is provided with two supporting bosses 12 with the same height at intervals, two side guide rails 2 are respectively and fixedly arranged on the two supporting bosses 12 through screws, the two side guide rails 2 are arranged in parallel, two upper guide rails 3 are respectively and fixedly arranged on the two side guide rails 2 through screws, the two upper guide rails 3 are arranged in parallel, the base 1, the side guide rails 2 and the upper guide rails 3 form a fixing component of the anti-disturbance hydrostatic guide rail, wherein the supporting bosses 12 on one side, the side guide rails 2 and the upper guide rails 3 form a first guide groove, the supporting bosses 12 on the other side, the side guide rails 2 and the upper guide rails 3 form a second guide groove, and the notch of the first guide groove is opposite to the notch of the second guide groove. Two opposite sides of the sliding block 5 are respectively arranged in the first guide groove and the second guide groove, two supporting legs are symmetrically arranged on the left and right of the lower surface of the workbench 4 and are fixed on the upper surface of the sliding block 5 through screws, and the workbench 4 and the sliding block 5 form a moving part of the hydrostatic guideway.
The height dimension of the slider 5 is slightly smaller than the height of the side rail 2 by a micrometer so as to form an upper supporting oil film gap and a lower supporting oil film gap between the upper surface of the slider 5 and the lower surface of the upper rail 3 and between the lower surface of the slider 5 and the upper surface of the supporting boss 12, respectively, and the width dimension of the slider 5 is slightly smaller than the assembly distance between the inner side surfaces of the two side rail 2 by a micrometer so as to form side supporting oil film gaps between the left and right side surfaces of the slider 5 and the inner side surfaces of the two side rail 2, respectively. The working table 4 and the sliding block 5 are internally provided with flow passages which are mutually connected and are used for supplying static pressure lubricating oil to the upper bearing oil film gap, the lower bearing oil film gap and the side bearing oil film gap, and an anti-disturbance restrictor arranged in the flow passages in the sliding block 5 can automatically adjust the lubricating oil pressure in the oil film gap according to external load change to form an upper bearing oil film, a lower bearing oil film and a side bearing oil film with certain bearing capacity and rigidity, so that the sliding block 5 is suspended, and the movement of the sliding block 5 in the up, down, left and right directions is limited after the sliding block 5 is suspended.
In the present embodiment, the micrometer scale is 1 μm to 99 μm, and the height dimension and width of the slider 5 are preferably smaller than the height of the side rail 2 and the fitting distance between the inner side surfaces of the two side rails 2 by 30 μm to 60 μm, respectively. Four upper oil cavities 53 and upper oil sealing edges 54 are symmetrically arranged on the upper surface of the sliding block 5 in the front-back and left-right directions, and an upper oil cavity oil inlet hole 52 communicated with the upper oil cavity 53 is formed in the upper oil cavity 53; four lower oil cavities 59 and lower oil sealing edges 510 are symmetrically arranged on the front and back and left and right sides of the lower surface of the sliding block 5, and lower oil cavity oil inlet holes 58 communicated with the lower oil cavities 59 are formed in the lower oil cavities 59; four side oil cavities 56 and side oil sealing edges 57 are symmetrically arranged on the side surface of the sliding block 5 in the front-back and left-right directions, and side oil cavity oil inlet holes 55 communicated with the side oil cavities 56 are formed in the side oil cavities 56. The upper oil chamber oil inlet hole 52 and the lower oil chamber oil inlet hole 58 are coaxial and communicated with the side oil chamber oil inlet hole 55, the side oil chamber oil inlet hole 55 is communicated with a slide block vertical oil inlet hole 51 arranged on the surface of the slide block 5, which is contacted with the supporting leg of the workbench 4, a groove for installing a sealing ring is arranged at the orifice of the slide block vertical oil inlet hole 51, and the slide block vertical oil inlet hole 51, the upper oil chamber oil inlet hole 52, the lower oil chamber oil inlet hole 58 and the side oil chamber oil inlet hole 55 jointly form an oil inlet channel. The lower surface of the supporting leg of the workbench 4 is provided with four workbench vertical oil holes 44 at positions corresponding to the four sliding block vertical oil holes 51, the four workbench vertical oil holes 44 are respectively communicated with four workbench horizontal oil holes 43, the left and right two groups of workbench horizontal oil holes 43 are respectively communicated with two workbench vertical oil holes 42 which are symmetrically arranged in the workbench 4, and the two workbench vertical oil holes 42 are communicated with the workbench oil holes 41. The hole openings of the workbench oil inlet hole 41, the workbench longitudinal oil through hole 42 and the workbench transverse oil through hole 43 are provided with cone threaded holes for installing sealing plugs or pipe joints, and the workbench oil inlet hole 41, the workbench longitudinal oil through hole 42 and the workbench transverse oil through hole 43 jointly form an oil supply channel.
