CN210123782U - Supercritical CO2Bottom circulation natural gas fuel cell power generation system - Google Patents
Supercritical CO2Bottom circulation natural gas fuel cell power generation system Download PDFInfo
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- CN210123782U CN210123782U CN201821886895.3U CN201821886895U CN210123782U CN 210123782 U CN210123782 U CN 210123782U CN 201821886895 U CN201821886895 U CN 201821886895U CN 210123782 U CN210123782 U CN 210123782U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a pair of supercritical CO2The natural gas fuel cell power generation system with bottom circulation comprises a fuel reformer, a fuel cell, a cathode air compressor, an anode heat regenerator, a feeding cathode heat regenerator, an air turbine, a compressor, a waste heat boiler, a pure oxygen combustor, a heat regenerator, CO2Cooling the pressurizing device and the steam turbine; the structure further improves the power generation efficiency on the basis of high-efficiency power generation of the fuel cell; meanwhile, the supercritical carbon dioxide circulating power generation system is adopted in the bottom circulation, so that the system is simple, and the equipment volume is greatly reduced; the system simultaneously considers CO2CO capture function, and can realize coal-electricity power generation with high efficiency and low cost2And (5) emission reduction.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of the natural gas electricity generation, concretely relates to natural gas fuel cell electricity generation and supercritical CO2And (4) circulating a power generation system.
Background
The fuel cell power generation system can continuously and directly convert chemical energy in fuel and oxidant into electric energy through electrochemical reaction, the energy conversion efficiency is not limited by Carnot cycle efficiency, the power generation efficiency can be greatly improved, and near zero emission of pollutants and carbon dioxide is easy to realize; the fuel cell has no rotating moving part, so that the fuel cell has small mechanical loss, low noise, high response speed to load change, small fluctuation of generating efficiency in the process of changing load and good power supply stability. In addition, the fuel cell has the characteristics of small volume, simple structure and convenient maintenance.
The supercritical carbon dioxide circulating power generation system is a novel power generation technology, and is a Brayton circulating system which takes carbon dioxide in a supercritical state as a working medium, and the circulating process is as follows: firstly, boosting the pressure of supercritical carbon dioxide by a compressor; then, isobaric heating is carried out on the working medium by using a heat exchanger; secondly, the working medium enters a thermal turbine to push the turbine to do work, and the turbine drives a motor to generate power; and finally, the working medium enters a cooler, returns to an initial state, and then enters the compressor to form closed circulation. The supercritical carbon dioxide power generation system has the inherent advantages of high energy density, high heat transfer efficiency, simple system and the like, can greatly improve the heat-work conversion efficiency, reduces the equipment volume, and has very high economical efficiency and application prospect.
The main components of tail gas in a natural gas fuel cell power generation system are CO and H2And unconverted CH4The tail gas heat recovery device has a high heat value, generally adopts a pure oxygen combustion mode, and uses equipment such as a gas turbine, a waste heat boiler and the like to utilize the tail gas heat in a gradient manner. The bottom cycle efficiency of this conventional utilization is low. If supercritical CO is used2The power generation efficiency is further improved by recycling power generation and utilizing the tail gas of the fuel cell.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model provides a pair of supercritical CO2The natural gas fuel cell power generation system with bottom circulation solves the problem that the bottom circulation efficiency is low in the existing natural gas fuel cell power generation system.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model discloses a technical scheme is:
the utility model provides a pair of supercritical CO2The bottom circulation natural gas fuel cell power generation system comprises a fuel reformer, a fuel cell, a cathode air compressor, a heat exchange device, an air turbine, a compressor, a waste heat boiler, a pure oxygen combustor and CO2Gas turbine, regenerator and CO2Cooling and pressurizing the device, wherein,
the fuel reformer is provided with inlets of natural gas and steam, an outlet of the fuel reformer is connected with an anode inlet of the fuel cell, an anode outlet of the fuel cell is connected with a hot side inlet of the heat exchange device, and the hot side outlet of the heat exchange device is connected with an inlet of the pure oxygen combustor through the compressor;
the high-temperature high-pressure gas outlet of the pure oxygen burner is connected with CO2Inlet of gas turbine, CO2A combustion tail gas outlet of the gas turbine is connected with a hot side inlet of the heat regenerator, and a hot side outlet of the heat regenerator is connected with an inlet of the waste heat boiler; meanwhile, a pure oxygen inlet of the pure oxygen combustor is connected with a pure oxygen pipeline;
the outlet of the cathode air compressor is connected with the cathode inlet of the fuel cell through the heat exchange device, the cathode outlet of the fuel cell is connected with the inlet of the air turbine, the outlet of the air turbine is connected with the inlet of the waste heat boiler, and the waste heat boiler is provided with an air outlet;
the high-temperature combustion tail gas outlet of the waste heat boiler is connected with CO2Cooling the inlet of the pressure device, CO2Supercritical CO of cooling and pressurizing device2The outlet is connected with the cold side inlet of the heat regenerator, and the cold side outlet of the heat regenerator is connected with the inlet of the pure oxygen burner.
