CN113007218A - Series composite throttling hydrostatic pressure rotary table - Google Patents
Series composite throttling hydrostatic pressure rotary table Download PDFInfo
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- CN113007218A CN113007218A CN202110050394.1A CN202110050394A CN113007218A CN 113007218 A CN113007218 A CN 113007218A CN 202110050394 A CN202110050394 A CN 202110050394A CN 113007218 A CN113007218 A CN 113007218A
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- shaft sleeve
- base
- shaft
- oil return
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- 230000002706 hydrostatic effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 397
- 239000002199 base oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 20
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 15
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000010349 pulsation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000110 cooling liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C32/00—Bearings not otherwise provided for
- F16C32/06—Bearings not otherwise provided for with moving member supported by a fluid cushion formed, at least to a large extent, otherwise than by movement of the shaft, e.g. hydrostatic air-cushion bearings
- F16C32/0629—Bearings not otherwise provided for with moving member supported by a fluid cushion formed, at least to a large extent, otherwise than by movement of the shaft, e.g. hydrostatic air-cushion bearings supported by a liquid cushion, e.g. oil cushion
- F16C32/064—Bearings not otherwise provided for with moving member supported by a fluid cushion formed, at least to a large extent, otherwise than by movement of the shaft, e.g. hydrostatic air-cushion bearings supported by a liquid cushion, e.g. oil cushion the liquid being supplied under pressure
- F16C32/0644—Details of devices to control the supply of liquids to the bearings
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C32/00—Bearings not otherwise provided for
- F16C32/06—Bearings not otherwise provided for with moving member supported by a fluid cushion formed, at least to a large extent, otherwise than by movement of the shaft, e.g. hydrostatic air-cushion bearings
- F16C32/0629—Bearings not otherwise provided for with moving member supported by a fluid cushion formed, at least to a large extent, otherwise than by movement of the shaft, e.g. hydrostatic air-cushion bearings supported by a liquid cushion, e.g. oil cushion
- F16C32/064—Bearings not otherwise provided for with moving member supported by a fluid cushion formed, at least to a large extent, otherwise than by movement of the shaft, e.g. hydrostatic air-cushion bearings supported by a liquid cushion, e.g. oil cushion the liquid being supplied under pressure
- F16C32/0651—Details of the bearing area per se
- F16C32/0655—Details of the bearing area per se of supply openings
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C32/00—Bearings not otherwise provided for
- F16C32/06—Bearings not otherwise provided for with moving member supported by a fluid cushion formed, at least to a large extent, otherwise than by movement of the shaft, e.g. hydrostatic air-cushion bearings
- F16C32/0662—Details of hydrostatic bearings independent of fluid supply or direction of load
- F16C32/067—Details of hydrostatic bearings independent of fluid supply or direction of load of bearings adjustable for aligning, positioning, wear or play
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C32/00—Bearings not otherwise provided for
- F16C32/06—Bearings not otherwise provided for with moving member supported by a fluid cushion formed, at least to a large extent, otherwise than by movement of the shaft, e.g. hydrostatic air-cushion bearings
- F16C32/0681—Construction or mounting aspects of hydrostatic bearings, for exclusively rotary movement, related to the direction of load
- F16C32/0696—Construction or mounting aspects of hydrostatic bearings, for exclusively rotary movement, related to the direction of load for both radial and axial load
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Magnetic Bearings And Hydrostatic Bearings (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a serial composite throttling hydrostatic pressure rotary table which comprises a thrust plate, a step shaft, a shaft sleeve and a base, wherein the shaft sleeve is arranged on a small-diameter shaft of the step shaft; a plurality of groups of oil conveying channels are arranged in the base and the shaft sleeve, each group of oil conveying channels comprises a base oil conveying channel and a shaft sleeve oil conveying channel which are mutually communicated, a plurality of oil cavities are arranged on the side surface of the shaft sleeve, the oil cavities are respectively positioned between the shaft sleeve and the step shaft and between the shaft sleeve and the thrust plate, each group of oil conveying channels is communicated with one oil cavity, and each oil cavity is used for conveying oil to the space between the shaft sleeve and the step shaft and between the shaft sleeve and the thrust plate and is used for forming a supporting oil film; all be equipped with the flow controller on every base oil transportation passageway, all be equipped with the flow controller on every axle sleeve oil transportation passageway. By adopting the scheme, the self-adaptive adjustment of the pressure of the supporting oil film along with the change of the external load can be realized through the serial composite throttling action of the two throttlers arranged on the oil passages of the oil cavities.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of hydrostatic pressure supporting, in particular to a serial composite throttling hydrostatic pressure rotary table.
Background
The hydrostatic pressure turntable supplies liquid with certain static pressure to the clearance of the revolute pair through the hydraulic supply device, a formed liquid film completely separates relative rotating parts, and low-friction support without direct contact of solids is realized through the hydrostatic pressure. The hydrostatic pressure rotary table has the advantages of small friction resistance, high motion precision, good bearing property, high reliability, long service life and the like, and is widely applied to the fields of mechanical manufacturing, precision measurement, aviation, aerospace, astronomy, electric power and the like.