The orifices of the upper oil chamber oil inlet hole 52, the lower oil chamber oil inlet hole 58 and the side oil chamber oil inlet hole 55 are configured as a mounting chamber for mounting the anti-interference restrictor, the mounting chamber is formed by providing a combined stepped hole composed of a tapered threaded hole and a stepped light hole. The first oil passing component of the first anti-interference restrictor 6 is configured as a first cone thread plug 61, the second oil passing component of the first anti-interference restrictor 6 is configured as a first flow-through column 62, the first flow-through column 62 is of a T-shaped stepped cylindrical structure with an oil passing hole with a millimeter-level aperture inside, the diameter of the lower end of the oil passing hole is set to be a sub-millimeter level, a first axial viscoelastic ring 64 is arranged on the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the larger end of the first flow-through column 62, and a first radial viscoelastic ring 63 is also arranged on the peripheral surface of the first flow-through column 62; the viscoelastic ring has certain rigidity and damping, is tightly matched in the stepped unthreaded hole, and the first radial viscoelastic ring 63 has a sealing effect on lubricating oil, so that the liquid with certain pressure can only flow through the oil through holes of the first overflowing columns 62; the large end of the first conical screw plug 61 is provided with an inner hexagonal hole.
The diameter of the millimeter-sized oil hole in this embodiment is 1 to 9mm, and the diameter of the millimeter-sized oil hole is preferably 5 to 8mm. In this embodiment, the oil supply path of the upper supporting oil film is: the oil film forming device comprises a workbench oil inlet hole 41, a workbench longitudinal oil passing hole 42, a workbench transverse oil passing hole 43, a workbench vertical oil passing hole 44, a sliding block vertical oil inlet hole 51, a side oil cavity oil inlet hole 55, an upper oil cavity oil inlet hole 52, a first anti-interference restrictor 6, an upper oil cavity 53 and an upper supporting oil film.
The oil supply path of the lower supporting oil film is: the working table oil inlet 41, the working table longitudinal oil hole 42, the working table transverse oil hole 43, the working table vertical oil hole 44, the sliding block vertical oil inlet 51, the side oil cavity oil inlet 55, the lower oil cavity oil inlet 58, the first anti-disturbance restrictor 6, the lower oil cavity 59 and the lower supporting oil film.
The oil supply path of the side support oil film is: the oil film is supported from the side oil cavity 56 to the side through the working table oil inlet 41, the working table longitudinal oil hole 42, the working table transverse oil hole 43, the working table vertical oil hole 44, the sliding block vertical oil inlet 51, the side oil cavity oil inlet 55 and the side oil cavity 56.
In some possible embodiments, the slider 5 is provided with a first oil return groove, and the rail fixing assembly is provided with a second oil return groove in communication with the first oil return groove, the second oil return groove being for communication with the oil supply apparatus.
Specifically, the slider 5 is provided with slider oil return grooves 511 as first oil return grooves between and outside the respective seal edges, a base longitudinal oil return groove 13 and a base peripheral oil return groove 11 as second oil return grooves are provided inside and outside the support boss 12, respectively, a waist-shaped oil return hole 14 communicating with the base longitudinal oil return groove 13 is provided in the base peripheral oil return groove 11, and a horizontal oil return hole 15 communicating with the waist-shaped oil return hole 14 is provided at a position corresponding to the waist-shaped oil return hole. The lubricating oil flowing out of the upper support oil film, the lower support oil film and the side support oil film flows into the base peripheral oil return groove 11 or the base longitudinal oil return groove 13 through the slider oil return groove 511, and then flows back into the oil supply device through the waist-shaped oil return hole 14, the horizontal oil return hole 15 and the hydraulic pipeline in sequence.
It should be noted that, the first anti-interference restrictor 6 in the present embodiment may be replaced by a second anti-interference restrictor 7, where the second anti-interference restrictor 7 is different from the first anti-interference restrictor 6 in that a second cone thread plug 71 and a second through-flow column are disposed in the second anti-interference restrictor 7, and a sub-millimeter orifice is disposed in the second cone thread plug 71, and a sub-millimeter orifice is not disposed in the second through-flow column.
