CN114850584B - Worm grinding wheel gear grinding machine - Google Patents
Worm grinding wheel gear grinding machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN114850584B CN114850584B CN202210703926.1A CN202210703926A CN114850584B CN 114850584 B CN114850584 B CN 114850584B CN 202210703926 A CN202210703926 A CN 202210703926A CN 114850584 B CN114850584 B CN 114850584B
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- grinding wheel
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- grinding
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- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 195
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims description 48
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 20
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002173 cutting fluid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910001651 emery Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002452 interceptive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23F—MAKING GEARS OR TOOTHED RACKS
- B23F17/00—Special methods or machines for making gear teeth, not covered by the preceding groups
- B23F17/006—Special methods or machines for making gear teeth, not covered by the preceding groups using different machines or machining operations
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23F—MAKING GEARS OR TOOTHED RACKS
- B23F5/00—Making straight gear teeth involving moving a tool relatively to a workpiece with a rolling-off or an enveloping motion with respect to the gear teeth to be made
- B23F5/02—Making straight gear teeth involving moving a tool relatively to a workpiece with a rolling-off or an enveloping motion with respect to the gear teeth to be made by grinding
- B23F5/04—Making straight gear teeth involving moving a tool relatively to a workpiece with a rolling-off or an enveloping motion with respect to the gear teeth to be made by grinding the tool being a grinding worm
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23F—MAKING GEARS OR TOOTHED RACKS
- B23F23/00—Accessories or equipment combined with or arranged in, or specially designed to form part of, gear-cutting machines
- B23F23/12—Other devices, e.g. tool holders; Checking devices for controlling workpieces in machines for manufacturing gear teeth
- B23F23/1237—Tool holders
- B23F23/1243—Hob holders
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23F—MAKING GEARS OR TOOTHED RACKS
- B23F5/00—Making straight gear teeth involving moving a tool relatively to a workpiece with a rolling-off or an enveloping motion with respect to the gear teeth to be made
- B23F5/20—Making straight gear teeth involving moving a tool relatively to a workpiece with a rolling-off or an enveloping motion with respect to the gear teeth to be made by milling
- B23F5/202—Making straight gear teeth involving moving a tool relatively to a workpiece with a rolling-off or an enveloping motion with respect to the gear teeth to be made by milling the tool having a shape similar to that of a gear or part thereof, with cutting edges situated on the tooth contour lines
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P23/00—Machines or arrangements of machines for performing specified combinations of different metal-working operations not covered by a single other subclass
- B23P23/04—Machines or arrangements of machines for performing specified combinations of different metal-working operations not covered by a single other subclass for both machining and other metal-working operations
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/10—Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Grinding-Machine Dressing And Accessory Apparatuses (AREA)
Abstract
The application relates to a worm grinding wheel gear grinding machine, which comprises a machine tool, a first upright post and a second upright post, wherein the first upright post and the second upright post are arranged on the machine tool; the processing assembly comprises a grinding wheel assembly and a hob assembly, the hob assembly comprises a hob driving piece, a hob shaft and a hob, the hob driving piece can drive the hob to rotate around the hob shaft and roughen gears, the grinding wheel assembly comprises a grinding wheel driving piece, a grinding wheel shaft and a grinding wheel, the grinding wheel driving piece can drive the grinding wheel to rotate around the grinding wheel shaft and finish the gears, and the hob and the grinding wheel respectively have the same rack cutting edges. The processing stability and the processing precision of the gear grinding machine can be ensured, the cost is reduced, and the whole occupied space of the gear grinding machine is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of machining, in particular to a worm grinding wheel gear grinding machine.
Background
In recent years, high-speed and high-torque direct drive technology has been greatly developed, and the yield of gearbox gears has been increased. With the increasing demands for efficiency and noise of vehicle transmissions, almost all new on-market vehicle models have very high precision requirements, so that the gear grinding process of gear workpieces becomes necessary.