Constant pressure oil supply is a common oil supply mode of the hydrostatic pressure turntable, wherein the throttler can automatically adjust the pressure of an oil film along with the change of external load, so that the hydrostatic pressure turntable has certain bearing capacity and rigidity, and is a key device of the hydrostatic pressure turntable for constant pressure oil supply. The orifice restrictor and the capillary restrictor are commonly used restrictors for the hydrostatic rotary table, the orifice restrictor is simple in structure, but poor in dynamic characteristic, and the capillary restrictor is better in dynamic characteristic but needs a larger installation space.
At present, the oil film pressure of a hydrostatic turntable is generally regulated by a restrictor, in order to improve the bearing capacity and rigidity, the critical dimensions of the restrictor, such as the aperture of a small-hole restrictor and the length-diameter ratio of a capillary restrictor, need to be strictly controlled, and the problems that the restrictor is difficult to manufacture, large in space required by installation or easy to block and the like often occur. The oil film pressure of the hydrostatic rotary table generates non-negligible fluctuation under the influence of factors such as oil source pulsation, environmental disturbance and dynamic load, and the single restrictor has weak inhibition capability on the oil film pressure fluctuation, so that the dynamic characteristic of the hydrostatic rotary table is difficult to further improve.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems and provides a serial composite throttling hydrostatic rotary table, by adopting the scheme, the self-adaptive regulation of oil film pressure along with the change of external load can be realized through the serial composite throttling action of two throttlers arranged on oil passages of oil cavities, supporting oil films are formed on the inner cylindrical surface and the upper and lower surfaces of a shaft sleeve, the radial movement and the axial movement of a movable part of the rotary table are limited, and further the high-precision rotary movement of the movable part of the rotary table along the axis of the movable part of the rotary table is realized. The invention not only can improve the dynamic characteristic of the liquid static pressure turntable, but also can reduce the manufacturing difficulty of the restrictor.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a serial composite throttling hydrostatic pressure rotary table comprises a thrust plate, a step shaft, a shaft sleeve and a base, wherein the shaft sleeve is arranged on a small-diameter shaft of the step shaft; a plurality of groups of oil conveying channels are arranged in the base and the shaft sleeve, each group of oil conveying channels comprises a base oil conveying channel and a shaft sleeve oil conveying channel which are mutually communicated, a plurality of oil cavities are arranged on the side surface of the shaft sleeve, the plurality of oil cavities are all positioned between the shaft sleeve and the step shaft and between the shaft sleeve and the thrust plate, each group of oil conveying channels is communicated with one oil cavity, oil film gaps are arranged between the shaft sleeve and the step shaft and between the shaft sleeve and the thrust plate, and each oil cavity conveys oil to the oil film gap and is used for forming a supporting oil film; and each base oil transportation channel is provided with a throttler, and each shaft sleeve oil transportation channel is provided with a throttler.
When the scheme is operated, the step shaft is a T-shaped rotating shaft, the T-shaped rotating shaft comprises a rotating shaft section and a supporting plate, the thrust plate is arranged at the top of the step shaft, the base is arranged below the step shaft, the shaft sleeve is sleeved on a small-diameter shaft of the step shaft, namely, the shaft sleeve is sleeved on the rotating shaft section, the step shaft can rotate around the axis of the step shaft and drives the thrust plate to rotate together, and the step shaft, the thrust plate and the base are arranged on the same central axis; the outer side ends of the shaft sleeve and the base exceed the end part of the stepped shaft, a plurality of shaft sleeve oil delivery channels are arranged in the shaft sleeve, a plurality of base oil delivery channels are arranged in the base, the base oil delivery channels are communicated with the shaft sleeve oil delivery channels at the positions, exceeding the end part of the stepped shaft, of the shaft sleeve and the base and deliver lubricating oil into the shaft sleeve oil delivery channels, one base oil delivery channel is matched with one shaft sleeve oil delivery channel to form one oil delivery channel, and the number of the oil delivery channels is multiple; the side surface of the shaft sleeve is also provided with a plurality of oil cavities, the oil cavities are positioned between the shaft sleeve and the step shaft and between the shaft sleeve and the thrust plate, and each oil conveying channel is communicated with one oil cavity; lubricating oil passes through the base oil conveying channel and the shaft sleeve oil conveying channel and enters the plurality of oil cavities, the height of the shaft sleeve is slightly smaller than the height of the rotating shaft section, so that oil film gaps are formed between the upper end, the lower end and the inner side of the shaft sleeve and between the thrust plate and the step shaft respectively, the lubricating oil flows into the oil film gaps, a supporting oil film can be formed, the supporting oil film can limit the radial movement and the axial movement of the moving part of the rotating table, and further the high-precision rotary movement of the moving part of the rotating table along the axis of the moving part of the rotating table is realized;
the throttler is arranged on each base oil conveying channel, the throttler is arranged on each shaft sleeve oil conveying channel, two throttlers are arranged in one oil conveying channel formed by one base oil conveying channel and one shaft sleeve oil conveying channel, the serial composite throttling function of the two throttlers realizes the self-adaptive adjustment of oil film pressure along with the change of external loads, the dynamic characteristic of the hydrostatic pressure turntable can be improved, and the manufacturing difficulty of the throttlers can be reduced.
Further optimizing, the end part of the throttler is provided with a conical external thread, and conical threaded holes for installing the throttler are arranged in the base oil conveying channel and the shaft sleeve oil conveying channel.
