CN114852253B - Multipurpose cargo tank pipeline system and control method thereof - Google Patents
Multipurpose cargo tank pipeline system and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114852253B CN114852253B CN202210656202.6A CN202210656202A CN114852253B CN 114852253 B CN114852253 B CN 114852253B CN 202210656202 A CN202210656202 A CN 202210656202A CN 114852253 B CN114852253 B CN 114852253B
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- cargo tank
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- bilge
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 116
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 99
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 96
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 124
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 57
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 29
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000006200 vaporizer Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 8
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 5
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000069 nitrogen hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008094 contradictory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008520 organization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur monoxide Chemical class S=O XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052815 sulfur oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B17/00—Vessels parts, details, or accessories, not otherwise provided for
- B63B17/0027—Tanks for fuel or the like ; Accessories therefor, e.g. tank filler caps
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63J—AUXILIARIES ON VESSELS
- B63J2/00—Arrangements of ventilation, heating, cooling, or air-conditioning
- B63J2/12—Heating; Cooling
- B63J2/14—Heating; Cooling of liquid-freight-carrying tanks
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/30—Use of alternative fuels, e.g. biofuels
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a multipurpose cargo tank pipeline system and a control method thereof, wherein the multipurpose cargo tank pipeline system comprises a cargo tank arranged at the lower end, a blowing air source, a ventilation mast and an annular four-way connecting pipe which are arranged at the upper end; the device also comprises a connecting pipeline, a valve arranged on the connecting pipeline, a bilge nozzle assembly arranged at one end of the connecting pipeline and positioned at the bottom of the liquid cargo tank, and a bilge nozzle assembly positioned at the top of the liquid cargo tank; if the molecular weight of the inert gas is smaller than that of air, the inert gas starts from a blowing-out gas source, reaches the top of the cargo tank and enters the cargo tank; the discharged air starts from the bilge nozzle component and is discharged from the ventilation mast through the connecting pipeline and the annular four-way connecting pipe; if the molecular weight of the inert gas is larger than that of air, the inert gas starts from a blowing-out air source and enters the cargo tank from the bilge nozzle assembly; and the discharged air is discharged from the top of the cargo tank to a connecting pipeline, and a ring-shaped four-way connecting pipe to the ventilating mast.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ship clean fuel supply, in particular to a multipurpose cargo tank pipeline system and a control method thereof.
Background
With the further emission reduction requirements of the international maritime organization related regulations on nitrogen oxides, sulfur oxides and carbon emissions, the main engine of large ships is changed from traditional diesel oil and heavy oil to use various clean energy sources as fuel, and the main energy sources currently used and developed are LNG, LPG, LNH and the like, which have the common characteristic of being gaseous at normal temperature and normal pressure. In order to facilitate the storage of more fuel in the limited space on board the vessel, it is necessary to subject them to a pressurizing and cryogenic treatment in the gaseous state in order to bring them into a phase change into the liquid state and to store them in a tank dedicated to the vessel. These liquid fuels undergo phase-change evaporation in the tank as pressure and temperature change, and these vapors are abbreviated as BOG. The cargo tank and its piping system are now designed to store and control only a single type of energy fuel and to be inerted using only a single purge gas source, i.e., either nitrogen or inert gas. Nitrogen can be produced using a nitrogen generator, and the inert gas is typically a direct utilization host or generator flue gas, the main components of which are nitrogen, CO2, and other trace gases. For ideal gases, the specific gravity of a substance is proportional to the molecular weight at the same temperature and pressure. N2nitrogen=28, air=28.96, ch4 methane gas=16, nh3 ammonia gas=17, co2carbon dioxide=44, inert gas=29.96, c3h8propane=44.1.
In the prior art, the molecular mass of different fuels and inert gases is limited, and the mode of connecting pipelines is very fixed only for single fuel and inert gases, so that different gas sources or different fuels cannot be fully utilized, and the application is limited.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to overcoming at least one of the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art and providing a multi-purpose cargo tank circuitThe system is used for the volume of less than or equal to 1500m 3 And the liquid cargo tank with the working pressure not less than 4barg, so that different inert gas sources can be fully utilized and different fuels can be stored, and the application range is wider.
Specifically, the multipurpose cargo tank pipeline system comprises a cargo tank arranged at the lower end, a blowing air source arranged at the upper end, a ventilation mast and an annular four-way connecting pipe; the multipurpose liquid cargo tank pipeline system further comprises a connecting pipeline, a valve arranged on the connecting pipeline, a bilge nozzle assembly arranged at one end of the connecting pipeline and positioned at the bottom of the liquid cargo tank, and a bilge nozzle assembly positioned at the top of the liquid cargo tank; if the molecular weight of the inert gas is smaller than that of air, the inert gas starts from a blowing-out gas source, reaches the top of the cargo tank and enters the cargo tank; the discharged air starts from the bilge nozzle component and is discharged from the ventilation mast through the connecting pipeline and the annular four-way connecting pipe; the process of air replacement inert gas is as follows: natural air starts from a blowing-out air source (102), is blown to a bilge nozzle assembly (401) through a connecting pipeline and a ring-shaped four-way connecting pipe (2), and the replaced inert gas is sequentially discharged to a ventilation mast (103) through the connecting pipeline and the ring-shaped four-way connecting pipe (2) to the ventilation mast (103). If the molecular weight of the inert gas is larger than that of air, the inert gas starts from a blowing-out air source and enters the cargo tank from the bilge nozzle assembly; the discharged air is discharged from the top of the cargo tank to a connecting pipeline, a ring-shaped four-way connecting pipe to a ventilation mast; the process of air replacement inert gas is as follows: the natural air source starts from a blowing-out air source (102), blows to the cargo tank (1) through a connecting pipeline and a ring-shaped four-way connecting pipe (2), and the replaced inert gas is discharged to the ventilation mast (103) through a bilge nozzle assembly (401), the connecting pipeline and the ring-shaped four-way connecting pipe (2).
The connecting pipelines are distributed on the whole multi-purpose cargo tank pipeline system, a plurality of one-way valves, safety valves, control valves and the like are distributed on the connecting pipelines, and the connecting pipelines can be designed according to the requirements of the motor, so that the connecting pipelines can be distributed as long as the functions can be realized.
The pipeline system has a piston effect when blowing and replacing different gas sources, and can be used for ideal gas, the gas with high specific gravity is deposited on the bilge and the gas with low specific gravity floats to the bilge area according to the data of a gas molecular scale under the same temperature and the same pressure. The gas with high specific gravity replaces the gas with low specific gravity, and enters from the bottom of the cabin, and the gas with low specific gravity is blown out from the top of the cabin, so that a piston effect pushing upwards is formed. The gas with low specific gravity replaces the gas with high specific gravity, and then enters from the cabin top, and the gas with high specific gravity is blown out from the cabin bottom, so that a piston effect pushing downwards is formed.
