CN114854303A - 高性能水性双组分uv双固化的快干型罩光清漆涂料及其应用 - Google Patents
高性能水性双组分uv双固化的快干型罩光清漆涂料及其应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种高性能水性双组分UV双固化的快干型罩光清漆涂料,包括A组分和B组分:A组分包括以下重量份组分:水性紫外光固化聚氨酯丙烯酸酯乳液30‑40份,水性羟基丙烯酸分散体30‑40份,水分散型超支化聚酯5‑10份,润湿剂0.2‑1份,流平剂0.2‑1份,消泡剂0.2‑1份,流变控制剂0.2‑1份,助溶剂5‑10份,水8‑15份;B组分包括以下重量份组分:异氰酸酯树脂60‑75份,助溶剂5‑20份,光引发剂1‑5份;A组分和B组分的配比按‑NCO:‑OH的摩尔比为1.1:1至1.3:1。与现有技术相比,本发明涂料具有环保、涂层性能稳定,机械性能、耐液体介质性、耐候性均表现优异等优点。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及涂料领域,具体而言,涉及高性能水性双组分UV双固化的快干型罩光清漆涂料的制备方法及其应用。
背景技术
一直以来,国内市场上的汽车罩光清漆都以溶剂型为主,这是由于溶剂型清漆具有良好的施工性和优异的涂膜性能。近年来随着环保法规对挥发性有机物排放的限制,市场对水性涂料的需求不断增加。但在汽车修补漆市场,由于烘烤条件限制,传统的水性涂料干燥时间慢、固化时间长,涂层需要长时间才能达到性能稳定,这些不利条件导致传统水性涂料难以满足快节奏是修补市场需求;并且随着汽车智能修补喷涂技术的引进,汽车涂层修补速度进一步加强,导致传统的水性涂料越发难以满足当中修补市场需求。
专利申请CN202110198394.6双组份水性汽车罩光清漆,由组分A和B构成,其中组分A包括(1)聚天门冬氨酸酯分散体;(2)其它含有活性羟基的树脂分散体;(3)成膜助剂;(4)水性涂料助剂;(5)pH调节剂;(6)去离子水;B组份包括:(1)水可分散异氰酸酯固化剂;(2)稀释剂,且A组分与B组分当量比1:1-1:2。这种水性罩光清漆既能满足汽车涂料对耐老化、抗冲击等防腐防护性能方面的要求,又能满足汽车对光泽度、透明度等光学性能的要求。同时,这种双组份水性汽车罩光清漆的工艺性既能满足汽车主机厂(OEM)的涂装要求,也能满足汽车钣喷修补的要求。但是该专利相较传统的双组分聚氨酯清漆涂料,通过将A组分中部分-OH与-NCO的反应固化替换为活性更强的-NH与-NCO反应固化,从提升化学反应速率的角度出发缩短了涂层的固化温度和固化时间,但从其实施例可看出,其性能完全达到稳定,还需要60℃数小时的固化时间,并且聚脲涂层因为其涂层封闭性太过优异,在涂层有缺陷或破损后对其耐水性、耐液体介质性有负面效果,易导致缺陷或破损漆膜周围耐水或耐液体介质后起泡。
发明内容
本发明的目的就是为了克服上述现有技术存在的缺陷而提供一种高性能水性双组分UV双固化的快干型罩光清漆涂料及其应用。本发明通过降低用光固化树脂代替传统组分中的-OH含量,降低体系中较慢的-OH与-NCO固化反应,后期再通过紫外光辐照进一步增强固化,提升涂层性能,最终实现在烘烤温度60℃,时间20min;紫外光能量(80mw/cm2),紫外固化时间10min条件下,涂层性能即能够达到稳定,明显降低了涂层固化所需时间。
本发明的目的可以通过以下技术方案来实现:一种高性能水性双组分UV双固化的快干型罩光清漆涂料,包括A组分和B组分:
A组分包括以下重量份组分:水性紫外光固化聚氨酯丙烯酸酯乳液30-40份,水性羟基丙烯酸分散体30-40份,水分散型超支化聚酯5-10份,润湿剂0.2-1份,流平剂0.2-1份,消泡剂0.2-1份,流变控制剂0.2-1份,助溶剂5-10份,水8-15份;
B组分包括以下重量份组分:异氰酸酯树脂60-75份,助溶剂5-20份,光引发剂1-5份;
A组分和B组分的配比按-NCO:-OH的摩尔比为1.1:1至1.3:1。