When this scheme specifically operates, for stable installation flow controller, all be equipped with the circular cone screw hole that is used for installing the flow controller in base oil transportation passageway and axle sleeve oil transportation passageway to make the flow controller tip have a circular cone external screw thread, wherein the optional aperture flow controller of taking the circular cone external screw thread of a terminal area of flow controller, capillary flow controller, gap flow controller or other combination of taking one kind or two kinds of flow controllers of circular cone external screw thread.
The oil cavities comprise a plurality of radial oil cavities, an upper oil cavity and a lower oil cavity, and the radial oil cavities are arranged on the inner side of the shaft sleeve and are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the shaft sleeve; the upper oil cavities are all arranged at the top of the shaft sleeve and are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the shaft sleeve; and the lower oil cavities are all arranged at the bottom of the shaft sleeve and are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the shaft sleeve.
When the scheme is operated, the plurality of oil cavities comprise a plurality of radial oil cavities, a plurality of upper oil cavities and a plurality of lower oil cavities, the plurality of radial oil cavities are arranged on the inner side of the shaft sleeve and are arranged opposite to the outer side of the rotating shaft section, 4 same radial oil cavities are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the shaft sleeve, an oil film gap through which lubricating oil flows is reserved between the inner cylindrical surface of the shaft sleeve and the outer cylindrical surface of the rotating shaft section, and the lubricating oil flows into the oil film gap to form a supporting oil film for limiting radial movement of the step shaft during rotation; the upper oil cavities are all arranged on the upper surface of the shaft sleeve and are arranged opposite to the lower surface of the thrust plate, 4 identical upper oil cavities are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the shaft sleeve, the lower oil cavities are all arranged on the lower surface of the shaft sleeve and are arranged opposite to the upper surface of the bearing plate of the step shaft, 4 identical lower oil cavities are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the shaft sleeve, and lubricating oil passes through oil film gaps at the upper oil cavities and the lower oil cavities to form a bearing oil film to limit axial movement of the step shaft during rotation.
The improved structure is further optimized to further comprise a switching mandrel, a through hole is formed in the middle of the base, the switching mandrel is arranged at the through hole in the middle of the base, and the upper end face of the switching mandrel is connected with the lower end face of the step shaft.
When this scheme is specifically operated, the through-hole is opened at the base middle part to put into the switching dabber in through-hole department, terminal surface connection under switching dabber up end and the step axle, and drive the step axle rotatory.
The oil storage device is further optimized to further comprise an annular oil return plate, the annular oil return plate is arranged on the inner side of the base, a first base groove, an annular oil through groove and a second base groove are sequentially arranged on the inner side of the base from bottom to top, O-shaped sealing rings are arranged in the first base groove and the second base groove respectively, an oil storage cavity is formed among the annular oil through groove, the outer side of the annular oil return plate and the two O-shaped sealing rings, and the oil conveying channels are communicated with the oil storage cavity;
the oil pump is characterized in that the shaft sleeve is further provided with a plurality of shaft sleeve oil return grooves and a plurality of shaft sleeve oil return holes, the annular oil return plate is further provided with an oil return plate groove, the shaft sleeve oil return grooves and the shaft sleeve oil return holes are communicated with the oil return plate groove, and oil flowing through the oil film gap can enter the oil return plate groove through the shaft sleeve oil return grooves or the shaft sleeve oil return holes.
When the scheme is in operation, the inner side of the base is further provided with an annular oil return plate, a first base groove, an annular oil through groove and a second base groove are sequentially arranged on the inner side of the base from bottom to top, wherein the upper end and the lower end of the outer side surface of a cylinder of the annular oil return plate exceed the first base groove and the second base groove, O-shaped sealing rings are arranged on the first base groove and the second base groove, an oil storage cavity is formed between the upper O-shaped sealing ring and the lower O-shaped sealing ring and the outer side surface of the cylinder of the annular oil return plate, one end of the annular oil through groove is communicated with an oil conveying channel of the base, the other end of the annular oil through groove is communicated with the oil storage cavity, lubricating oil input by the base is input into the oil storage cavity and;
the shaft sleeve is also provided with a plurality of shaft sleeve oil return grooves and a plurality of shaft sleeve oil return holes, wherein the shaft sleeve oil return grooves comprise shaft sleeve axial oil return grooves, shaft sleeve upper oil return grooves, shaft sleeve circumferential oil return grooves and shaft sleeve lower oil return grooves, lubricating oil flowing through an oil film gap can enter the shaft sleeve axial oil return grooves, the shaft sleeve upper oil return grooves, the shaft sleeve circumferential oil return grooves or the shaft sleeve lower oil return grooves, an oil return plate groove is further formed in the annular oil return plate, the shaft sleeve oil return grooves and the shaft sleeve oil return holes are communicated with the oil return plate groove, and the lubricating oil in the oil film gap can enter the oil return plate groove through the shaft sleeve oil return grooves or the shaft sleeve oil return holes and is recycled.
Further optimize, the base outside still is equipped with oil inlet and oil-out, still be equipped with oil return plate oil gallery on the annular oil return plate, oil return plate oil gallery is located oil return plate slot below to with oil return plate slot intercommunication, the oil inlet communicates with the oil storage chamber, the oil-out communicates with oil return plate oil gallery.
