CN114837760A - Efficient hydrogen production and power generation coupling system based on small-sized villiaumite cooling high-temperature reactor - Google Patents
Efficient hydrogen production and power generation coupling system based on small-sized villiaumite cooling high-temperature reactor Download PDFInfo
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- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 93
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 93
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 93
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- PUZPDOWCWNUUKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium fluoride Chemical compound [F-].[Na+] PUZPDOWCWNUUKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 98
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical class F* 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 38
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 31
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005482 strain hardening Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019640 taste Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract 2
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008236 heating water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F01K11/00—Plants characterised by the engines being structurally combined with boilers or condensers
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- C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
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- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
- C25B1/01—Products
- C25B1/02—Hydrogen or oxygen
- C25B1/04—Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
- C25B1/042—Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water by electrolysis of steam
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- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D15/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
- F01D15/10—Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, electric generators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-efficiency hydrogen production and power generation coupling system based on a small-sized villaumite cooling high-temperature reactor, which comprises a coupling system of the small-sized villaumite cooling high-temperature reactor, a solid oxide electrolytic cell hydrogen production system and a supercritical carbon dioxide power generation system. The small-sized fluorine salt cooling high-temperature reactor is used as a system heat source to provide high-temperature fluorine salt at 700 ℃; the solid oxide electrolytic cell hydrogen production system utilizes 700 ℃ high-temperature preheated gas and simultaneously preserves the temperature of the electric pile, thereby realizing high-efficiency hydrogen production; the supercritical carbon dioxide system is beneficial to heating carbon dioxide by waste heat of hydrogen production exhaust, improves the power generation efficiency, can flexibly adjust the power generation and hydrogen production proportion by utilizing the split ratio, and adapts to the quick variable working condition of the power generation system. The invention provides a high-efficiency coupling scheme of high-temperature hydrogen production and power generation by using a small-sized villiaumite cooling high-temperature reactor as a heat source, and is beneficial to promoting the development of a novel energy conversion system in China.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of design of novel multipurpose energy conversion systems, and particularly relates to a high-efficiency hydrogen production and power generation coupling system based on a small-sized villiaumite cooling high-temperature reactor.
Background
The villiaumite cooling high-temperature reactor has the characteristics of high-temperature operation, inherent safety, compact structure and the like, can reach the high temperature of 700 ℃, and is suitable for high-temperature power generation and high-temperature processes. The supercritical carbon dioxide power generation system has the characteristics of high efficiency, good adaptability, compact structure and the like as a novel energy conversion system, and can be coupled with a villiaumite cooling high-temperature reactor to form a high-efficiency power generation system. The high-temperature hydrogen production system of the solid oxide electrolytic cell can realize high-efficiency, environment-friendly and green hydrogen production, and is the most promising hydrogen production mode for large-scale application at present.
However, the current research aiming at the three is relatively independent, the hydrogen production of the solid oxide needs a high-temperature heat source and high-temperature gas at 700 ℃, the condition is difficult to achieve in a common industrial system, the temperature of the villaumite pile can reach 700 ℃, and the two are very fit; in addition, the variable load of the small-sized villiaumite cooling high-temperature reactor coupled supercritical carbon dioxide power generation system needs the flow and temperature regulation and control of the reactor side, and the safe and stable operation of the reactor side is not facilitated.