Further, the device also comprises a fuel vapor source and an injection port which are arranged at the upper end of the multi-purpose cargo tank pipeline system; if the molecular weight of the fuel is smaller than that of the inert gas, the process of replacing the inert gas by fuel vapor is as follows: fuel vapor is connected to the upper end of the cargo tank through a connecting pipeline and enters the cargo tank; inert gas in the liquid cargo tank is discharged from the bilge nozzle assembly through a connecting pipeline and an annular four-way connecting pipe to the ventilation mast; the process of inert gas displacement fuel vapor is as follows: purging inert gas from a purging gas source (102) through a connecting pipeline to a bilge nozzle assembly (401); the replaced fuel vapor is discharged from the connecting pipeline and the annular four-way connecting pipe (2) to the ventilation mast (103). If the molecular weight of the fuel is larger than that of the inert gas, the process of replacing the inert gas by fuel vapor is as follows: the fuel vapor is discharged to the cargo tank from the injection port through a connecting pipeline to the bilge nozzle assembly; inert gas in the liquid cargo tank is discharged from the top of the liquid cargo tank and is discharged from the ventilating mast through a connecting pipeline and an annular four-way connecting pipe; the process of inert gas displacement fuel vapor is as follows: inert gas starts from a blowing-off gas source (102) and enters the cargo tank (1) for cleaning through a connecting pipeline.
Further, the device also comprises a vaporizer (108) arranged at one side of the multi-purpose cargo tank pipeline system; the two ends of the vaporizer (108) are respectively connected with the connecting pipelines, and are used for enabling the vaporized fuel to enter the liquid cargo tank (1) to increase the tank pressure so as to transfer the liquid fuel below the liquid cargo tank (1) to the host supply pipeline (107) for external hosts.
Further, the upper end of the cargo tank is provided with a plurality of concentration monitors and sensors; the concentration monitor comprises a high-level detector and a low-level detector; the sensor comprises a liquid level sensor, a temperature sensor and a first pressure sensor; the annular four-way connecting pipe comprises a first pipe orifice, a second pipe orifice, a third pipe orifice and a fourth pipe orifice; the first pipe orifice, the second pipe orifice, the third pipe orifice and the fourth pipe orifice comprise a detachable bent pipe fitting and a detachable straight pipe fitting which are detachably connected; the device is used for realizing the communication among any two groups of pipe fittings among the first pipe orifice, the second pipe orifice, the third pipe orifice and the fourth pipe orifice.
The invention also provides a control method of the multi-purpose cargo tank pipeline system, which comprises the following steps:
s1: air displacement in the cargo tank: replacing air in the cargo tank with an inert gas until the oxygen concentration of the cargo tank is below 1.8%;
S2: inert gas displacement of the cargo tank: displacing inert gas in the cargo tank with fuel vapor until the fuel concentration in the cargo tank is above 97.5%;
s3: filling liquid fuel into the cargo tank;
s4: gasifying the liquid fuel in the step S3, and generating pressure by gasifying gas through a carburetor to push the liquid fuel in the cabin to be externally delivered to a host machine for use;
s5: the fuel is refueled from the cargo tank until the liquid level in the cargo tank is detected to be lower than 2% of the hold capacity, and the pressure difference between the inner and outer receiving devices of the cargo tank is lower than 0.5bar;
s6: displacing fuel vapor in the cargo tank with an inert gas until a fuel concentration in the cargo tank below 18% lel is detected;
s7: using inert gas in the air replacement cabin until the oxygen concentration in the liquid cargo cabin is detected to be more than or equal to 20%, the carbon monoxide concentration is less than 30PPM, the carbon dioxide concentration is less than 0.5%, and the fuel gas content is less than or equal to 0.2%;
s8: and repeating the steps S1 to S7 after the next operation.
Further, in the step S1, the inert gas is nitrogen with a molecular weight smaller than that of air or inert gas with a molecular weight larger than that of air; the method for replacing air by nitrogen comprises the following steps: nitrogen starts from a blowing-off air source and enters the cargo tank from the top of the cargo tank; the discharged air starts from the bilge nozzle component and is discharged from the ventilation mast through the connecting pipeline and the annular four-way connecting pipe; until the low-level detector detects that the bilge oxygen concentration is lower than 1.8%, the replacement is finished; the method for replacing air by inert gas comprises the following steps: the inert gas starts from a blowing-out gas source and enters the cargo tank from the bilge nozzle assembly; the discharged air is discharged from the top of the cargo tank to a connecting pipeline, a ring-shaped four-way connecting pipe to a ventilation mast; and (3) until the high-level detector detects that the oxygen concentration at the cabin top is lower than 1.8%, completing replacement.
Further, in the step S2, the fuel vapor is LPG with a molecular weight greater than that of the inert gas, or NH3 or CH4 with a molecular weight less than that of the inert gas; the method for replacing inert gas by NH3 or CH4 comprises the following steps: fuel vapor is connected to the upper end of the cargo tank through a connecting pipeline and enters the cargo tank; the inert gas in the liquid cargo tank starts from the bilge nozzle assembly and is discharged from the bilge nozzle assembly to the ventilation mast through the connecting pipeline and the annular four-way connecting pipe until the high-level detector detects that the fuel concentration in the liquid cargo tank is higher than 97.5%, and the replacement is finished; the method for replacing inert gas by LPG comprises the following steps: the fuel vapor is discharged to the cargo tank from the injection port through a connecting pipeline to the bilge nozzle assembly; and (3) discharging inert gas in the liquid cargo tank from the top of the liquid cargo tank, and discharging the inert gas to the ventilating mast through a connecting pipeline and an annular four-way connecting pipe until the low-level detector detects that the gas concentration in the liquid cargo tank is higher than 97.5%, and completing replacement.
Further, the method for filling the liquid fuel into the cargo tank in the step S3 is as follows: fuel is injected into the cargo tank through an injection port, a connecting pipeline and a bilge nozzle assembly; until the liquid level sensor detects that the liquid level of the liquid cargo tank reaches 92% -97.5% of the tank height; the step S3 further comprises the step of balancing the pressure; a seventh control valve (807) is arranged on a connecting pipeline between the fuel vapor source and the cargo tank (1), and a safety valve (811) is arranged on a connecting pipeline between the cargo tank (1) and the ventilation mast (103); the pressure balancing method comprises the following steps: a1: when the cabin pressure is too high, the opening of the seventh control valve (807) is increased, and the discharge of fuel vapor to the evaporation gas source (104) is accelerated; a2: if the cabin pressure cannot be avoided from rising in the step A1, a safety valve (811) is opened to perform auxiliary pressure relief;
The step of gasifying the liquid fuel in the step S3 in the step S4 includes: b1: the liquid fuel starts from the liquid cargo tank and is changed into gas fuel through a connecting pipeline to the vaporizer; b2: the gas fuel returns to the liquid cargo tank through the connecting pipeline to form pressurization; b3: the liquid fuel in the liquid cargo tank is transmitted to a main engine supplying pipeline through a fifth pipeline (205) under the pressurized environment and is supplied to an external main engine for use; the supply main pipeline is provided with a second pressure sensor, and is also provided with another ninth pipeline (209) communicated with the bilge nozzle assembly; and if the second pressure sensor detects that the pressure in the main supply pipeline exceeds the set pressure, the pressure relief is realized by adjusting the opening and closing degree of a fifth control valve (805) on a ninth pipeline (209).