When the scheme is operated, an oil inlet and an oil outlet are respectively arranged at two ends of the outer side of the base, and lubricating oil enters the base oil conveying channel from the oil inlet and is conveyed into the shaft sleeve oil conveying channel through the oil storage cavity to form a supporting oil film; and an oil return plate oil return hole is further formed in the annular oil return plate, one end of the oil return plate oil return hole is located below the oil return plate groove and is communicated with the oil return plate groove, the other end of the oil return plate oil return hole is communicated with the oil outlet, and lubricating oil at the oil film gap enters the oil return plate oil return hole from the oil return plate groove after entering the oil return plate groove through the shaft sleeve oil return groove or the shaft sleeve oil return hole, flows out of the rotary table from the oil outlet and finally returns to the oil supply device through the oil return pipe.
Further optimize, still include motor stator and motor active cell, motor stator and motor active cell all are located between inboard and the switching dabber of base, motor stator is used for driving motor active cell, motor active cell is used for driving the switching dabber rotatory, the switching dabber drives the step axle and rotates around self axis.
When this scheme specifically operates, still be provided with motor stator and motor active cell between base inboard and switching dabber, external power source drive motor stator and motor active cell work to drive the switching dabber and rotate around self axis, the switching dabber drives the step axle again and rotates around self axis.
Further optimize, still include ladder ring keysets, circle grating chi and grating chi reading head, ladder ring keysets, circle grating chi and grating chi reading head all are located between inboard and the switching dabber of base, motor stator and motor rotor all are located ladder ring keysets top, circle grating chi and grating chi reading head all are located ladder ring keysets below for detect the rotation angle of switching dabber.
When this scheme specifically operates, still be equipped with ladder ring keysets and grating chi subassembly between base inboard and switching dabber, motor stator is located ladder ring keysets top with the motor active cell, grating chi subassembly is located ladder ring keysets below, wherein grating chi subassembly includes circle grating chi and grating chi reading head, grating chi reading head and circle grating chi mutual disposition for detect the rotation angle of switching dabber, wherein circle grating chi locates the switching dabber bottom outside, and along with switching dabber synchronous revolution, grating chi reading head can receive the detection data of circle grating chi.
Further optimize, still include the reading head fixing base, it has waist type through-hole to open on the reading head fixing base, the reading head fixing base passes through waist type through-hole and ladder ring keysets lower surface screwed connection.
When this scheme specifically functions, still be equipped with the first fixing base of reading for fixed grating ruler reading head, and it has two waist type through-holes to open on the first fixing base of reading, and the first fixing base of reading passes through waist type through-hole and ladder ring keysets lower surface screw connection, two screws of every waist type through-hole installation, and two screw hole intervals on the length ratio ladder ring keysets of waist type through-hole are big, the mounted position of the first mounted position of grating ruler reading of being convenient for adjust, reinforcing revolving stage position feedback signal.
Further optimize, still include workstation and oil seal fender ring, the thrust plate top is located to the workstation, the oil seal fender ring is located the thrust plate tip outside, the workstation lower extreme outside is equipped with circular ladder boss, oil seal fender ring upper end inboard is equipped with circular ladder boss, circular ladder boss is located go up the circular ladder boss outside, circular ladder boss and last circular ladder boss mutually support and form the non-contact maze, oil seal fender ring inboard lower extreme is equipped with down circular ladder boss, circular ladder boss stretches into the oil gallery that is located the axle sleeve outside down, the circular ladder boss outside still is equipped with the annular groove that is used for installing O type sealing washer down.
When the scheme is operated, the upper end face of the thrust plate is also provided with a workbench, the end part of the workbench exceeds the thrust plate, a circular stepped boss is arranged on the lower side of the end part of the workbench and is arranged on the outer side of an upper circular stepped boss arranged on the inner side of the upper end of an oil sealing baffle ring, the upper circular stepped boss of the oil sealing baffle ring and the circular stepped boss of the workbench are matched to form a non-contact labyrinth, so that impurities such as cutting chips, cooling liquid, dust and the like are prevented from entering the rotary table, the lower end of the inner side of the oil sealing baffle ring is provided with a lower circular stepped boss which extends into a circumferential oil return groove of the shaft sleeve on the outermost side, and lubricating oil which is rotated and; the outer side of the stepped boss at the lower end of the oil sealing baffle ring is provided with an annular groove for installing an O-shaped sealing ring, so that lubricating oil is prevented from seeping out of the outer side of the rotary table and external impurities are prevented from entering the rotary table.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the scheme provides a serial composite throttling hydrostatic pressure rotary table, and by adopting the scheme, self-adaptive regulation of oil film pressure along with external load change can be realized through the serial composite throttling action of two throttlers arranged on oil passages of oil chambers, and supporting oil films are formed on the inner cylindrical surface, the upper surface and the lower surface of a shaft sleeve to limit radial motion and axial movement of a rotary table moving part, so that high-precision rotary motion of the rotary table moving part along the axis of the rotary table moving part is realized. The invention not only can improve the dynamic characteristic of the liquid static pressure turntable, but also can reduce the manufacturing difficulty of the restrictor.