Preferably, the outlet of the cathode air compressor is also connected with the inlet of a cryogenic air separation unit, and the outlet of the cryogenic air separation unit is connected with a pure oxygen pipeline through an oxygen compressor.
Preferably, CO is arranged between the pure oxygen combustor and the regenerator2Gas turbine, in which the high-temperature and high-pressure gas outlet of a pure oxygen burner is connected with CO2Inlet of gas turbine, CO2And a combustion tail gas outlet of the gas turbine is connected with a hot side inlet of the heat regenerator.
Preferably, CO2The cooling and pressurizing device comprises a tail gas condenser, a gas-water separator and CO2Compressor, CO2Condenser and CO2A pressure pump, wherein a combustion tail gas outlet of the waste heat boiler is connected with an inlet of a tail gas condenser, an outlet of the tail gas condenser is connected with an inlet of a gas-water separator, and a top gas outlet of the gas-water separator is sequentially connected with CO2Compressor, CO2Condenser and CO2Inlet of pressure pump, CO2The outlet of the booster pump is connected with the cold side inlet of the regenerator.
Preferably, CO2The condenser is also connected with liquid CO2And (4) storage tank.
Preferably, the bottom of the gas-water separator is provided with a condensed water outlet.
Preferably, the heat exchange device comprises an anode regenerator and a cathode regenerator, wherein an anode tail gas outlet of the fuel cell is connected with a hot side inlet of the anode regenerator, and a hot side outlet of the anode regenerator is connected with an inlet of the compressor;
the outlet of the cathode air compressor is connected with the cold side inlet of the anode regenerator, the cold side outlet of the anode regenerator is connected with the cold side inlet of the cathode regenerator, and the high-temperature high-pressure gas outlet of the cathode regenerator is connected with the cathode inlet of the fuel cell
Preferably, the cathode outlet of the fuel cell is connected to the hot side inlet of the cathode regenerator, and the hot side outlet of the cathode regenerator is connected to the inlet of the air turbine.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are that:
the utility model provides a pair of supercritical CO2The bottom circulation natural gas fuel cell power generation system is added with CO on the basis of the whole natural gas fuel cell power generation system2And use of CO2The cooling and pressurizing device converts the carbon dioxide gas into supercritical CO2And introducing the supercritical CO2As bottom circulation, the pure oxygen and the tail gas at the anode outlet of the fuel cell react together in a pure oxygen combustor, and the generated high-temperature high-pressure gas does work in a carbon dioxide gas turbine to generate electricity; the structure further improves the power generation efficiency on the basis of high-efficiency power generation of the fuel cell; meanwhile, the supercritical carbon dioxide circulating power generation system is adopted in the bottom circulation, so that the system is simple, and the equipment volume is greatly reduced; the system simultaneously considers CO2CO capture function, and can realize coal-electricity power generation with high efficiency and low cost2And (5) emission reduction.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a power generation system according to the present invention;
wherein, 1, a fuel reformer 2, a fuel cell 3, a cathode air compressor 4, an anode regenerator 5, a cathode regenerator 6, an air turbine 7, a compressor 8, a waste heat boiler 9, a pure oxygen combustor 10, a cryogenic air separation unit 11, an oxygen compressor 12, and CO2A gas turbine 13, a heat regenerator 14, a tail gas condenser 15, a gas-water separator 16, CO2Compressor 17, CO2Condenser 18, CO2Booster pump 19, steam turbine.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in figure 1, the utility model provides a supercritical CO2The natural gas fuel cell power generation system of bottom circulation comprises a fuel reformer 1, a fuel cell 2, a cathode air compressor 3, an anode regenerator 4, a cathode regenerator 5, an air turbine 6, a compressor 7, a waste heat boiler 8, a pure oxygen combustor 9, a cryogenic air separation unit 10, an oxygen compressor 11, CO2A gas turbine 12, a heat regenerator 13, a tail gas condenser 14, a gas-water separator 15, and CO2Compressor 16, CO2Condenser 17, CO2The system comprises a booster pump 18 and a turbine 19, wherein the outlet of a fuel reformer 1 is connected with the anode inlet of a fuel cell 2, the anode tail gas outlet of the fuel cell 2 is connected with the hot side inlet of an anode regenerator 4, and the hot side outlet of the anode regenerator 4 is connected with the inlet of a pure oxygen combustor 9 through a compressor 7; the high-temperature high-pressure gas outlet of the pure oxygen combustor 9 is connected with CO2An inlet of the gas turbine 12;