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a high-efficiency hydrogen production and power generation coupling system based on a small-sized villiaumite cooling high-temperature reactor, which takes the villiaumite cooling high-temperature reactor as a heat source and simultaneously couples a supercritical carbon dioxide power generation system and a solid oxide electrolytic cell hydrogen production system; in the hydrogen production system of the solid oxide electrolytic cell, high-temperature villiaumite is used for preserving heat of a galvanic pile and heating water and nitrogen, and meanwhile, high-temperature exhaust of the galvanic pile is used for preheating the water and the nitrogen; the medium-temperature exhaust gas is effectively utilized in the supercritical carbon dioxide power generation system to preheat carbon dioxide, so that the power generation efficiency of the system is improved; in addition, the generating capacity and the hydrogen production ratio are regulated and controlled through the opening of the flow divider valve, so that safer and more stable variable load control of the power generation system can be realized.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a high-efficiency hydrogen production and power generation coupling system based on a small-sized villaumite cooling high-temperature reactor comprises the small-sized villaumite cooling high-temperature reactor, a supercritical carbon dioxide power generation system and a solid oxide electrolytic cell hydrogen production system; the high-temperature villiaumite of the fused salt heat exchanger 2 in the small-sized villiaumite cooling high-temperature reactor is used for heating high-temperature gas required by hydrogen production and preserving heat for the galvanic pile, and is also used for heating high-temperature high-pressure supercritical carbon dioxide required by power generation, and the proportion of the generated energy and the hydrogen production quantity is controlled by the shunt valve 14, so that the reactor side control is not needed when the power generation system operates under variable working conditions; the waste heat of the gas at the outlet of the hydrogen production system of the solid oxide electrolytic cell is firstly used for preheating the gas entering the galvanic pile, and the exhaust gas is used for preheating the supercritical carbon dioxide, so that the heat with different tastes is fully utilized, and the overall efficiency of the system is improved;
the small-sized villiaumite cooled high-temperature reactor comprises a small-sized villiaumite cooled high-temperature reactor core 1, a molten salt heat exchanger 2 and a diverter valve 14;
the solid oxide electrolytic cell hydrogen production system comprises a low-temperature gas preheater 4, a high-temperature gas preheater 5, an electric pile 6, a precooler 9 and a hydrogen container 13;
the supercritical carbon dioxide power generation system comprises a precooler 9, a main compressor 10, a recompressor 11, a low-temperature heat regenerator 8, a high-temperature heat regenerator 7 and molten salt-CO 2 A heat exchanger 3 and a turbine 12;
the working medium inlet of the reactor core 1 of the small-sized fluorine salt cooling high-temperature reactor is communicated with the working medium outlet at the hot side of the molten salt heat exchanger 2, and the working medium outlet of the reactor core 1 of the small-sized fluorine salt cooling high-temperature reactor is communicated with the working medium inlet at the hot side of the molten salt heat exchanger 2; the cold side working medium inlet of the molten salt heat exchanger 2 and the molten salt-CO are simultaneously connected 2 Working medium outlet at hot side of heat exchanger 3 and working medium outlet at hot side of high-temperature gas preheater 5Connected with the electric pile 6, a cold side working medium outlet of the molten salt heat exchanger 2 is simultaneously connected with the molten salt-CO through a diverter valve 14 2 A working medium inlet at the hot side of the heat exchanger 3 and a working medium inlet at the hot side of the high-temperature gas preheater 5 are connected with the electric pile 6;
the outlet of the cold side of the low-temperature gas preheater 4 is connected with the inlet of the cold side of the high-temperature gas preheater 5, the outlet of the nitrogen side of the high-temperature gas preheater 5 is connected with the inlet of the cathode of the galvanic pile 6, the outlet of the steam side is connected with the inlet of the anode of the galvanic pile 6, the outlet of the anode and the outlet of the cathode of the galvanic pile 6 are connected with the inlet of the working medium at the hot side of the low-temperature gas preheater 4, the outlet of the hydrogen side of the low-temperature gas preheater 4 is connected with the inlet of the hydrogen side of the low-temperature heat regenerator 8, the outlet of the hydrogen side of the low-temperature heat regenerator 8 is connected with the inlet of the hydrogen side of the precooler 9, and the outlet of the hydrogen side of the precooler 9 is connected with the hydrogen container 13;
the hot side working medium inlet of the high-temperature heat regenerator 7 is connected with the outlet of the turbine 12, the hot side working medium outlet of the high-temperature heat regenerator 7 is connected with the hot side working medium inlet of the low-temperature heat regenerator 8, the cold side working medium inlet of the high-temperature heat regenerator 7 is simultaneously connected with the cold side working medium outlet of the low-temperature heat regenerator 8 and the outlet of the recompressor 11, and the cold side working medium outlet of the high-temperature heat regenerator 7 is connected with fused salt-CO 2 The cold working medium inlet of the heat exchanger 3 is connected with molten salt-CO 2 A cold side working medium outlet of the heat exchanger 3 is connected with an inlet of the turbine 12;
the cold side working medium inlet of the low-temperature heat regenerator 8 is connected with the outlet of the main compressor 10, the hot side working medium outlet of the low-temperature heat regenerator 8 is simultaneously connected with the inlet of the precooler 9 and the inlet of the recompressor 11, and the outlet of the precooler 9 is connected with the inlet of the main compressor 10.