The pressure of the supporting oil film is subjected to series composite throttling through the two throttlers, the throttling effect is strong, the bearing capacity of the rotary table is large, the rigidity is high, the requirements on the size and the precision of a single throttler are low, and the manufacturing of the throttler is facilitated; the throttler is arranged in the base and the shaft sleeve, a throttling device does not need to be arranged outside the rotary table, the occupied space is small, and the whole structure of the rotary table is simple and compact; the pressure of each supporting oil film is adjusted through two independent throttlers, the mutual influence of the pressures of the supporting oil films is small, and the anti-jamming capability of the rotary table is high; the installation space of the throttleer is large, two capillary throttleers or other throttleers with high dynamic characteristics can be installed on oil passages leading to oil cavities, the influence of interference such as oil source pulsation, environmental disturbance and dynamic load on the movement precision of the rotary table is restrained, and the dynamic characteristics of the rotary table are improved. The series composite throttling mode can be popularized and applied to the fields of hydrostatic bearings, aerostatic bearings, hydrostatic guide rails, aerostatic guide rails and other hydrostatic bearings.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a tandem compound throttling hydrostatic pressure rotary table provided by the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of oil passages of upper and lower oil chambers of a tandem compound throttling hydrostatic rotary table provided by the invention;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a tandem compound throttle hydrostatic turret-step shaft according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a tandem compound throttling hydrostatic turntable-base according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a top view of a tandem compound throttling hydrostatic pressure turntable-base according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a tandem composite throttling hydrostatic pressure rotary table-shaft sleeve provided by the invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a serial composite throttling hydrostatic pressure turntable-reading head fixing seat provided by the invention.
The reference numbers in the figures are: 1. a workbench, 2, a thrust plate, 3, a step shaft, 4, a switching mandrel, 5, a motor rotor, 6, a motor stator, 7, a step ring adapter plate, 8, a circular grating ruler, 9, a grating ruler reading head, 10, a reading head fixing seat, 11, a lower end surface protection plate, 12, a base, 13, an annular oil return plate, 14, a shaft sleeve, 15, an oil sealing baffle ring, 31, a rotating shaft section, 32, a support plate, 33, a sealing step boss, 121, an oil inlet, 122, a base first vertical oil through hole, 123, an annular oil through groove, 124, a base vertical oil return hole, 125, a base horizontal oil return hole, 126, a base second vertical oil through hole, 127, a base third vertical oil through hole, 128, a base fourth vertical oil through hole, 129, a base inner first step, 1210, a base inner second step, 1211, a base inner third step, 1212, a base first groove, 1213 and a base second groove, 1214. the base third groove, 1215, the base fourth groove, 131, the oil return plate oil return hole, 132, the oil return plate groove, 141, the shaft sleeve first vertical oil inlet hole, 142, the shaft sleeve first horizontal oil through hole, 143, the radial oil cavity oil inlet hole, 144, the radial oil cavity, 145, the shaft sleeve second vertical oil inlet hole, 146, the shaft sleeve second horizontal oil through hole, 147, the upper oil cavity oil inlet hole, 148, the upper oil cavity, 149, the lower oil cavity, 1410, the lower oil cavity oil inlet hole, 1411, the shaft sleeve third horizontal oil through hole, 1412, the shaft sleeve third vertical oil inlet hole, 1413, the shaft sleeve axial oil return groove, 1414, the shaft sleeve upper oil return groove, 1415, the shaft sleeve circumferential oil return groove, 1416, the shaft sleeve oil return hole, 1417 and the shaft sleeve lower oil return groove.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples.
Example (b): as shown in fig. 1 to 7, a serial composite throttling hydrostatic pressure turntable comprises a moving part and a fixed part, and comprises a workbench 1, a thrust plate 2, a step shaft 3, a switching mandrel 4, a motor rotor 5, a motor stator 6, a stepped ring adapter plate 7, a circular grating ruler 8, a grating ruler reading head 9, a reading head fixing seat 10, a lower end surface protection plate 11, a base 12, an annular oil return plate 13, a shaft sleeve 14, an oil sealing baffle ring 15 and a throttler, wherein the step shaft is a T-shaped rotating shaft; the workbench 1 is fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the thrust plate 2, the thrust plate 2 is fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the step shaft 3, the switching mandrel 4 is fixedly arranged on the lower surface of the step shaft 3, a stepped circular boss is arranged on the outer side of the lower end of the switching mandrel 4, the motor rotor 5 is fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the stepped circular boss of the switching mandrel 4, and the circular grating ruler 8 is fixedly arranged on the lower surface of the stepped circular boss of the switching mandrel 4; the axes of the workbench 1, the thrust plate 2, the step shaft 3, the switching mandrel 4, the motor rotor 5 and the circular grating ruler 8 are overlapped to form a moving part of the turntable. The inner side of a base 12 is provided with three steps, a lower end surface protection plate 11 is fixedly arranged on the lower surface of a first step 129 on the inner side of the base, a step ring adapter plate 7 is fixed on the lower surface of a second step 1210 on the inner side of the base, a motor stator 6 is fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the step ring adapter plate 7, a reading head fixing seat 10 is arranged on the lower surface of the step ring adapter plate 7, a reading head 9 of a grating ruler is arranged on the side surface of the reading head fixing seat 10 and is arranged opposite to a circular grating ruler 8, an annular oil return plate 13 is arranged on the third step 1211 on the inner side of the base, a shaft sleeve 14 is fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the base 12, and an oil; the axes of the motor stator 6, the stepped ring adapter plate 7, the grating ruler reading head 9, the lower end surface protection plate 11, the base 12, the annular oil return plate 13, the shaft sleeve 14 and the oil seal baffle ring 15 are overlapped, and the motor stator, the stepped ring adapter plate, the grating ruler reading head and the lower end surface protection plate form a fixed part of the rotary table together with the reading head fixing seat 10.