进一步地,所述水性紫外光固化聚氨酯丙烯酸酯乳液通过以下方法制得:
(1)乙烯基苯磺酸催化季戊四醇和丙烯酸酯化,生成季戊四醇丙烯酸酯;
(2)季戊四醇丙烯酸酯与异氰酸酯反应,制备出聚氨酯丙烯酸酯,碱化后高速乳化,即得。
进一步地,步骤(1)中季戊四醇、丙烯酸的摩尔比为:1:3~5,优选摩尔比是1:3.2,催化剂乙烯基苯磺酸用量为季戊四醇和丙烯酸总质量的1%,溶剂体系选用二甲苯,反应温度为110℃-130℃,反应至体系无水分带出。
进一步地,步骤(2)中季戊四醇丙烯酸酯与异氰酸酯的用量为-OH:-NCO的摩尔比为1~2:1,优选1.05:1;反应温度为40~60℃,用红外法跟踪至-NCO基团完全反应,反应结束后滴加2%质量浓度的氢氧化钠溶液至体系pH在8-10范围后,用高速乳化机在8000~12000r/min下高速乳化5~15min制得。
进一步地,所述的水性羟基丙烯酸分散体为科思创聚合物Bayhydrol 2470,Bayhydrol 2646,Bayhydrol 2469,Bayhydrol 2695,其中一种或多种的组合。
进一步地,所述的水分散型超支化聚酯为瑞典Perstorp公司BoltornH20,BoltornH30,其中一种或多种的组合。所述水分散型超支化聚酯,是以乙氧基季戊四醇为核,2,2-二羟甲基为支化单元,采用发散法合成得到,并通过引入亲水性官能团取代超支化外围的部分羟基,使其具备水分散性。
进一步地,所述的润湿剂为SN-4727,SN-4741,SN-4763,或SN-3740,
流平剂为SN-3781,或SN4034,消泡剂为SN-5780,或SN-6725,流变控制剂为SN-T9709,助剂均为上海深竹化工科技有限公司产品,其中一种或多种的组合。
进一步地,所述的助溶剂为:异丙醇,丙二醇甲醚,丙二醇甲醚醋酸酯,二丙二醇二甲醚,丙二醇二乙酸酯,混合二元酸酯(cas号:111-55-7)中一种或多种组合。
进一步地,所述的异氰酸酯树脂为磺酸盐改性的异氰酸酯类和溶剂型的异氰酸酯质量比1:1组合,以此提高涂层的耐液体介质性。
其中磺酸盐改性的异氰酸酯类为科思创Bayhydur 304,Bayhydur 2655,Bayhydur304中一种或多种组合;
进一步地,所述的光引发剂为环保绿色的无机引发剂,具体为易分散的纳米氧化锌,平均粒径5nm-30nm。
一种高性能水性双组分UV双固化的快干型罩光清漆涂料的应用,使用时,将A组分和B组分混合,在1h内喷涂制膜,湿膜置于室温流平5min后,置于60℃烘箱干燥20min,而后用紫外光固化10min,紫外光能量80mw/cm2。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果在于:
(1)本发明涂料VOCs<200g/L,所用的助溶剂也均为环保型有机溶剂。
(2)本发明体系涂料降低了A组分中的-OH含量,能够减少异氰酸酯固化剂用量,能有一定降本作用。
(3)本发明涂料采用的水性紫外光固化聚氨酯丙烯酸酯乳液为自制产品,是由季戊四醇和丙烯酸酯化生成季戊四醇丙烯酸酯,后与异氰酸酯反应,制备出聚氨酯丙烯酸酯,碱化后高速乳化,最后制成聚氨酯丙烯酸酯水性乳液。该乳液保留了丙烯酸单体的不饱和键,在光引发下能进一步发生光固化,提升涂膜性能。
(4)传统涂膜由-OH与-NCO反应固化,反应时间长,本体系将部分固化替代为光固化,相对比传统在同等性能条件下,降低了-OH与-NCO固化所需温度、时间,是一种快干涂料,在烘烤温度60℃,时间20min;紫外光能量(80mw/cm2),紫外固化时间10min条件下,涂层性能即能够达到稳定。
(5)本发明涂料在采用异氰酸酯和光固化双重方式固化基础上,还通过复合超支化树脂进一步降低粘度,增强抗提升施工性能,并对涂层的机械性能、耐液体介质性、耐候性、耐擦伤性均有一定促进作用。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例对本发明实施例中的目的、技术方案及优点进行进一步详细说明。应当理解,此处所描述的具体实施例仅是本发明的一部分实施例,并不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1-3及对比例