The first anti-disturbance-rejection restrictor 6 in this embodiment may also be replaced with a third anti-disturbance restrictor 8, where the third anti-disturbance restrictor 8 differs from the first anti-disturbance restrictor 6 in that the first conical threaded plug 61 is replaced with a second conical threaded plug 71, and a sub-millimeter-level orifice is disposed in the second conical threaded plug 71, and forms a series composite restriction with the first flow post 62, which can allow the diameter of the orifice to be increased and reduce the processing difficulty.
The first anti-disturbance-rejection restrictor 6 in the present embodiment can also be replaced with a fourth anti-disturbance restrictor 9, and the fourth anti-disturbance restrictor 9 is different from the first anti-disturbance restrictor 6 in that the first axial viscoelastic ring 64 and the first radial viscoelastic ring 63 are replaced with a second axial viscoelastic ring 92 and a second radial viscoelastic ring 91 respectively, and the cross-sectional shapes of the second axial viscoelastic ring 92 and the second radial viscoelastic ring 91 are rectangular, so as to ensure that the second axial viscoelastic ring 92 and the second radial viscoelastic ring 91 can still have a larger contact area with the second tapered screw plug 71 and the oil inlet channel under smaller compression, and ensure good sealing performance.
The foregoing description of the embodiments has been provided for the purpose of illustrating the general principles of the invention, and is not meant to limit the scope of the invention, but to limit the invention to the particular embodiments, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements, etc. that fall within the spirit and principles of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. An anti-rattle restrictor for hydrostatic bearings, comprising:
the first oil passing component is provided with a first oil passing channel;
the second oil passing component is provided with a second oil passing channel communicated with the first oil passing channel, a first annular groove and a second annular groove are respectively arranged at the front end and the rear end of the second oil passing component in the extending direction of the second oil passing channel, a first elastic damping piece and a second elastic damping piece are respectively arranged in the first annular groove and the second annular groove, and the second oil passing component is abutted with the first oil passing component through the first elastic damping piece;
wherein, the diameter of at least one of the first oil passage and the second oil passage is of sub-millimeter level.
2. The anti-disturbance restrictor for hydrostatic bearings according to claim 1, characterized in that the outer peripheral surface of the second oil passage member is provided with a third annular groove, a third elastic damping member is provided in the third annular groove, the third elastic damping member is tightly wrapped on the second oil passage member in the circumferential direction of the second oil passage member, and the third elastic damping member is located between the first elastic damping member and the second elastic damping member.
3. The anti-rattle damper for hydrostatic bearing of claim 2, wherein the first, second, and third elastic damping members are configured as viscoelastic bodies having a certain rigidity and damping, respectively.
4. The anti-disturbance restrictor for hydrostatic bearings of claim 1, characterized in that the first oil passing component is configured as a frustoconical body of revolution and the side wall of the first oil passing component is provided with a conical thread.
5. Hydrostatic rail, characterized by comprising a rail fixation assembly, a slider (5) and an anti-disturbance restrictor for hydrostatic bearings according to any of claims 1-4;
the guide rail fixing assembly is provided with a first guide groove and a second guide groove;
one side of the sliding block (5) is positioned in the first guide groove, and the other side of the sliding block is positioned in the second guide groove; gaps are formed between the sliding block (5) and the groove walls of the first guide groove and the second guide groove respectively, a plurality of oil outlet cavities are further formed in the sliding block (5) so as to form an oil film in the gaps under the condition of oil supply, each oil outlet cavity is communicated with the oil supply channel through an oil inlet channel, and an installation cavity matched with the anti-interference restrictor in shape is formed in the oil inlet channel;
the anti-disturbance restrictor is hermetically arranged in the mounting cavity.
6. The hydrostatic guideway according to claim 5, characterized by further comprising a table (4) connected to the slider (5), wherein an oil through hole is provided in the table (4), and one end of the oil through hole is communicated with the oil supply channel, and the other end is used for connecting an oil supply device.
7. The hydrostatic rail of claim 5, wherein the slider (5) is provided with a first oil return groove, respectively, and the rail fixing assembly is provided with a second oil return groove in communication with the first oil return groove, the second oil return groove being for communication with an oil supply device.
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| CN116160261B (en) * | 2023-04-21 | 2023-07-07 | 江苏领臣精密机械有限公司 | Protection mechanism of hydrostatic guideway |
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