In this embodiment, the step shaft 3 is composed of a rotating shaft section 31, a bearing plate 32 and a sealing step boss 33; four same radial oil cavities 144 uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction are arranged on the inner side of the shaft sleeve 14 and are arranged opposite to the outer side of the rotating shaft section 31, the inner diameter of the shaft sleeve 14 is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the rotating shaft section 31, and an oil film gap through which lubricating oil flows is reserved between the inner cylindrical surface of the shaft sleeve 14 and the outer cylindrical surface of the rotating shaft section 31; the upper surface of the shaft sleeve 14 is provided with four identical upper oil cavities 148 uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction and arranged opposite to the lower surface of the thrust plate 2, the lower surface of the shaft sleeve 14 is provided with four identical lower oil cavities 149 uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction and arranged opposite to the upper surface of the support plate 32, the height of the shaft sleeve 14 is slightly smaller than the height of the rotating shaft section 31, and oil film gaps through which lubricating oil flows are reserved between the upper and lower surfaces of the shaft sleeve 14 and the thrust plate 2 and the support plate 32.
In this embodiment, an annular oil through groove 123 is disposed on the inner side of the base 12, a first base groove 1212 and a second base groove 1213 for installing O-ring are disposed on the upper and lower sides of the annular oil through groove 123, and the lubricating oil enters the oil storage cavity formed by the annular oil through groove 123, the cylindrical outer side of the annular oil return plate 13 and the O-ring through the oil inlet 121 disposed on the lower end side of the base 12 along the first vertical oil through hole 122 of the base, then enters each radial oil cavity 144, the upper oil cavity 148 and the lower oil cavity 149 through oil through holes arranged in the base 12 and the shaft sleeve 14, flows through an oil film gap, flows into the oil return plate groove 132 through a shaft sleeve axial oil return groove 1413, a shaft sleeve upper oil return groove 1414, a shaft sleeve circumferential oil return groove 1415, a shaft sleeve oil return hole 1416 or a shaft sleeve lower oil return groove 1417, flows out of the turntable through the oil return plate oil return hole 131, the base vertical oil return hole 124 and the base horizontal oil return hole 125 in sequence, and finally returns to the oil supply device through an oil return pipe. A conical threaded hole for installing a plug is arranged at the orifice of the first vertical oil through hole 122 of the base.
In this embodiment, the oil supply passage of the radial oil chamber 144 is: the oil inlet 121 → the first vertical oil through hole 122 of the base → the annular oil through groove 123 → the second vertical oil through hole 126 of the base → the first vertical oil inlet hole 141 of the shaft sleeve → the first horizontal oil through hole 142 of the shaft sleeve → the oil inlet hole 143 of the radial oil chamber → the radial oil chamber 144, the orifice of the first horizontal oil through hole 142 of the shaft sleeve is provided with a conical threaded hole for installing a plug, the outer side of the orifice of the second vertical oil through hole 126 of the base is provided with a groove for installing an O-ring seal, and the orifices of the second vertical oil through hole 126 of the base and the oil inlet hole 143 of the radial oil chamber are provided with.
In this embodiment, the oil supply passage of the upper oil chamber 148 is: the oil inlet 121 → the first vertical oil through hole 122 of the base → the annular oil through groove 123 → the third vertical oil through hole 127 of the base → the second vertical oil inlet hole 145 of the shaft sleeve → the second horizontal oil through hole 146 of the shaft sleeve → the oil inlet hole 147 of the upper oil cavity → the upper oil cavity 148, the hole of the second horizontal oil through hole 146 of the shaft sleeve is provided with a conical threaded hole for installing a plug, the outer side of the hole of the third vertical oil through hole 127 of the base is provided with a groove for installing an O-shaped sealing ring, and the hole of the third vertical oil through hole 127 of the base and the oil inlet hole 147 of the upper oil cavity are provided.
In this embodiment, the oil supply channel of the lower oil cavity 149 is: the oil inlet 121 → the first vertical oil through hole 122 of the base → the annular oil through groove 123 → the fourth vertical oil through hole 128 of the base → the third vertical oil inlet hole 1412 of the shaft sleeve → the third horizontal oil through hole 1411 of the shaft sleeve → the oil inlet hole 1410 of the oil gallery → the oil gallery 149, a conical threaded hole for installing a plug is provided at the orifice of the third horizontal oil through hole 1411 of the shaft sleeve, a groove for installing an O-ring is provided at the outside of the orifice of the fourth vertical oil through hole 128 of the base, and conical threaded holes for installing a restrictor are provided at the orifices of the fourth vertical oil through hole 128 of the base and the oil inlet hole 1410 of.