实施例1~3及对比例制备的罩光清漆的组分及配方如下表1所示:
上述自制光固化乳液通过以下方法制得:
步骤1:在装有搅拌器、温度计、分水器(接球形冷凝管)的500mL三口瓶中依次加200mL二甲苯,34g(0.2mol)季戊四醇,57.5g(0.8mol)丙烯酸,0.92g(1%)乙烯基苯磺酸,充分混合后升温至115~120℃,反应至分水器中无水分带出,分出水14.1g。冷却至室温,减压抽滤,滤液减压蒸馏除去二甲苯.得到无色黏稠液体73.5g,收率为94%。此酸醇比条件下的季戊四醇三丙烯酯的质量分数为48.3%用以合成聚氨酯丙烯酸酯。
步骤2:在38g异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI),滴加73.5g季戊四醇丙烯酸酯混合物,滴加结束后,缓慢升温至55℃,用红外跟踪反应进程至-NCO吸收峰消失。在快速搅拌下滴加100gNaOH溶液
(2%),中和体系中的酸,pH为8.3,后转移至高速乳化机在10000r/min下高速乳化10min制得,得到聚氨酯丙烯酸酯乳液208g,固含量52%,收率97%。
A/B两组分的配比按-NCO:-OH=1.2:1(摩尔比)进行,混合后,在1h内喷涂制膜,湿膜置于室温流平5min后,置于60℃烘箱干燥20min,而后用紫外光固化10min,紫外光能量(80mw/cm2)之后进行性能测试。其中对照例从指触干及硬度的2种方法可以判断此条件下涂层并未固化,故在考察对照例性能时,对照例固化条件选择60℃固化3天。
测试例:
经过以上性能测试,可以判定,本发明提供的水性双组分UV双固化的罩光清漆,在短时间(30min,包括60℃下缩水烘烤20min和紫外辐照10min)固化下,性能便可以达到和完全固化的双组分聚氨酯相同的性能,甚至在耐化学介质性,及涂层硬度上,双重固化清漆具有明显的优势,同时证明该配方具备低烘烤温度,快干的优势。
对比例2
一种高性能水性双组分UV双固化的快干型罩光清漆涂料,包括A组分和B组分:
A组分包括以下重量份组分:水性紫外光固化聚氨酯丙烯酸酯乳液70份,BoltornH20水分散型超支化聚酯5份,润湿剂0.2份,流平剂0.2份,消泡剂0.2份,流变控制剂0.2份,助溶剂二丙二醇二甲醚10份,水15份;
A组分和B组分的配比按-NCO:-OH的摩尔比为1.2:1。
制备方法参照实施例1-3进行,涂层附着力3级(差),且存在明显的裂纹、起泡等表面缺陷,涂层性能未达标,应用价值低。
实施例4
一种高性能水性双组分UV双固化的快干型罩光清漆涂料,包括A组分和B组分:
A组分包括以下重量份组分:水性紫外光固化聚氨酯丙烯酸酯乳液30份,Bayhydrol 2646水性羟基丙烯酸分散体40份,BoltornH20水分散型超支化聚酯5份,润湿剂0.2份,流平剂0.2份,消泡剂0.2份,流变控制剂0.2份,助溶剂二丙二醇二甲醚10份,水15份;
A组分和B组分的配比按-NCO:-OH的摩尔比为1.2:1。
其余同实施例1。
实施例5
一种高性能水性双组分UV双固化的快干型罩光清漆涂料,包括A组分和B组分:
A组分包括以下重量份组分:水性紫外光固化聚氨酯丙烯酸酯乳液40份,Bayhydrol 2469水性羟基丙烯酸分散体30份,BoltornH30水分散型超支化聚酯10份,润湿剂1份,流平剂1份,消泡剂1份,流变控制剂1份,助溶剂丙二醇二乙酸酯5份,水8份;
A组分和B组分的配比按-NCO:-OH的摩尔比为1.2:1。
其余同实施例1。
以上所述,仅为本发明中较佳的具体实施案例,但本发明的保护范围并不局限在此。任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内,按照本发明的技术方案及其发明构思加以等同替换或者改变,都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (10)