the outlet of the cathode air compressor 3 is divided into two paths, one path is connected with the inlet of the cryogenic air separation unit 10, and the oxygen outlet of the cryogenic air separation unit 10 is connected with the inlet of the pure oxygen combustor 9 through an oxygen compressor 11; the other path is connected with a cold side inlet of an anode regenerator 4, a cold side outlet of the anode regenerator 4 is connected with a cold side inlet of a cathode regenerator 5, and a high-temperature and high-pressure gas outlet of the cathode regenerator 5 is connected with a cathode inlet of the fuel cell 2;
the cathode outlet of the fuel cell 2 is connected with the hot side inlet of the cathode heat regenerator 5, the hot side outlet of the cathode heat regenerator 5 is connected with the inlet of the air turbine 6, and the air outlet of the air turbine 6 is connected with the inlet of the waste heat boiler 8;
CO2a combustion tail gas outlet of the gas turbine 12 is connected with a hot side inlet of the heat regenerator 13, a hot side outlet of the heat regenerator 13 is connected with an inlet of the waste heat boiler 8, a superheated steam outlet of the waste heat boiler 8 is connected with an inlet of a steam turbine 19, and a part of steam outlets of the steam turbine 19 are connected with an inlet of the fuel reformer 1;
the combustion tail gas outlet of the waste heat boiler 8 is connected with the inlet of the gas-water separator 15 through the tail gas condenser 14, the bottom of the gas-water separator 15 is provided with a condensate outlet, and the top gas outlet of the gas-water separator 15 passes through CO2Compressor 16 connected to CO2CondenserInlet of 17, CO2Liquid CO of condenser 172The outlet is divided into two paths, one path is connected with liquid CO2The other path of the storage tank passes through CO2The pressurizing pump 18 is connected with the cold side inlet of the regenerator 13, and the cold side outlet of the regenerator 13 is connected with the inlet of the pure oxygen burner 9.
The system flow is as follows:
natural gas is fed to the fuel reformer 1 together with a stream of steam extracted from the turbine 19 and subsequently fed to the anode of the fuel cell 2 to react as fuel.
Tail gas at the outlet of the anode of the fuel cell 2 is sent to the inlet of the hot side of an anode regenerator 4, then sent to a compressor 7 for pressurization, sent to a pure oxygen combustor 9 and a part of pure oxygen at the outlet of an oxygen compressor 11, and sent to supercritical CO at the outlet of the cold side of a regenerator 132Performing combustion reaction, and delivering the generated high-temperature high-pressure gas to CO2The gas turbine 12, which produces work and generates electricity.
One air is pressurized by a cathode air compressor 3, and then a part of the air is sent to a cold side inlet of an anode regenerator 4 and then sent to a cold side inlet of a cathode regenerator 5, the generated high-temperature air is sent to a cathode inlet of a fuel cell 2, the high-temperature air is sent to a hot side inlet of the cathode regenerator 5 after reaction in the fuel cell 2 and then sent to an air turbine 6 for acting and power generation, the air at an outlet of the air turbine 6 is sent to a waste heat boiler 8, and the waste heat is recycled and then discharged to the atmosphere;
the other part is sent to a cryogenic air separation unit 10 to generate pure oxygen which is sent to the inlet of an oxygen compressor 11.
CO2The combustion tail gas at the outlet of the gas turbine 12 is firstly sent to the inlet at the hot side of the heat regenerator 13 and then sent to the waste heat boiler 8 for continuously recovering heat; the superheated steam generated by the waste heat boiler 8 is sent to a steam turbine 19 to do work and generate power.
The combustion tail gas at the outlet of the waste heat boiler 8 is cooled by a tail gas condenser 14 and then sent to a gas-water separator 15. Condensed water is sent out from the bottom outlet of the gas-water separator 15, and the main component of the gas at the top outlet is CO2Introduction of CO2After being pressurized by the compressor 16, CO is fed2The condenser 17 continues to cool, CO2The outlet of the condenser 17 is liquid CO2One part is used as a product delivery system, and the other part is used as a product delivery systemPart of the mixture is recycled to CO2Pressure pump 18, CO2Supercritical CO at the outlet of the booster pump 182Is fed into the cold side inlet of the regenerator 13, thus forming supercritical CO2And (6) circulating. The electric energy generated by the system is composed of a fuel cell 2, an air turbine 6 and CO2 A gas turbine 12, and a steam turbine 19.