The gear grinding machine processes the gear through the grinding wheel, and meanwhile cooling oil is provided between the grinding wheel and the gear through the oil supply mechanism, and the cooling oil can lubricate and cool between the grinding wheel and the gear so as to ensure the processing stability and the processing precision.
The oil supply mechanism comprises a cooling oil treatment system, an oil mist separation system, a cleaning machine, a cooling unit, a residual oil collecting device and the like, and is large in occupied space and high in cost.
Therefore, how to reduce the cost and the overall occupation space of the gear grinding machine while ensuring the processing precision of the gear grinding machine is a technical problem required to be solved by the person skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of this application is to provide a worm emery wheel gear grinding machine, can reduce cost when guaranteeing the machining stability and the machining precision of gear grinding machine to reduce the whole occupation space of this gear grinding machine.
In order to solve the technical problems, the application provides a worm grinding wheel gear grinding machine, which comprises a machine tool, a first upright post and a second upright post, wherein the first upright post and the second upright post are arranged on the machine tool, the first upright post is provided with a processing assembly, and the second upright post is used for installing a gear to be processed; the processing assembly comprises a grinding wheel assembly and a hob assembly, the hob assembly comprises a hob driving part, a hob shaft and a hob, the hob driving part can drive the hob to rotate around the hob shaft and roughly process the gear, the grinding wheel assembly comprises a grinding wheel driving part, a grinding wheel shaft and a grinding wheel, the grinding wheel driving part can drive the grinding wheel to rotate around the grinding wheel shaft and finely process the gear, and the hob and the grinding wheel respectively have the same rack cutting edge.
The processing assembly of the machine tool is integrated with a hob assembly for rough machining and a grinding wheel assembly for finish machining, and gears are processed in a rolling-before-grinding mode, and the specific process comprises a hobbing process and a gear grinding process. For example, after the involute cylindrical gear is subjected to heat treatment (generally carburized quenching, the hardness of the tooth surface is about 60 HRC), the involute cylindrical gear is firstly processed by a hob hard tooth surface scraping process, most of the tooth thickness processing allowance (about 90%) is removed, so that the processing efficiency is ensured, and then the gear is subjected to fine grinding by a grinding wheel, so that the rest processing allowance is removed, and the processing precision and the surface quality are ensured.
Because the grinding wheel has smaller machining allowance for grinding the gear, the gear can be ground by adopting smaller cutting quantity, and the machining precision and the surface quality are ensured. Meanwhile, the processing of the hob in the earlier stage is combined, so that the overall processing efficiency can be ensured. In addition, as the grinding wheel adopts small cutting amount for fine grinding, in the process, the grinding wheel can directly grind the grinding wheel without using oil cutting fluid, and an oil supply system and a cooling oil treatment system are not needed, so that the whole volume of the worm grinding wheel gear grinding machine can be greatly reduced, the occupied space is reduced, and the cost is further reduced.
In the prior art, the hob is used for machining the gear before a heat treatment process, after the hob is used for machining, the gear is generally left with machining allowance of 0.2-0.4 mm (related to gear modulus, heat treatment control and the like), after the heat treatment machining, if oil and other cutting fluids are not used for direct grinding, only a very small cutting amount is used for machining, and the efficiency requirement can not be met far.
The grinding wheel shaft of the grinding wheel assembly and the hob shaft of the hob assembly are mutually independent structures. When the hob rough machining is carried out on the gear, the rotating speed of the hob is low, the diameter of the hob is small, and the cutting force is large during milling, so that the rigidity requirement of the hob shaft is high; when the gear is finely ground by the grinding wheel, the rotation speed of the grinding wheel is higher, for example, the linear speed of the grinding wheel can reach 50m/s to 80m/s, so that the design requirements on the rolling cutter shaft and the grinding wheel shaft are different, and when the rolling cutter shaft and the grinding wheel shaft are arranged into mutually independent structures, the design flexibility can be improved. In addition, in order to ensure the grinding efficiency and the surface quality in finish machining, the diameter of the grinding wheel is generally larger than that of the hob, so that when the grinding wheel shaft and the hob shaft are arranged to be of mutually independent structures, the constraint of geometric dimension caused by the diameter difference of the grinding wheel and the hob can be avoided, for example, the situation that the grinding wheel and the gear interfere when the hob is used for machining a gear can be ensured, and meanwhile, each cutter can be ensured to be in accurate position control and optimal cutting speed.