A high-efficient hydrogen manufacturing and electricity generation coupled system based on small-size villiaumite cooling high temperature heap, nitrogen and water let in respectively 4 cold side entries of low temperature gas preheater heat through 6 high temperature exhaust heating of galvanic pile, reentrant high temperature gas preheater 5 heats through hot side villiaumite and becomes high temperature nitrogen and aqueous vapor, let in 6 negative pole and positive pole of galvanic pile respectively, 6 positive pole exports of galvanic pile are high temperature hydrogen after electrolysis hydrogen manufacturing, the negative pole export is high temperature nitrogen gas and oxygen mixture, high temperature gas lets in 4 hot sides of low temperature gas preheater respectively again and utilizes waste heat heating galvanic pile 6 entry gas, the nitrogen gas and the oxygen mixture of 4 exports of low temperature gas preheater directly discharge, the hydrogen of export lets in 8 preheat carbon dioxide of low temperature regenerator, reentrant precooler 9 cools off and then gets into hydrogen container 13 and stores.
According to the efficient hydrogen production and power generation coupling system based on the small-sized villiaumite cooled high-temperature reactor, high-temperature FLiBe enters a molten salt heat exchanger 2 hot side from an outlet of a reactor core 1 of the small-sized villiaumite cooled high-temperature reactor to heat low-temperature FLiNaK, and low-temperature FLiBe enters the small-sized villiaumite cooled high-temperature reactor core 1 from an outlet of a cold side of the molten salt heat exchanger 2 to circulate; the heated high-temperature FLiNaK enters the diverter valve 14 from the outlet of the cold side of the molten salt heat exchanger 2, the flow of the high-temperature FLiNaK entering the supercritical carbon dioxide power generation system and the solid oxide electrolytic cell hydrogen production system is changed by adjusting the opening of the diverter valve 14, the hydrogen production quantity is controlled by matching the change of the flow of water and nitrogen in the solid oxide electrolytic cell hydrogen production system, the power generation quantity is controlled by matching the change of the flow of carbon dioxide in the supercritical carbon dioxide power generation system, and the control of the reactor core side is not needed.
According to the efficient hydrogen production and power generation coupling system based on the small-sized villiaumite cooling high-temperature reactor, supercritical carbon dioxide is boosted in a main compressor 10 and sequentially passes through a low-temperature heat regenerator 8, a high-temperature heat regenerator 7 and molten salt-CO 2 The heat exchanger 3 absorbs heat to form high-temperature high-pressure carbon dioxide, then the high-temperature high-pressure carbon dioxide enters the turbine 12 to do work through expansion, the exhaust of the turbine 12 releases heat in the high-temperature heat regenerator 7 and the low-temperature heat regenerator 8 in sequence and then is divided, one of the high-temperature high-pressure carbon dioxide is boosted by the recompressor 11 and then is converged into a cold-side working medium inlet of the high-temperature heat regenerator 7, and the other of the high-temperature high-pressure carbon dioxide is cooled in the precooler 9 and then enters the main compressor 10 to complete closed circulation.
According to the efficient hydrogen production and power generation coupling system based on the small-sized villiaumite cooling high-temperature reactor, the temperature of the outlet of the cold side of the molten salt heat exchanger 2 is 700 ℃, and the temperature of the inlet of the cold side is 600 ℃; the stack 6 needs to be maintained at 700 c with the inlet gas maintained at 700 c.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
the invention adopts the small-sized villiaumite cooling high-temperature reactor as the heat source of the supercritical carbon dioxide power generation system and the hydrogen production system, and combines the advantages of compact structure, safety and reliability of the three systems to realize the deep coupling of the multipurpose multi-level novel energy conversion system.
2 the invention adopts the shunt valve to adjust and control the proportion of the hydrogen quantity and the generated energy, and can realize the rapid, flexible, safe and stable load change of the power generation system on the premise of not needing the pile side control.