In this embodiment, the restrictor may be a small-hole restrictor with a conical external thread at one end, a capillary restrictor, a slit restrictor, or a combination of one or two other restrictors with a conical external thread, the same restrictor is installed in conical threaded holes at the orifices of the second vertical oil through hole 126 of the base, the third vertical oil through hole 127 of the base, and the fourth vertical oil through hole 128 of the base, and the same restrictor is installed in conical threaded holes in the oil inlet hole 143 of the radial oil cavity, the oil inlet hole 147 of the upper oil cavity, and the oil inlet hole 1410 of the lower oil cavity.
In this embodiment, a circular stepped boss is provided on the outer side of the lower end of the table 1, and a non-contact labyrinth is formed outside the upper circular stepped boss provided on the inner side of the upper end of the oil seal retainer ring 15, so that impurities such as chips, coolant, dust, etc. are prevented from entering the inside of the turntable. A lower circular stepped boss is arranged on the inner side of the lower end of the oil seal baffle ring 15 and extends into the circumferential oil return groove 1415 of the shaft sleeve, and lubricating oil which is spun out by the rotation of the thrust plate 2 is led into the circumferential oil return groove 1415 of the shaft sleeve; the outer side of the circular stepped boss below the oil seal baffle ring 15 is provided with an annular groove for installing an O-shaped sealing ring, so that lubricating oil is prevented from seeping out of the outer side of the rotary table and external impurities are prevented from entering the rotary table.
In this embodiment, the serial composite throttling hydrostatic rotary table is provided with an annular groove for mounting an O-shaped sealing ring at the interconnection of parts around the oil return plate groove 132, and includes a base fourth groove 1215 on the outer side of the base vertical oil return hole 124, a groove on the outer side of the sealed stepped boss 33, and a base third groove 1214, so that a part gap outside an oil path of the oil return plate groove 132 is sealed, and lubricating oil is prevented from entering the inside of the base 12 and the outside of the rotary table to pollute the external environment of the motor, the grating ruler, and the rotary table.
In this embodiment, two holes that reading head fixing base 10 is used for being connected with ladder ring keysets 7 are waist type through-holes, and two screws are installed to every waist type through-hole, and the length of waist type through-hole is greater than two screw hole intervals on ladder ring keysets 7, and the mounted position of the grating ruler reading head 9 of being convenient for adjust strengthens revolving stage position feedback signal.
In the embodiment, after lubricating oil is introduced into the serial composite throttling hydrostatic pressure turntable, two throttlers which are installed on oil paths leading to oil cavities in series can adaptively adjust the pressure of the oil cavities in real time according to the change of external loads; a guide oil film along the axis is formed between the inner cylindrical surface of the shaft sleeve 14 and the outer cylindrical surface of the rotating shaft section 31, and the moving part of the rotary table is limited from deviating from the axis; a thrust oil film is formed between the lower surface of the thrust plate 2 and the upper surface of the shaft sleeve 14, a supporting oil film is formed between the upper surface of the supporting plate 32 and the lower surface of the shaft sleeve 14, the movement of the moving part of the rotary table along the axis is limited, and the torque motor drives the moving part of the rotary table according to control input, so that high-precision rotary motion of the moving part of the rotary table along the axis is realized.
The above embodiments are provided to further explain the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in detail, it should be understood that the above embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The serial composite throttling hydrostatic pressure turntable comprises a thrust plate (2), a step shaft (3), a shaft sleeve (14) and a base (12), wherein the shaft sleeve (14) is arranged on a small-diameter shaft of the step shaft (3), the thrust plate (2) is arranged at the top of the step shaft (3), and the base (12) is arranged at the bottom of the step shaft (3); a plurality of groups of oil delivery channels are arranged in the base (12) and the shaft sleeve (14), each group of oil delivery channels comprises a base oil delivery channel and a shaft sleeve oil delivery channel which are communicated with each other, a plurality of oil cavities are arranged on the side surface of the shaft sleeve (14), the plurality of oil cavities are positioned between the shaft sleeve (14) and the stepped shaft (3) and between the shaft sleeve (14) and the thrust plate (2), each group of oil delivery channels is communicated with one oil cavity, oil film gaps are arranged between the shaft sleeve (14) and the stepped shaft (3) and between the shaft sleeve (14) and the thrust plate (2), and each oil cavity is used for delivering oil to the oil film gap to form a supporting oil film; and each base oil transportation channel is provided with a throttler, and each shaft sleeve oil transportation channel is provided with a throttler.
2. The tandem compound throttling hydrostatic pressure rotary table according to claim 1, wherein the end part of the throttling device is provided with a conical external thread, and conical threaded holes for installing the throttling device are formed in the oil conveying channel of the base (12) and the oil conveying channel of the shaft sleeve (14).
3. The tandem compound throttling hydrostatic rotary table according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of oil cavities comprises a plurality of radial oil cavities (144), an upper oil cavity (148) and a lower oil cavity (149), and the plurality of radial oil cavities (144) are all arranged on the inner side of the shaft sleeve (14) and are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the shaft sleeve (14); the upper oil chambers (148) are all arranged at the top of the shaft sleeve (14) and are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the shaft sleeve (14); the lower oil cavities (149) are all arranged at the bottom of the shaft sleeve (14) and are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the shaft sleeve (14).