Claims (8)
1. Supercritical CO2The natural gas fuel cell power generation system with bottom circulation is characterized by comprising a fuel reformer (1), a fuel cell (2), a cathode air compressor (3), a heat exchange device, an air turbine (6), a compressor (7), a waste heat boiler (8), a pure oxygen combustor (9), CO2Gas turbine (12), regenerator (13) and CO2Cooling and pressurizing the device, wherein,
the fuel reformer (1) is provided with inlets of natural gas and steam, an outlet of the fuel reformer (1) is connected with an anode inlet of the fuel cell (2), an anode outlet of the fuel cell (2) is connected with a hot side inlet of the heat exchange device, and a hot side outlet of the heat exchange device is connected with an inlet of the pure oxygen combustor (9) through the compressor (7);
the high-temperature high-pressure gas outlet of the pure oxygen combustor (9) is connected with CO2Inlet of gas turbine (12), CO2A combustion tail gas outlet of the gas turbine (12) is connected with a hot side inlet of the heat regenerator (13), and a hot side outlet of the heat regenerator (13) is connected with an inlet of the waste heat boiler (8); meanwhile, a pure oxygen inlet of the pure oxygen combustor (9) is connected with a pure oxygen pipeline;
an outlet of the cathode air compressor (3) is connected with a cathode inlet of the fuel cell (2) through a heat exchange device, a cathode outlet of the fuel cell (2) is connected with an inlet of an air turbine (6), an outlet of the air turbine (6) is connected with an inlet of a waste heat boiler (8), and an air outlet is formed in the waste heat boiler (8);
the high-temperature combustion tail gas outlet of the waste heat boiler (8) is connected with CO2Cooling the inlet of the pressure device, CO2Supercritical CO of cooling and pressurizing device2The outlet is connected with the cold side inlet of the regenerator (13), and the cold side outlet of the regenerator (13) is connected with the inlet of the pure oxygen burner (9).
2. A supercritical CO according to claim 12The natural gas fuel cell power generation system with bottom circulation is characterized in that the outlet of the cathode air compressor (3) is also connected with the inlet of a cryogenic air separation unit (10), and the outlet of the cryogenic air separation unit (10) is connected with a pure oxygen pipeline through an oxygen compressor (11).
3. A supercritical CO according to claim 12The natural gas fuel cell power generation system with the bottom circulation is characterized in that a superheated steam outlet of the waste heat boiler (8) is connected with an inlet of a steam turbine (19), and a part of steam outlet of the steam turbine (19) is connected with an inlet of the fuel reformer (1).
4. A supercritical CO according to claim 12Bottom-circulating natural gas fuel cell power generation system, characterized in that CO2The cooling and pressurizing device comprises a tail gas condenser (14), a gas-water separator (15) and CO2Compressor (16), CO2Condenser (17) and CO2A pressure pump (18), wherein a combustion tail gas outlet of the waste heat boiler (8) is connected with an inlet of a tail gas condenser (14), an outlet of the tail gas condenser (14) is connected with an inlet of a gas-water separator (15), and a top gas outlet of the gas-water separator (15) is sequentially connected with CO2Compressor (16), CO2Condenser (17) and CO2Inlet of pressure pump (18), CO2The outlet of the pressure pump (18) is connected with the cold-side inlet of the regenerator (13).
5. A supercritical CO according to claim 42Bottom-circulating natural gas fuel cell power generation system, characterized in that CO2The condenser (17) is also connected with liquid CO2And (4) storage tank.
6. A supercritical CO according to claim 42The natural gas fuel cell power generation system with bottom circulation is characterized in that a condensed water outlet is formed in the bottom of the gas-water separator (15).
7. The method of claim 1Supercritical CO2The natural gas fuel cell power generation system with bottom circulation is characterized in that the heat exchange device comprises an anode regenerator (4) and a cathode regenerator (5), wherein an anode tail gas outlet of the fuel cell (2) is connected with a hot side inlet of the anode regenerator (4), and a hot side outlet of the anode regenerator (4) is connected with an inlet of a compressor (7);
the outlet of the cathode air compressor (3) is connected with the cold side inlet of the anode regenerator (4), the cold side outlet of the anode regenerator (4) is connected with the cold side inlet of the cathode regenerator (5), and the high-temperature high-pressure gas outlet of the cathode regenerator (5) is connected with the cathode inlet of the fuel cell (2).
8. A supercritical CO according to claim 72The natural gas fuel cell power generation system with the bottom cycle is characterized in that a cathode outlet of a fuel cell (2) is connected with a hot side inlet of a cathode regenerator (5), and a hot side outlet of the cathode regenerator (5) is connected with an inlet of an air turbine (6).
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115763883A (en) * | 2022-11-17 | 2023-03-07 | 华北电力大学 | Zero-carbon-emission solid oxide fuel cell power generation system integrated with oxygen permeable membrane |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115763883A (en) * | 2022-11-17 | 2023-03-07 | 华北电力大学 | Zero-carbon-emission solid oxide fuel cell power generation system integrated with oxygen permeable membrane |
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