Further, the step of the fuel refuel cargo tank in the step S5 is as follows: c1: the liquid fuel is changed into gas fuel through a vaporizer through a connecting pipeline communicated with the bottom of the liquid cargo tank; c2: the gas fuel in the step C1 returns to the liquid cargo tank through a third pipeline (203) to form pressurization; and C3: the liquid fuel and the fuel vapor are connected with a second pipeline (202) at the bottom of the liquid cargo tank and are led out of an external receiving device through an injection port until the liquid fuel in the liquid cargo tank is detected to be lower than 2% of the tank capacity by the liquid level meter, and the pressure difference between the liquid cargo tank and the receiving device outside the ship is detected to be lower than 0.5bar by the first pressure sensor.
Further, in the step S6, the step of replacing the fuel vapor in the cargo tank (1) with the inert gas includes: when the fuel vapor is LPG vapor, inert gas is discharged to the top of the cargo tank (1) from a blowing-off gas source (102); the LPG vapor is discharged by a bilge nozzle assembly (401) and finally discharged to a ventilation mast (103); until the low-level detector (200) detects that the bilge gas concentration is qualified, finishing replacement; when the fuel vapor is NH 3 Or CH (CH) 4 The inert gas is discharged to the cargo tank (1) by the bilge nozzle assembly (401) from the blowing gas source (102); the NH is 3 Or CH (CH) 4 Is arranged from the top of the cargo tank (1)Discharging to the ventilation mast (103) finally until the high-level detector (100) detects that the concentration of the cabin top gas is qualified, and finishing replacement;
in the step S7, the step of using the air to replace the inert gas in the cabin is: if the nitrogen is replaced, the air is discharged from the blowing-out air source (102) to the cargo tank (1) by the bilge nozzle assembly (401); the nitrogen is discharged to the ventilation mast (103) through the top of the liquid cargo tank (1) until the high-level detector (100) detects that the concentration of the gas at the top of the tank is qualified, and the replacement is finished; if the inert gas is replaced, the air starts from a blowing-out air source (102) and is discharged from the top of the cargo tank (1) to the cargo tank (1); the replaced inert gas starts from the bilge nozzle component (401) and is finally discharged to the ventilation mast (103) until the low-level detector (200) detects that the bilge gas concentration is qualified, and the replacement is finished.
Further, when the gas with high specific gravity replaces the gas with low specific gravity during the blowing replacement, the replaced gas enters from the second pipeline (202) and the bilge nozzle assembly (401), and the replaced gas is blown out from the top of the liquid cargo tank (1) to form an upward pushing piston effect; when the gas with small specific gravity replaces the gas with large specific gravity, the replaced gas enters from the top of the liquid cargo tank (1), and the replaced gas is blown out from a bilge nozzle assembly (401) of the second pipeline (202) to form a downward pushing piston effect; the number of the bilge nozzle assemblies (402) is 4-20, the number of the bilge nozzle assemblies (401) is 5-15, the bilge nozzle assemblies (401) and the bilge nozzle assemblies (402) are in a horn mouth form, and the horn mouth angle is 60-90 degrees, so that medium can be conveniently fed in and fed out.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention realizes the monitoring and the whole flow control method of the multipurpose fuel cabin by a simple pipeline system, has at least 4 detachable connectors by designing the annular four-way connecting pipe, can conveniently carry out various combined connection to realize various functions, is convenient to operate, and is suitable for LNG, LPG, LNH various fuels.
Meanwhile, according to the self conditions and the use cost, the invention can carry out blowing-off replacement operation by using two gases of nitrogen or inert gas, the design is more flexible, and the application cost can be saved to a certain extent.
The invention can also design a spray cooling function, if the sensor detects that the temperature or the pressure in the cabin rises beyond the set working range, external low-temperature fuel can be utilized to enter through the injection port and the cabin top nozzle assembly for spray cooling, the operation safety is improved, and the parts are fully utilized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall layout of the multi-purpose cargo tank piping system of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of the communication between a detachable elbow and a detachable straight pipe according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a control method of the multi-purpose cargo tank piping system of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the upward piston effect of the multi-purpose cargo tank piping system of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating the downward piston effect of the multi-purpose cargo tank piping system of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The drawings in the embodiments are used for describing the technical scheme in the embodiments of the invention in more detail. In the drawings, the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the invention. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are illustrative and intended to explain the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention. Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
It should be noted that, if directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, and rear … …) are included in the embodiments of the present application, the directional indications are merely used to explain the relative positional relationship, movement conditions, etc. between the components in a specific posture (as shown in the drawings), and if the specific posture is changed, the directional indications are correspondingly changed.
In addition, if there is a description of "first", "second", etc. in the embodiments of the present application, the description of "first", "second", etc. is for descriptive purposes only and is not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In addition, the technical solutions of the embodiments may be combined with each other, but it is necessary to base that the technical solutions can be realized by those skilled in the art, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be realized, the combination of the technical solutions should be considered to be absent and not within the scope of protection claimed in the present application.
Example 1
A multipurpose cargo tank pipeline system is used for a volume less than or equal to 1500m 3 And a cargo tank (1) with working pressure not less than 4barg, as shown in FIG. 1, comprising a cargo tank 1 arranged at the lower end, a blowing air source 102, an air permeable mast 103 and an annular four-way connecting pipe 2 arranged at the upper end; the multipurpose cargo tank 1 pipeline system further comprises a connecting pipeline, a valve arranged on the connecting pipeline, a bilge nozzle assembly 401 arranged at one end of the connecting pipeline and positioned at the bottom of the cargo tank 1, and a bilge nozzle assembly 402 positioned at the top of the cargo tank 1;
the molecular weight of the inert gas is smaller than that of air, namely when the inert gas is nitrogen, the inert gas starts from a blowing-out gas source 102 to the top of the cargo tank 1 and enters the cargo tank 1; the discharged air starts from the bilge nozzle assembly 401 and is discharged from the ventilation mast 103 through the connecting pipeline and the annular four-way connecting pipe 2; if the molecular weight of the inert gas is greater than that of air, the inert gas starts from the blowing-out gas source 102 and enters the cargo tank 1 from the bilge nozzle assembly 401; the discharged air is discharged from the top of the cargo tank 1 to a connecting pipeline and a ring-shaped four-way connecting pipe 2 to the ventilation mast 103.