1.一种高性能水性双组分UV双固化的快干型罩光清漆涂料,其特征在于,包括A组分和B组分:
A组分包括以下重量份组分:水性紫外光固化聚氨酯丙烯酸酯乳液30-40份,水性羟基丙烯酸分散体30-40份,水分散型超支化聚酯5-10份,润湿剂0.2-1份,流平剂0.2-1份,消泡剂0.2-1份,流变控制剂0.2-1份,助溶剂5-10份,水8-15份;
B组分包括以下重量份组分:异氰酸酯树脂60-75份,助溶剂5-20份,光引发剂1-5份;
B组分和A组分的配比按-NCO:-OH的摩尔比为1.1:1至1.3:1。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种高性能水性双组分UV双固化的快干型罩光清漆涂料,其特征在于,所述水性紫外光固化聚氨酯丙烯酸酯乳液通过以下方法制得:
(1)乙烯基苯磺酸催化季戊四醇和丙烯酸酯化,生成季戊四醇丙烯酸酯;
(2)季戊四醇丙烯酸酯与异氰酸酯反应,制备出聚氨酯丙烯酸酯,碱化后高速乳化,即得。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种高性能水性双组分UV双固化的快干型罩光清漆涂料,其特征在于,步骤(1)中季戊四醇、丙烯酸摩尔比为:1:3~4,催化剂乙烯基苯磺酸用量为季戊四醇和丙烯酸总质量的1%,溶剂体系选用二甲苯,反应温度为110℃-130℃,反应至体系无水分带出;
步骤(2)中季戊四醇丙烯酸酯与异氰酸酯的用量为-OH:-NCO的摩尔比为1~2:1;反应温度为40~60℃,用红外法跟踪至-NCO基团完全反应,反应结束后滴加2%质量浓度的氢氧化钠溶液至体系pH在8-10范围后,用高速乳化机在8000~12000r/min下高速乳化5~15min制得。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种高性能水性双组分UV双固化的快干型罩光清漆涂料,其特征在于,所述的水性羟基丙烯酸分散体为科思创聚合物Bayhydrol 2470,Bayhydrol2646,Bayhydrol 2469,Bayhydrol 2695,其中一种或多种的组合。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种高性能水性双组分UV双固化的快干型罩光清漆涂料,其特征在于,所述的水分散型超支化聚酯为瑞典Perstorp公司BoltornH20,BoltornH30,其中一种或多种的组合。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种高性能水性双组分UV双固化的快干型罩光清漆涂料,其特征在于,所述的润湿剂为SN-4727,SN-4741,SN-4763,或SN-3740流平剂为SN-3781,或SN4034,消泡剂为SN-5780,或SN-6725,流变控制剂为SN-T9709。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种高性能水性双组分UV双固化的快干型罩光清漆涂料,其特征在于,所述的助溶剂为:异丙醇,丙二醇甲醚,丙二醇甲醚醋酸酯,二丙二醇二甲醚,丙二醇二乙酸酯,混合二元酸酯中一种或多种组合。
9.根据权利要求1所述的一种高性能水性双组分UV双固化的快干型罩光清漆涂料,其特征在于,所述的光引发剂为纳米氧化锌,平均粒径5nm-30nm。
10.一种如权利要求1所述的高性能水性双组分UV双固化的快干型罩光清漆涂料的应用,其特征在于,使用时,将A组分和B组分混合,在1h内喷涂制膜,湿膜置于室温流平5min后,置于60℃烘箱干燥20min,而后用紫外光固化10min,紫外光能量80mw/cm2。
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