Optionally, the machine tool is provided with a first slideway and a second slideway, the first upright post can slide along the first slideway, and the second upright post can slide along the second slideway; the first upright is provided with a third slideway and a mounting table, the processing assembly is mounted on the mounting table, the mounting table can slide along the third slideway and rotate around a first axis relative to the first upright, and the first axis is perpendicular to the third slideway; the second upright post is provided with a workbench, the workbench is provided with the gear and a rotating shaft parallel to the third slideway, the gear and the rotating shaft are coaxial and relatively fixed, and the workbench can drive the rotating shaft to drive the gear to rotate; the first slideway, the second slideway and the third slideway are mutually perpendicular.
Optionally, the mounting table is further provided with an auxiliary support, and the auxiliary support is used for supporting one end of the grinding wheel shaft away from the grinding wheel driving piece.
Optionally, the grinding wheel driving piece and the auxiliary support are respectively provided with a quick-change structure, and two ends of the grinding wheel shaft are respectively connected with the quick-change structure.
Optionally, the grinding wheel assembly further comprises an on-line dynamic balancing device.
Optionally, the second upright is further provided with a dressing device, and the dressing device comprises a dressing wheel and a dressing driving piece, wherein the dressing driving piece is used for driving the dressing wheel to rotate around a dressing axis and dressing the grinding wheel.
Optionally, the dressing device is fixed with the second upright, and the dressing axis is parallel with the third slide.
Optionally, the second upright post is further provided with a limiting seat, and the limiting seat can radially limit one end, away from the workbench, of the rotating shaft.
Optionally, the second upright post is further provided with a fourth slideway parallel to the rotating shaft, and the limiting seat can slide along the fourth slideway to be in limiting fit with the end part of the rotating shaft.
Optionally, the limit seat is provided with a tip structure, and the tip structure can be abutted to the end part of the rotating shaft along the axis.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a worm grinding wheel gear grinding machine provided in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of the tooling assembly of FIG. 1;
fig. 3 is an enlarged view of P in fig. 1.
In fig. 1-3, the reference numerals are as follows:
1-machine tool, 11-first slide, 12-second slide
2-a first upright post and 21-a third slideway;
3-second upright posts and 31-fourth slide ways;
4-a mounting table, 41-an auxiliary support and 42-a quick-change structure;
the device comprises a 5-processing assembly, a 51-grinding wheel assembly, a 511-grinding wheel, a 512-grinding wheel driving piece, a 513-grinding wheel shaft, a 514-on-line dynamic balancing device, a 52-hob assembly, a 521-hob, a 522-hob driving piece and a 523-hob shaft;
6-a workbench, 61-a driving part;
7-dressing device, 71-dressing wheel, 72-dressing driving piece;
8-a limit seat and 81-a center structure;
91-gear, 92-spindle;
a-a first axis; the axis of rotation of the B-grinding wheel shaft; b1-dressing axis; and C is the axis of the rotating shaft.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solution of the present application better understood by those skilled in the art, the present application will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
The embodiment of the application provides a worm grinding wheel gear grinding machine which is used for processing a gear to be processed.