The multipurpose cargo tank 1 pipeline system of the invention also comprises a fuel vapor source and an injection port 101 which are arranged at the upper end of the multipurpose cargo tank 1 pipeline system; if the molecular weight of the fuel is smaller than that of the inert gas, the fuel vapor is introduced into the cargo tank 1 through the connecting line to the upper end of the cargo tank 1; inert gas in the cargo tank 1 is discharged from the bilge nozzle assembly 401 through a connecting pipeline and the annular four-way connecting pipe 2 to the ventilation mast 103; if the molecular weight of the fuel is larger than that of the inert gas, fuel vapor is discharged from the injection port 101 to the liquid cargo tank 1 through the connecting pipeline to the bilge nozzle assembly 401; inert gas in the cargo tank 1 is discharged from the top of the cargo tank 1 and is discharged from the cargo tank through a connecting pipeline and a ring-shaped four-way connecting pipe 2 to a ventilation mast 103.
The multipurpose cargo tank 1 pipeline system of the present invention further includes a vaporizer 108 provided at one side of the multipurpose cargo tank 1 pipeline system; the two ends of the vaporizer 108 are respectively connected to the connecting lines for vaporizing fuel for supplying to a host.
Preferably, the upper end of the cargo tank 1 is provided with a plurality of concentration monitors and sensors; the concentration monitor comprises a high-level detector 100 and a low-level detector 200; the sensor includes a liquid level sensor 300, a temperature sensor 400, and a first pressure sensor 500; the annular four-way connecting pipe 2 comprises a first pipe orifice 10, a second pipe orifice 20, a third pipe orifice 30 and a fourth pipe orifice 40; the first pipe orifice 10, the second pipe orifice 20, the third pipe orifice 30 and the fourth pipe orifice 40 comprise a detachable pipe disassembly piece 301 and a detachable pipe disassembly piece 302 which are detachably connected; for enabling communication between any two sets of tubes between the first 10, second 20, third 30 and fourth 40 nozzles.
In particular to a multipurpose liquid cargo tank 1 pipeline system which is suitable for a volume less than or equal to 1500m 3 And the cargo tank 1 with the working pressure not less than 4barg, the connecting pipelines comprise a first pipeline 201, a second pipeline 202, a third pipeline 203, a fourth pipeline 204, a fifth pipeline 205, a sixth pipeline 206, a seventh pipeline 207, an eighth pipeline 208, a ninth pipeline 209, a tenth pipeline 210 and an eleventh pipeline 211; and injection port 101, blow-off gas source 102, ventilation mast 103, evaporation gas source 104, cargo tank 1, control panel 106, supply host line 107, vaporizer 108, bilge nozzle assembly 401, bilge nozzle assembly 402, high level detector 100, low level detector 200, A liquid level sensor 300, a temperature sensor 400, a first pressure sensor 500, a second pressure sensor 600, a hatch 700, a first control valve 801, a second control valve 802, a third control valve 803, a fourth control valve 804, a fifth control valve 805, a sixth control valve 806, a seventh control valve 807, an eighth control valve 808, a ninth control valve 809, a check valve 810, a relief valve 811; and an annular four-way connecting pipe 2.
The first pipeline 201, the second pipeline 202, the third pipeline 203, the fifth pipeline 205 and the sixth pipeline 206 are arranged at the top of the cargo tank 1, a medium can enter and exit the cargo tank 1 through the pipelines, the cargo tank 1 is provided with the high-level detector 100, the low-level detector 200, the liquid level sensor 300, the temperature sensor 400, the first pressure sensor 500 and the second pressure sensor 600, the detection and monitoring of the concentration, the liquid level, the temperature, the pressure and the like of gas in the cargo tank 1 are performed, the hatch cover 700 is arranged at the top of the cargo tank 1, the safety valve 811 is arranged at the top of the cargo tank 1, and the medium is started when exceeding a set value, and is released to the ventilation mast 103 through the fifth pipeline 205 and the fourth pipeline 204. The pipeline system and the cargo tank 1 can store and control various liquid fuels such as LNG, LPG, LNH and the like, monitor the high-level detector 100, the low-level detector 200, the liquid level sensor 300, the temperature sensor 400 and the pressure sensor through the control panel 106, realize the control operation corresponding to the first control valve 801 to the ninth control valve 809, and form a set of pipeline system for remote automatic monitoring and operation.
The liquid cargo tank 1 is internally provided with a high-level detector 100 and a low-level detector 200, the probe sampling height installation position of the low-level detector 200 is 0% -6% of the tank height, and the probe sampling height installation position of the high-level detector 100 is 94% -100% of the tank height.
Having a liquid fuel vaporization line and an external supply host line 107, comprising mainly the following parts: the supply main line 107, the carburetor 108, the first pressure sensor 500, the second pressure sensor 600, the first control valve 801, the fourth control valve 804, the fifth control valve 805, the check valve 810, and the like. The liquid fuel starts from the liquid cargo tank 1, is phase-changed and evaporated into gas fuel through the vaporizer 108 through the sixth pipeline 206 and the fourth control valve 804, is returned to the liquid cargo tank 1 through the eleventh pipeline 211 and the third pipeline 203 to form pressurization, and reaches the supply host pipeline 107 through the fifth pipeline 205 and the first control valve 801, and if the second pressure sensor 600 on the supply host pipeline 107 detects that the set pressure is exceeded, the opening of the fifth control valve 805 is changed, and the bilge nozzle assembly 401 returns to the liquid cargo tank 1 through the check valve 810, the ninth pipeline 209 and the second pipeline 202 to release pressure. The fifth control valve 805 is linked with the pressure on the pipeline, and the opening of the fifth control valve 805 is controlled by the pressure, the second pressure sensor 600 detects that the pressure exceeds the set value, i.e. the opening of the fifth control valve 805 is increased, and the second pressure sensor 600 detects that the pressure is smaller than the set value, i.e. the opening of the fifth control valve 805 is decreased, until the second pressure sensor 600 is in the set working interval. The first pressure sensor 500 detects the pressure in the cargo tank 1, and the opening of the fourth control valve 804 is controlled in a linkage manner, wherein the opening is in a proportional relationship with the vaporization speed of the fuel in the cargo tank 1 in the vaporizer 108, and the larger the opening is, the more the fuel passes through, the faster the vaporization speed is, the higher the pressure in the cargo tank 1 is, and the pressure in the cargo tank 1 is controlled by controlling the vaporization speed. The opening of the fourth control valve 804 is reduced when the pressure exceeds the set value, and the opening of the fourth control valve 804 is increased when the pressure is less than the set value until the first pressure sensor 500 is in the set working range. The first pressure sensor 500, the second pressure sensor 600, the first control valve 801, the fourth control valve 804 and the fifth control valve 805 are all connected to the control panel 106 for remote monitoring and control.