3, the invention adopts the carbon dioxide preheater, utilizes the medium-temperature exhaust of the hydrogen production system to preheat the supercritical carbon dioxide, effectively utilizes the waste heat and improves the cycle efficiency of the power generation system.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a supercritical carbon dioxide energy conversion system coupled to a small-scale villiaumite-cooled high temperature reactor according to the present invention.
In the figure: 1 is a small-sized villaumite cooled high-temperature reactor core, 2 is a fused salt heat exchanger, and 3 is fused salt-CO 2 The heat exchanger, 4 is low-temperature gas preheater, 5 is high-temperature gas preheater, 6 is electric pile, 7 is high-temperature regenerator, 8 is low-temperature regenerator, 9 is precooler, 10 is main compressor, 11 is recompressor, 12 is turbine, 13 is hydrogen container, 14 is flow divider.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1, the efficient hydrogen production and power generation coupling system based on the small-sized villiaumite cooling high-temperature reactor comprises a small-sized villiaumite cooling high-temperature reactor, a supercritical carbon dioxide power generation system and a solid oxide electrolytic cell hydrogen production system; the high-temperature villiaumite of the fused salt heat exchanger 2 in the small-sized villiaumite cooling high-temperature reactor is used for heating high-temperature gas required by hydrogen production and preserving heat for the galvanic pile, and is also used for heating high-temperature high-pressure supercritical carbon dioxide required by power generation, and the proportion of the generated energy and the hydrogen production quantity is controlled by the shunt valve 14, so that the reactor side control is not needed when the power generation system operates under variable working conditions, and the control difficulty of the power generation power is greatly reduced; the waste heat of the gas at the outlet of the hydrogen production system of the solid oxide electrolytic cell is firstly used for preheating the gas entering the galvanic pile, and the exhaust gas is used for preheating the supercritical carbon dioxide, so that the waste heat of hydrogen production is effectively utilized, the heat with different tastes is fully utilized, and the overall efficiency of the system is improved.
The small-sized villiaumite cooling high-temperature reactorThe reactor core cooling system comprises a small-sized fluorine salt cooling high-temperature reactor core 1, a molten salt heat exchanger 2 and a diverter valve 14; the solid oxide electrolytic cell hydrogen production system comprises a low-temperature gas preheater 4, a high-temperature gas preheater 5, an electric pile 6, a precooler 9 and a hydrogen container 13; the supercritical carbon dioxide power generation system comprises a precooler 9, a main compressor 10, a recompressor 11, a low-temperature heat regenerator 8, a high-temperature heat regenerator 7 and molten salt-CO 2 A heat exchanger 3 and a turbine 12;
the concrete connection relationship among each part of the system is as follows: the working medium inlet of the reactor core 1 of the small-sized fluorine salt cooled high-temperature reactor is communicated with the working medium outlet at the hot side of the molten salt heat exchanger 2, and the working medium outlet of the reactor core 1 of the small-sized fluorine salt cooled high-temperature reactor is communicated with the working medium inlet at the hot side of the molten salt heat exchanger 2; the cold side working medium inlet of the molten salt heat exchanger 2 and the molten salt-CO are simultaneously connected 2 The working medium outlet at the hot side of the heat exchanger 3, the working medium outlet at the hot side of the high-temperature gas preheater 5 and the electric pile 6 are connected, and the working medium outlet at the cold side of the molten salt heat exchanger 2 is simultaneously connected with the molten salt-CO through the diverter valve 14 2 A working medium inlet at the hot side of the heat exchanger 3 and a working medium inlet at the hot side of the high-temperature gas preheater 5 are connected with the electric pile 6; the outlet of the cold side of the low-temperature gas preheater 4 is connected with the inlet of the cold side of the high-temperature gas preheater 5, the outlet of the nitrogen side of the high-temperature gas preheater 5 is connected with the inlet of the cathode of the galvanic pile 6, the outlet of the steam side is connected with the inlet of the anode of the galvanic pile 6, the outlet of the anode and the outlet of the cathode of the galvanic pile 6 are connected with the inlet of the working medium at the hot side of the low-temperature gas preheater 4, the outlet of the hydrogen side of the low-temperature gas preheater 4 is connected with the inlet of the hydrogen