As shown in fig. 1, the worm grinding wheel gear grinding machine comprises a machine tool 1, a first upright 2 and a second upright 3 which are arranged on the machine tool 1, wherein the first upright 2 is provided with a machining assembly 5, the second upright 3 is used for mounting a gear 91 to be machined, and the machining assembly 5 is used for machining the gear 91.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, the processing assembly 5 includes a grinding wheel assembly 51 and a hob assembly 52, wherein the hob assembly 52 includes a hob driving member 522, a hob shaft 523 and a hob 521, the hob driving member 522 can drive the hob 521 to rotate around the hob shaft 523 and roughing the gear 91, the grinding wheel assembly 51 includes a grinding wheel driving member 512, a grinding wheel shaft 513 and a grinding wheel 511, and the grinding wheel driving member 512 can drive the grinding wheel 511 to rotate around the grinding wheel shaft 513 and finish the gear 91. Hob 521 and grinding wheel 511 each have the same rack cutting edge for machining the same gear 91.
In the worm grinding wheel gear grinding machine provided by the embodiment, the processing component 5 of the machine tool 1 is integrated with the hob component 52 for rough machining and the grinding wheel component 51 for finish machining, and the gear 91 is processed in a rolling-before-grinding mode, and the specific process comprises a gear hobbing process and a gear grinding process. For example, after the involute cylindrical gear is processed by heat treatment (generally carburized and quenched, the hardness of the tooth surface is about 60 HRC), most of the machining allowance (about 90%) of the tooth thickness is removed by a hard tooth surface scraping process of a hob 521, so as to ensure the machining efficiency, and then the gear 91 is finely ground by a grinding wheel 511, so as to remove the rest of the machining allowance, and ensure the machining precision and the surface quality.
Since the grinding wheel 511 has a small machining allowance for grinding the gear 91, the gear 91 can be ground with a small cutting amount, and the machining precision and the surface quality are ensured. Meanwhile, the processing of the hob 521 in the earlier stage is combined, so that the overall processing efficiency can be ensured. In addition, because the grinding wheel 511 adopts small cutting amount for fine grinding, in the process, the grinding fluid such as oil can be directly ground without using the grinding fluid, and an oil supply system and a cooling oil treatment system are not needed, so that the whole volume of the worm grinding wheel gear grinding machine can be greatly reduced, the occupied space is reduced, and the cost is further reduced.
In the prior art, the hob 521 is used for machining the gear 91 before the heat treatment process, after the hob 521 is used for machining, the gear 91 is generally left with a machining allowance of 0.2-0.4 mm (related to gear modulus, heat treatment control and the like), after the heat treatment machining, if the direct grinding is not performed by using cutting fluid such as oil, only a very small cutting amount can be used for machining, and the efficiency requirement can not be met far.
In this embodiment, the grinding wheel shaft 513 of the grinding wheel assembly 51 and the hob shaft 523 of the hob assembly 52 are independent of each other. When the gear 91 is roughly processed by the hob 521, the milling is equivalent to the milling, the rotation speed of the hob 521 is not high, the diameter of the hob 521 is smaller, and the cutting force is large during milling, so the rigidity requirement of the hob shaft 523 is higher; when the gear 91 is finely ground by the grinding wheel 511, the rotation speed of the grinding wheel 511 is high, for example, the linear speed thereof can reach 50m/s to 80m/s, so that the design requirements on the hob shaft 523 and the grinding wheel shaft 513 are different, and the design flexibility can be improved when the hob shaft 523 and the grinding wheel shaft 513 are arranged in mutually independent structures. In addition, since the diameter of the grinding wheel 511 is generally larger than the diameter of the hob 521 in order to ensure grinding efficiency and surface quality during finish machining, when the grinding wheel shaft 513 and the hob shaft 523 are configured to be independent of each other, it is possible to avoid constraint of geometric dimensions due to a difference in diameter between the grinding wheel 511 and the hob 521, such as interference between the grinding wheel 511 and the gear 91 when the hob 521 is machining the gear 91, and to ensure accurate position control and optimal cutting speed for each tool.
The machine tool 1 is provided with a first slide 11 and a second slide 12, the first upright 2 being able to slide along the first slide 11 and the second upright 3 being able to slide along the second slide 12. The first upright 2 is further provided with a third slide way 21, the first slide way 11, the second slide way 12 and the third slide way 21 are mutually perpendicular, wherein, as shown in fig. 1, the first slide way 11 is arranged along the Y-axis direction, the second slide way 12 is arranged along the X-axis direction, and the third slide way 21 is arranged along the Z-axis direction.