The tenth pipeline 210, the fourth pipeline 204, the seventh pipeline 207 and the eleventh pipeline 211 of the connecting pipeline correspond to the first pipe orifice 10, the second pipe orifice 20, the third pipe orifice 30 and the fourth pipe orifice 40 respectively, and are combined with each other through the detachable elbow pipe piece 301 and the detachable straight pipe piece 302 to realize the combined communication of any two pipe orifices, wherein the first pipe orifice 10, the second pipe orifice 20, the third pipe orifice 30 and the fourth pipe orifice 40 are distributed in an annular symmetrical mode, and two ends of the detachable elbow pipe piece 301 and two ends of the detachable straight pipe piece 302 are connected by using flanges, so that the detachable pipe is convenient to assemble and disassemble. The detachable elbow 301 is used for the first nozzle 10 and the third nozzle 30; a second nozzle 20 and a third nozzle 30; second orifice 20 and fourth orifice 40; the first pipe orifice 10 is connected with the fourth pipe orifice 40 in a 90-degree bend, the detachable straight pipe 302 is used for connecting the first pipe orifice 10 with the second pipe orifice 20 in a straight line, the third pipe orifice 30 is connected with the fourth pipe orifice 40 in a straight line, the four ports of the first pipe orifice 10, the second pipe orifice 20, the third pipe orifice 30 and the fourth pipe orifice 40 are sealed by blind flanges, and when the connection is needed, the blind flanges are detached, and the blind flanges are connected with the detachable bent pipe 301 or the flange ends of the detachable straight pipe 302 to form a medium circulation channel. The detachable bent pipe piece 301 and the detachable straight pipe piece 302 have flexibility and elasticity, and are convenient to center and seal when in flange connection.
The number of the cabin top nozzle assemblies 402 of the cargo tank 1 is 4-20, the number of the cabin bottom nozzle assemblies 401 at the bottom is 5-15, the nozzles are arranged on three-way branch pipes of the pipeline, the horn mouth is in a horn mouth form, and the horn mouth angle is 60-90 degrees, so that medium can conveniently enter and exit.
Wherein the inert gas is flue gas discharged when the main engine or the generator is directly used, and the main components of the inert gas are 85 percent of nitrogen and less than or equal to 14 percent of CO 2 、≤0.5％O 2 And other trace gases. The maximum dew point of nitrogen and inert gas at one atmosphere is-60 ℃.
The cargo tank 1 is provided with a hatch cover 700, the hatch cover 700 is arranged at the top of the cargo tank 1 and protrudes, the hatch cover 700 is connected with a third pipeline 203, and a gas medium can enter and exit the cargo tank 1 through the third pipeline 203.
Example 2
The invention aims at a cargo tank 1 with the volume less than or equal to 1500m < 3 >, the working pressure more than or equal to 4barg, and the control method is as follows in combination with figures 1-3:
s1: the tank 1 is filled with nitrogen or inert gas before the tank is replaced with air. For example, the third pipe orifice 30 and the fourth pipe orifice 40 are connected by the detachable straight pipe 302, the nitrogen source starts from the seventh pipe 207, enters the cargo tank 1 through the seventh control valve 807 and the third pipe 203 to purge, the replaced air is connected (by the detachable straight pipe 302) through the nozzle of the bilge nozzle assembly 401, the second pipe 202, the sixth control valve 806, the tenth pipe 210, the first pipe orifice 10 and the second pipe orifice 20, and is discharged to the ventilation mast 103 through the fourth pipe 204, and the completion signal is as follows: low level detector 200 detects a bilge oxygen concentration below 1.8%.
If the first pipe orifice 10 and the third pipe orifice 30 are connected by using the inert gas replacement, the detachable pipe bending piece 301 is installed, the inert gas blowing source 102 is connected from the seventh pipe orifice 207 through the first pipe orifice 10 and the third pipe orifice 30, the inert gas is blown through the tenth pipe orifice 210, the sixth control valve 806, the second pipe orifice 202 and the bilge nozzle assembly 401, the replaced air is sequentially connected through the hatch cover 700, the third pipe orifice 203, the seventh control valve 807, the second pipe orifice 20 and the fourth pipe orifice 40 (the detachable pipe bending piece 301 is installed), and the fourth pipe orifice 204 is discharged to the ventilation mast 103, and the completion signals are as follows: the overhead detector 100 detects that the overhead oxygen concentration is below 1.8%.
S2: BOG was used to displace nitrogen or inert gas. If the BOG is LPG BOG, the BOG enters the cargo tank 1 through the bilge nozzle assembly 401 from the eighth pipeline 208, the sixth control valve, the second pipeline 202, the nitrogen or inert gas is blown off by the third pipeline 203, the third pipeline is connected with the fourth pipeline 40 through the second pipe orifice 20 and the fourth pipe orifice 40, and is discharged to the ventilation mast 103 through the detachable pipe bending member 301, and the completion signal is: the high level detector 100 detects a fuel concentration of higher than 97.5%.
If BOG is NH 3 Or CH (CH) 4 The BOG is blown out from the evaporation gas source 104, the ninth pipeline 209, the eleventh pipeline 211, the third pipeline 203 into the cargo tank 1, the nitrogen or inert gas is blown out through the bilge nozzle assembly 401, the second pipeline 202, the third control valve 803, the sixth control valve 806 and the tenth pipeline 210, the BOG is connected with the second pipe orifice 20 through the first pipe orifice 10 (by installing the detachable straight pipe 302), and the fourth pipeline 204 is discharged to the ventilation mast 103, and the completion signal is: the low level detector 200 detects a gas concentration of higher than 97.5%.
S3: filling LPG/LNG/LNH 3 Liquid fuel. Fuel is injected into the cargo tank 1 through the injection port 101, the eighth control valve 808, the eighth pipeline 208, the sixth control valve 806, the third control valve 803, the second pipeline 202, the bilge nozzle assembly 401, in order to balance the pressure in the tank, the BOG in the tank is discharged from the third pipeline 203, the seventh control valve 807 through the eleventh pipeline 211 and the ninth pipeline 209 to the evaporation gas source 104 for recovery, and the completion signal is: the liquid level sensor 300 detects that the liquid level of the cargo tank 1 reaches 92% -97.5% of the tank height of the set high-level setting range. The first pressure sensor 500 keeps monitoring the cabin pressure and controls the opening of the seventh control valve 807 to be increased as required to accelerate the BOGAnd the air is discharged, so that the excessive pressure of the cabin is avoided. If the third line 203 is controlled and the eleventh line 211 cannot avoid the cabin pressure rise, the relief valve 811 is opened to release the pressure.
S4: the gasification gas generated by the vaporizer 108 pushes the fuel in the cabin to be externally delivered to the host for use, specifically: the liquid fuel starts from the liquid cargo tank 1, is phase-changed and evaporated into gas fuel through the vaporizer 108 through the sixth pipeline 206 and the fourth control valve 804, is returned to the liquid cargo tank 1 through the eleventh pipeline 211 and the third pipeline 203 to form pressurization, and reaches the supply host pipeline 107 through the fifth pipeline 205 and the first control valve 801, and if the second pressure sensor 600 on the supply host pipeline 107 detects that the set pressure is exceeded, the opening of the fifth control valve 805 is changed, and the liquid fuel returns to the liquid cargo tank 1 through the unidirectional first control valve 801, the ninth control valve 809, the second pipeline 202 and the bilge nozzle assembly 401 to release pressure. The fifth control valve 805 is pressure-linked with the second pressure sensor 600 on the pipeline, and the opening of the fifth control valve 805 is controlled by the pressure, the second pressure sensor 600 detects that the pressure exceeds a set value, i.e. the opening of the fifth control valve 805 is increased, and the second pressure sensor 600 detects that the pressure is smaller than the set value, i.e. the opening of the fifth control valve 805 is decreased, until the pressure is within a set working interval. The first pressure sensor 500 detects the pressure in the cargo tank 1, and the opening of the fourth control valve 804 is controlled in a linkage manner, wherein the opening is in a proportional relationship with the vaporization speed of the liquid fuel in the vaporizer 108, and the higher the opening is, the more the fuel passes through, the higher the vaporization speed is, and the pressure in the cargo tank 1 is controlled by controlling the vaporization speed. The opening of the fourth control valve 804 is reduced when the pressure exceeds the set value, and the opening of the fourth control valve 804 is increased when the pressure is smaller than the set value until the pressure is in the set working range.