side of the low-temperature heat regenerator 8, the outlet of the hydrogen side of the low-temperature heat regenerator 8 is connected with the inlet of the hydrogen side of the precooler 9, and the outlet of the hydrogen side of the precooler 9 is connected with the hydrogen container 13; the hot side working medium inlet of the high-temperature heat regenerator 7 is connected with the outlet of the turbine 12, the hot side working medium outlet of the high-temperature heat regenerator 7 is connected with the hot side working medium inlet of the low-temperature heat regenerator 8, the cold side working medium inlet of the high-temperature heat regenerator 7 is simultaneously connected with the cold side working medium outlet of the low-temperature heat regenerator 8 and the outlet of the recompressor 11, and the cold side working medium outlet of the high-temperature heat regenerator 7 is connected with fused salt-CO 2 The cold working medium inlet of the heat exchanger 3 is connected with molten salt-CO 2 A cold side working medium outlet of the heat exchanger 3 is connected with an inlet of the turbine 12; the cold side working medium inlet of the low-temperature heat regenerator 8 is connected with the outlet of the main compressor 10, and the hot side working medium outlet of the low-temperature heat regenerator 8 is simultaneously connected with the inlet of the precooler 9 and the recompressionThe inlet of the machine 11 is connected, and the outlet of the precooler 9 is connected with the inlet of the main compressor 10.
The working method of the efficient hydrogen production and power generation coupling system based on the small-sized villiaumite cooling high-temperature reactor comprises the following steps: nitrogen and water are respectively introduced into a cold side inlet of the low-temperature gas preheater 4 and heated by high-temperature exhaust of the electric pile 6, then enter the high-temperature gas preheater 5 and heated by hot-side fluorine salt to form high-temperature nitrogen and water vapor, respectively introduced into a cathode and an anode of the electric pile 6, hydrogen is produced by electrolysis at an anode outlet of the electric pile 6, high-temperature hydrogen is produced at a cathode outlet, a mixture of the high-temperature nitrogen and the oxygen is produced at a cathode outlet, and the high-temperature gas is respectively introduced into a hot side of the low-temperature gas preheater 4 to heat inlet gas of the electric pile 6 by utilizing waste heat, so that the power generation efficiency is improved; the mixture of nitrogen and oxygen at the outlet of the low-temperature gas preheater 4 is directly discharged, and the hydrogen at the outlet is introduced into the low-temperature heat regenerator 8 to preheat carbon dioxide, and then enters the hydrogen container 13 for storage after entering the precooler 9 for cooling.
The high-temperature FLiBe enters the hot side of the molten salt heat exchanger 2 from the outlet of the small-sized villiaumite cooled high-temperature reactor core 1 to heat the low-temperature FLiNaK, and the low-temperature FLiBe enters the small-sized villiaumite cooled high-temperature reactor core 1 from the outlet of the cold side of the molten salt heat exchanger 2 to circulate; the heated high-temperature FLiNaK enters the diverter valve 14 from the outlet of the cold side of the molten salt heat exchanger 2, the flow of the high-temperature FLiNaK entering the supercritical carbon dioxide power generation system and the solid oxide electrolytic cell hydrogen production system is changed by adjusting the opening of the diverter valve 14, the hydrogen production quantity is controlled by matching the change of the flow of water and nitrogen in the solid oxide electrolytic cell hydrogen production system, the power generation quantity is controlled by matching the change of the flow of carbon dioxide in the supercritical carbon dioxide power generation system, the control of the reactor core side is not needed, and the control method of the whole power generation system is simplified.
The supercritical carbon dioxide is boosted in a main compressor 10 and sequentially passes through a low-temperature heat regenerator 8, a high-temperature heat regenerator 7 and molten salt-CO 2 The heat is absorbed in the heat exchanger 3 to become high-temperature high-pressure carbon dioxide, then the high-temperature high-pressure carbon dioxide enters the turbine 12 to do work through expansion, the exhaust of the turbine 12 is split after heat release in the high-temperature heat regenerator 7 and the low-temperature heat regenerator 8 in sequence, one stream is boosted by the recompressor 11 and then converged into a cold side working medium inlet of the high-temperature heat regenerator 7, the other stream is cooled in the precooler 9 and then enters the main compressor 10, and the operation is finishedForming a closed cycle.