The first upright 2 is also provided with a mounting table 4, the mounting table 4 being able to slide along a third slideway 21 with respect to the first upright 2 and rotate about a first axis a, the mounting table 4 being fitted with the above-mentioned processing assembly 5. The first axis a is perpendicular to the third slide 21, that is, the first axis a is parallel to the XY plane formed by the X axis and the Y axis.
The second upright 3 can slide along the second slide 12 relative to the machine tool 1, and the second upright 3 is provided with a workbench 6, the workbench 6 is provided with a rotating shaft 92 and the gear 91 to be processed, the rotating shaft 92 and the gear 91 are coaxial and relatively fixed, the workbench 6 is further provided with a driving part 61, the rotating shaft 92 can drive the gear 91 to rotate around the axis C of the rotating shaft under the driving action of the driving part 61, and the axis C of the rotating shaft is parallel to the third slide 21.
The worm grinding wheel gear grinding machine provided by the embodiment processes involute cylindrical gear parts by using an generating method according to the meshing principle of the gears 91. The grinding wheel 511 and the hob 521 are worm, the pressure angle of the axial section is a helical rack which is the same as the pressure angle of the gear 91, and the helical rack is controlled to be correctly meshed with the gear 91, so that the cutting edge of the helical rack envelops a correct tooth shape on the surface of the gear 91. Thus, the grinding wheel 511 and the hob 521 each have the same rack cutting edge for processing the same gear 91 to be processed.
Taking the case of carrying out finish machining on the gear 91 through the grinding wheel 511, firstly carrying out tool setting on the grinding wheel 511 and the gear 91, after the tool setting is finished, sliding along the first slide 11 through the first upright post 2, sliding along the third slide 21 through the mounting table 4, moving the grinding wheel 511 in a manner that the mounting table 4 rotates around the first axis A, and the like, so that the grinding wheel 511 and the gear 91 enter a correct meshing position for grinding, driving the gear 92 to slide along the second slide 12 by the second upright post 3, adjusting the radial feed amount of the gear 91, driving the grinding wheel assembly 51 to slide along the third slide 21, carrying out axial feed grinding full tooth width of the gear 91, driving the grinding wheel assembly 51 to slide along the first slide 11 by the first upright post 2, carrying out axial tool setting of the grinding wheel 511, ensuring that the rotation axis B of the grinding wheel shaft intersects with the axis (namely the axis C of the rotating shaft) of the gear 91 to form a correct angle, and simultaneously, keeping a correct rotation speed ratio of the grinding wheel 511 and the rotation speed of the gear 91.
The rough machining of the gear 91 by the hob 521 is similar to the above-mentioned fine machining of the gear 91 by the grinding wheel 511, and is not repeated here for the sake of economy.
Specifically, the "correct angle" and the "correct rotation speed ratio" may be controlled according to the specific conditions of the gear 91 and the grinding wheel 511, and are not described herein.
In this embodiment, this worm emery wheel gear grinding machine includes four numerical control axles, is X axle, Y axle, Z axle and A axle respectively to set up these four numerical control axles respectively on two stands, compare in the scheme of setting up four numerical control axles on a stand, can avoid each numerical control axle's position error all can overlap on the overall position error, thereby improve machining precision, guarantee the machining effect. And, along with the increase of the quantity of the numerical control shafts stacked on the same upright, the overall rigidity of the machine tool can be decreased, so that two uprights are arranged, and when the second slideway 12 is arranged between the second upright 3 and the machine tool 1 (namely, the adjustment of the X-axis position is arranged on the second upright 3), the transmission structure between the mounting table 4 and the first upright 2 can be simplified, the transmission chain is shortened, the overhanging quantity of the cutter on the first upright 2 along the first axis A is reduced, the overall rigidity and stability are improved, the problems of vibration and the like in the machining process are avoided, and the machining precision and the service life of the cutter are ensured.