S5: the fuel is discharged out of the cargo hold 1. In the same way as step S4, the liquid fuel is phase-transformed and evaporated into BOG gas through the vaporizer 108 through the sixth pipeline 206, enters the cargo tank 1 through the eleventh pipeline 211 and the third pipeline 203 to be self-pressurized, passes through the fifth pipeline 205, and then passes through the first control valve 801, the fifth control valve 805, the check valve 810, the ninth pipeline 209 and the eighth pipeline 208 to be connected to the outboard receiving device through the injection port 101 until the pressure in the cargo tank cannot push the fuel out of the cargo tank 1. The completion signal is: the level sensor 300 detects less than 2% bilge and the first pressure sensor 500 detects a pressure difference between the inside and outside of the cargo tank 1 of less than 0.5bar.
S6: the remaining BOG in the cargo tank 1 is purged and replaced with nitrogen or inert gas. If BOG is LPG boil-off gas, the removable straight pipe 302 is installed to connect the third pipe orifice 30 and the fourth pipe orifice 40, the nitrogen or inert gas blowing source 102 is started from the seventh pipe 207, and is connected through the third pipe orifice 30 and the fourth pipe orifice 40, the seventh control valve 807 and the third pipe orifice 203, and enters the cargo tank 1 to be purged, and the replaced BOG is connected (by installing the removable straight pipe 302) through the bilge nozzle assembly 401 nozzle, the second pipe orifice 202, the sixth control, the tenth pipe orifice 210, the first pipe orifice 10 and the second pipe orifice 20, and is discharged to the gas permeable mast 103 through the fourth pipe orifice 204, and the completion signal is that: the low level detector 200 detects a fuel BOG concentration below 18% lel. If the gas is NH3 or CH4 evaporated, the removable pipe bending member 301 is installed to connect the first pipe orifice 10 with the third pipe orifice 30, the nitrogen or inert blowing gas source 102 is started from the seventh pipe line 207, and is connected with the third pipe orifice 30 through the first pipe orifice 10, purged through the tenth pipe line 210, the sixth control, the third control valve 803, the second pipe line 202 and the bilge nozzle assembly 401, and the replaced BOG is sequentially connected with the hatch cover 700, the third pipe line 203, the seventh control valve 807, the second pipe orifice 20 and the fourth pipe orifice 40 (the removable pipe bending member 301 is installed), and the fourth pipe line 204 is discharged to the ventilation mast 103, and the completion signal is that: the high level detector 100 to fuel BOG concentration is below 18% lel.
S7: natural air is used to replace nitrogen or inert gas in the cabin. If replaced nitrogen is used, the removable elbow 301 is installed to connect the first pipe orifice 10 with the third pipe orifice 30, the natural air blowing source 102 is started from the seventh pipe orifice 207, connected with the third pipe orifice 30 through the first pipe orifice 10, purged through the tenth pipe orifice 210, the sixth control, the third control valve 803, the second pipe orifice 202 and the bilge nozzle assembly 401, and the replaced nitrogen is sequentially connected with the hatch cover 700, the third pipe orifice 203, the seventh control valve 807, the second pipe orifice 20 and the fourth pipe orifice 40 (the removable elbow 301 is installed), and the fourth pipe orifice 204 is discharged to the ventilation mast 103, and the completion signals are as follows: the high-level detector 100 detects that the concentration of oxygen in the cargo tank 1 is more than or equal to 20%, the concentration of carbon monoxide is less than 30PPM, the concentration of carbon dioxide is less than 0.5%, and the content of fuel gas is less than or equal to 0.2%. If the inert gas is replaced, the detachable straight pipe 302 is installed to connect the third pipe orifice 30 with the fourth pipe orifice 40, the natural air blowing source 102 starts from the seventh pipe 207, and enters the cargo tank 1 to be blown through the third pipe orifice 30 and the fourth pipe orifice 40, the seventh control valve 807 and the third pipe 203, the replaced inert gas is connected with the second pipe orifice 20 through the bilge nozzle assembly 401 nozzle, the second pipe 202, the sixth control, the tenth pipe 210, the first pipe orifice 10 and the second pipe orifice 20 (through the detachable straight pipe 302), and then is discharged to the ventilation mast 103 through the fourth pipe 204, and the completion signal is that: the low-level detector 200 detects that the concentration of oxygen in the cargo tank 1 is more than or equal to 20%, the concentration of carbon monoxide is less than 30PPM, the concentration of carbon dioxide is less than 0.5%, and the content of fuel gas is less than or equal to 0.2%. So as to be suitable for personnel to enter the cabin for operation.
After the personnel finishes the operation in the cabin, the operation can be repeated when the personnel starts next time.
The pipe system of the present invention has a piston effect when performing blow-off replacement, and is mainly characterized in that: according to the data of the gas molecular weight table, for ideal gas, the specific gravity is proportional to the molecular weight at the same temperature and the same pressure, the gas with high specific gravity is deposited on the bilge, and the gas with low specific gravity floats to the bilge area. The gas with high specific gravity replaces the gas with low specific gravity, and enters from the bottom of the cabin, and the gas with low specific gravity is blown out from the top of the cabin, so that a piston effect pushing upwards is formed. The gas with small specific gravity is introduced from the cabin top and blown out from the cabin bottom, so that the piston effect pushing downwards is formed.
The invention also has a spray cooling function, and is composed of a temperature sensor, a seventh pipeline 207, a second control valve 802, a first pipeline 201, a cabin top nozzle assembly 402 and the like, and is mainly characterized in that if the temperature sensor 400 and the first pressure sensor 500 detect that the temperature or the pressure in the cargo tank 1 rises beyond a set working range, external low-temperature liquid fuel enters through an injection port 101, an eighth control valve 808, an eighth pipeline 208 and the first pipeline 201 through the cabin top nozzle assembly 402, spray cooling is carried out, BOG is liquefied, the pressure in the cabin is reduced to the set working range, and if the first pressure sensor 500 detects further overpressure after spraying, the safety valve 811 is triggered to be opened, and the safety valve is released through a fifth pipeline 205, a fourth pipeline 204 and a ventilation mast 103 to reduce the pressure.