As a preferred embodiment of the invention, the molten salt heat exchanger 2 has a cold side outlet temperature of 700 ℃ and a cold side inlet temperature of 600 ℃; the stack 6 needs to be maintained at 700 c with the inlet gas maintained at 700 c.
Claims (5)
1. A high-efficiency hydrogen production and power generation coupling system based on a small-sized villaumite cooling high-temperature reactor is characterized by comprising a small-sized villaumite cooling high-temperature reactor, a supercritical carbon dioxide power generation system and a solid oxide electrolytic cell hydrogen production system; the high-temperature villiaumite of the fused salt heat exchanger (2) in the small-sized villiaumite cooling high-temperature reactor is used for heating high-temperature gas required by hydrogen production and preserving heat for the galvanic pile, and is also used for heating high-temperature high-pressure supercritical carbon dioxide required by power generation, and the proportion of the generated energy and the hydrogen production quantity is controlled by the shunt valve (14), so that the reactor side control is not required when the power generation system operates under variable working conditions; the waste heat of the gas at the outlet of the hydrogen production system of the solid oxide electrolytic cell is firstly used for preheating the gas entering the galvanic pile, and the exhaust gas is used for preheating the supercritical carbon dioxide, so that the heat with different tastes is fully utilized, and the overall efficiency of the system is improved;
the small-sized villaumite-cooled high-temperature reactor comprises a small-sized villaumite-cooled high-temperature reactor core (1), a molten salt heat exchanger (2) and a shunt valve (14);
the hydrogen production system of the solid oxide electrolytic cell comprises a low-temperature gas preheater (4), a high-temperature gas preheater (5), a galvanic pile (6), a precooler (9) and a hydrogen container (13);
the supercritical carbon dioxide power generation system comprises a precooler (9), a main compressor (10), a recompressor (11), a low-temperature heat regenerator (8), a high-temperature heat regenerator (7), and molten salt-CO 2 A heat exchanger (3) and a turbine (12);
the working medium inlet of the reactor core (1) of the small-sized fluorine salt cooling high-temperature reactor is communicated with the working medium outlet at the hot side of the molten salt heat exchanger (2), and the working medium outlet of the reactor core (1) of the small-sized fluorine salt cooling high-temperature reactor is communicated with the working medium inlet at the hot side of the molten salt heat exchanger (2); the cold side working medium inlet of the fused salt heat exchanger (2) is simultaneously connected with the fused salt-CO 2 The hot side working medium outlet of the heat exchanger (3), the hot side working medium outlet of the high-temperature gas preheater (5) and the electric pile (6) are connected, and fused salt is formedThe cold side working medium outlet of the heat exchanger (2) is simultaneously connected with the fused salt-CO through a diverter valve (14) 2 A hot side working medium inlet of the heat exchanger (3), a hot side working medium inlet of the high-temperature gas preheater (5) and the electric pile (6) are connected;
the cold side outlet of the low-temperature gas preheater (4) is connected with the cold side inlet of the high-temperature gas preheater (5), the nitrogen side outlet of the high-temperature gas preheater (5) is connected with the cathode inlet of the electric pile (6), the water vapor side outlet is connected with the anode inlet of the electric pile (6), the anode outlet and the cathode outlet of the electric pile (6) are connected with the hot side working medium inlet of the low-temperature gas preheater (4), the hydrogen side outlet of the low-temperature gas preheater (4) is connected with the hydrogen side inlet of the low-temperature heat regenerator (8), the hydrogen side outlet of the low-temperature heat regenerator (8) is connected with the hydrogen side inlet of the precooler (9), and the hydrogen side outlet of the precooler (9) is connected with the hydrogen container (13);
the hot side working medium inlet of the high-temperature heat regenerator (7) is connected with the outlet of the turbine (12), the hot side working medium outlet of the high-temperature heat regenerator (7) is connected with the hot side working medium inlet of the low-temperature heat regenerator (8), the cold side working medium inlet of the high-temperature heat regenerator (7) is simultaneously connected with the cold side working medium outlet of the low-temperature heat regenerator (8) and the outlet of the recompression machine (11), and the cold side working medium outlet of the high-temperature heat regenerator (7) is connected with the fused salt-CO working medium outlet 2 The cold working medium inlet of the heat exchanger (3) is connected with molten salt-CO 2 A cold side working medium outlet of the heat exchanger (3) is connected with an inlet of the turbine (12);
the cold side working medium inlet of the low-temperature heat regenerator (8) is connected with the outlet of the main compressor (10), the hot side working medium outlet of the low-temperature heat regenerator (8) is simultaneously connected with the inlet of the precooler (9) and the inlet of the secondary compressor (11), and the outlet of the precooler (9) is connected with the inlet of the main compressor (10).