When the first column 2 slides along the first slide 11 and the second column 3 slides along the second slide 12, the entire column is moved, and not the workpiece is moved on the column or the mount 4 is moved on the column, so that the movement stability can be further improved.
In this embodiment, the first upright 2 slides along the first slide 11, the second upright 3 slides along the second slide 12, and the mounting table 4 slides along the third slide 21, which may be driven by a servo motor and a screw assembly, or may be driven by a servo motor and a gear 91, a rack assembly, a cylinder, and a hydraulic cylinder, which are not limited herein. The sliding amounts of the upright posts along the X axis, the Y axis and the Z axis can be controlled in a numerical control manner according to actual conditions and programming, and the numerical control method is well known to those skilled in the art, and is not repeated herein for saving the space.
In addition, the structure of each slideway is not limited in this embodiment, for example, the slideway may be a chute or a slide rail, and the upright post and the mounting table 4 are correspondingly provided with a sliding member capable of sliding along the chute or the slide rail, and the sliding member may be a sliding block or a pulley.
As shown in fig. 2, the mounting table 4 is further provided with an auxiliary support 41, and the auxiliary support 41 is used for supporting one end of the grinding wheel shaft 513 away from the grinding wheel driving member 512, that is, the grinding wheel driving member 512 drives the grinding wheel shaft 513 from one end to drive the grinding wheel 511 to rotate, and the auxiliary support 41 can provide support for the grinding wheel shaft 513 from the other end so as to ensure the stability of the grinding wheel shaft 513, further ensure the stability of the grinding wheel 511 and improve the machining precision and the surface quality.
The two ends of the grinding wheel shaft 513 are further provided with quick-change structures 42 respectively, one of the two groups of quick-change structures 42 is arranged on the grinding wheel driving member 512, the other group of quick-change structures 42 is arranged on the auxiliary support 41, and the specific structure of the quick-change structure 42 is not limited, so that the quick-disassembly operation of the grinding wheel shaft 513 can be realized by the two groups of quick-change structures 42, and convenience is improved.
Of course, in this embodiment, an auxiliary support may be disposed at an end of the hob shaft 523 away from the hob driving member 522, and the end portions of the hob shaft 523 may be respectively provided with a quick-change structure, which may be specifically set according to actual requirements.
The grinding wheel assembly 51 further comprises an on-line dynamic balancing device 514 for providing dynamic balance compensation for the rotation of the grinding wheel 511, so as to further ensure the stability of the grinding wheel 511 and improve the machining precision and the surface quality. In particular, in the present embodiment, the specific structure of the on-line dynamic balancing device 514 is not limited, and how to ensure the stability of the grinding wheel 511 by providing the on-line dynamic balancing device 514 is a well known technology of those skilled in the art, and is not described herein again for saving space.
In order to ensure machining accuracy, the worm wheel gear grinding machine further includes a dressing device 7, as shown in fig. 3, the dressing device 7 including a dressing wheel 71 and a dressing drive 72, the dressing wheel 71 being rotatable about a dressing axis B1 thereof by the drive of the dressing drive 72 and dressing the grinding wheel 511. Before machining the gear 91, the grinding wheel 511 is subjected to a dressing operation by the dressing wheel 71, and the grinding wheel 511 is subjected to dressing forming and then is subjected to tool setting with the gear 91 to be ground, so that machining accuracy is ensured.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1 and 3, the dressing device 7 is disposed on the second upright 3, and on the second upright 3, the position of the dressing device 7 along the Z-axis direction on the second upright 3 is unchanged, and the dressing axis B1 is parallel to the third slide 21, that is, disposed along the Z-axis direction, so as to avoid interference between the grinding wheel 511 and the dressing device 7 during processing of the workpiece.