The design of the pipeline and the valve can be flexibly adjusted according to actual demands, the invention is disclosed as the best embodiment, and the improvement of simple pipelines and the like based on the best embodiment belongs to the protection scope of the invention.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications and equivalents may be made thereto without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make other changes and modifications within the spirit of the invention, which are intended to be within the scope of the invention, without departing from the technical spirit of the invention. Such variations, which are in accordance with the spirit of the invention, are intended to be included within the scope of the invention as claimed.
Claims (10)
1. The multipurpose cargo tank pipeline system is used for a cargo tank (1) with the volume less than or equal to 1500m < 3 > and the working pressure more than or equal to 4barg, and is characterized by comprising the cargo tank (1) arranged at the lower end, a blowing air source (102), an air permeable mast (103) and an annular four-way connecting pipe (2) arranged at the upper end;
the multipurpose cargo tank pipeline system further comprises a connecting pipeline, a valve arranged on the connecting pipeline, a bilge nozzle assembly (401) arranged at one end of the connecting pipeline and positioned at the bottom of the cargo tank (1), and a bilge top nozzle assembly (402) positioned at the top of the cargo tank (1);
For example, the molecular weight of the inert gas is smaller than that of the air, wherein the process of replacing the air by the inert gas is as follows: the inert gas starts from a blowing-off gas source (102) and enters the cargo tank (1) from the top of the cargo tank (1); the discharged air starts from the bilge nozzle component (401) and is discharged from the bilge nozzle component to the ventilation mast (103) through the connecting pipeline and the annular four-way connecting pipe (2); the process of air replacement inert gas is as follows: natural air starts from a blowing-off air source (102), is blown to a bilge nozzle assembly (401) through a connecting pipeline and an annular four-way connecting pipe (2), and the replaced inert gas is sequentially discharged to a ventilation mast (103) through the connecting pipeline and the annular four-way connecting pipe (2) to the ventilation mast (103);
for example, the molecular weight of the inert gas is larger than that of the air, wherein the process of replacing the air by the inert gas is as follows: the inert gas starts from a blowing-out gas source (102) and enters the cargo tank (1) from the bilge nozzle assembly (401); the discharged air is discharged from the top of the cargo tank (1) to a connecting pipeline and from the annular four-way connecting pipe (2) to the ventilation mast (103); the process of air replacement inert gas is as follows: the natural air source starts from a blowing-out air source (102), blows the natural air source to the cargo tank (1) through a connecting pipeline and a ring-shaped four-way connecting pipe (2), and the replaced inert gas is discharged to the ventilation mast (103) through a bilge nozzle assembly (401), the connecting pipeline and the ring-shaped four-way connecting pipe (2);
The multipurpose cargo tank pipeline system also comprises a fuel vapor source and an injection port (101) which are arranged at the upper end of the multipurpose cargo tank pipeline system;
if the molecular weight of the fuel is smaller than that of the inert gas, the process of replacing the inert gas by fuel vapor is as follows: fuel vapor is connected to the upper end of the cargo tank (1) through a connecting pipeline and enters the cargo tank (1); inert gas in the cargo tank (1) is discharged from the bilge nozzle assembly (401) from the gas-permeable mast (103) through a connecting pipeline and a ring-shaped four-way connecting pipe (2); the process of inert gas displacement fuel vapor is as follows: purging inert gas from a purging gas source (102) through a connecting pipeline to a bilge nozzle assembly (401); the replaced fuel vapor is discharged from the connecting pipeline and the annular four-way connecting pipe (2) to the ventilation mast (103);
if the molecular weight of the fuel is larger than that of the inert gas, the process of replacing the inert gas by fuel vapor is as follows: the fuel vapor is discharged from the injection port (101) to the liquid cargo tank (1) through a connecting pipeline to the bilge nozzle assembly (401); inert gas in the cargo tank (1) is discharged from the top of the cargo tank (1) and is discharged from the gas permeable mast (103) through a connecting pipeline and a ring-shaped four-way connecting pipe (2); the process of inert gas displacement fuel vapor is as follows: inert gas starts from a blowing-off gas source (102) and enters the cargo tank (1) for cleaning through a connecting pipeline.
2. The multipurpose cargo tank piping system of claim 1, further comprising a vaporizer (108) provided at one side of the multipurpose cargo tank piping system; the two ends of the vaporizer (108) are respectively connected with the connecting pipelines, and are used for enabling the vaporized fuel to enter the liquid cargo tank (1) to increase the tank pressure so as to transfer the liquid fuel below the liquid cargo tank (1) to the host supply pipeline (107) for external hosts.
3. The multipurpose cargo tank piping system according to claim 1, wherein the upper end of the cargo tank (1) is provided with a plurality of concentration monitors and sensors; the concentration monitor comprises a high-level detector (100) and a low-level detector (200); the sensor comprises a liquid level sensor (300), a temperature sensor (400) and a first pressure sensor (500);
the annular four-way connecting pipe (2) comprises a first pipe orifice (10), a second pipe orifice (20), a third pipe orifice (30) and a fourth pipe orifice (40); the first pipe orifice (10), the second pipe orifice (20), the third pipe orifice (30) and the fourth pipe orifice (40) comprise a detachable bent pipe piece (301) and a detachable straight pipe piece (302) which are detachably connected; is used for realizing the communication among any two groups of pipe fittings among the first pipe orifice (10), the second pipe orifice (20), the third pipe orifice (30) and the fourth pipe orifice (40).
4. A control method using the multipurpose cargo tank piping system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by comprising the steps of:
s1: air displacement in the cargo tank (1): displacing air in the cargo tank (1) with an inert gas until the oxygen concentration of the cargo tank (1) is below 1.8%;
s2: inert gas replacement of the cargo tank (1): displacing the inert gas in the cargo tank (1) with fuel vapor until the fuel concentration in the cargo tank (1) is higher than 97.5%;
s3: filling liquid fuel into the cargo tank (1);
s4: gasifying the liquid fuel in the step S3, and generating pressure by gasifying gas through a carburetor to push the liquid fuel in the cabin to be externally delivered to a host machine for use;
s5: a fuel cargo tank (1) until a liquid level in the cargo tank (1) is detected below 2% hold and a pressure difference between an inboard and an outboard receiving means of the cargo tank (1) is below 0.5bar;
s6: displacing fuel vapour in the cargo tank (1) with an inert gas until a fuel concentration in the cargo tank (1) below 18% lel is detected;
s7: the inert gas in the air replacement cabin is used until the oxygen concentration in the cargo tank (1) is detected to be more than or equal to 20 percent, the carbon monoxide concentration is less than 30PPM, the carbon dioxide concentration is less than 0.5 percent, and the fuel gas content is less than or equal to 0.2 percent;
S8: and repeating the steps S1 to S7 after the next operation.