4. The tandem composite throttling hydrostatic pressure rotary table according to claim 1, further comprising a switching mandrel (4), wherein a through hole is formed in the middle of the base (12), the switching mandrel (4) is arranged at the through hole in the middle of the base (12), and the upper end surface of the switching mandrel (4) is connected with the lower end surface of the step shaft (3).
5. The tandem compound throttling hydrostatic pressure rotary table according to claim 4, further comprising an annular oil return plate (13), wherein the annular oil return plate (13) is arranged inside the base (12), a first base groove (1212), an annular oil through groove (123) and a second base groove (1213) are sequentially arranged inside the base (12) from bottom to top, O-ring seals are arranged in the first base groove (1212) and the second base groove (1213), an oil storage cavity is formed between the annular oil through groove (123), the outer side of the annular oil return plate (13) and the two O-ring seals, and a plurality of oil delivery passages are all communicated with the oil storage cavity;
the oil-return-plate oil-return device is characterized in that a plurality of shaft sleeve oil return grooves and a plurality of shaft sleeve oil return holes (1416) are further formed in the shaft sleeve (14), an oil return plate groove (132) is further formed in the annular oil return plate (13), the shaft sleeve oil return grooves and the shaft sleeve oil return holes (1416) are communicated with the oil return plate groove (132), and oil flowing through an oil film gap can enter the oil return plate groove (132).
6. The tandem compound throttling hydrostatic pressure rotary table according to claim 5, wherein an oil inlet (121) and an oil outlet are further formed in the outer side of the base (12), an oil return plate oil return hole (131) is further formed in the annular oil return plate (13), the oil return plate oil return hole (131) is located below the oil return plate groove (132) and is communicated with the oil return plate groove (132), the oil inlet (121) is communicated with the oil storage chamber, and the oil outlet is communicated with the oil return plate oil return hole (131).
7. The serial composite throttling hydrostatic pressure rotary table according to claim 4, further comprising a motor stator (6) and a motor rotor (5), wherein the motor stator (6) and the motor rotor (5) are both located between the inner side of the base (12) and the adapting spindle (4), the motor stator (6) is used for driving the motor rotor (5), the motor rotor (5) is used for driving the adapting spindle (4) to rotate, the adapting spindle (4) drives the step shaft (3) to rotate around the axis of the step shaft, and the thrust plate (2) rotates synchronously with the step shaft (3).
8. The tandem composite throttling hydrostatic pressure rotary table according to claim 7, further comprising a stepped ring adapter plate (7), a circular grating ruler (8) and a grating ruler reading head (9), wherein the stepped ring adapter plate (7), the circular grating ruler (8) and the grating ruler reading head (9) are all located between the inner side of the base (12) and the adapting spindle (4), the motor stator (6) and the motor rotor (5) are all located above the stepped ring adapter plate (7), and the circular grating ruler (8) and the grating ruler reading head (9) are both located below the stepped ring adapter plate (7) and are used for detecting the rotation angle of the adapting spindle (4).
9. The tandem compound throttling hydrostatic pressure rotary table according to claim 8, further comprising a reading head fixing seat (10), wherein the reading head fixing seat (10) is provided with a waist-shaped through hole, and the reading head fixing seat (10) is in screw connection with the lower surface of the stepped ring adapter plate (7) through the waist-shaped through hole.
10. A tandem compound throttling hydrostatic pressure rotary table according to claim 5, further comprising a working table (1) and an oil seal baffle ring (15), the workbench (1) is arranged above the thrust plate (2), the oil sealing baffle ring (15) is arranged at the outer side of the end part of the thrust plate (2), a circular step boss is arranged on the outer side of the lower end of the workbench (1), an upper circular step boss is arranged on the inner side of the upper end of the oil sealing baffle ring (15), the circular stepped boss is arranged on the outer side of the upper circular stepped boss, the circular stepped boss and the upper circular stepped boss are mutually matched to form a non-contact labyrinth, the lower end of the inner side of the oil sealing baffle ring (15) is provided with a lower circular stepped boss, the lower circular stepped boss extends into an oil return groove located on the outermost side of the shaft sleeve (14), and the outer side of the lower circular stepped boss is further provided with an annular groove for mounting an O-shaped sealing ring.
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| CN202110050394.1A CN113007218B (en) | 2021-01-14 | 2021-01-14 | Series composite throttling hydrostatic turntable |
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| CN202110050394.1A CN113007218B (en) | 2021-01-14 | 2021-01-14 | Series composite throttling hydrostatic turntable |
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| CN114310363A (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-04-12 | 姜堰经济开发区科创中心 | Mobile slewing device based on hydrostatic lubrication |
| CN114857174A (en) * | 2022-06-16 | 2022-08-05 | 中国工程物理研究院机械制造工艺研究所 | Anti-disturbance restrictor for hydrostatic bearing and hydrostatic guide rail |
| CN115325026A (en) * | 2022-08-23 | 2022-11-11 | 通用技术集团机床工程研究院有限公司 | Hydrostatic bearing unit with built-in throttler and ultra-precise hydrostatic rotary table |
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| CN115325026B (en) * | 2022-08-23 | 2023-09-05 | 通用技术集团机床工程研究院有限公司 | Hydrostatic bearing unit with built-in restrictor and ultra-precise hydrostatic turntable |
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