Specifically, when the dressing wheel 71 is a diamond wheel, when the dressing wheel 511 needs to be dressed, the mounting table 4 drives the grinding wheel 511 to rotate around the first axis a until the rotation axis B of the grinding wheel shaft is parallel to the dressing axis B1, the first upright 2 drives the grinding wheel 511 to slide along the first slide 11, the mounting table 4 drives the grinding wheel 511 to slide along the third slide 21 until the grinding wheel 511 moves to the position where the dressing wheel 71 is located, and then the dressing driving member 72 is started to drive the dressing wheel 71 to rotate around the dressing axis B1 and dresses the grinding wheel 511.
Of course, in this embodiment, the dressing device 7 may be provided on the machine tool 1, or the dressing device 7 may further include a driving member for driving the whole of the dressing device to move and rotate, so that the dressing device 7 can be engaged with the grinding wheel 511 without interfering with the grinding wheel assembly 51, and the dressing axis B1 may be provided in parallel with the third slide 21 while the dressing device 7 is fixedly provided on the second upright 3, so that the whole structure is simplified and the cost is reduced while the grinding wheel assembly 51 is prevented from interfering.
As shown in fig. 1 and 3, the second upright 3 is further provided with a limiting seat 8, the driving portion 61 provided on the working table 6 can drive the rotating shaft 92 and drive the gear 91 to rotate around the axis C of the rotating shaft, and the limiting seat 8 and the working table 6 can be respectively connected with the rotating shaft 92 from two ends and radially limit the rotating shaft 92.
In detail, one end of the rotating shaft 92 is connected with the workbench 6, the other end of the rotating shaft 92 is in limiting connection with the limiting seat 8, the rotating shaft 92 can rotate relative to the limiting seat 8, and the limiting seat 8 can limit the end of the rotating shaft 92 to move radially, so that vibration generated by the rotating shaft 92 in the rotating process is reduced, stability of the rotating shaft 92 and a workpiece is guaranteed, and machining precision is further guaranteed.
As shown in fig. 1, the second upright 3 is further provided with a fourth slide way 31, and the fourth slide way 31 is also disposed along the Z-axis direction, that is, the rotating shaft 92, the fourth slide way 31 and the third slide way 21 are all disposed in parallel, and the limiting seat 8 can slide along the fourth slide way 31. Specifically, when the workpiece is installed, the limiting seat 8 slides to one side far away from the workbench 6 along the fourth slide way 31, after the rotating shaft 92 is installed on the workbench 6, the rotating shaft 92 is limited towards one end of the workbench 6, then the limiting seat 8 moves to one side of the workbench 6 along the fourth slide way 31 until the limiting seat 8 is in limiting fit with the end part of the rotating shaft 92, and at this time, the workbench 6 and the limiting seat 8 can respectively limit the rotating shaft 92 from two ends. The fourth slide way 31 is arranged, so that the adjustment of the limiting seat 8 is more flexible, the limiting connection between the limiting seat 8 and the rotating shaft 92 is convenient to realize, and the rotating shafts 92 with different lengths are convenient to limit through the limiting seat 8.
Specifically, when the workpiece to be processed is a gear shaft, the shaft portion of the gear shaft forms a rotating shaft 92, and when the workpiece to be processed is a gear 91, the rotating shaft 92 may be additionally provided, and at this time, the rotating shaft 92 is a tool shaft.
As shown in fig. 3, the limit seat 8 is provided with a tip structure 81, the tip structure 81 can abut against the end of the rotating shaft 92, and the abutting position of the tip structure 81 is collinear with the axis of the rotating shaft 92. Alternatively, the limiting seat 8 may be abutted against the end of the rotating shaft 92 by a rotating member, and the rotating member may rotate along with the rotating shaft 92, and when the limiting seat 8 abuts against the rotating shaft 92 by the tip structure 81, the overall structure may be simplified and the cost may be reduced.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present application and it should be noted that modifications and adaptations to those skilled in the art may be made without departing from the principles of the present application and are intended to be comprehended within the scope of the present application.