5. The control method according to claim 4, wherein in the step S1, the inert gas is nitrogen having a molecular weight smaller than that of air or an inert gas having a molecular weight larger than that of air;
the method for replacing air by nitrogen comprises the following steps: the nitrogen starts from a blowing-off air source (102) and enters the cargo tank (1) from the top of the cargo tank (1); the discharged air starts from the bilge nozzle component (401) and is discharged from the bilge nozzle component to the ventilation mast (103) through the connecting pipeline and the annular four-way connecting pipe (2); until the low-level detector (200) detects that the bilge oxygen concentration is lower than 1.8%, completing replacement; the method for replacing air by inert gas comprises the following steps: the inert gas starts from a blowing-out gas source (102) and enters the cargo tank (1) to the bilge nozzle assembly (401); the discharged air is discharged from the top of the cargo tank (1) to a connecting pipeline and from the annular four-way connecting pipe (2) to the ventilation mast (103); and (3) finishing replacement until the high-level detector (100) detects that the oxygen concentration at the cabin top is lower than 1.8%.
6. The control method according to claim 4, wherein in the step S2, the fuel vapor is LPG having a molecular weight greater than that of the inert gas, or NH3 or CH4 having a molecular weight less than that of the inert gas;
The method for replacing inert gas by NH3 or CH4 comprises the following steps: fuel vapor is connected to the upper end of the cargo tank (1) through a connecting pipeline and enters the cargo tank (1); the inert gas in the cargo tank (1) starts from the bilge nozzle assembly (401) and is discharged from the bilge nozzle assembly to the ventilation mast (103) through the connecting pipeline and the annular four-way connecting pipe (2) until the high-level detector (100) detects that the concentration of the fuel in the cargo tank (1) is higher than 97.5%, and then the replacement is finished;
the method for replacing inert gas by LPG comprises the following steps: the fuel vapor is discharged from the injection port (101) to the liquid cargo tank (1) through a connecting pipeline to the bilge nozzle assembly (401); inert gas in the cargo tank (1) is discharged from the top of the cargo tank (1), is discharged from the gas-permeable mast (103) through the connecting pipeline and the annular four-way connecting pipe (2) until the low-level detector (200) detects that the gas concentration in the cargo tank (1) is higher than 97.5%, and then the replacement is completed.
7. The control method according to claim 4, characterized in that the method of filling the liquid fuel into the cargo tank (1) in step S3 is: -fuel is introduced into the cargo tank (1) via an inlet (101), a connecting line, a bilge nozzle assembly (401); until the liquid level sensor (300) detects that the liquid level of the liquid cargo tank (1) reaches 92% -97.5% of the tank height;
The step S3 further comprises the step of balancing the pressure; a seventh control valve (807) is arranged on a connecting pipeline between the fuel vapor source and the cargo tank (1), and a safety valve (811) is arranged on a connecting pipeline between the cargo tank (1) and the ventilation mast (103); the pressure balancing method comprises the following steps: a1: when the cabin pressure is too high, the opening of the seventh control valve (807) is increased, and the discharge of fuel vapor to the evaporation gas source (104) is accelerated; a2: if the cabin pressure cannot be avoided from rising in the step A1, a safety valve (811) is opened to perform auxiliary pressure relief;
the step of gasifying the liquid fuel in the step S3 in the step S4 includes:
b1: starting from the cargo tank (1), the liquid fuel is changed into gas fuel through a connecting pipeline to a vaporizer (108);
b2: the gas fuel returns to the cargo tank (1) through the connecting pipeline to form supercharging;
b3: the liquid fuel in the liquid cargo tank (1) is transmitted to a main engine supply pipeline (107) through a fifth pipeline (205) under the pressurized environment, and is supplied to an external main engine for use;
the supply host pipeline (107) is provided with a second pressure sensor (600), and the supply host pipeline (107) is also provided with another ninth pipeline (209) communicated with the bilge nozzle assembly (401);
If the second pressure sensor (600) detects that the pressure in the supply host pipeline (107) exceeds the set pressure, the pressure relief is realized by adjusting the opening and closing degree of a fifth control valve (805) on a ninth pipeline (209).
8. The control method according to claim 7, wherein the step of the fuel cargo hold (1) in step S5 is: c1: the liquid fuel is changed into gas fuel through a vaporizer (108) through a connecting pipeline (206) communicated with the bottom of the cargo tank (1);
c2: the gas fuel in the step C1 returns into the cargo tank (1) through a third pipeline (203) to form pressurization;
and C3: the liquid fuel and the fuel vapor are connected with a second pipeline (202) at the bottom of the liquid cargo tank (1) and are led out of an external receiving device through an injection port (101) until the liquid level meter detects that the liquid fuel in the liquid cargo tank (1) is lower than 2% of the hold capacity, and the first pressure sensor (500) detects that the pressure difference between the liquid cargo tank (1) and the outboard receiving device is lower than 0.5bar.
9. The control method according to claim 4, wherein in the step S6, the step of replacing the fuel vapor in the cargo tank (1) with the inert gas is: when the fuel vapor is LPG vapor, inert gas is discharged to the top of the cargo tank (1) from a blowing-off gas source (102); the LPG vapor is discharged by a bilge nozzle assembly (401) and finally discharged to a ventilation mast (103); until the low-level detector (200) detects that the bilge gas concentration is qualified, finishing replacement; when the fuel vapor is NH 3 Or CH (CH) 4 The inert gas is discharged to the cargo tank (1) by the bilge nozzle assembly (401) from the blowing gas source (102); the NH is 3 Or CH 4 Discharging from the top of the cargo tank (1), and finally discharging to the ventilation mast (103) until the high-level detector (100) detects that the concentration of the gas at the top of the tank is qualified, and completing replacement;
in the step S7, the step of using the air to replace the inert gas in the cabin is: if the nitrogen is replaced, the air is discharged from the blowing-out air source (102) to the cargo tank (1) by the bilge nozzle assembly (401); the nitrogen is discharged to the ventilation mast (103) through the top of the liquid cargo tank (1) until the high-level detector (100) detects that the concentration of the gas at the top of the tank is qualified, and the replacement is finished; if the inert gas is replaced, the air starts from a blowing-out air source (102) and is discharged from the top of the cargo tank (1) to the cargo tank (1); the replaced inert gas starts from the bilge nozzle component (401) and is finally discharged to the ventilation mast (103) until the low-level detector (200) detects that the bilge gas concentration is qualified, and the replacement is finished.
10. The control method according to claim 4, characterized in that when the blow-off replacement is performed with a piston effect, when a gas with a high specific gravity replaces a gas with a low specific gravity, the replacement gas enters from the second pipeline (202) and the bilge nozzle assembly (401), and the replaced gas is blown out from the tank top of the cargo tank (1) to form a piston effect pushing upward; when the gas with small specific gravity replaces the gas with large specific gravity, the replaced gas enters from the top of the liquid cargo tank (1), and the replaced gas is blown out from a bilge nozzle assembly (401) of the second pipeline (202) to form a downward pushing piston effect; the number of the bilge nozzle assemblies (402) is 4-20, the number of the bilge nozzle assemblies (401) is 5-15, the bilge nozzle assemblies (401) and the bilge nozzle assemblies (402) are in a horn mouth form, and the horn mouth angle is 60-90 degrees, so that medium can be conveniently fed in and fed out.
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