2. The efficient hydrogen production and power generation coupled system based on the small-sized villiaumite-cooled high-temperature reactor as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: nitrogen and water are respectively introduced into a cold side inlet of the low-temperature gas preheater (4) and are heated through high-temperature exhaust of the electric pile (6), then the low-temperature gas preheater (5) is heated through hot-side fluorine salt to form high-temperature nitrogen and water vapor, a cathode and an anode of the electric pile (6) are respectively introduced, high-temperature hydrogen is discharged from an anode outlet of the electric pile (6) after hydrogen production through electrolysis, a cathode outlet is a high-temperature nitrogen and oxygen mixture, the high-temperature gas is respectively introduced into a hot side of the low-temperature gas preheater (4) to heat inlet gas of the electric pile (6) by utilizing waste heat, the nitrogen and oxygen mixture at an outlet of the low-temperature gas preheater (4) is directly discharged, the hydrogen at the outlet is introduced into the low-temperature heat regenerator (8) to preheat carbon dioxide, and then the hydrogen enters a hydrogen container (13) to be stored after being cooled in the precooler (9).
3. The efficient hydrogen production and power generation coupled system based on the small-sized villiaumite-cooled high-temperature reactor as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the high-temperature FLiBe enters the hot side of the molten salt heat exchanger (2) from the outlet of the small-sized villiaumite cooled high-temperature reactor core (1) to heat the low-temperature FLiNaK, and the low-temperature FLiBe enters the small-sized villiaumite cooled high-temperature reactor core (1) from the outlet of the cold side of the molten salt heat exchanger (2) to circulate; the heated high-temperature FLiNaK enters a diverter valve (14) from a cold side outlet of a molten salt heat exchanger (2), the flow of the high-temperature FLiNaK entering a supercritical carbon dioxide power generation system and a solid oxide electrolytic cell hydrogen production system is changed by adjusting the opening of the diverter valve (14), the hydrogen production quantity is controlled by matching with the change of the flow of water and nitrogen in the solid oxide electrolytic cell hydrogen production system, the power generation quantity is controlled by matching with the change of the flow of carbon dioxide in the supercritical carbon dioxide power generation system, and the control of a reactor core side is not needed.
4. The efficient hydrogen production and power generation coupled system based on the small-sized villiaumite-cooled high-temperature reactor as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the supercritical carbon dioxide is boosted in a main compressor (10) and sequentially subjected to a low-temperature heat regenerator (8), a high-temperature heat regenerator (7) and molten salt-CO 2 The heat exchanger (3) absorbs heat to form high-temperature high-pressure carbon dioxide, then the high-temperature high-pressure carbon dioxide enters the turbine (12) to expand and do work, the exhaust of the turbine (12) is divided after heat release in the high-temperature heat regenerator (7) and the low-temperature heat regenerator (8) in sequence, one of the high-temperature high-pressure carbon dioxide is subjected to pressure increase by the second compressor (11) and then converges into a cold side working medium inlet of the high-temperature heat regenerator (7), and the other one of the high-temperature high-pressure carbon dioxide enters the main compressor (10) after being cooled in the precooler (9) to complete closed cycle.
5. The efficient hydrogen production and power generation coupled system based on the small-sized villiaumite-cooled high-temperature reactor as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the temperature of a cold side outlet of the molten salt heat exchanger (2) is 700 ℃, and the temperature of a cold side inlet is 600 ℃; the stack (6) needs to be maintained at 700 ℃ with the inlet gas maintained at 700 ℃.
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