Claims (7)
1. The worm grinding wheel gear grinding machine is characterized by comprising a machine tool (1), a first upright (2) and a second upright (3) which are arranged on the machine tool (1), wherein the first upright (2) is provided with a processing assembly (5), and the second upright (3) is used for mounting a gear (91) to be processed;
the processing assembly (5) comprises a grinding wheel assembly (51) and a hob assembly (52), the hob assembly (52) comprises a hob driving part (522), a hob shaft (523) and a hob (521), the hob driving part (522) can drive the hob (521) to rotate around the hob shaft (523) and roughen the gear (91), the grinding wheel assembly (51) comprises a grinding wheel driving part (512), a grinding wheel shaft (513) and a grinding wheel (511), the grinding wheel driving part (512) can drive the grinding wheel (511) to rotate around the grinding wheel shaft (513) and finish the gear (91), and the hob (521) and the grinding wheel (511) respectively have the same rack cutting edge;
the grinding wheel assembly (51) further comprises an on-line dynamic balancing device (514) for providing dynamic balance compensation for rotation of the grinding wheel (511);
the second upright (3) is further provided with a dressing device (7), the dressing device (7) comprises a dressing wheel (71) and a dressing driving piece (72), and the dressing driving piece (72) is used for driving the dressing wheel (71) to rotate around a dressing axis (B1) and dressing the grinding wheel (511);
the trimming device (7) is fixed with the second upright (3), and the trimming axis (B1) is parallel to a third slideway (21) arranged on the first upright (2).
2. Worm grinding wheel gear grinding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the machine tool (1) is provided with a first slide (11) and a second slide (12), the first upright (2) being slidable along the first slide (11), the second upright (3) being slidable along the second slide (12);
the first upright (2) is provided with a mounting table (4), the machining assembly (5) is mounted on the mounting table (4), the mounting table (4) can slide along the third slideway (21) and rotate around a first axis (A) relative to the first upright (2), and the first axis (A) is perpendicular to the third slideway (21);
the second upright post (3) is provided with a workbench (6), the workbench (6) is provided with a gear (91) and a rotating shaft (92) parallel to the third slideway (21), the gear (91) and the rotating shaft (92) are coaxial and relatively fixed, and the workbench (6) can drive the rotating shaft (92) to drive the gear (91) to rotate;
the first slideway (11), the second slideway (12) and the third slideway (21) are mutually perpendicular.
3. Worm grinding wheel gear grinding machine according to claim 2, characterized in that the mounting table (4) is further provided with an auxiliary support (41), which auxiliary support (41) is used for supporting the end of the grinding wheel spindle (513) remote from the grinding wheel drive (512).
4. A worm grinding wheel gear grinding machine according to claim 3, characterized in that the grinding wheel driving member (512) and the auxiliary support (41) are respectively provided with a quick change structure (42), and both ends of the grinding wheel shaft (513) are respectively connected with the quick change structure (42).
5. Worm grinding wheel gear grinding machine according to any one of claims 2-4, characterized in that the second upright (3) is further provided with a limiting seat (8), which limiting seat (8) is capable of radially limiting the end of the rotating shaft (92) remote from the table (6).
6. The worm grinding wheel gear grinding machine according to claim 5, characterized in that the second upright (3) is further provided with a fourth slide (31) parallel to the rotating shaft (92), and the limit seat (8) can slide along the fourth slide (31) to limit fit with the end of the rotating shaft (92).
7. Worm grinding wheel gear grinding machine according to claim 5, characterized in that the limit seat (8) is provided with a tip structure (81), which tip structure (81) can abut the end of the rotating shaft (92) along an axis.
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| CN202210703926.1A CN114850584B (en) | 2022-06-21 | 2022-06-21 | Worm grinding wheel gear grinding machine |
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| CN202210703926.1A CN114850584B (en) | 2022-06-21 | 2022-06-21 | Worm grinding wheel gear grinding machine |
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